Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 10

.

1
,
, ,
, .
.


. :
, .
:
, 2 2
.

2
2
2 2 : a a .

:
P Q , , P
Q , P Q

PQ.
P Q
P, Q. P , Q
(1).
(1) , , .
. ,
,
P Q P . , P Q ,
P Q . ,
.

10

2 2

(1)

(2),

, .

:
, .
2
2

, 3 32 , 3 3 .
2

, , .
, , :

:
.

P Q , , P,
Q Q, P,
P Q , , P
Q P Q .

P Q
P Q .


:
,


.

, 0 0 . ,

0 0 0

11

P Q , P Q
.
P Q P Q .

x x 2 1 0

, x 2 x

x 2 1 , , :

x 2 x 0 x2 1 0 .
:
x 1 ,
x 0 x 1 .

, .

0 0

,
0 0 0

P Q , P Q
.
P Q P Q .
,

x( x 1) 0 ( x 1)( x 1) 0
x , x 1 .

12


I.

II.


, . .
1.

2 9 3

2.

2 1

3.

2 1

4.

2 2 4

5.

2 2 4

6.

2 2 4

7.

2 4 2

8.

2 4 2

9.

2 3 6

x x 2 0

x 0 x 2

x x 2 0

x2

x2 4

x 2 x 2

x 2 4 x 0

x0

x x 2 0 x x 1 0

x0 x2

x 2 4 x 0

x 2

13

.2


, ..
, , , , .
, ..
, , .
, .. , .
, , , .
Cantor:
,
,
.

, ,
.

, , .
.
. , ,
.
1000000, .
,
,
. :
,
,

.

14


x , x
x , x
x x
.
3
3
2 ,
,
, 2 ,
2 .
5
5



:
) ,
, .
.., 2, 4 6, :
2, 4, 6


, , . 1
100
1, 2, 3, ... , 100 ,

1
, , v

:
1 1 1

= 1, , , , ...
2
3
4

) ,
, :

x 0

x , x 0 .

15

, ,
,
:

x , x .
.


:
1, 2

= x ( x 1)( x 2) 0

( x 1)( x 2) 0 1 2,
. .

, .
:
, .
=.



= 1, 2, 3, ... , 15

= 1, 2, 3, ... , 100

. .

,
.
.
:
, .
i)
ii) , .
iii) , = .

16

x x 2 1 .
, x 2 1
. , ,
{ }.
:
.

Venn

Venn.

,

. , , , = .
,

.

,


.


1, 2,3,...,10 :
1, 2,3, 4

3, 4,5,6 .

1,2,3,4,5,6 ,
,
.

17

:
,

.

x x x

3, 4
.
:
,
,
:

x x x

, , .

5,6,7,8,9,10
, .
:



.
:

x x

18


I.

1. .
2. ;
3. Venn , ,
.
3,5

10

13
5

2, 3

20

100

II. .
1.

= x x 16 = x x 24 ,:

2.

) =............................
) =................


= x x

:
) =.......

) =......

= x x .

) =......

) B=......

III.
.
1.
. :
)
)
)
)
2.

. :
)
)
)

IV. .
1.
, .:
2.

) =

) =

.
)

) = .

) () = ..

You might also like