Trial 2009

Nama :------------------------------------------------- Kelas : ---------------
4551/1 4551/1
Biology
Paper 1
September
2009
1¼ jam
MAKTAB RENDAH SAINS MARA
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN
SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2009
4
5 BIOLOGY
5
1 Paper 1
1
One hour and fifteen minutes
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU
1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa
2. Soalan adalah dalam bahasa Inggeris mendahului soalan yang sepadan dalam bahasa
Melayu
3. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman belakang kertas soalan inI
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 33 halaman bercetak dan 3 halaman tidak bercetak
4541/3 ©2009 Hak Cipta Bahagian Pendidikan & Latihan (Menengah) MARA
SULIT 2
1 The diagram shows a typical cell.

Rajah menunjukkan suatu sel tipikal.
What is X?
Apakah X?
A Ribosome
Ribosom
B Golgi apparatus
Jasad Golgi
C Mitochondrion
Mitokondria
D Chloroplast
Kloroplas
2 Which of the following are plant organs?

Antara berikut, yang manakah merupakan organ tumbuhan?
I Leaf
Daun
II Root
Akar
III Epidermis
Epidermis
IV Xylem
Xilem
A I and II
B I and III
C II and IV
D III and IV
4551/1 © 2009 Hak Cipta Bahagian Pendidikan & Latihan (Menengah) MARA SULIT
SULIT 3
3 The diagram shows an animal cell.

Rajah menunjukkan sel haiwan.
Which of the following statements is true about structure X?

Antara berikut, yang manakah benar tentang struktur X?
A It allows only water to pass through it
Ia membenarkan hanya air melaluinya
B It does not allow any substances to pass through it
Ia tidak membenarkan mana-mana bahan melaluinya
C It allows only selected substances to pass through it
Ia hanya membenarkan bahan-bahan terpilih sahaja melaluinya
D It allows all substances to pass through it
Ia membenarkan semua bahan melaluinya
4 Which of the following solutions has the lowest osmotic pressure?

Antara larutan berikut, yang manakah mempunyai tekanan osmosis yang paling
rendah?
A Pipe water
Air paip
B Distilled water
Air suling
C 0.1% sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa 0.1%
D 0.5% sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa 0.5%
SULIT 4
5 The diagram shows diffusion in potato cells.

Rajah menunjukkan resapan dalam sel kentang.
Cover
Penutup Potato
Kentang
Solution Y
Larutan Y Solution X
Larutan X
Before experiment
Sebelum eksperimen
Cover
Penutup
Potato
Solution Y Kentang
Larutan Y
Solution X
Larutan X
After experiment
Selepas eksperimen
What is solution X and solution Y ?

Apakah larutan X dan larutan Y ?
Solution X Solution Y
Larutan X Larutan Y
A Distilled water Distilled water
Air suling Air suling
B 10% sucrose solution 10% sucrose solution
Larutan sukrosa 10% Larutan sukrosa 10%
C Distilled water 10% sucrose solution
Air suling Larutan sukrosa 10%
D 10% sucrose solution Distilled water
Larutan sukrosa 10% Air suling
SULIT 5
6 The diagram shows three types of protein structure.

Rajah menunjukkan tiga jenis struktur protein.
X Y Z
Which of the following is the correct example ?

Antara berikut, yang manakah contoh yang betul ?
X Y Z
A Enzyme Keratin Haemoglobin
Enzim Keratin Hemoglobin
B Keratin Haemoglobin Enzyme
Keratin Hemoglobin Enzim
C Enzyme Haemoglobin Keratin
Enzim Hemoglobin Keratin
D Keratin Enzyme Haemoglobin
Keratin Enzim Hemoglobin
7 The diagram shows the synthesis of an enzyme in a cell.

Rajah menunjukkan proses sintesis enzim dalam sel.
Nucleus
Nukleus
Plasma membrane
T Membran plasma
Enzyme
Enzim
What will happen if organelle T is not present?
Apakah yang berlaku jika tiada organel T?
A Energy cannot be generated
Tenaga tidak dapat dihasilkan
B Enzyme cannot be synthesized
Enzim tidak dapat disintesiskan
C Proteins synthesized cannot be modified
Protein yang telah disintesiskan tidak dapat diubahsuai
D Proteins synthesized cannot be transported
Protein yang telah disintesiskan tidak dapat diangkut
SULIT 6
8 The diagram shows part of the contents of a cell nucleus.

Rajah menunjukkan sebahagian kandungan dalam nukleus sel.
K
What is K?
Apakah K?
A Chromosome
Kromosom
B Gene
Gen
C Chromatid
Kromatid
D Double helix DNA
DNA heliks ganda dua
9 The diagram shows the different stages of mitosis.

Rajah menunjukkan peringkat-peringkat yang berbeza dalam mitosis.
P Q R S
Arrange the diagrams in the correct sequence.

Susun rajah tersebut dalam urutan yang betul.
A PQRS
B QRPS
C SRQP
D SRPQ
SULIT 7
10 The diagram shows the homologous chromosomes in organisms P and Q before

meiosis.
Rajah menunjukkan kromosom homolog dalam organisma P dan Q sebelum meiosis.
Organism P Organism Q
Organisma P Organisma Q
Which of the following shows the product of fertilisation between organism P and Q?
Antara berikut yang manakah merupakan hasil persenyawaan antara organisma P
dan organisma Q?
A B
C D
SULIT 8
11 The diagram shows the molecular structure of three food classes.

Rajah menunjukkan struktur molekul tiga kelas makanan.
X Y Z
Which food classes do X, Y and Z belong to?

Dalam kelas makanan manakah X, Y dan Z berada?
X Y Z
A Carbohydrate Protein Lipid
Karbohidrat Protein Lipid
B Protein Lipid Carbohydrate
Protein Lipid Karbohidrat
C Protein Carbohydrate Lipid
Protein Karbohidrat Lipid
D Lipid Carbohydrate Protein
Lipid Karbohidrat Protein
12 Which of the following food pyramids fulfills the needs of a growing child?
Antara piramid makanan berikut, yang manakah memenuhi keperluan seorang kanak-
kanak yang sedang membesar?
A B
Fruits Fat
Buah-buahan Lemak
Carbohydrate Protein
Karbohidrat Protein
Protein Carbohydrate
Protein Karbohidrat
Fat Fruits
Lemak Buah-buahan
C D
Fruits Fat
Buah-buahan Lemak
Protein Fruits
Protein Buah-buahan
Fat Protein
Lemak Protein
Carbohydrate Carbohydrate
Karbohidrat Karbohidrat
SULIT 9
13 The diagram represents a chemical equation for digestion.

Rajah mewakili persamaan kimia untuk proses pencernaan.
P + Water Sucrase Glucose + Q

Air Sukrase Glukosa
What are P and Q ?

Apakah P dan Q ?
P Q
A Sucrose Galactose
Sukrosa Galaktosa
B Sucrose Fructose
Sukrosa Fruktosa
C Starch Galactose
Kanji Galaktosa
D Starch Glucose
Kanji Glukosa
14 A patient had his gall bladder removed. Choose the most suitable menu for this
patient.
Seorang pesakit telah dibuang pundi hempedunya. Pilih menu yang paling sesuai
untuk pesakit tersebut.
Menu 1 Menu 2 Menu 3 Menu 4
Satay Nasi lemak Roti canai Steamed fish

Sate Nasi lemak Roti canai Ikan kukus
Peanut sauce Cucumber Fish curry Rice
Kuah kacang Timun Kari ikan Nasi
Papaya Teh tarik Ice cream Fruit jelly
Betik Teh tarik Ais krim Agar-agar buah
A Menu 1
B Menu 2
C Menu 3
D Menu 4
SULIT 10
15 The diagram shows a longitudinal section of a villus.

