:

[
Coulomb.

[ .

[
.

[
.

, .
( Q q > 0 U > 0, Q q < 0 U < 0
).

[ .
[

[ .
[ .... ( .).

[
.

70.

[ g .

[ .

: -

U = K c

Q1Q 2
r

Q
S
C = 0 S,
V


.

C =

V

E =

1
U = CV 2
2

.
xx

yy

Fx = 0

Fy = E q

x = 0

y =

x = 0

y = y t

x = 0 t

1
y = y t2
2

Eq
m

71.

- .

q VA , V , WA = q VA = q ( VA V )

WA > 0

WA < 0

+q . ,
F = E q (1)
.
W = F L ( 2 ) .

(1) (2) W = E q L (3) .

W = q V ( 4 )
(3), (4) E q L = q V , E =

V
L

72.

-

, .
() ()
, :
E , + = ,

. :
1 :
. .
2 : - .

.

Q
. :
. ,
.
.

. 1
:

U = U A,B + U B, + U ,
U . = k

QA QB
Q Q
Q Q
+k B +k A

U . = 3k

Q2
.

73.

2
Q .
Q Q
Q2
=k

Q .

: W1 = WB = WB = Q.k
W2 = W = W = Q V .

V = V + VB = k

Q2
Q
Q
Q
.
+ k = 2k . : W2 = W = 2k

: W = W1 + W2 = k

Q2
Q2
Q2
+ 2k
= 3k

Q2
.

:
.

: U . = 3k

. E , + = , U , + = U
0 + = 3k

Q2
Q2
= 3k

.
i.

q = t
,
,
0
m
1
y = 0 t t 2
2
ii.
E : =

ii. m +q
V0 0. .
L.

74.

d V.
. 0 .
. . .
. .
. .
. - .
. .
. S .
. .
.
:
i. ,
ii. y
iii. Vy, .
.

.
.

:
. .

2qV0
m
.
.
.
xx 0 yy
= W K - = qV0

1
m02 - 0 = qV0 0 =
2

xx

75.

yy
Fy = E q

Fx = 0

y =

x = 0

E q
m

qV
md

x = 0

y = y t (3 )

x = 0 t ( 2 )

1
y = y t 2 (1)
2

. xx x = L .
( 2 ) L = 0 t t =

L
0

(4)

. x y.
(2) (1) .

(2) t =

1 qV x 2
x
1 x2

(1) y = 2 y = 2 x 2 y =
2 md 02
0
2 0
20

. (1) (4) t = t =
1
1 qV L2

y = t 2 y =
2
2 md 02
x = L y =

. E =

Vy
y

Vy, =

L
:
0

(5 )

(5)

1 qV L2

2 md 02

Vy,o = y (5)

V 1 qV L2
qV 2 L2

2 Vy, =
d 2 md 0
2md 2 02

(6 )

. S
. :
2
2
(5) S = L2 +
S2 = L2 + y
S L2 + y

q 2 V 2 L4
.
4m 2 d 2 04

76.

. x = 0 y = t o y =

qV L
.
md 0

qVL
y
md0
qVL .
=
=
=
x
0
md02
2
= 02 +
. i.. = 2x + 2y 02 + 2 t

q 2 V 2 L2

.
m 2 d 2 02

ii. .

1
1
= W K = F yo m2 m02 = qEyo
2
2
V
qV
2qV
yo 2 02 = 2
y = 02 +
y
d
md
md
iii. .
m2 m02 = 2q

= W K = q Vyo

1 2 1 2
m m0 = qVy, m2 m02 = 2qVy,
2
2
2 02 =

. F =

2qVy,
m

= 02 +

2qVy,
m

P
L
V L
P = Ft P = qE P = q
t
0
d 0

.
2003.
.. 126 - 127: 3.17, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21, 3.22
. 138: 3.90, 3.91, 3.92, 3.93
. 139: 3.94, 3.95, 3.97
. 140: 3.98, 3.99, 3.100

.


.. 89 - 102: 3.1, 3.2, 3.3,
3.4, 3.6, 3.7, 3.9, 3.10, 3.12
. 109: 1 (
:

x=

Kc q2
6m02

.. 105 - 108: 3.2, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6,

3.10, 3.12

77.

78.

1.

= 0, 36cm Q, 2Q, Q 2Q Q = 2C .
.
.
. Q . m = 2g ,
.
: K c = 9 109 ( SI). .

