saqme biZina ivaniSvilsa da saqarTvelos saxelmwifos Soris

ukanaskneli Setyobineba davis Sesaxeb

egzavneba: misi aRmatebuleba mixeil saakaSvili, saqarTvelos prezidenti misi aRmatebuleba zurab adeiSvili, saqarTvelos iusticiis

ministri SKADDEN, ARPS, SLATE, MEAGHER & FLOM (UK) LLP 40 Bank Street londoni E14 5DS gaerTianebuli samefo telefoni: +(44 20) 7519-7000 faqsi: +(44 20) 7519-7070 SKADDEN, ARPS, SLATE, MEAGHER & FLOM LLP 1440 New York Avenue N.W. vaSingtoni, D.C. 20005 amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi telefoni : + (1 202) 371-7000 faqsi: + (1 202) 393-5760

biZina ivaniSvilis iuridiuli mrCevlebi TariRi: 2012 wlis 31 ivlisi

sarCevi I. mokle mimoxilva 1 II. davis warmoSobis safuZvlebi 3 Aa. daSinebisa qronologia da eqspropriaciis kampania saqarTvelos mxridan: 3

b. qarTu bankis uzrunvelyofis uflebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli RonisZiebebi g. qarTu bankis samarTlebrivi Seviwroeba d. qarTu bankisa da progres bankis dayadaReba e. saqarTvelos sasamarTloebis mier marTlmsajulebaze uaris Tqma III. iurisdiqcia xelSekrulebis mixedviT 22 IV. xelSekrulebis darRveva 23 V. moTxovnili samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualeba 27 VI. moTxovna mSvidobian molaprakebaze 27 20 6 14 19

I. mokle mimoxilva 1. qvemore xelmomweri - b-ni biZina ivaniSvili - samarTlebrivi warmomadgenlebis meSveobiT waradgens saqarTvelos mTavrobis winaSe ukanasknel Setyobinebas davis Sesaxeb. dava wamoiWra or qarTul komerciul bankSi: ss qarTu banksa d ss progres bankSi arsebuli investiciebis kanonsawinaaRmdego mopyrobis gamo. 2. 2011 wlis 7 oqtombers b-nma ivaniSvilma ganacxada Tavisi

ganzraxva Camoeyalibebina saqarTvelos arsebuli xelisuflebis opoziciuri partia da monawileoba mieRo 2012 wlis oqtombris saparlamento xelisuflebam da misi arCevnebSi. daiwyo aqtivebis ramdenime dReSi, saqarTvelos da sxva daSinebis, eqspropriaciisa aRniSnuli

ukanono qmedebebis Tanmimdevruli kampania biZina ivaniSvilisa winaaRmdeg. kampania

koordinirebuli iyo saxelmwifos yvela resursis mobilizebiT da masSi iyo CarTuli aRmasrulebeli, sakanonmdeblo, sasamarTlo xelisufleba da iseTi organoc ki, rogoric aris centraluri banki: saqarTvelos erovnuli banki. 3. saqarTvelos kampania b-ni ivaniSvilis winaaRmdeg gaSlili iyo mraval frontze. Pprezidentma mas Seuwyvita pirebma saqarTvelos arasworad

moqalaqeoba,

saxelmwifo

Tanamdebobis

daadanaSaules igi fulis gaTeTrebaSi da moaxdines zewola bankis klientebze, raTa daetovebinaT da TaRliTobis tolfasi qmedebebi CaedinaT bankis winaaRmdeg. amave dros, parlamentma Secvala saqarTvelos saSualeba, kanoni im erTaderTi nebismieri mizniT, raTa

gaCeniliyo

bankis

uzrunvelyofa

gadafaruli yofiliyo saxelmwifo sagadasaxado moTxovnebiT, rac saqarTveloSi nebismier uzrunvelyofil garigebas aclida safuZvels. saqarTvelos sagadasaxado da aRsrulebis

organoebma gamoiyenes da aRasrules axali kanoni mxolod ss qarTu bankis winaaRmdeg romelic aris saqarTveloSi moqmedi 19 komerciuli bankidan erT-erTi. qarTu banki daeqvemdebara mizanmimarTul da diskriminaciul 1 gegmas, ramac Sedegad

