THE

PHYSIOLOGY
OF
IMMUNITY
_______________________

Delfin Arnel D. Razon, MD., DPBA

Department of Medical Physiology
Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila
College of Medicine
 Cells Mediating the Immune
Response:
Leukocytes
granulocytes
monocytes
lymphocytes
B cells
T cells
cytotoxic T cells
helper T cells
suppressor T cells
NK cells
Plasma cells
Macrophages
Mast cells
 IMMUNE SYSTEM

Innate immunity Acquired immunity

defences at body surfaces
phagocytosis Humoral Immunity
inflammation Cellular Immunity
complement activation
 PHAGOCYTOSIS
• 3 Important Cells
1. Neutrophils
Circulating pool
Marginated pool
.respiratory burst
.signal transduction/stimulus response
coupling
2. Circulating monocytes
3. Fixed tissue macrophages
 ACUIRED IMMUNITY
(ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY)

• LYMPHOCYTES
• T-cells
• B-cells
.plasma cells
IgG IgD
IgA IgE
IgM
. NK cells

• RECEPTORS
• recognition
HUMAN T cell
 Human Immunoglobulins
Antibody Location Function
IgA Gut, respiratory tract and -prevents colonization of
urogenital tract mucosa pathogens
-localized protection in
external secretions
IgD Antigen receptor on B cells
IgE - complement fixation -binds to allergens and
majority of Ab based triggers histamine release
immunity -involved in allergy
protection vs parasitic
worms
IgG - - complement fixation
- majority of Ab based
immunity
IgM Surfaces of Bcells/secreted - Complement
form fixation
- Pathogen
elimination in early
stages of B cells
response
 T cell response
ANTIGEN PRESENTATION
• APCs
• MHCs
MHC class I- all nucleated cells of
the body
MHC class II- macrophages, macro-
phage-like cells, B cells
• MHC restrictions
Helper T cells = MHC class II restricted
Cytotoxic Tcells = MHC class I restricted
NK cells physiologic role
 CLONAL DELETION

And

CLONAL INACTIVATION
END