:
. AB = B = = = 3,6 103 m A = B = 2 = 3,6 2 103 m .
:
U = 4 Kc
U=

Q 2Q
Q2
4Q 2
+ c
+ c

2
2

8K c Q 2 5K c Q 2 K c Q 2
+
=

5 9 109 4 1012

8 +
=
2
3,6 103

8 +
J
2

= 10 8 +
J
2

. ,
.

)
..: U(
= () K c

2 =

2K c Q 2
m

2Q 2
2Q 2
2Q 2 1 2
+ c
+ c
= m

2 2

2
4 +
= 100 4 + 2 / 2m / s
217m / s
2

2.

79.

Q = 20C
q = 1C m = 4g .
U = 3,6 J .
. .
. q . .
. q.
: K c = 9 109 ( SI)

:
K Qq 9 109 20 106 106
Qq
r= c
=
m = 5 102 m
r
U
3,6
. q
Coulomb.
. ,
( ) .

. U = K c

1
r 2r: E = U = U + m2
2
K c Qq
Qq
Qq 1 2
= Kc
+ m =
= 30m / s
r
2r 2
mr
. . r :
Kc

3.

K c Qq 1 2
2K c Qq
= m =
= 30 2 m /.s
r
2
mr

q1 = 109 C q 2 = 4 109 C
r = 20cm .
q1 q 2 , -

2 = 2 102 m / s . q1 q 2 ,
1 = 6 102 m / s .
.
. ;

80.

. m1 , m 2 ;
.
;

:
. :

U = Kc

q1 q 2
109 4 109
J U = 18 10 8 J
= 9 109
r
2 101

.1.

E I = E II K c

m2 =

2K c q1 q 2
q1 q 2 1
= m 2 2 2 m 2 =

r
2
2 2 r

36 108
kg = 9 104 kg .
4 104

.2.

E III = E IV K c
m1 =

2K c q1 q 2
12 r

q1 q 2 1
= m1 12
r
2
=

2 18 108

(6 10 )
2

kg =

36 108
kg m1 = 104 kg
36 104

.
. ( ).


..: P = P 0 = m1 1 m2 2

1 =

m2
2 1 = 9 2
m1

..: E = E K c

Kc

(1)
(1)
q1 q 2 1
1
= m1 12 + m 2 2 2
r
2
2

q1 q 2 1
1
= m1 812 2 + m 2 2 2
r
2
2

m1 =

Kc

81.

m2
q q
1
1
K c 1 2 = m 2 92 2 + m 2 2 2
9
r
2
2

q1 q 2
1 K c q1 q 2
= 5m 2 2 2 2 =

r
5m 2
r

2 =

9 109 4 1018
m / s = 0, 4 102 m / s
4
1
5 9 10 2 10

(1): 1 = 9 0, 4 102 m / s

4.

= 8m Q = 2C
M = 200g . Q
q = 1mC m = 20g 0 = 5m / s .
. h
q.
. q

Q
.
.
2
: g = 10m / s K c = 9 109

N m2
C2

:
. q ,
( ). q () () :

82.

U , + = U , + U , K c

Qq 1 2
Qq
+ m0 = c
+ mgh h <


2

h

9 109 2 106 103 1

18
+ 20 103 25 =
+ 0, 2h (h m)
8
2
8h

20m . 20 m >
= 8m
2h 2 41h + 20 = 0 h =
0,5m
. () Q q

F = c

Qq

(
h )

18
N B = Mg = 2N .
7,52

B > F Q , .
q -

x F = B ( ) : K c

Qq
x

= Mg x =

K c Qq
= 3m
Mg

Q () (): U , + U , = U , + U , +

Kc

Qq
Qq
1
+ Mg
= K c
+ Mg ( h + x ) + M2max
x
2

h

18
+ 16 = 6 + 2 3,5 + 0,1 2 5, 4 = 0,12 = 54 m / s = 3 6 m / s
7,5

5.

30o

Q = 2 104 C .
h = 6m Q
q = 104 C m = 50g 0 = 40m / s . .
g = 10m / s 2 K c = 9 109 (SI).

:
, q
. q , r Q.

83.

2h = 30 .

K + U
+ U = U + U

K Qq
1
r K Qq
m02 + c
+ mgh = mg + c
2
2h
2
r
40 + 15 + 3 =

r 180
+
(r m)
4
r

228,85m
r 2 232r + 720 = 0 r =
3,15m

rm in = 3,15 m rmax = 228,85m .

6.

A
d = 10cm V = 100 Volt ,

q = 5C
.
. ;
. ;
.
0 .
. 0 ;
. ;
: m = 1011 kg .