Rajah menunjukkan keratan memanjang vilus.
Which of the following nutrients are found in P?

Antara nutrien berikut, yang manakah dijumpai di dalam P?
I Glucose
Glukosa
II Amino Acid
Asid Amino
III Fat
Lemak
IV Vitamin D
Vitamin D
A I and II
I dan II
B III and IV
III dan IV
C I, II and IV
I, II dan IV
D II, III and IV
II, III dan IV
SULIT 11
16 The following information shows the effects of macronutrient deficiency in plants.

Maklumat berikut menunjukkan kesan kekurangan makronutrien dalam tumbuhan.
• Reduced protein synthesis

Sinstesis protein berkurangan.
• Yellow-edged leaves
Hujung daun bewarna kuning
• Premature death of plants
Kematian tumbuhan di peringkat awal
What is the macronutrient ?

Apakah makronutrien tersebut ?
A Potassium C Magnesium
Potasium Magnesium
B Nitrogen D Sulphur
Nitrogen Sulfur
17 The following statements refer to stage X during photosynthesis.

Pernyataan berikut merujuk kepada peringkat X semasa fotosintesis.
• Hydrogen ions are produced

Ion hidrogen dihasilkan
• ATP is produced
ATP dihasilkan
• Water molecules are broken down
Molekul air terurai
What is stage X?
Apakah peringkat X?
A Decomposition of hydrocarbons
Pereputan hidrokarbon
B Reduction of carbon dioxide
Penurunan karbon dioksida
C Photolysis of water
Fotolisis air
D Production of glucose
Penghasilan glukosa
SULIT 12
18 The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.
Graf menunjukkan kesan keamatan cahaya ke atas kadar fotosintesis.
Rate of J
photosynthesis K
Kadar
fotosintesis
Light intensity
Keamatan cahaya
Referring to curve J and K, what can you deduce about the rate of photosynthesis?
Merujuk kepada lengkung J dan K, apa yang boleh dirumuskan tentang kadar
fotosintesis?
A It is not influenced by the concentration of carbon dioxide
Ia tidak dipengaruhi oleh kepekatan karbon dioksida
B It is limited by the concentration of carbon dioxide
Ia dihadkan oleh kepekatan karbon dioksida
C It is limited by the light intensity
Ia dihadkan oleh keamatan cahaya
D It is not influenced by temperature
Ia tidak dipengaruhi oleh suhu
19 The following measurements were made during an experiment to determine the energy
value of a peanut.
Pengukuran berikut dibuat semasa eksperimen untuk menentukan nilai tenaga kacang
tanah.
• Mass of peanut = 2g
Jisim kacang tanah
• Mass of water = 10 g
Jisim air
• Initial water temperature = 28oC
Suhu awal air
• Final water temperature = 55oC
Suhu akhir air
What is the energy value of the peanut ?

Apakah nilai tenaga kacang tanah ?
A 567 J/g
B 540 J/g
C 22.68 J/g
D 128.6 J/g
SULIT 13
20 Which of the following processes occurs during gaseous exchange between the alveolus
and the blood capillary?
Proses manakah yang berlaku semasa pertukaran gas antara alveolus dan kapilari
darah?
A Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
B Simple diffusion
Resapan ringkas
C Osmosis
Osmosis
D Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu
21 The diagram shows the relationship between photosynthesis and cell respiration.
Rajah menunjukkan hubung kait antara fotosintesis dan respirasi sel.
Respiration
Respirasi
X Y
Photosynthesis
Fotosintesis
What are X and Y?

Apakah X dan Y?
X Y
A Glucose , oxygen Glucose , carbon dioxide
Glukosa , oksigen Glukosa , karbon dioksida
B Glucose , carbon dioxide Glucose , oxygen
Glukosa , karbon dioksida Glukosa , oksigen
C Glucose , oxygen Water , carbon dioxide , ATP
Glukosa , oksigen Air , karbon dioksida , ATP
D Starch , energy Carbon dioxide
Kanji , tenaga Karbon dioksida
SULIT 14
22 The diagram shows paddy plants in a paddy field.

Rajah menunjukkan tumbuhan padi dalam sawah.
What are the products of respiration in the leaves and roots?

Apakah hasil respirasi pada daun dan akarnya?
Products of respiration in leaves Products of respiration in roots

Hasil respirasi di daun Hasil respirasi di akar
A Carbon dioxide and water Lactic acid and carbon dioxide
Karbon dioksida dan air Asid laktik dan karbon dioksida
B Carbon dioxide and water Ethanol and carbon dioxide
Karbon dioksida dan air Etanol dan karbon dioksida
C Lactic acid and carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide and water
Asid laktik dan karbon dioksida Karbon dioksida dan air
D Ethanol and carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide and water
Etanol dan karbon dioksida Karbon dioksida dan air
23 Which of the following organisms is a parasite?

Antara berikut, yang manakah parasit ?
A B
C D
SULIT 15
24 Which of the following are adaptations by the Sonneratia sp. to be able to grow in the
mangrove swamp?
Antara berikut, yang manakah penyesuaian Sonneratia sp. untuk membolehkannya
tumbuh di paya bakau?
I Thick and succulent leaves
Daun yang tebal dan sukulen
II Vivipary
Vivipariti
III Buttress roots
Akar banir
IV High osmotic pressure in the cell sap
Tekanan osmosis dalam sap sel tinggi
A I and II
I dan II
B I and III
I dan III
C I, II and III
I, II dan III
D I, II and IV
I, II dan IV
25 A student wants to estimate the size of the population of rats in a paddy field. He
installs traps evenly in the paddy field and successfully captures 40 rats. The rats are
marked with a dot of cellulose paint and then released. Three days later, he installs
the traps again. This time, a total of 20 rats are captured. 10 of them have cellulose
markings. What is the estimated population size of rats in the paddy field?
Seorang pelajar ingin menganggarkan saiz populasi tikus di sawah padi. Beliau
memasang perangkap di serata sawah padi dan berjaya menangkap 40 ekor tikus.
Tikus-tikus tersebut ditanda dengan menggunakan cat selulosa dan dilepaskan
semula. Tiga hari kemudian beliau memasang semula perangkap dan berjaya
menangkap 20 ekor tikus. 10 daripadanya bertanda. Apakah anggaran saiz populasi
tikus di sawah padi tersebut?
A 80
B 60
C 40
D 20
SULIT 16
26 The chart shows the pathway of nitrogen cycle in leguminous plants.

Carta menunjukkan kitaran nitrogen bagi tumbuhan legum.
Nitrogen in atmosphere
Nitrogen di atmosfera
J
L
K
Inorganic nitrogen in soil Organic nitrogen in leguminous plants
Nitrogen bukan organik dalam tanah Nitrogen organik pada tumbuhan legum
Organic nitrogen in animals

Nitrogen organik dalam haiwan
What are processes J, K and L?

