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    The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History
    The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History
    The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History
    Ebook446 pages7 hours

    The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History

    By Elizabeth Kolbert

    4/5

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    About this ebook

    ONE OF THE NEW YORK TIMES BOOK REVIEW'S 10 BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR

    A major book about the future of the world, blending intellectual and natural history and field reporting into a powerful account of the mass extinction unfolding before our eyes

    Over the last half a billion years, there have been five mass extinctions, when the diversity of life on earth suddenly and dramatically contracted. Scientists around the world are currently monitoring the sixth extinction, predicted to be the most devastating extinction event since the asteroid impact that wiped out the dinosaurs. This time around, the cataclysm is us.

    In The Sixth Extinction, two-time winner of the National Magazine Award and New Yorker writer Elizabeth Kolbert draws on the work of scores of researchers in half a dozen disciplines, accompanying many of them into the field: geologists who study deep ocean cores, botanists who follow the tree line as it climbs up the Andes, marine biologists who dive off the Great Barrier Reef. She introduces us to a dozen species, some already gone, others facing extinction, including the Panamian golden frog, staghorn coral, the great auk, and the Sumatran rhino.

    Through these stories, Kolbert provides a moving account of the disappearances occurring all around us and traces the evolution of extinction as concept, from its first articulation by Georges Cuvier in revolutionary Paris up through the present day. The sixth extinction is likely to be mankind's most lasting legacy; as Kolbert observes, it compels us to rethink the fundamental question of what it means to be human.

    Editor's Note

    On the endangered list…

    An incredibly accessible and informative look at the current mass extinction of species caused by human innovation. Kolbert leaps through thousands of years of history and travels the world in this Pulitzer Prize–winner.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherMacmillan Publishers
    Release dateFeb 11, 2014
    ISBN9780805099799
    The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History
    Author

    Elizabeth Kolbert

    Elizabeth Kolbert is the author of Field Notes from a Catastrophe: Man, Nature, and Climate Change and The Sixth Extinction, for which she won the Pulitzer Prize. She has also been awarded two National Magazine Awards for her writing at The New Yorker, where she has been a staff writer since 1999, and the Blake-Dodd Prize from the American Academy of Arts and Letters. She lives in Williamstown, Massachusetts, with her husband and children.

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    Reviews for The Sixth Extinction