gamoiRo b-ni ivaniSvilis bankis aqtivebis 190,000,000 laris (114.6 milioni aSS dolari) dakargva. saqarTvelos sasamarTloebma SemdegomSi daakanones saxelmwifo Zalauflebis borotad

gamoyenebis sistematuri SemTxvevebi. 4. yvela mtkicebuleba adasturebs, rom saqarTvelos mTavrobas ar Seqmnia aranairi dabrkoleba borotad gamoeyenebina saxelmwifo Zalauflebis yoveli elementi, romelic iyo mis gankargulebaSi, raTa politikuri misi qvenagrZnobiT aqtivebisTvis sagadasaxado mieyenebina zianis kodeqsi, ziani miyenebisa arad b-ni da

ivaniSvilisTvis. Secvala

dayadaRebis kampaniis dros xelisufleba ise Sors wavida, rom saqarTvelos Caagdo sakuTrebis uflebasTan dakavSirebuli kanonmdebloba da uari Tqva centraluri bankisa da sasamarTlos damoukideblobaze, riTac uzarmazari ziani miayena saqarTvelos ekonomikas, sabanko sistemasa da saqarTvelos imijs saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis winaSe. 5. winamdebare SetyobinebaSi aRwerili qmedebebi, romlebic

ganaxorciela saqarTvelos xelisuflebam arRvevs saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobasa romlebic SemTxvevaSi, da saerTaSoriso gaaCnia b-n b-ni ar samarTals, ivaniSvilis gadawyvets maT Soris im aqvs

sainvesticio xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebul valdebulebebs, saqarTvelos Tu winaSe. saqarTvelo gziT, sakiTxs

urTierTSeTanxmebis

ivaniSvils

ganzraxuli

waradginos dava savaldebulo Zalis mqone arbitraJis winaSe, romelic aris gaTvaliswinebuli moqalaqeebs Soris saxelmwifosa sainvesticio da sxva saxelmwifos davebis

mowesrigebis Sesaxeb vaSingtonis, kolumbiis olqi, 1965 wlis 18 martis konvenciiT (ICSID konvencia). 6. miuxedavad mSvidobianad imisa, rom da mis b-ni ivaniSvili amJamindeli winaaRmdeg mxars uWers davis

gadawyvetas,

mTavrobis

mtrulma

damokidebulebam

mimarTulma

Tavdasxmebma

daadastures, rom nebismieri saxis molaparakeba uSedego iqneba. 2

Sesabamisad,

is

itovebs

uflebas

daiwyos

ICSID

konvenciiT Semdgomi

gaTvaliswinebuli Setyobinebis gareSe.

saartbitraJo

saqmiswarmoeba

II. davis warmoSobis safuZvlebi a. daSinebisa da eqspropriaciis kampania saqarTvelos

mxridan: qronologia 7. b-ni ivaniSvili Bbolo iyo qarTuli is sabanko iyo seqtoris wamyvani

investori.

periodamde,

qarTuli

komerciuli

bankis ss qarTu bankis 100%-iani beneficiari mesakuTre: saaqcio sazogadoeba, romelic dafuZnda saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, registrirebuli misamarTze: i. WavWavaZis gamziri #39a, Tbilisi (qarTu banki). b-ni ivaniSvili aseve flobs 21.7% aqciebs ss progres bankSi: dafuZnda saqarTvelos misamarTze registrirebuli saaqcio sazogadoeba, romelic kanonmdeblobis baraTaSvilis quCa Sesabamisad, 8, Zveli

Tbilisis raioni, Tbilisi (progres banki). 8. rogorc mTavrobas moexseneba, 2011 wlis 7 oqtombers, b-ma

ivaniSvilma sajarod ganacxada misi ganzraxvis Sesaxeb, movides qarTul politikaSi da opoziciaSi Caudges amJamindel

mTavrobas. man es gaakeTa Ria werilis saSualebiT, romliTac mwvaved gaakritika prezidenti saakaSvili1. 9. amave dReebSi, b-ni ivaniSvili da misi investicia qarTu bankSi saqarTvelos xelisuflebis yvela Stos koordinirebuli da uxeSi politikuri Tavdasxmis samizne gaxda: aRmasrulebeli sistema da sxva xelisufleba, parlamenti, sasamarTlo

saxelmwifo organoebi, rogoric aris saqarTvelos erovnuli banki.

