r

From PIO, Hqs, 3d TMRS

O THE KOREAN, United Nations Civil Assistance Commission, Korea (UNCACK), neans essential items of livelihood will be n-ovided. While UNCACK does furnish esential items of livelihood, provided for by nember-countries of the United Nations, it Jso seeks to help the Korean help himself. Close observation of economic problems n South Korea convinced UNCACK that a ontinuous dole was economically unhealthy nd would_ only add to the economic crisis acing the Koreans. To provide a market for Koreans who have purchasing power which ould help to gradually establish a stable market, UNCACK set up what they refer to s Korean employee sales stores. These tores tend to force prices on the open mrket to a reasonable level by providing umerous items which employees of the Reublic of Korea government and its agencies iay purchase at reasonable pa-ices. One such store is Korean employee sales ore number 8, opened on June 13, 1952. perated by the 3d Transportation Military ailway Service for Koreans employed by e Korean National Railroad in the Pusan ea, the store has served over 63,000 perns since opening, and in excess of 5 billion on have passed across its busy counters. With a potential of 18,000 KNR employees use the store each month, 9,000 in each ro week cycle, KESS number 8 is one of e largest of the nine stores operated by \TCACK. ' ' Col. Robert C, Ross (Fort Smith, Ark.), ector oi supply, UNCACK, originated and veloped the stores. Supplies for the ires are secured from the United States vernment, and the Korean and Japanese irkets. Most of the items of clothing are "plus and odd-sized items of Army issue, nging from the ascot tie to odd-sized nbat boots, and from military police hats WAC and nurses uniforms, the store's rcnandiss, attractively displayed, looks e bargain day in the basement of any ge chain store in the States. Colonel .Ross s that KESS number 8, for instance, has le more business in one day, from s U.S. lar exchange standpoint (6,000 won per 5. dollar), than does the average Woolrth or Nevvberry variety store in the U.S. Unbleached material which the Koreans for every purpose is purchased on the rean and Japanese markets. Food items available in the store are detely limited. Sugar and salt, available ough UNCACK supply channels, various at sauces, pickle sauces, pudding mixtures, I other such items, are secured through '. Army Quartermaster channels, and are plus to the Army's, requirements. CACK has plans for a larger selection food stuffs. i KESS number 3, a fast moving item is p flakes. Lux and Ivory Soap Flakes are i lor 3,000 won per box, or 50. cents. With h large or small box of soap flakes, the tomer is required to take one bar of ndry soap. Japanese laundry and toilet p is also available. Material moves idly, and items of clothing such as overis, jackets, shoes, etc., are purchased r.s ley is secured by the Koreans. Prices ge i'rom 2,000 won for a necktie to 75,000 i for a WAC overcoat. These prices are sptionally reasonable considering the es of the open market, and the items arc usually available on the open market. The KNR employee, or any member of family, presents his identification at a .11 building outside the main store. He already looked at the list of available is. and the cost thereof. A sales slii_ is cj out st this station, and the customer s into the store building, where he givc-s sales slip to the cashier, along with his i. The cashier counts the won, and r.tampr. sales slip. One copy is retained, and one V & r e l u r n r d in the customer, whs ive3 Scilt'S slip to a salesman, and receives his 'cliandj.se. NCACK has visions of sixty such stores a'.giiout South Korea, They are certain he power of (he stores for they have obeci prices on the open market marked n to the .iarne level as prices on similay is which the Korean employee sales c-s have for sale. Naturally, when the

an unlimited source, the .market is forced I to reduce prices to meet legitimate and govfcrnment-supported competition. Sgt. Arthur Stirrat (Cincinnati, O,), 765th Transportation Railway Shop Battalion, is the only soldier assigned to the store. The Korean manager, and other employees, of the store, are as conscientious about their work as if the store was a private enterprise in which they owned a controling interest. Capt. Francis R. Isenberg (Altoona, Pa.), G-4 liaison officer, 3d TMRS, acts in an advisory capacity. Through such facilities, UNCACK prevents widespread discontent" because of cold and hunger, and at the same time, makes it possible for the 3d TMRS, which operates the Korean National Railroad, to receive a higher level of performance and efficiency from employees' whose concern about ever present economic problems has been somewhat alleviated.

