Professional Documents
Culture Documents
HARVESTING
With environmental issues such as climate change, environmental degradation, and resource depletion,
saving natural resources and reducing environmental impacts have become our overriding concern.
In this situation, water is one of the top global challenges we are facing at the moment.
Water is becoming an increasingly precious natural resource. So, various pertinent measures are being
taken and developed to address water availability problems globally. Among them, rainwater harvesting
R E S E A R C H E D & D E S I G N E D B Y
1 0 . N O V . 2 0 0 9
CONDENSATION
EVAPORATION PRECIPITATION
97%
WATER CYCLE
THE CONTINUOUS MOVEMENT OF WATER ON, ABOVE AND BELOW
3%
SEA WATER
FRESH WATER
SNOW & ICE 68.5%
THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH. THERE IS NO BEGINNING OR END UNDERGROUND WATER 30.1%
LAKES & STREAMS 1.2%
WATER VAPOR 0.2%
SEWAGE
- GREYWATER
coming from bathtubs,
showers, sinks, and
SEWAGE washing machines
TREATMENT - BLACKWATER
coming from toilets
97%
SEA WATER
3%
FRESH WATER
SNOW & ICE 68.5%
UNDERGROUND WATER 30.1%
LAKES & STREAMS 1.2%
WATER VAPOR 0.2%
Water is an essential source of our life
Whilst we appear to have an abundant water supply 97%
of the 1.4 billion cubic kilometres of water on Earth is
sea-water, 2.7% of the remaining 3% is permanently
bound up in ice at the poles. This leaves only 0.3% of
the Earth’s water resources as usable fresh water.
This available water moves in a permanent cycle through
WATER SUPPLY FACILITY MAINS WATER evaporation and rainfall, which is ‘the water cycle’.
There are also problems with the quality of drinking water
as increasing water pollution caused by nitrates, phos-
phates, pesticides and other chemical substances is
making purification increasingly difficult and expensive.
Scarcity of usable fresh water, water contamination, and
environemental impact of supplying fresh water are our
* WATER RECYCLING
Reuse of treated used water challenges in relation to water. Rainwater harvesting could
SEWAGE
- GREYWATER be employed to help alleviate these challenges.
coming from bathtubs,
showers, sinks, and
washing machines
SEWAGE - BLACKWATER *reference_homepage of Freewater UK Ltd, which is one of UK’s leading
TREATMENT coming from toilets companies in the field of rainwater and greywater system technology
CATCH!
ENERGY
WATER CONSUMPTION
FALLING
33% TOILET FLUSHING
12% LAUNDRY
8% GARDEN, CAR
FROM
*47% MAINS WATER
PERSONAL WASHING(25%)
DRINKING/FOOD PREPARATION(10%)
WASHING UP(12%)
HEAVEN
Rainharvesting contributes to maximizing
efficiency in the use of limited water resource AVERAGE ANNUAL
PRECIPITATION
The avergae Britisih household uses around 150 litres of OF ENGLAND
water a day, but as little 50% of it needs to be of potable
quality, for the preparation of food and drinks at the mm
development.
does not require high quality potable water. In fact, it is obvious waste
and unreasonable that mains water, costing carbon emissions and
environmental impacts in the process of cleaning and transportation,
is used for that use.
T O O
MUCH
“Our water deserves
more than excrement”
TOILET DOES NOT After going through over 20 steps of
NEED HIGH QUALITY meticulous purification treatment,
DRINKING WATER undertaking more than 250 quaility tests,
RAINWATER
and running through 150 miles of aqueducts
and pipework, 60% of London’s fresh water
CAN SUBSTITUTE supply only ends up in lavatories.
T O O
MUCH
PROPOSED PLAN_1
RAINWATER
CAN SUBSTITUTE
PROPOSED PLAN_2
PROPOSED PLAN_3
Basically, the amount of collecting-possible rainwater is determined by the size of the roof or
the area exposed to rain, other than the precipitation and the capability of storage tank.
In practice, most domestic roof areas are too small to satisfy all this potential demand. So, it is important
to expand the area exposed to rain or to add projections in order to collect rainwater as much as possible.
THE BASIC FORM
OF BUILDINGS
TRANSFORMATION
Various transformed shapes to
collect rainwater at maximum
by expanded area exposed to rain
PROPOSALS
* Hypothetical example
Spreaded slope
temporarily
during rainning
10
2
(unit:m)
TOP VIEW
original area_20X10=200
8 expanded area_(30X10)+(2X8)=316
* Application_1
A way of connencting the umbrella with a plastic container.
This inverted umbrella allows rain falling upon it to be collected.
This water flows down through holes on the hollow rod It is needed to be longer for
and then is stored in the plastic container. tightening the umbrella with the tank