    4/5

    243 ratings80 reviews

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    • 5/5
      It's a sad must read.
    • 4/5
      I found this book very understandable for a lay person. Any uncommon terms were explained. I wish our President would read it.The chapter about coral reefs just about broke my heart.
    • 4/5
      There have been five major extinctions. We may be headed (primarily due to humans) toward a 6th. This book is a mix of archaeology, paleontology, geology, anthropology, zoology, biology, history… The author looks at some species that have already gone extinct and others that appear to be heading that way. The book is filled with mastodons and mammoths, dinosaurs, rhinos, bats, neanderthals and humans (though we’re the only ones in this scenario that are expanding!). I quite liked this, but I have to admit (and maybe it’s – at least in part – due to listening to it rather than reading it), I’m afraid I won’t remember most of it before too long. The information was not really surprising to me, but I did find it very interesting while I listened, even if I’m not sure how much I will remember..
    • 4/5
      I learned many new things and I laughed a few times as well. That's pretty much a win for non-fiction. Humanity's impact on the environment tends to either be presented in a deliberately polarizing manner for political reasons or presented with assumptions of scientific knowledge which most lack. The author did an amazing job of explaining the science behind the impact in layman's terms without omitting details that frequently don't make "news" stories on the topic. She even took the time to explain how mistakes and theory discrepancies happen in science. Even better, she did all of this calmly by presenting facts and logic without resorting to emotional manipulation.I loved the inclusion of small personal notes about the assorted scientists featured. While such asides don't contribute to the main premise of the book, they do make it much more engaging. Between that and her wonderful descriptive style, I found myself able to visualize her experiences and environments with a fullness usually only found in fiction.There are two things which would have greatly enhanced my pleasure in this book. An insert of color photos of the assorted plants and animals discussed would be awesome. I did Google quite a bit while reading this and it would have been preferable to have photos right in the book.Additionally, a chart/timeline depicting the assorted eras and epochs mentioned in chronological order with dates and maybe a few sample organisms listed for each section would have been great. Perhaps with the mass extinctions and suggested range for the anthropocene marked as well? As clear as her explanations were, some information processes better in images than text.Things I think should be changed before the final release:I'm hoping the end notes will be numbered in text with subscript in the final edition.The graph on page 16 is hella blurry.On page 46 at the end of chapter 2, she first mentions that the megafauna extinction is becoming understood as being the result of the spread of modern humans. No specifics are gone into on this until page 230. This left me wary that she was going to start making assertions without any kind of backup in the beginning of the book and I felt a bit weirded out all the way through the book by that hanging thread even when it became clear that she was validating her beliefs with facts. As a reader, it would have been better for that statement to have been omitted in chapter 2 if it wasn't going to be developed for almost 200 pages. At the very least, it should be noted that it will be expanded upon later in the book.Page 86, line 19, the paragraph that starts with "The bolide arrived from the southeast..." I'm assuming that "doe to its trajectory" (later in that paragraph) should read due "to its trajectory."The last sentence on 113 going over to page 114 reads "Change the atmosphere's composition atmosphere..." Is that right? It seems like the second atmosphere is superfluous or at least awkward.I would omit the bit about the gift shop cashier not showing Ms. Kolbert around from page 226. It comes across petty and unflattering to the author. Even if there were no other customers, it's a given in *any* clerking job that you don't leave the shop unattended. You can get fired for that.I received a complimentary copy of this book via a Goodreads giveaway. Many thanks to all involved in providing me with this opportunity.
    • 3/5
      A very scary report. Makes u want to work or volunteer in environmental protection companies and wants to make u shake people up who don't believe in climate change
    • 4/5
      This was a very readable account of the history of man's understanding of paleontology and previous extinctions followed by the various threats precipitating the present glut of extinctions.
    • 5/5
      If you need another reminder that we're bringing about the next apocalypse, this book is for you. It's more than just a harbinger of doom, however. It discusses in detail the natural history of mass extinctions -- there have been 5 until now. It also discusses the theorized causes of those extinctions and how the current mass extinction - the 6th - is being caused by effects of another species (us) and not an extra-terrestrial (meteor) or geological incident. But that's not all! Kolbert also educates us in the history of extinction science itself...once upon a time, the idea that a species would simply cease to be was simply inconceivable. Kolbert is selective with her case studies showcased in this book. She did such a great job I'd like to have read about more examples, even if it would be beating a dead mastodon. While one of the conclusions is that we are probably too far into the climate change and habitat destruction to suddenly curtail the die-off of species through any heroic efforts we might muster, things might not be as bleak as the numbers predict. There will be a lot of species lost when their habitats cease to be, but they will be replaced by a different habitat that might be amenable to other creatures. Of course, that could simply mean that our destiny is the planet will be ruled by giant rats and cockroaches.
    • 5/5
      The case for Victor Frankl's tragic optimism has never been more apt than for this book. The book is really more of a sequel to Kolbert's Field Notes from a Catastrophe about global warming. It's up to us Homo sapiens to decide on how big the Sixth Extinction will be and whether it will includes us. However the window to make a choice is rapidly closing.
    • 4/5
      Kohlbert is a fine author. She does her research, and writes cleanly and efficiently. She does a nice job of detailing the science and historical progression leading toward the Sixth Extinction. I've read quite a few good books on the science lately, and her work parallels the other works, perhaps with less scientific detail...but perfect for layperson readers. I really have no negative criticism of this book, other than to say that I would have liked to see her develop her view of the future a bit more. Regardless, good job, and worth reading.
    • 5/5
      An excellent overview of extinctions from the past compared to extinctions happening now. In the past there have 5 large extinction events, each caused by a variety of potential factors. We are now in the midst of the 6th large extinction event, this one almost entirely human caused. I would like the to say the author provides some hope that we can change our ways and head of this extinction event, but the information shared is this book makes that seem rather unlikely. Sobering and somewhat depressing, but wonderfully written and informative.
    • 4/5
      Are we in another major extinction, as "earth-shattering" as those caused by a meteorite slamming into the earth? The author gives some very clear examples to assure us that we are. Interesting theory - the large mammals of North America disappeared around the same time that man showed up! Seems we (humans) got an earlier start on extinction than we first thought.
    • 5/5
      5 stars. Initial thoughts: I really like the structure of the book and the writer's voice. The book was easy to read and to understand. It kept my attention and had me wanting more. It was deep enough but not dry. I really enjoyed it even though it is the most depressing thing I've read this year...maybe ever.