A BOOMING business is done at store No. 8 in Pusan. Operation of the stores tends to lower prices on the open Korean market. (U.S. Army photos by PFC S. W. Turner) I

SGT. DAWSON W. MERCHANT, a diver, is from two tenders as he climbs back onto pleting: a salvage job in Pusan harbor,'

A DISPLAY OF SHOES and other items of clothing are shown at a Korean employes sales store in Pusan. It is operated by the 3d TMRS with surplus goods.

THE STOKES SERVICE Korean personnel Dnly. Sgt. Arthur Stirvat is replenishing- Hie fast moving stock of a 3d TMRS store.

From PIO, Hqs, 3d TMRS

O THE KOREAN, United Nations Civil Assistance Commission, Korea (UNCACK), neans essential items of livelihood will be n-ovided. While UNCACK does furnish esential items of livelihood, provided for by nember-countries of the United Nations, it Jso seeks to help the Korean help himself. Close observation of economic problems n South Korea convinced UNCACK that a ontinuous dole was economically unhealthy nd would_ only add to the economic crisis acing the Koreans. To provide a market for Koreans who have purchasing power which ould help to gradually establish a stable market, UNCACK set up what they refer to s Korean employee sales stores. These tores tend to force prices on the open mrket to a reasonable level by providing umerous items which employees of the Reublic of Korea government and its agencies iay purchase at reasonable pa-ices. One such store is Korean employee sales ore number 8, opened on June 13, 1952. perated by the 3d Transportation Military ailway Service for Koreans employed by e Korean National Railroad in the Pusan ea, the store has served over 63,000 perns since opening, and in excess of 5 billion on have passed across its busy counters. With a potential of 18,000 KNR employees use the store each month, 9,000 in each ro week cycle, KESS number 8 is one of e largest of the nine stores operated by \TCACK. ' ' Col. Robert C, Ross (Fort Smith, Ark.), ector oi supply, UNCACK, originated and veloped the stores. Supplies for the ires are secured from the United States vernment, and the Korean and Japanese irkets. Most of the items of clothing are "plus and odd-sized items of Army issue, nging from the ascot tie to odd-sized nbat boots, and from military police hats WAC and nurses uniforms, the store's rcnandiss, attractively displayed, looks e bargain day in the basement of any ge chain store in the States. Colonel .Ross s that KESS number 8, for instance, has le more business in one day, from s U.S. lar exchange standpoint (6,000 won per 5. dollar), than does the average Woolrth or Nevvberry variety store in the U.S. Unbleached material which the Koreans for every purpose is purchased on the rean and Japanese markets. Food items available in the store are detely limited. Sugar and salt, available ough UNCACK supply channels, various at sauces, pickle sauces, pudding mixtures, I other such items, are secured through '. Army Quartermaster channels, and are plus to the Army's, requirements. CACK has plans for a larger selection food stuffs. i KESS number 3, a fast moving item is p flakes. Lux and Ivory Soap Flakes are i lor 3,000 won per box, or 50. cents. With h large or small box of soap flakes, the tomer is required to take one bar of ndry soap. Japanese laundry and toilet p is also available. Material moves idly, and items of clothing such as overis, jackets, shoes, etc., are purchased r.s ley is secured by the Koreans. Prices ge i'rom 2,000 won for a necktie to 75,000 i for a WAC overcoat. These prices are sptionally reasonable considering the es of the open market, and the items arc usually available on the open market. The KNR employee, or any member of family, presents his identification at a .11 building outside the main store. He already looked at the list of available is. and the cost thereof. A sales slii_ is cj out st this station, and the customer s into the store building, where he givc-s sales slip to the cashier, along with his i. The cashier counts the won, and r.tampr. sales slip. One copy is retained, and one V & r e l u r n r d in the customer, whs ive3 Scilt'S slip to a salesman, and receives his 'cliandj.se. NCACK has visions of sixty such stores a'.giiout South Korea, They are certain he power of (he stores for they have obeci prices on the open market marked n to the .iarne level as prices on similay is which the Korean employee sales c-s have for sale. Naturally, when the