:
. ... :

V 102 V
=
E = 103 V / m
d 101 m

E=

F q E 5 106
8
2
=
=
103 m / s 2 = 5 10 m / s
11
m
m
10

g .
=

84.

. .
1
2d
2 101
=
d = t 2 t =
s = 4 1010 s t = 2 10 5 s
8
2

5 10
.
.

. = 0 t 0 = 0 t 0 = t t =

2 2
1
d = 0 t t 2 d = 0 0
2
2
d=

02
0 = 2 d 0 = 25108 10 1 m / s = 104 m / s
2

0 104
=
s = 210 5 s .
5108
. :
t =

1
2
y = 0 0 t t 2 = 0 t = 0
2

= 0 t = 0 ( ).

7.

q = 1,6 1019 C m = 9 1031 kg

L = 10cm E = 104

N
. S = 10cm C

. 0
0 2 . . :
.
. ,
. ,

. .

85.

.. .
:
xx

yy

Fx = 0

Fy = E q

x = 0

y =

x = 0

y = y t

x = 0 t

1
y = y t2
2

. = 0 2 =

E q
m

2
= 0 =
. = 45 .
0 2
2

.. : x = L
L
t =
x = 0 t
0

q
t E q L
qL 4 7
E q L
45 =
= m
=
= 1 0 =
= 10 m / s
0
0
m0 2 m 2
m
3

45 = 1

86.

t =

L 3 8
1
1 Eq 2
= 10 s = y t 2 =
t = 0,05m .
0 4
2
2 m

.. V = V (
VAE = 0 ) =

V VA
=
V = E = 500V

. ... A : = W

= q VA = 1,6 1019 C ( 500V ) = 8 10 17 J

t
= E q = 1,6 1015 N
t
F = E q

. 2 F =

3
= E q t = 1,6 1015 N 108 s = 1, 2 1023 N s
4
. = = S = 10cm .
ZH = = 5cm H = + = 15cm .

8.

m = 20kg 10C

T = 102 ,
. ..

107 t (S.I. ) 0 t 2s
=
7
2 10 N / C t > 2s
. ;
. 0 t 4s
. 2s;
. 2s
4s. .

87.

:
.
.
Fe T q E T 105 107 t 102 t 1s .

.
:
=

F qE 105 107 t
=
=
= 5 t 1 t 2s .
m m
2 10

t = 1s t = 2s 5m / s 2 10m / s 2 .

10m / s 2 .
. t = 1 t = 2 ( ).

5 + 10
1m / s = 7,5m / s
2

0 = 7,5 m / s = 7,5 m / s .

. 2 sec t = 2s ( 2 4 sec)

1
1

x = 0 t + t 2 x = 7,5 2 + 10 22 m x = 35m .
2
2

88.

1.

,
= 0,1m ,
q A = 1 109 C q = 2 109 C . :
.
.

.
.
: K c = 9 109 N m 2 / C2 .
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................

2.


0 m +q.

89.

+Q.
, :
.
. .
K c
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................

3.

... .
0 = 50m / s m = 6g q = 1,5C .
t = 4s .
... : g = 10m / s 2 .
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................

4.

= 4cm .

m = 2 104 kg

90.

q = 2 107 C .
.
.
.
;
.
; : g = 10m / s 2 .
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................

5.

4 102 g
q = 20C
0 = 100m / s
d = 5cm 12,5kV .
h = 4,5cm
. L = 8cm b = 10cm

. :
. t = 0, 2ms
.

91.

.


.
. .
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................

6.

q = 1C
r = 1m
Q = 100C .

E = 4 105 N / C .
q .
. .
. Q q
; ;
. .
: K c = 9 109 ( S.I.)
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................

92.

1
.1. . :
. .
. .
. .
. .
2. + Q1 + Q 2 r. Q1 Q 2
:
. .
. .
. .
. .
3. 0 . :
. 0 .
. 0 .
. 0 .
4.
U = 20J . :
. U = 40J .
. U = 10J .

93.

. U = 10J ,
. U = 40J .
. .
. ,
, . ( )
.

. ( )
.
, , . ( )
.

. ( )

( 25)
20
1.
, .
: q p = q e , m p > m e
. p e.

. ;
. .
.

94.

2.. m q .

;
. ,
. ,
.
. .
3.

45 .

F.

( 25)
30

0 = 200m / s . t = 1014 s .
E=100 N C . :
. .
.

.
m
.
.

( 25)

95.

40
m = 106 kg q = 106 C
V0 =200V .
.
1 = 8cm .
V=100V
= 20cm
d = 40cm , : ( )
. .
. .
. ,
.
. .

( 25)