1

biZina

ivaniSvilis

Ria

werili

xelmisawvdomia

Semdeg

misamarTze:

http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=24006 3

10. 2011

wlis

11

oqtombers,

saqarTvelos

prezidentma

gamosca

brZanebuleba, romliTac b-n ivaniSvils Seuwyvita saqarTvelos moqalaqeoba2. 11. imave kviras, saxelmwifo uwyebebma qarTu bankSi gaxsnili

angariSebi daxures da saqarTvelos Zalovanma struqturebma aiZules bankis uamravi momxmarebeli gaekeTebinaT igive. aman gamoiwvia qarTu bankidan kapitalis uprecendento gadineba 45,000,000 laris (27 milioni aSS dolari) odenobiT 2011 wlis oqtombris bolo ori kviris ganmavlobaSi3. 12. 2011 wlis 18 oqtombers, Sinagan saqmeTa saministrom brali dasdo qarTu banks fulis gaTeTrebaSi, speqtaklSi, romelic mxardaWerili dezinformaciis braldebebi saSualebebiT, imave iyo saqarTvelos erovnul farTod bankis mier. maqsimalurad saRamos isini gasavrceleblad, media da

gaxmianda ar yofila

adgilobrivi

magram

dasabuTebuli

ganmartebac ki ar gakeTebula qarTu bankisaTvis. 13. 2011 wlis 19 oqtombers, saqarTvelos erovnulma bankma daiwyo diskriminaciuli grafikis auditi unda qarTu bankis winaaRmdeg, mxolod romelic or Tves,

mixedviT

gagrZelebuliyo

magram dRemde ganuwyvetliv grZeldeba. auditis saxiT daiwyo bankis saqmianobis yveldRiuri kontroli/zedamxedveloba, ramac aralegitimuri imwuTieri ganxorcielebul mizeziT informacia saSualeba da misca msgavsi mTavrobas qmedebebi hqonoda iqna

kontroli

angariSebze

moZraobebze.

ganxorcielebuli progres bankis winaaRmdegac.

saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebuleba #602 biZina ivaniSvilisaTvis moqalaqeobis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb (11 oqtomberi 2011).
3

aSS dolaris eqvivalentebi aris miaxloebiTi da darTulia mizniT.

mxolod informaciis

14. Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom

2011 wlis 28 oqtombridan 2011 wlis

11 noembramde periodSi, saqarTvelos mTavrobam miiRo kanoni, romelmac sagadasaxado organoebs misca saSualeba hqonodaT upiratesi praqtika simtkice. 15. noembridan moyolebuli, qarTulma xelisuflebam gamoiyena es kanonebi, raTa qarTu bankisaTvis waerTmia 190,000,000 laris (114.6 milioni aSS dolari) aqtivebi, romelic mopovebuli hqonda saxiT. bankis aqtivebi ufleba da finansuri mTliani institutebis qarTuli uzrunvelyofil aRiarebuli sistemis moTxovnebze, ugulebeleyoT SeeryiaT saerTaSorisod

finansuri

kanonierad, saqarTvelos

komerciuli 19

sesxebis bankidan,

uzrunvelyofis mxolod qarTu

komerciuli

aqtivebi iqna dayadaRebuli am gziT. danarCeni 18 bankis (bazris 96%) darCa xeluxebeli.

16. 2012 wlis 14 marts, saqarTvelos kontrolis palatam qarTu banks daakisra dausabuTebeli jarima 822,040 laris (500,000 aSS dolari) odenobiT, ramac damatebiTi ziani miayena b-n ivaniSvils. amas mohyva ukanono politikuri jarimebi, romelic daekisra b-n ivaniSvils piradad 74,325,065 laris ($44.8 milioni aSS dolari) odenobiT yovelive es iyo saqarTvelos mxridan mcdeloba, SeeferxebinaT b-ni ivaniSvili, gamoeyenebina Tavisi uflebebi, rogorc SemdgomSi prezident saakaSvilis opozicioner erovnulma kandidats. biurom saqarTvelos aRsrulebis