an unlimited source, the .market is forced I to reduce prices to meet legitimate and govfcrnment-supported competition. Sgt. Arthur Stirrat (Cincinnati, O,), 765th Transportation Railway Shop Battalion, is the only soldier assigned to the store. The Korean manager, and other employees, of the store, are as conscientious about their work as if the store was a private enterprise in which they owned a controling interest. Capt. Francis R. Isenberg (Altoona, Pa.), G-4 liaison officer, 3d TMRS, acts in an advisory capacity. Through such facilities, UNCACK prevents widespread discontent" because of cold and hunger, and at the same time, makes it possible for the 3d TMRS, which operates the Korean National Railroad, to receive a higher level of performance and efficiency from employees' whose concern about ever present economic problems has been somewhat alleviated.

> t*s&~!S9Z*x v '

A BOOMING business is done at store No. 8 in Pusan. Operation of the stores tends to lower prices on the open Korean market. (U.S. Army photos by PFC S. W. Turner) I

SGT. DAWSON W. MERCHANT, a diver, is receiving assistance from two tenders as he climbs back onto a barge after completing: a salvage job in Pusan harbor,'

OR DESCENTS of less-than 40 feet, light diving gear is worn. Sgt. Matthew Y.*rmgle ,iumps wearing: the light equipment.

CPL. CLAYTON J. SHUFELT and Cpl. Donald A. Ackcrberg, lenders of the HOth Engineer Construction Company, are communicating with a diver ly means f radio. (U.S. Army uhotos by PFC Sidney W. Turner'

By PFC WILLARD F, Pacific Stars & S

HERE ARE ARMY PR] making more money than knocking down more m colonels, and one PFC wl "take home pay" for on ^than a lot of generals. All are members of tl port construction company section who daily spend thr beneath as much as .180 coastal and inland waters. Their hazard payfive results in their colossal , dime of it is "presento." Working most of the.tin is too muddy to permit visibility, the men are cons the dangers of snagged' aii heavy currents, the threa 1 debris floating benear> mechanical breakdowns wl them confined in th ir diving gear with no air. . As Army underwater sol zone they are regularly assif would turn less phlegmatic spite of the incentive of 1,1 hour. Sgt. Matthew W. I phia, Pa., has been under than once while diving in ' jin rivers. Once it occurrcc a .sunken crane from the 2,000 yards behind the UN While enemy mortar she pounded the area behind as of h i m , Pringle continued IV. pleted the job in one dive. Almost as though the r> hazardous situations rather ing conditions, they mak< throughout the year under ton Shuefelt, Sault Ste. M, "whatever conditions haprDiving at Inchon last w'iru was a meager 12 degrees ,= proved that their operatic; a twelve-month scale. Commanded by 1st. Vt. Fall River, Mass, a veterin ing in the Army and thr: currently makes its headqv A detachment of the si'vtfi H;irry A. Cn/:n, Flora, 111,, Inchon. -, The nine divers and ihr,-: section have received variety or schools. Pr ingle, learned his d i v i n g w i t h the lion b a t t a l i o n s . Sergeant c h i e f c a r p e n t e r s m a t e , and L a f o r m e r JG in the N a v y , the Navy's d i v i n g schoo, D. C. Smith served as di v ir USS Falcon, famed, for raizin Sq.u_aluoi during his naval c;

McCRACKEft :ripes Staff

.YATES in Korea majors, sergeants onthly pay than 10 collected more e month's duties le 50th Engineer 's integral diving eir working hours f-get. of Korean dollars an hour .. /cks, and not a
*'. ;ie .i|i water which i even minimum tantly exposed to -liives, fouling in . of waterlogged kp" surface and lich would leave 194' pounds of

diers in a combat 5'ned duties which persons away in e five dollars an 'ringle, Philadelenemy fire more ^he Han and Im1 while salvaging Imjin, less than MLR. l lls and artillery well as in front s work and com"Vers looked for than safe worki their descents what Cpl. Clay;ric, Mich., calls, '-> ( to be handy." er when the ah' ibo^e zero, they is are based on d E. Smith, en years div'avf, the section arters in Pusan. m , b i n d e r M/Sgt. i.-"1. . n l n l i o n e d a I; :e uniders in the ironing at a i former ?eabee, Mavy's ccnstrucCase, a former leutenant Srniih, flre products of -:-'t Washington, 12 officer on the ^ the submarine? a-eer.