Apakah proses J, K dan L?
J K L
A Nitrification Nitrogen fixation Denitrification
Nitrifikasi Pengikatan nitrogen Denitrifikasi
B Nitrogen fixation Denitrification Nitrification
Pengikatan nitrogen Denitrifikasi Nitrifikasi
C Denitrification Nitrification Nitrogen fixation
Denitrifikasi Nitrifikasi Pengikatan nitrogen
D Denitrification Nitrogen fixation Nitrification
Denitrifikasi Pengikatan nitrogen Nitrifikasi
SULIT 17
27 In an experiment to determine the Biochemical Oxygen Demand, a sample of lake water

was found to have a high BOD value.
What does the above situation tell?
Di dalam eksperimen untuk menentukan Keperluan Oksigen Biokimia, sampel dari air
tasik di dapati mempunyai nilai BOD yang tinggi.
Apakah yang diterangkan oleh situasi di atas?
I The water is polluted

Air tersebut tercemar
II The number of aquatic organism is low
Bilangan organisma akuatik rendah
III The water has a high oxygen content
Air tersebut mempunyai kandungan oksigen yang tinggi
IV Microorganisms are abundant
Terdapat mikroorganisma
A I and II
I dan II
B I and III
I dan III
C I and IV
I dan IV
D II and IV
II dan IV
SULIT 18
28 Which of the following are the effects of ozone depletion?

Antara berikut yang manakah adalah kesan penipisan ozon?
I Melanoma
Melanoma
II Snow storms
Ribut salji
III Phytoplankton is killed
Fitoplankton mati
IV The rate of photosynthesis increases
Kadar fotosintesis meningkat
A I and II
I dan II
B I and III
I dan III
C II and IV
II dan IV
D III and IV
III dan IV
SULIT 19
29 The diagram shows organism X and organism Y.

Rajah menunjukkan organisma X dan organisma Y.
Organism X Organism Y
Organisma X Organisma Y
How do both organisms adapt themselves to transport substances efficiently

into and out of their bodies?
Bagaimanakah kedua-dua organisma dapat mengadaptasi diri untuk pengangkutan
bahan masuk dan keluar dari badan dengan berkesan?
I Y expels waste products by simple diffusion
Y menyingkirkan bahan buangan melalui resapan ringkas
II Y has a specialized medium to transport substances
Y mempunyai medium yang khusus untuk pengangkutan bahan
III X has projections and folds in its organs
X mempunyai unjuran dan lipatan pada organnya
IV X has many specialized structures to expel waste products
X mempunyai struktur khusus untuk menyingkirkan bahan buangan
A I and II
I dan II
B II and III
II dan III
C I, II and III
I, II dan III
D I, III and IV
I, III dan IV
SULIT 20
30 The diagram shows a longitudinal section of the human heart.

Rajah menunjukkan suatu keratan membujur jantung manusia.
A C
B D
Which of the labelled parts A, B, C and D pumps blood to all parts of the body?
Antara bahagian berlabel A, B, C dan D yang manakah mengepam darah ke seluruh
badan?
31 The schematic diagram shows an incomplete mechanism of blood clotting.

Rajah menunjukkan mekanisma pembekuan darah yang tidak lengkap.
Thrombin
P Trombin
Fibrin
Q Fibrin
What are P and Q?

Apakah P dan Q?
P Q
A Fibrinogen Prothrombin
Fibrinogen Protrombin
B Prothrombin Fibrinogen
Protrombin Fibrinogen
C Fibrinogen Thromboplastin
Fibrinogen Tromboplastin
D Thromboplastin Fibrinogen
Tromboplastin Fibrinogen
SULIT 21
32 The diagram shows a stomata.

Rajah menunjukkan stoma.
Guard cell
Sel pengawal
Stoma
Stoma
Which of the following factors will cause the stomata to open wider?
Antara faktor berikut, yang manakah akan menyebabkan stoma terbuka dengan lebih
luas?
I The starch content increases
Kandungan kanji bertambah
II Water diffuses into the guard cells
Air meresap masuk ke dalam sel pengawal
III The osmotic pressure of the guard cells increases
Tekanan osmosis sel pengawal meningkat
IV There is no light
Tiada cahaya
A II and III
B II and IV
C III and IV
D I, II, III and IV
33 The diagram shows the bones of a human.

Rajah menunjukkan tulang-tulang pada manusia.
P Q R S
Which of the following forms a ball and socket joint?

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah membentuk sendi lesung dan soket?
A P and R
B Q and R
C P and S
D Q and S
SULIT 22
34 The diagram shows a fish swimming.

Rajah menunjukkan seekor ikan sedang berenang.
Left
Kiri
Right
Kanan
X
Which of the following shows the muscles of the fish at the line labelled X?
Antara berikut, manakah menunjukkan otot-otot ikan pada garis berlabel X?
A B
Left Right Left Right

Kiri Kanan Kiri Kanan
C D
Left Right Left Right

Kiri Kanan Kiri Kanan
SULIT 23
35 The diagram shows a motor neuron.

Rajah menunjukkan neuron motor.
What is the function of the structure labelled X?

Apakah fungsi struktur yang berlabel X?
A To assist in the metabolism of the cell body
Untuk membantu metabolisma badan sel
B To supply nutrients to the cell body
Untuk membekalkan nutrien ke badan sel
C To facilitate rapid transmission of impulses
Untuk membantu pemindahan impuls dengan lebih cepat
D To direct impulses towards one direction
Untuk mengarahkan pergerakan impuls satu hala
36 Which of the following parameters cannot be detected by the receptors in the body?
Antara yang berikut, parameter yang manakah yang tidak dapat dikesan oleh reseptor
di dalam badan?
A Blood pressure
Tekanan darah
B Body temperature
Suhu badan
C Partial pressures of carbon dioxide and oxygen
Tekanan separa karbon dioksida dan oksigen
D Blood amino acid level
Paras asid amino darah
SULIT 24
37 Which of the following transmits impulses from the afferent neuron to the efferent
neuron?
Antara berikut, yang manakah menghantar impuls daripada neuron aferen ke neuron
eferen ?
A Synapse
Sinaps
B Dendrite
Dendrit
C Axon
Akson
D Interneuron
Interneuron
38 Which is not a reason for why plants need support?

Antara berikut yang manakah bukan merupakan sebab tumbuhan memerlukan
sokongan?
A To show off their flowers for pollination
Menonjolkan bunga untuk pendebungaan
B The leaves must be properly positioned for photosynthesis
Daun mesti berada pada kedudukan sesuai untuk fotosintesis
C The fruits must be in a strategic position for effective seed dispersal
Buah mesti berada pada kedudukan strategik untuk membolehkan penyebaran biji
benih yang berkesan
D Climbers have tendrils to help them climb up
Tumbuhan memanjat mempunyai sulur paut untuk membantu mereka memanjat
39 The formation of urine involves the following processes except

Pembentukan air kencing melibatkan proses berikut kecuali
A ultrafiltration
ultraturasan
B reabsorbtion
penyerapan semula
C secretion
rembesan
D excretion
perkumuhan
SULIT 25
40 Which of the following is not a function of auxins?