daayadaRa qarTu banki da b-ni ivaniSvilis aqciebi progres bankSi, raTa, TiTqosda momxdariyo aRniSnuli jarimebis iZulebiTi gadaxdevineba. 17. 2011 wlis dekembridan qarTu banki saqarTvelos sasamarTloebSi cdilobda Tavis dacvas uamravi sasamarTlo gancxadebis gziT, magram, miuxedavad maTi iqna. dasabuTebulobisa, qarTuli yvela maTgani ugulebelyofil sasamarTloebis

gadawyvetilebebi saxelmwifos sasargeblod iyo mikerZoebuli. 5

18. saxelmwifos qmedebebis Sedegad da iqidan gamomdinare, rom aRar arsebobda realuri perspeqtiva SeenarCunebina qarTu banki,

gamomdinare im ukanono kampaniidan, romelsac awarmoebda mis winaaRmdeg saxelmwifo, 2012 wlis 30 aprils b-nma ivaniSvilma gayida wilebi ss qarTu jgufSi (qarTu bankis deda kompania). 19. es sakiTxebi detalurad aris aRwerili qvemoT, romelic iwyeba yvelaze mkacri RonisZiebiT: qarTu bankis aqtivebis xelyofis mizniT saqarTvelos sabanko kanonmdeblobis SecvliT. b. qarTu bankis uzrunvelyofis uflebis winaaRmdeg

mimarTuli RonisZiebebi 20. 2011 wlis 28 otombramde, saqarTveloSi bankebi funqcionirebdnen sistemiT, romelic saSualebas aZlevda maT mieRoT uzrunvelyofa Cadebul aqtivebze gamWvirvale da saimedo gziT. Tu momxmarebels survili hqonda daegiravebina Tavisi aqtivi, rogorc sesxis uzrunvelyofa (rogorc wesi, uZravi qoneba an wilebi), banki arkvevda giravnoba sajaro an sxva reestrSi raime iyo Tu ara

sagadasaxado SeeZlo

tipis an

datvirTva ipoTekis imis

registrirebuli aRniSnul aqtivebze. Tu ar iyo, maSin banks gaegrZelebina sesxis qonebis giravnobis registracia uzrunvelyofis mizniT,

gaTvaliswinebiT, rom Tavisi

uzrunvelyofis ufleba/interesi

warmoadgenda pirvelad prioritets aRniSnuli aqtivebze sxva pirTa moTxovnebTan mimarTebaSi4. 21. Tu sxva pirebi, rogoricaa saqarTvelos sagadasaxado sagadasaxado

organoebi,

SemdgomSi

daaregistrirebdnen

giravnobas imave qonebaze, is rangirebuli iqneboda rogorc bankis winaswari uzrunvelyofis interesis Semdgom mdgari meoradi ufleba/interesi. es Seesabameba evropis, SeerTebuli
4

ixileT saaRsrulebo warmoebaTa Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis 823 muxli, saaRsrulebo warmoebaTa Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis 75-e muxlis me-4 punqti da saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsis 239-e muxlis me-6 nawili.

Statebisa

da

sxva

qveynebis moTxovnebs

saerTaSoriso aqvT mimarTebiT

praqtikas: upiratesoba

uzrunvelyofil arauzrunvelyofil

moTxovnebTan

(sagadasaxado

moTxovnebis CaTvliT) da uzrunvelyofil kreditorebs Soris yadaRis/giravnobis prioriteti ganisazRvreba eqskluziurad registraciis TariRiT. 22. 2011 wlis 28 oqtombers, saqarTvelos parlamentma Tavdayira daayena aRniSnuli samarTlebrivi CarCo. kerZod, saaRsrulebo warmoebaTa Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis 75-e muxlisa da aseve sagadasaxado kodeqsis 239-e muxlis cvlilebebiT, parlamentma Secvala Secvlili uwyebebis safuZvlebi am prioritetebis/upiratesobebis kanonis mier Tanaxmad, Tu sagadasaxado miekuTvneba periods, Tu igi arsebuli ganrigi. saqarTvelos sagadasaxado warmoSobis

giravnobis/ipoTekis bankis pirvel

giravnobis/ipoTekis rigSi dakmayofildeba bolo

registraciamdel SemTxvevaSic periodamde. ki,

sagadasaxado giravnobiT/ipoTekiT uzrunvelyofili moTxovna, im ar iqna registrirebuli

