Geophysical institute of SAS

------------------------------------Geothermal energy as an electricity source in the region of Slovakia -------------------------------------

Beladice, 2011

the mean temperature gradient at the Earths surface is about 30 C per 1 km (up to 100 C in the depth of 3 km and about 300 C in the depth level of 10 km) the geothermal sources for classical production of electricity are accessible at the depth level 10 -12 km usual depths of bore holes are up to 3 - 5 km; deeper (>10 km) ones are now exceptional geothermal capacity of the Earth: all consumption of energy (past and future) should cause decrease of the mean temperature of the Earth only one degree in 40 milion years.....

1 - hydro-geological source 2 - hot dry rock source

Classification of geothermal sources according the utilization potential

In 1904 emerging steam was used to turn a small turbine which powered five light bulbs - the first ever demonstration of geothermal electricity generation. (Larderello, Italy) ------------------>

The world's first geothermal power station was built in 1911 in Larderello, in Southern Tuscany, Italy and later <--------------------(in 1913) a 250kW power station had been built which provided power for the Italian electric railway system.

Typical production of electric power

Husavik, nordth Island; 2MW 80 percent of town electricity consumption (~2000 inhabitants) 120 C 80 C; 90 kg/s; Kalina cycle technology

Kalina cycle process diagram, Husavik

Separator Turbine

Production well

Regenerator Reinjection well Warming-up Pump

Binary cycle application regions in Slovakia (minimal required depth distributions)

Classic cycle application regions in Slovakia (minimal required depth distributions)