Antara berikut, yang manakah bukan fungsi auksin?
A Promoting growth of plants and fruits
Merangsang pertumbuhan dalam tumbuhan dan buah
B Producing bushy plants
Menghasilkan banyak daun pada tumbuhan
C Promoting the ripening of fruits
Merangsang pemasakan buah
D Parthenocarpy
Partenokarpi
41 The diagram shows part of spermatogenesis.

Rajah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada proses spermatogenesis.
Germinal epithelial cells

2n
X Sel germa epitelium
2n 2n P
Growth
Pertumbuhan
2n
n n
Y
n n
Which of the following is true about process X, cell P and process Y?

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah benar tentang proses X, sel P dan proses Y?
Process X Cell P Process Y

Proses X Sel P Proses Y
A Mitosis Spermatogonium Meiosis II
Mitosis Spermatogonium Meiosis II
B Mitosis Spermatogonium Meiosis I
Mitosis Spermatogonium Meiosis I
C Meiosis I Primary spermatocyte Meiosis II
Meiosis I Spermatosit primer Meiosis II
D Meiosis II Secondary spermatocyte Meiosis II
Meiosis II Spermatosit sekunder Meiosis II
SULIT 26
42 The diagram shows the stages in the development of a follicle in an ovary.

Rajah menunjukkan peringkat perkembangan folikel di dalam ovari.
What is the hormone secreted by W?

Apakah hormon yang dirembeskan oleh W?
A Oestrogen
Estrogen
B Progesterone
Progesteron
C Luteinising hormone
Hormon peluteinan
D Follicle stimulating hormone
Hormon perangsang folikel
SULIT 27
43 The diagram shows the secretion of two types of hormones during the menstrual cycle
in a female.
Rajah menunjukkan rembesan dua jenis hormon semasa kitar haid seorang perempuan.
Hormone level
Aras hormon
Hormone J
Hormon J
Hormone K
Hormon K
0 7 14 21 28 Time (day)
Masa (hari)
Which of the following statements are correct ?

Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah benar ?
I A drop in the level of hormone J induces a drop in the level of hormone K

Penurunan aras hormon J merangsang penurunan aras hormon K
II A rise in the level of hormone K stimulates ovulation
Peningkatan aras hormon K merangsang pengovulan
III A drop in the level of hormone K stimulates menstruation
Penurunan aras hormon K merangsang haid
IV A rise in the level of hormone J repairs the endometrium lining
Peningkatan aras hormon J merangsang pembaikan lapisan endometrium
A I and II
I dan II
B I and IV
I dan IV
C II and III
II dan III
D III and IV
III dan IV
SULIT 28
44 The diagram shows the longitudinal section of a shoot tip.

Rajah menunjukkan keratan memanjang hujung pucuk.
Zone I
Zone II
Zone III
Zone IV
Which zone undergoes elongation?

Zon manakah yang menjalani pemanjangan?
A Zone IV
Zon IV
B Zone III
Zon III
C Zone II
Zon II
D Zone I
Zon I
SULIT 29
45 The graph shows a sigmoid growth curve.

Graf menunjukkan lengkung pertumbuhan sigmoid.
Weight (kg)
Berat (kg) P Q R S
Time (week)
Masa (minggu)
Which statements about the growth are true?
Pernyataan yang manakah benar tentang pertumbuhan tersebut?
I The growth rate is fastest at Q
Kadar pertumbuhan adalah paling cepat di Q
II The growth rate is slowest at R
Kadar pertumbuhan adalah paling perlahan di R
III The growth rate decreases at S
Kadar pertumbuhan menurun di S
IV The growth rate is constant at P
Kadar pertumbuhan adalah malar di P
A I and III
I dan III
B I and IV
I dan IV
C I, II and III
I, II dan III
D I, III and IV
I, III dan IV
SULIT 30
46 Which of the following are characteristics of plants that undergo secondary growth?
Antara berikut, yang manakah ciri-ciri tumbuhan yang mengalami pertumbuhan
sekunder?
I The stem is big and thick
Batang pokok besar dan tebal
II The stem is woody
Batang pokok berkayu
III The growth rings are not clear
Gelang pertumbuhan tidak jelas
IV Cork is present in the stem
Gabus terdapat dalam batang pokok
A I and II
B III and IV
C I, II and IV
D I, II, III and IV
47 The diagram shows genes carried on a pair of homologous chromosomes.

Rajah menunjukkan gen pada sepasang kromosom homolog.
P p
Q q
R r
S R
What does Q and q represent?

Apakah yang diwakili oleh Q dan q?
A Homozygous alleles
Alel homozigot
B Heterozygous alleles
Alel heterozigot
C Linked genes
Gen terangkai
D Recessive alleles
Alel resesif
SULIT 31
48 Which of the following shows the correct sequence of the early development of a
zygote?
Antara berikut yang manakah menunjukkan turutan yang betul bagi perkembangan
awal zigot?
A Blastocyst → foetus → morula

Blastosista → fetus → morula
B Morula → foetus → blastocyst
Morula → fetus → blastosista
C Foetus → morula → blastocyst
Fetus → morula → blastosista
D Morula → blastocyst → foetus
Morula → blastosista → fetus
49 Which of the following statements about continuous variation is not true?

Antara berikut, kenyataan manakah yang tidak benar tentang variasi selanjar?
A It has intermediate characters
Mempunyai ciri-ciri perantaraan
B The characters can be measured
Ciri-ciri boleh diukur
C It is not affected by the environment
Tidak dipengaruhi oleh persekitaran
D It is controlled by a large number of genes
Dikawal oleh banyak gen
SULIT 32
50 A person with Down’s Syndrome is born with 47 chromosomes in each of his/her cells,
instead of 46 chromosomes.
Seorang individu yang menghidap Sindrom Down dilahirkan dengan 47 kromosom
dalam setiap selnya, bukan 46 kromosom.
Which of the following can cause this?

Antara berikut, yang manakah boleh menyebabkan keadaan ini?
A Chromosomal mutation happened during the production of the egg cell or sperm
Mutasi kromosom berlaku semasa penghasilan sel telur atau sperma
B More than one sperm fused with one egg during fertilisation
Lebih daripada satu sperma telah mensenyawakan satu telur semasa
persenyawaan
C Radiation caused a change in the structure of the sperm
Radiasi telah menyebabkan perubahan struktur sperma
D The mother was exposed to harmful chemicals during pregnancy
Ibu telah terdedah kepada bahan kimia berbahaya semasa mengandung
SULIT 1
NO. KAD PENGENALAN

NO. MAKTAB
4551/2
Biologi
Kertas 2
September
2009
2 ½ Jam
BIOLOGY
Paper 2
Tow hours and thirty minutes
4
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU
5
5
1
2 1. Tulis nombor kad pengenalan dan Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa
nombor maktab anda pada ruangan Kod Pemeriksa :
yang disediakan.
2. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam Bahagian Soalan Markah Markah
dwibahasa. Penuh Diperoleh
3. Soalan dalam bahasa Inggeris 1 12
mendahului soalan yang sepadan 2 12
dalam bahasa Melayu.
A 3 12
4. Calon dibenarkan menjawab
keseluruhan atau sebahagian soalan 4 12
sama ada dalam bahasa Inggeris 5 12
atau bahasa Melayu. 6 20
5. Calon dikehendaki membaca
7 20
maklumat di halaman belakang
kertas soalan ini. B 8 20
9 20
Jumlah
SULIT 2
Section A
Bahagian A
[60 marks]
[60 markah]
Answer all questions in this section

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini
1. Diagram 1.1 shows the arrangement of bones of one appendicular skeleton.

Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan susunan tulang-tulang pada suatu rangka apendaj.
Move upwards
Bergerak ke atas Triceps muscle
Otot triseps
Diagram 1.1
Rajah 1.1
(a) On Diagram 1.1, complete and label the drawing to show the muscle and
tendon that enable the forearm to move in the direction shown.
Pada Rajah 1.1, lengkapkan lukisan untuk menunjukkan otot dan tendon yang
membolehkan anggota hadapan bergerak ke arah yang ditunjukkan.
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
(b) Name the structure:
Namakan struktur:
S: ...........................................................................................................................
T: ...........................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
SULIT 3
(c) Explain why muscle contraction needs more blood supply.

Terangkan mengapa pengecutan otot memerlukan lebih banyak bekalan darah.
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
(d) Diagram 1.2 shows locomotion in a grasshopper.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan pergerakan seekor belalang.
Extensor
Ekstensor
Flexor
Fleksor
Diagram 1.2 / Rajah 1.2
(i) Based on Diagram 1.2, explain the action of the leg muscle during
jumping.
Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2, terangkan tindakan otot kaki semasa
melompat.
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
[ 3 marks ]
[ 3 markah ]
SULIT 4
Situation
Situasi
The hind leg muscle of a grasshopper is injured.
Otot kaki belakang seekor belalang telah tercedera.
(ii) Based on Diagram 1.2 and the information above, explain how this
affects the jumping movement.
Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2 dan maklumat yang diberikan, terangkan
bagaimana ia mempengaruhi lompatan belalang tersebut.
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
[ 3 marks ]
[ 3 markah ]
SULIT 5
2. Diagram 2.1 shows the structure of the plasma membrane that is involved in the
movement of substances.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan struktur membran plasma yang terlibat dalam pergerakan
bahan-bahan.
Calcium ion
Ion kalsium Glucose
Outside
Glukosa
the cell
Di luar
M
sel
Inside ATP
the cell
Di dalam
sel
Diagram 2.1
Rajah 2.1
(a) Based on Diagram 2.1, label structure :

Berdasarkan Rajah 2.1, label struktur :
L : ........................................................
M : .......................................................
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(b) State one property of:
Nyatakan satu sifat pada:
(i) The plasma membrane in Diagram 2.1.

Membran plasma dalam Rajah 2.1.
...................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) The molecules that can pass through structure L by simple diffusion
based on Diagram 2.1.
Molekul yang boleh merentasi struktur L secara resapan ringkas
berdasarkan Rajah 2.1.
...................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
SULIT 6
(c) Based on Diagram 2.1, explain how glucose and calcium ions are transported
across the plasma membrane into the cell.
Berdasarkan Rajah 2.1, terangkan bagaimana glukosa dan ion kalsium
diangkut merentasi membran plasma ke dalam sel.
(i) Glucose
Glukosa
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(ii) Calcium ions
Ion kalsium
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
SULIT 7
(d) Refering to the movement of substances across the plasma membrane:

Merujuk kepada pergerakan bahan-bahan merentasi membran plasma:
Tap water
Air paip After being immersed for
2 hours
Chilly is cut Selepas direndam selama
halfway 2 jam
longitudinally
Bahagian cili Final observation
yang dipotong
Initial observation Pemerhatian akhir
memanjang
Pemerhatian awal
(i) Explain the observation based on Diagram 2.2.

Terangkan pemerhatian berdasarkan Rajah 2.2.
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(ii) Based on Diagram 2.3, explain why salted fish can be stored for 3
months.
Berdasarkan Rajah 2.3, terangkan mengapa ikan masin boleh disimpan
selama 3 bulan.
Concentrated salt After being immersed

solution for 2 weeks
Larutan garam Selepas direndam
pekat selama 2 minggu Salted fish
Ikan masin
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
SULIT 8
3. Diagram 3.1 shows the amount of energy released during two types of respiration
P and R.
Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan jumlah tenaga yang dibebaskan semasa dua jenis respirasi,
P dan R.
Amount of energy
released (kJ)
Jumlah tenaga yang
dibebaskan (kJ)
2898
150
Types of respiration
P R Jenis respirasi
Diagram 3.1
Rajah 3.1
(a) State the type of respiration in:

Nyatakan jenis respirasi dalam:
P :………………………………………………………………………………………
R :……………………………………………………………………………………...
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
(b) Based on Diagram 3.1, explain why the amount of energy released during R is
very much greater than during P.
Berdasarkan Diagram 3.1, terangkan mengapa jumlah tenaga yang dibebaskan
semasa R lebih tinggi daripada semasa P.
……………………………………….…………………………….…………………..
……………………………………….………………………………….……………..
………………………………………………………………………………………...
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
SULIT 9
(c) Diagram 3.2 shows the respiratory structure of organism X and Y.

Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan struktur respirasi organisma X dan Y.
Organism X Organism Y
Organisma X Organisma Y
Diagram 3.2
Rajah 3.2
(i) State one adaptation of the respiratory structure of organism X and Y.

Nyatakan satu adaptasi yang terdapat pada struktur respirasi
organisma X dan Y.
X : ………………………………………………………………………
Y : ………………………………………………………………………
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
(ii) Based on Diagram 3.2, explain the adaptation of the respiratory

structure for organisms X and Y.
Berdasarkan Rajah 3.2, terangkan adaptasi pada struktur respirasi
bagi organisma X dan Y.
X : ...........................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………
Y : …………………………………………………………………….…
.………………………………………………………………………
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
SULIT 10
(d) Diagram 3.3 shows an alveolus and blood capillaries.

Rajah 3.3 menunjukkan alveolus dan kapilari darah
Carbon monoxide
Karbon monoksida Alveolus
Alveolus
Blood capillary
Kapilari darah
Diagram 3.3
Rajah 3.3
Explain what happens if carbon monoxide gas diffuses into the blood
capillaries.
Terangkan apakah yang akan berlaku jika gas karbon monoksida meresap
ke dalam kapilari darah.
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
(e) Yeast is mixed with flour and sugar in bread making. After 30 minutes at
room temperature, the dough rises.
Semasa pembuatan roti, yis diadun dengan tepung dan gula. Doh itu
mengembang selepas dibiarkan selama 30 minit pada suhu bilik.
Explain the function of yeast in bread making.

Terangkan fungsi yis dalam proses pembuatan roti.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
SULIT 11
4. Diagram 4.1 shows a part of the circulatory system and the lymphatic system in the
human.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan sistem peredaran darah dan sistem limfa dalam manusia.
Blood capillary
Kapilari darah
Fluid Y
Bendalir Y
Vessel Z
Salur Z
Diagram 4.1
Rajah 4.1
(a) (i) Name the structure labelled X.

Namakan struktur berlabel X.
...................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(ii) State the function of X.
Nyatakan fungsi X.
...................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
SULIT 12
(b) Explain how fluid Y is formed.