23. cvlileba gavrcelda yvela arsebul kontraqtze, ganurCevlad imisa Tu rodis iqna gaformebuli. uzrunvelyofa Sedegad aqtivebze nebismieri SesaZloa Zveli gamsesxeblis daadeben arsebuli

gaxdes usargeblo im SemTxvevaSi, Tu sagadasaxado uwyebebi sagadasaxado giravnobas/ipoTekas aqtivebs

sagadasaxado valdebulebebis gamo. 24. principSi, garigebis es cvlilebebi rac kiTxvis niSnis yvela qaoss savalalo qveS daayenebda savaWro

saqarTveloSi urTierToebaSi

ganxorcielebuli da gamoiwvevda

uzrunvelyofili uamrav makro-ekonomikur

upiratesobas,

Seitanda

zegavlenas saqarTvelosTvis, maT Soris: SeuZlebels gaxdida sesxis gacemas saqarTveloSi arsebuli uzrunvelyofis saSualebis gamoyenebiT, rac Tavis mxriv gamoiwvevda kreditis gayinvas saqarTveloSi da ucxouri investiciebis mkveTr vardnas. 7

araa gasakviri, rom amerikis savaWro palatam saqarTveloSi mkafiod dagmo cvlilebebi, miswera ra Semdegi teqstis Semcveli werili saqarTvelos premier-ministrs: cvlilebebi auditebis da Searyevs gare da finansuri institutebis biznes

simtkices, aseve uaryofiT gavlenas moaxdens maTi iurist-konsultantebis, finansistebis, saxiT partniorebis institutebis uzrunvelyofis uzrunvelyofs logikurad, es finansuri datvirTuli rac

uzrunvelyofis saSualebaTa maTi iqoniebs

rangirebaze, pirdapir

sesxebis

portfelebs. zegavlenas

ekonomikaze, daabrkolebs bankebs gaasesxon Tanxebi qarTuli sakuTrebis uzrunvelyofis safuZvlze, rac Seamcirebs Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi (orives, da kreditis da

xelmisawvdomobas sacxovreblis aseve,

korporatiuls samSeneblo

individualurs, gansakuTrebiT SezRudavs/Seaferxebs ipoTekasa sesxebs), safinanso gaasesxon da Seaferxebs saerTaSoriso rom

institutebis Tanxa Seamcirebs saqarTveloSi

mzadyofnas/survils, uzrunvelyofis ucxour (romelic pirdapir

qarTuli

safuZvelze,

investiciebs finansdeba

xSirad

saerTaSoriso safinanso institutebis mier).5

amerikis savaWro palatis saqarTveloSi werili saqarTvelos premier-ministrs, daTariRebuli 2011 wlis 14 dekembriT. igive werili uaryofs saqarTvelos gancxadebebs, rom aRniSnuli cvlilebebi Seesabameba saerTaSoriso praqtikas: qarTulma bankma da saerTaSoriso finansuri institutis warmomadgenlebma, romelTac Cven vesaubreT, gangvicxades, rom rodesac maT wamoswies es sakiTxi saqarTvelos mTavrobasTan da saqarTvelos erovnul bankTan, am ukanasknelTa mxridan moismines sxvadasxva tipis gamarTlebebi cvlilebebTan dakavSirebiT. erTerTi mTavari damcavi argumenti iyo is, rom cvlilebebi asaxavs sxva qveynebis saukeTeso praqtikasa da Cveulebebs. Cven ver daveTanxmebiT am mosazrebas. Cvenma diskusiebma am sakiTxze ukanaskneli dReebis ganmavlobaSi kvalificiur adamianebTan daadastures, rom SeerTebul StatebSi, germaniaSi da safrangeTSi, magaliTad, aris iseTi kanonmdebloba, rogoric iyo saqarTveloSi cvlilebebamde.