JUMPING INTO Pusan harbor, (Sergeant Dawson is wearing deep sea gear for a descent of more than 40 feet. Others, such as PFC Stan Hanlon, Coatsville, Ind. who holds the unit record for total -bonuses in a month, something over $700, graduated from the Army's diving school a t Ft. Eustis, Va., Transportation Corps center. Sgt. Dawson W. Merchant is the most avid diver in the group. Apparently he has no desire to return to civilian diving near his home of Saluva, S.C., because when asked if he plans to go on diving in civilian life he answered: "I would like to go on diving," then proudly ridded, "and in the Army." Merchant; earned lus coveted ?r.lva^e class diver's badge in nine month- of "on the job training" with the 50th. The badge, a diver's deep sea helmet, embellished with K i n g Neptune's fo,rks and dolphins, is guarded by first class divers as jealously as a pilot's wings or a combat infantryman's b-idge. With harbor conditions such as they are. Merchant and. the other divers will have lota of Army assignments confronting them for a good while to., comer

A DISPLAY OF SHOES and other items of clothing are shown at a Korean employes sales store in Pusan. It is operated by the 3d TMRS with surplus goods.

THE STOKES SERVICE Korean personnel Dnly. Sgt. Arthur Stirvat is replenishing- Hie fast moving stock of a 3d TMRS store.

Daily there are new jobs, new projects, new problems confronting the divers throughout Korea. These members of t h e only army diving unit west of California will go on saving the American taxpayers millions of dollars with their salvage work. They will continue clearing harbors and searching the harbor bottoms gathering information to be used by Army engineers in mapping harbors and planning port construction. In the mornings they will dress in the heavy woolen underwear which protects them from the bitter cold water of the fall and winter seasons. Then they will slip into the waterproof, canvas covered rubber dress while tenders lace the outer p.nit and then secure the breast plate and finally the spun copper headpiece. ' . Contrary to popular belief, this helmet is made from layers of spun copper, to prevent rust, rather than from steel. The copper is equally as strong as steel, and has the additional quality of being rust resistant. Fully dressed, the diver will then ,^tep to the edge of the barge or boat from which he is working and jump into the water to begin his day's work. 'Normally - these _diyg5__>viU.. last in ths

vicinity of two hours, says Smith. "However, we have had dives lasting from ten, minutes to six hours." When the situation permits, the divers prefer to finish a specific job in just one dive. "On the longer ones, though," according to Smith, "if time and conditions will allow it, we usually take frequent breathers." The descent may take the diver just barely underwater where he will be engaged in inspecting pilings and conducting sub-surface m a i n t e n a n c e of the piers, or he may go s* deep as 300 feet. Although 300 feet is the absolute maximum depth of descent on compressed air, deeper dives have been made. Smith, Pusan diving "honcho," went beyond the limit to a depth of 320 feet on one occasion, using helium and oxygen in his tanks. Such dives are rare, however, and -are only attempted when human life is involved or for experimental purposes, and are not common with the diving section of the 50th port construction company. For communications during the dive, a two way radio "reproducer" is used by the clivers; but more than the radio, they rely on hand signals transmitted by jerking the lifelines. "We all agree," said one diver-tender,. Pvt. Don Wilson, West Palm Beach, Fla., "the hand signals are more reliable. The standard set of hand signals is used extensively throughout the diving profession." The d i v i n g section has a long and interesting record. Perhaps the most interesting of their varied activities has been the bottom "searches" during which "anything from 1000-pound bombs to railway tracks/' according to Smith, may be produced. Such ac' tivities represent only 20 per cent of thV work done by the sectionport construction' is the big job. ..-- When the dive has been completed, the] lenders reel in the lines slowly to prevent rvrious car.ps of "the bends," a clivers' malady, similar to cramps caused frorri rising totf rapidly to the surface and thereby decreasing the pressure too quickly. Again topside, helmet and suit are removed, completing an*
o i l i e r job. '-

More likely than not, as the helmet is removed by the tenders the diver will re-' m a r k , w i t h abated breath "Whewthat's! hard work." then add as one diver did afte a lon=r day in the water, "but we love it Sure they do, and five_skins.an.hjg