Terangkan bagaimana bendalir Y terbentuk.
...............................................................................................................................
…...........................................................................................................................
…………………………………………………………………………………...
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
(c) If structure X is infected by the parasitic worm, Filaria sp., explain the effect
to the tissues that are surrounded by the blood capillaries.
Jika struktur X telah dijangkiti oleh cacing parasit Filaria sp., terangkan
apakah kesannya ke atas tisu yang dikelilingi oleh kapilari darah.
...............................................................................................................................
…...........................................................................................................................
…………………………………………………………………………………...
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
(d) (i) Name the blood vessel that receives fluid from vessel Z.
Namakan salur darah yang menerima bendalir dari salur Z.
.........................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(ii) Explain how the fluid in vessel Z is able to reach the blood vessels in (d)(i).
Terangkan bagaimana bendalir di dalam salur Z boleh sampai ke salur
darah di (d)(i).
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
[ 3 marks ]
[ 3 markah ]
SULIT 13
(e) A boy had a cut on his leg and was infected by bacteria. Explain why the
lymph nodes in his groin region became swollen.
Seorang budak lelaki telah luka pada bahagian kaki dan mendapat jangkitan
bakteria. Terangkan mengapa nodus limfa di pangkal peha beliau menjadi
bengkak.
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
SULIT 14
5. Diagram 5.1 shows two varieties of papaya, Malaysian papaya and Hawaiian papaya.
In both varieties, the dominant trait is homozygous. The cross breed between both
varieties produces a new variety, the Exotica.
Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan dua varieti betik, betik Malaysia dan betik Hawaii. Dalam
kedua-dua varieti, trait dominan ialah homozigot. Kacukan silang antara kedua-dua
varieti menghasilkan varieti baru betik.
Mesocarp
Mesokarp Mesocarp
Seeds Mesokarp
Biji X Seeds
Biji
Malaysian papaya Hawaiian papaya
Betik Malaysia Betik Hawaii
Key:
Kekunci:
R – Dominant allele for thick

mesocarp
Alel dominan untuk
mesokarp tebal
T – Dominant allele for less
seeds
Exotica papaya Alel dominan untuk
Betik Exotica bilangan biji yang sedikit

(a) State one characteristic of papaya shown in Diagram 5.1.
Nyatakan satu ciri buah betik yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 5.1.
………………………………..……………………..…………………………
[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 markah ]
(b) Based on Diagram 5.1, explain how the new variety, Exotica is produced.
Berdasarkan Rajah 5.1, terangkan bagaimana varieti baru, Exotica
dihasilkan.
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
[ 3 marks ]
[ 3 markah ]
SULIT 15
(c) A papaya farmer wants to produce a large number of Exotica papaya in the
shortest time possible. State the best technique to be used by the farmer. What
is the genetic advantage of using this technique?
Seorang peladang betik ingin menghasilkan betik Exotica dalam kuantiti yang
banyak dalam masa yang singkat. Nyatakan teknik yang terbaik yang boleh
digunakan oleh peladang tersebut. Apakah kelebihan menggunakan teknik ini
dari segi genetik?
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks ]
[ 2 markah ]
(d) Diagram 5.2 shows two homologous chromosomes M and N in Exotica papaya.
Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan dua kromosom homolog M dan N dalam betik Exotica.
R r
T t
Chromosome M Chromosome N
Kromosom M Kromosom N
Diagram 5.2
Rajah 5.2
(i) Draw the gametes of the parent in Malaysian papaya and Hawaiian papaya to
produce the Exotica papaya.
Lukiskan gamet induk daripada betik Malaysia dan betik Hawaii yang akan
menghasilkan betik Exotica.
Malaysian papaya Hawaiian papaya

Betik Malaysia Betik Hawaii
[ 3 marks ]
[ 3 markah ]
SULIT 16
(ii) Draw a schematic diagram to show how thick mesocarp and less seeds is
produced in Exotica papaya.
Lukiskan rajah skema untuk menunjukkan bagaimana mesokarp yang tebal
dan kurang biji dihasilkan dalam betik Exotica.
[ 3 marks ]
[ 3 markah ]
SULIT 17
Section B
Bahagian B
[20 marks
20 markah]
Answer any two questions.

Jawab mana-mana dua soalan.
6. Diagram 6.1 shows the longitudinal section of a root and Diagram 6.2 shows one stage
from the process of cell division in the root.
Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan keratan memanjang akar dan Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan satu
peringkat daripada proses pembahagian sel yang berlaku di akar.
Zone R
Zon R
Zone Q
Zon Q
Zone P
Zon P
Root cap
Jidal akar
Diagram 6.1 Diagram 6.2
Rajah 6.1 Rajah 6.2
(a) Describe the stage of cell division in Diagram 6.2.

Huraikan peringkat pembahagian sel di dalam Rajah 6.2.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(b) Based on Diagram 6.1, explain the growth process of the root in Zone P, Q
and R.
Berdasarkan Rajah 6.1, terangkan proses pertumbuhan akar di Zon P, Q
dan R.
[6 marks]
[6 markah]
SULIT 18
(c) Diagram 6.3 shows the stages in Mitosis and Diagram 6.4 shows the stages in
Meiosis I, both in plants.
Rajah 6.3 menunjukkan peringkat-peringkat Mitosis dan Rajah 6.4
menunjukkan peringkat-peringkat Meiosis I, kedua-duanya dalam tumbuhan.
Diagram 6.3
Rajah 6.3
Diagram 6.4
Rajah 6.4
Describe four similarities and six differences between Diagram 6.3 and
Diagram 6.4.
Huraikan empat persamaan dan enam perbezaan antara Rajah 6.3 dan Rajah 6.4.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
SULIT 19
7. (a) Diagram 7.1 shows a cross section of an ovary.

Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan keratan rentas ovari.
Primary follicle
Folikel primer
Diagram 6.3
Rajah 6.3
Structure X
Struktur X
Diagram 7.1
Rajah 7.1
Explain the formation of structure X.

Terangkan pembentukan struktur X.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
SULIT 20
(b) Diagram 7.2 shows a longitudinal section of the reproductive parts of a flower
during fertilisation and the fruit produced after two weeks.
Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan keratan memanjang bahagian pembiakan bunga
semasa persenyawaan dan buah yang terbentuk selepas dua minggu.
Pollen grain
Debunga
Seed
Biji benih
After two weeks

Ovary Selepas dua minggu
Ovari
Diagram 7.2
Rajah 7.2
Based on Diagram 7.2 describe the formation of multiple seeds in an ovary.

Berdasarkan Rajah 7.2 huraikan pembentukan biji benih yang banyak dalam
suatu ovari.
[6 marks]
[6 markah]
SULIT 21
(c) Diagram 7.3 shows the process involved in the development of the embryo sac.
Rajah 7.3 menunjukkan proses yang terlibat dalam pembentukan pundi
embrio.
Diploid megaspore
Megaspora diploid
Mitosis
Mitosis
Embryo sac
Pundi embrio
Diagram 7.3
Rajah 7.3
Based on Diagram 7.3, describe the process shown.

