World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

Community Wind Power in the World ISEP Community Power Conference 8 March 2012

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

History of wind power in Europe

12th century: First wind mills in Europe, coming from Arabian countries End of 19th century: 20000 wind mills in Germany 200000 wind mills in Europe Pioneer in Denmark: Paul la Cour 1891: electricity generation from wind 1894: hydrogen lighting system 1930s: Hermann Honnef proposes 60 MW wind generator 1950s: Ulrich Htter creates scientific basis for modern wind turbines 1957: Mhlengesetz promotes decommisioning of wind mills in Germany 1960s: preliminary stopp of research on wind technology 1970s: oil crisis renaissance begins
Stefan Gsnger
Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

A Community Project: Since 1978 in operation: Tvind wind turbine (2 MW) in Denmark

www.tvindkraft.dk
Stefan Gsnger
Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

Big industrys Failures

GROWIAN (MAN - HEW, Schleswag, RWE): 3 MW, erected 1983, decommissioned in 1987 We need Growian (), in order to demonstrate that it does not work. (Gnter Kltte, RWE Board, February 1982)

FIAT/ENEL fail with 55 kW turbine:

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

Wind Power Deployment Worldwide

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

Offshore Wind

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

Electricity generated: Share in global electricity demand: Countries with high wind shares:

500 TWh, ~ Germanys electricity demand ~3% Denmark 21 % Spain 16 % Portugal 18 % Germany 10 %

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

China:

2020 target increased from 20 GW (2004) to 30 GW (2004/5) maybe to 200 GW 2015: 100 GW (according to 5-year-plan) 2 % of land area enough to cover 65 % of Germanys electricity needs (197 GW) 20 % of wind electricity by 2020

German Wind Energy Association:

Indian Wind Power Association: BUT:

Extension of PTC in USA unclear Spain suspended support for renewable energy

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

Successful policy principles

Create level-playing field Provide investment security Communities have to benefit directly Secure efficiency Provide access for newcomers/IPPs On national level well-designed feed-in tariffs allow communities to invest!

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

The importance of Community Power

Studies in Scotland and Germany show significantly higher acceptance of Community Power wind farms:

Source: Does community ownership affect public attitudes to wind energy? A case study from south-west Scotland, published 2009 Charles R. Warren, Malcolm McFadyen, School of Geography & Geosciences, University of St Andrews, United Kingdom

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

The importance of Community Power

Germany: Neighbours of Community Wind Farm have much more positive attitude

Source: LOCAL ACCEPTANCE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY A CASE STUDY FROM SOUTHEAST GERMANY, published 2011 Fabian David Musall* and Onno Kuik, Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

Wind turbine syndrome Mainly caused by annoyance about wind farms, as reported by a study by Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection and the Massachusetts Department of Public Health To be tackled by best practices including community ownership

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

The Community Power success stories: The pioneer: Denmark: 200000 families Germany: 200-300000 shareholders Community projects are known in Australia Canada, USA Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, Luxemburg, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom Japan Latin America South Africa
Stefan Gsnger
Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

WWEAs Community Power activities: WWEC2008 Community Power in Kingston, Canada led to first FIT legislation in North America Working Group on Community Power was established in 2010 with members from all continents

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

WWEAs Definition of Community Power

Community Power can be defined by any combination of two of the following three elements: Local stakeholders own the majority or all of a project A local individual or a group of local stakeholders, whether they are farmers, cooperatives, independent power producers, financial institutions, municipalities, schools, etc., own, immediately or eventually, the majority or all of a project. Voting control rests with the community-based organization A community-based organization made up of local stakeholders has the majority of the voting rights concerning the decisions taken on the project. The majority of social and economic benefits are distributed locally The major part or all of the social and economic benefits are returned to the local community. There is a broad variety of different legal and economic forms of community power.
Stefan Gsnger
Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012

World Wind Energy Association Uniting the World of Wind Energy

www.wwindea.org

11th World Wind Energy Conference & WWEC2012 Trade Fair Community Power Citizens Power 3-5 July 2012 www.wwec2012.net So far almost 200 abstracts from 35 countries See you in Bonn/Germany!

Stefan Gsnger

Community Wind Power in the World

Tokyo, 8 March 2012