      Update: Anthropocene has been officially designated as the current period. After a month of reading this book, I am still thinking about it. The part about invasive species has stuck with me the most. It's inevitable given globalization! What to do? Kill 'em rats, I guess.
    • 4/5
      The content of this book was certainly interesting but I thought the structure of the book was choppy and messy. It jumped from one thing to the next and back again with absolutely no focus.
    • 5/5
      Excellent. A look at various aspects of extinction. The author focuses on different species in each chapter, as she explains the science, history, and theories of extinction. Some of the subjects she covers are mass extinction events and the catastrophes that can cause them, the history of the science behind our understanding of extinction, current research being done in various parts of the world, the ability of species to adapt to environmental changes, and the impact of human behaviour on other species. I thought the book was interesting and easy to follow, and I learned some things I didn't already know. My only complaints are my usual ones for books written by journalists. The author inserted herself into the narrative rather more than I prefer, and, seriously, science writers, I do not need to know that a researcher has a "boyish face" and I couldn't care less about anybody's footwear. Other than that, I enjoyed her lightly humorous touches and literary allusions.
    • 4/5
      It's easy to see why this won a Pulitzer last year. It's informative without being dry, well-researched without being overly academic, and includes fascinating details and convincing arguments. Kolbert combines history, archaeology, anthropology, and science (as well as her own anecdotes and observations) to argue that we are in the midst of the sixth great extinction event, this one caused by humans themselves. It never becomes polemical or political, and Kolbert seems like the kind of person it would be fun to hang out with - smart, funny, and inquisitive. She reads the foreword herself but the rest of the book is narrated by someone else, and I almost wish she'd read the whole thing herself, though the professional narrator was fine. I may end up bumping this one to 4.5 stars - we'll see...
    • 5/5
      It's not just climate change we need to worry about in our environment. Mankind is changing the face of Earth. Enough change that it is causing of hundreds (thousands!) of other species. The destruction may be massive enough that it shows up as a distinctive band in sedimentary layers.
    • 5/5
      An excellent, understandable overview of the last half billion years surveying the five massive extinctions when diversity of life on earth suddenly contracted as a result of some external force. The point of the book, however, is the sixth (current) extinction and how scientists are tracking it. Of course this time the cause is us. Well written with lots of personal stories, there is also a lot of focus on Cincinnati (and the zoo). If you have any interest at all in ecology or natural history you should read this book.
    • 3/5
      It's amazing i think this is one of the my interest
    • 5/5
      A disturbing and intriguing book about the life around us. Every human being should read.
    • 5/5
      i like this book. this is an awesome book great
    • 5/5
      The book is amazing and gives you a wonderful feeling I would recommend reading it to everyone
    • 5/5
      An excellent bridge between the world of science and the world of women and men.
    • 4/5
      To be honest, she made me calmer about the reality of global warming. I think that is the opposite of the intention - but it seems that we are naturally in a part of an inevitable history.
    • 2/5
      Simplistic and shallow too much like the popular media in general
    • 4/5
      Great but sad book about extinctions and mass extinctions. Interesting history about how biologists and paleontologists etc first began to understand the concept of extinct species, mixed with information about a few of the many species facing extinction right now or that have disappeared in the recent past. Not a happy topic, but not an overly depressing book considering the subject matter.
    • 5/5
      Required reading for humanity. I was impressed with Kolbert's ability to clearly discuss complex scientific issues in an engaging fashion.
    • 5/5
      The 5 mass extinctions caused by changes in the earth's environment, and the sixth one we are living in - the anthropocene, human-caused environmental change and species extinction.
    • 5/5
      Excellent and sobering survey of the current mass extinction
    • 4/5
      At times, this felt like reading Charles Dickens: why use one word when a paragraph can be eked out? That being said, there are many facts in this book which I didn't know. Any person, claiming green credentials, will know that we are in the midst of the 6th Mass Extinction, this book gives a great retrospective of the first five and shows why, this time it's different.I would label this a must read.
    • 5/5
      An interesting look at our planet with question being are we presently in the midst of the sixth extinction? This done by looking at various issues that the planet is currently going through.

    Book preview

    The Sixth Extinction - Elizabeth Kolbert

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