Berdasarkan Rajah 7.3, huraikan proses yang ditunjukkan.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
SULIT 22
8. (a) Diagram 8.1 and Diagram 8.2 show children taking in unbalanced daily meals.
Rajah 8.1 and Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan kanak-kanak sedang mengambil
makanan yang tidak seimbang.
Ice cream
Fried chicken
Ais krim
Ayam goreng
Diagram 8.1 Diagram 8.2

Rajah 8.1 Rajah 8.2
Discuss the effects of the excessive intake of the foods shown over a long
period of time.
Bincangkan kesan pengambilan makanan seperti yang ditunjukkan untuk
jangkamasa yang lama.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
SULIT 23
(b) Table 8.1 shows the suitable nutrient intake for a normal female, a pregnant
woman and a female athlete.
Jadual 8.1 menunjukkan nutrisi yang sesuai untuk seorang wanita biasa,
wanita mengandung dan ahli sukan wanita.
Nutrient Normal female Pregnant woman Female athlete

Nutrien Wanita biasa Wanita mengandung Ahli sukan wanita
Carbohydrates (cal)
2200 3000 3500
Karbohidrat (cal)
Protein (g)
50 90 74
Protein (g)
Vitamin D (mg)
5 12.5 8.3
Vitamin D (mg)
Vitamin E (mg)
10 15 10
Vitamin E (mg)
Vitamin C (mg)
60 60 100
Vitamin C (mg)
Vitamin B (mg)
2 2.1 5
Vitamin B (mg)
Calcium (mg)
800 1000 1200
Kalsium (mg)
Zinc (mg)
15 15 25
Zink (mg)
Table 8
Jadual 8
Based on your biological knowledge and Table 8, explain the importance of the
main nutrien
Berdasarkan pengetahuan biologi dan Jadual 8, terangkan kepentingan nutrient
utama untuk:
(i) Pregnant woman

Wanita mengandung
(ii) Athlete
Ahli sukan
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
SULIT 24
9. Diagram 9 shows various human activities.

Rajah 9 menunjukkan pelbagai aktiviti manusia.
Glass building
Factory Bangunan berkaca
Kilang
Bangunan
Logging activities
Vehicle Aktiviti pembalakan
Kenderaan
Diagram 9
Rajah 9
(a) Glass buildings may be the cause of a certain type of pollution.

Based on Diagram 9, describe how other human activities contribute to the
same type of pollution.
Bangunan berkaca boleh menyebabkan satu jenis pencemaran.
Berdasarkan Rajah 9, huraikan bagaimana aktiviti-aktiviti manusia boleh
menyumbang kepada jenis pencemaran yang sama.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
(b) Explain the effects of global warming to the environment. If you are an officer
in the Ministry Of Environment, suggest ways to reduce this problem.
Terangkan kesan pemanasan global kepada alam sekitar. Jika anda adalah
seorang pegawai di dalam Kementerian Alam Sekitar, cadangkan kaedah
untuk mengurangkan masalah ini.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
SULIT 25
SPACE FOR ANSWERS For

examiner’s
use
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SULIT 26

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SULIT 27

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SULIT 28

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SULIT 29

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SULIT 4551/3
NO. KAD PENGENALAN

NO. MAKTAB
4551/3
Biologi
Kertas 3
September
2009
1 ½ Jam
BIOLOGY
Paper 3
One hour and thirty minutes
4
5
5 JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU
1
3 1. Tulis nombor kad pengenalan dan
nombor maktab anda pada Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa
ruangan yang disediakan. Kod Pemeriksa :
2. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam
Markah Markah
dwibahasa. Soalan
3. Soalan dalam bahasa Inggeris Penuh Diperoleh
mendahului soalan yang sepadan 1 33
dalam bahasa Melayu. 2 17
4. Calon dibenarkan menjawab Jumlah 50
keseluruhan atau sebahagian
soalan sama ada dalam bahasa
Inggeris atau bahasa Melayu.
5. Calon dikehendaki membaca
maklumat di halaman belakang
kertas soalan ini.
4551/3 © 2009 Hak Cipta Bahagian Pendidikan &Latihan (Menengah) MARA SULIT
SULIT 2
Answer all questions.

Jawab semua soalan
1. A group of students carried out an experiment to investigate the effect of the altitude of
the area on the length of the pea pods. The pea plants were grown in highland and
lowland areas.
Sekumpulan pelajar telah menjalankan kajian untuk mengkaji kesan altitud sesuatu
kawasan terhadap panjang buah kacang. Pokok kacang tersebut ditanam di kawasan
tanah tinggi dan kawasan tanah rendah.
Diagram 1 shows an example of how the length of a pea pod was measured.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan contoh bagaimana ukuran panjang buah kacang diambil.
75mm Ruler
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pembaris
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
Table 1 (a) shows five pea pods obtained from pea plants cultivated in a highland area.
Jadual 1 (a) menunjukkan lima buah kacang yang diperoleh dari pokok kacang yang
ditanam di kawasan tanah tinggi.
Area Pea pods Length (mm)

Kawasan buah kacang Panjang (mm)
1 3 4 6 8
Highland
Tanah
tinggi A
……………...
B
……………...
C
……………...
D
……………...
E
……….…….
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Table 1 (a) / Jadual 1(a)
[ Lihat Sebelah
SULIT 3
Table 1 (b) shows five pea pods obtained from pea plants cultivated in a lowland area.
For
Jadual 1 (b) menunjukkan lima buah kacang yang diperoleh dari pokok kacang yang examiner’s
ditanam di kawasan tanah rendah. use
Area Pea pods Length (mm)

Kawasan Buah kacang Panjang (mm)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Lowland
Tanah
rendah
P ……………...
Q ……………...
R ……………...
S
……………...
T
……….…….
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Table 1 (b)
Jadual 1 (b)
(a) Record the length of each pea pod in Table 1(a) and Table 1 (b)
Catatkan panjang setiap buah kacang dalam Jadual 1(a) dan Jadual 1(b).
[3 marks]
[3 markah] 3
[ Lihat Sebelah
SULIT 4
(b) (i) State one observation that can be made each from Table 1 (a) and Table 1 (b). For
examiner’s
Nyatakan satu pemerhatian yang boleh dibuat daripada setiap Jadual 1(a) use
dan Jadual 1(b).
Observation 1:
Pemerhatian 1:
….....……………………………………………….……………………….…..
………………………………………………………….………………………
Observation 2:
Pemerhatian 2:
…………………..…………………………………..…………………………
……………………..…………..………………………………………………
[3 marks]
[3 markah] 3
(ii) State the inference for each observation made in (b) (i).
Nyatakan inferens daripada setiap pemerhatian di (b) (i).
Inference for observation 1:

Inferens untuk pemerhatian 1:
…………………...……………….….…………………..……………..……
………………………..………………………………………………………
Inference for observation 2:

Inferens untuk pemerhatian 2:
…………………………………. …….………………..……...……………..
…..……………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]
[3 markah] 3
[ Lihat Sebelah
SULIT 5
(c) Complete Table 2 based on this experiment. For

Lengkapkan Jadual 2 berdasarkan eksperimen ini. examiner’s
use
Variables Method to handle the variable

Pemboleh ubah Cara mengendali pembolehubah
Manipulated variable:
Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasi:
……………………………….... …………………………………..……..
………………………………… ……………….…………………………
………………………………… …..……………………………………
Responding variable:
Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas:
……………………………….... …………………………………….....…
………………………………… ………………………………..………
………………………………… …………………………………………
Constant variable:
Pemboleh ubah dimalarkan:
……………………………….... ……………………………………….…
………………………………… ………………………………..………
………………………………… …………………………………………
Table 2
Jadual 2
[3 marks]
[3 markah] 3
(d) State the hypothesis for this experiment.

Nyatakan hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]
[3 markah] 3
[ Lihat Sebelah
SULIT 6
(e) (i) Based on Table 1 (a) and Table 1 (b), construct a table and record the data For
obtained from this experiment. examiner’s
use
Berdasarkan Jadual 1(a) dan Jadual 1 (b), bina satu jadual dan rekodkan
data yang diperoleh dari eksperimen ini.
Your table should have the following aspects:

Jadual anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut:
Altitude of the area

Altitud kawasan
Total length of the pea pods

Jumlah panjang semua kacang
Average length of the pea pods

Purata panjang kacang
[3 marks]
[3 markah] 3
[ Lihat Sebelah
SULIT 7
(ii) Use the graph below to answer this question. For

examiner’s
Gunakan graf di bawah untuk menjawab soalan ini. use
Using the data in (e) (i), draw a bar chart to show the relationship between the
altitude of the area and the average length of the pea pods.
Dengan menggunakan data dalam (e) (i), lukis carta bar untuk menunjukkan
hubungan antara altitud kawasan dengan purata panjang kacang.
[3 marks]
[3 markah] 3
[ Lihat Sebelah
SULIT 8
(f) Based on the bar chart in (e) (ii), explain the relationship between the average For
examiner’s
length of the pea pods and the altitude of the area where the pea plants were use
planted.
Berdasarkan kepada carta bar di (e) (ii), terangkan hubungan antara purata
panjang kacang dan altitud kawasan di mana pokok kacang ditanam.
…………………..…………..……………………………………………….…….....
………………………………………………………………………………………...
………………………………………………………………………………………...
[3 marks]
[3 markah] 3
(g) Based on the experiment, define the term variation.

Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, berikan definisi variasi.
……………………………………………..…………………………………….........
………………………………………..……………………………………..………...
…………………………………………..…………………………………….………
[3 marks]
[3 markah] 3
(h) If the plants from the lowland area are planted in a dark room in the laboratory for
one month, predict the average length of the pea pods that will be obtained. Explain
your prediction.
Jika pokok kacang dari kawasan tanah rendah ditanam dalam bilik gelap makmal
selama satu bulan, ramalkan purata panjang kacang yang akan diperoleh .
Terangkan ramalan anda.
…………………..………….……..…………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………...
………………………………………………………………………………………...
[3 marks]
[3 markah] 3
[ Lihat Sebelah
SULIT 9
(i) The following is a list of biotic and abiotic factors. For

examiner’s
Berikut ialah senarai faktor-faktor biosis dan abiosis use
Water content, temperature, sunlight, caterpillar,

magnesium ions, pea plants, aphids.
Kandungan air , suhu, cahaya matahari, beluncas,
ion magnesium, pokok kacang pea, kutu daun.
Classify these factors in Table 4.

Klasifikasikan faktor-faktor ini dalam Jadual 4
Biotic factors Abiotic factors

Faktor biosis Faktor abiosis
Table 4
Jadual 4
[3 marks]
[3 markah] 3
[ Lihat Sebelah
SULIT 10
2. The Diagram 2 shows the formation of simpler molecules from carbohydrates

contained in rice.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan pembentukan molekul yang lebih ringkas daripada molekul
karbohidrat yang terkandung dalam nasi.
Salivary amylase
Amilase dalam air liur
Simpler molecules
Molekul ringkas
Carbohydrate
Karbohidrat
Diagram 2
Rajah 2
By using the above information, plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the

action of salivary enzyme on rice.
Dengan menggunakan maklumat di atas, rancang suatu eksperimen makmal untuk
menyiasat tindakan enzim di dalam air liur terhadap nasi.
The planning of your experiment must include the following aspects:

Perancangan eksperimen anda harus merangkumi aspek-aspek berikut:
• Problem statement
Pernyataan masalah
• Aim of investigation
Objektif kajian
• Hypothesis
Hipotesis
• Variables
Pembolehubah
• List of apparatus and materials
Senarai radas dan bahan
• Technique used
Teknik yang digunakan
• Experimental procedure or method
Kaedah atau prosedur eksperimen
• Presentation of data
Persembahan data
• Conclusion
Kesimpulan
[17 marks]
[17 markah]
END OF QUESTION PAPER
KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
[ Lihat Sebelah
SULIT 11

examiner’s
use
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[ Lihat Sebelah
SULIT 12

examiner’s
use
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[ Lihat Sebelah
SULIT 13

examiner’s
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[ Lihat Sebelah
SULIT 14

examiner’s
use
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[ Lihat Sebelah

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Nama :------------------------------------------------- Kelas : ---------------

MAKTAB RENDAH SAINS MARA

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa

3. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman belakang kertas soalan inI

1 The diagram shows a typical cell.

2 Which of the following are plant organs?

3 The diagram shows an animal cell.

Which of the following statements is true about structure X?

4 Which of the following solutions has the lowest osmotic pressure?

5 The diagram shows diffusion in potato cells.

What is solution X and solution Y ?

6 The diagram shows three types of protein structure.

Which of the following is the correct example ?

7 The diagram shows the synthesis of an enzyme in a cell.

8 The diagram shows part of the contents of a cell nucleus.

9 The diagram shows the different stages of mitosis.

Arrange the diagrams in the correct sequence.

10 The diagram shows the homologous chromosomes in organisms P and Q before

11 The diagram shows the molecular structure of three food classes.

Which food classes do X, Y and Z belong to?

13 The diagram represents a chemical equation for digestion.

P + Water Sucrase Glucose + Q

What are P and Q ?

Menu 1 Menu 2 Menu 3 Menu 4

Satay Nasi lemak Roti canai Steamed fish

15 The diagram shows a longitudinal section of a villus.

Which of the following nutrients are found in P?

16 The following information shows the effects of macronutrient deficiency in plants.

• Reduced protein synthesis

What is the macronutrient ?

17 The following statements refer to stage X during photosynthesis.

• Hydrogen ions are produced

What is the energy value of the peanut ?

What are X and Y?

22 The diagram shows paddy plants in a paddy field.

What are the products of respiration in the leaves and roots?

Products of respiration in leaves Products of respiration in roots

23 Which of the following organisms is a parasite?

26 The chart shows the pathway of nitrogen cycle in leguminous plants.

Organic nitrogen in animals

What are processes J, K and L?

27 In an experiment to determine the Biochemical Oxygen Demand, a sample of lake water

I The water is polluted

28 Which of the following are the effects of ozone depletion?

29 The diagram shows organism X and organism Y.

How do both organisms adapt themselves to transport substances efficiently

30 The diagram shows a longitudinal section of the human heart.

31 The schematic diagram shows an incomplete mechanism of blood clotting.

What are P and Q?

32 The diagram shows a stomata.

33 The diagram shows the bones of a human.

Which of the following forms a ball and socket joint?

34 The diagram shows a fish swimming.

Left Right Left Right

Left Right Left Right

35 The diagram shows a motor neuron.

What is the function of the structure labelled X?

38 Which is not a reason for why plants need support?

39 The formation of urine involves the following processes except

40 Which of the following is not a function of auxins?

41 The diagram shows part of spermatogenesis.

Germinal epithelial cells

Which of the following is true about process X, cell P and process Y?