25. Tumca

ki,

faqtobrivad,

Secvlili

kanoni

gamoyenebuli

iqna

mxolod qarTu bankis winaaRmdeg da ara sxva danarCeni 18

komerciuli bankis winaaRmdeg, romelic moqmedebs saqarTveloSi. aRniSnuli adasturebs, rom cvlileba, romelic TiTqosda yvelasken iyo mimarTuli, realurad warmoadgenda mxolod b-ni ivaniSvilis winaaRmdeg wamowyebuli diskriminaciuli kampaniis nawils. 26. 2011 wlis 11 noembers, saqarTvelos parlamenti ufro Sors wavida. man cvlileba Seitana saaRsrulebo warmoebaTa Sesaxeb gaiyideba iZulebiTi auqcionis wesiT saqarTvelos kanonis 77-1(7) muxlSi, imis uzrunvelsayofad, rom Tu datvirTuli qoneba

sagadasaxado giravnobis/ipoTekis dasakmayofileblad, maSin am aqtivebis gayidviT gauqmdeba maTze arsebuli yvela is sanivTo ufleba, romelic registrirebulia sagadasaxado valdebulebis warmoSobis TariRis Semdeg. 27. sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, saxelmwifos SeeZlo waeRo aqtivebi, romelic datvirTuli iyo bankSi, restrospeqtulad Seefasebina sagadasaxado giravnoba da Semdeg mieyida aqtivebi mesame pirisaTvis samarTlebrivad sufTa, dautvirTav mdgomareobaSi. Sesabamisad, ara mxolod bankis upiratesi interesi icvleba, aramed is srulad uqmdeba yovelgvari kompensaciis gareSe

(maSinac ki, Tu aqtivebi gaiyideboda im fasSi, romelic aWarbebs sagadasaxado valdebulebis odenobas). 28. 2011 wlis 28 dekembers, saqarTvelos parlamentma daaCqara biujetis saqarTvelos procesi, SesaZloa

aqtivebis sasargeblod kanonis romelsac

gayidvis 69(1) muxlSi

procedura cvlilebis Tve

saxelmwifo Sesaxeb Setanis gziT. axla

saaRsrulebo ori

warmoebaTa

manamde

sWirdeboda

dasrulebuliyo mxolod 2 kviraSi. imave cvlilebis Tanaxmad, Tu dayadaRebuli aqtivebi ar gaiyida auqcionze, an mogebuli pretendenti ver gadaixdis fass 15 dRis ganmavlobaSi, maSin 9

aRsrulebis erovnul biuros ufleba aqvs gadasces aqtivebi saxelmwifos, samarTlebrivad proceduruli romelsac sufTa normebi SeuZlia is gayidos, rogorc axali qoneba. b-ni saqarTvelom ivaniSvilis gamoiyena

bankis

winaaRmdeg

mimarTul TavdasxmaTa dasaCqareblad. 29. a TavSi aRwerili sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi erTianad

moixsenieba rogorc sagadasaxado yadaRis kanonebi. 30. garemoebis isini gauaresebis mizniT, raTa saxelmwifo moexdina qarTu qarTu bankis bankis

momxmareblebTan farul garigebebSi Sevida da gaaTavisufla valdebulebebisagan,

uzrunvelyofis uflebis anulireba maSin, roca sagadasaxado yadaRis kanonebiT es ar aris nebadarTuli. 31. magaliTad, qarTu bankis bevri momxmarebeli iyo Seqmnili kompania, drosac warmoiSva gamomdinare, specialurad

romelic daarsebuli iyo imave dros, ra bankis iyo uzrunvelyofis am kompaniebs ufleba. hqonodaT aqedan bankis

SeuZlebeli

uzrunvelyofis uflebamde saqmianobasTan dakavSirebuli raime saxis sagadasaxado valdebuleba. 32. da mainc, aseT situaciaSi, qarTu bankSi dagiravebuli uamravi fasiani aqtivi gadacemul iqna misi movale klientebis mier Sesabamis kompaniebze, romlebsac marTebdaT, an moulodnelad aRmoaCndaT, rom marTebT sagadasaxado valdebulebebi bankis uzrunvelyofis giravnoba/ipoTeka, auqcionze. 33. auqcionebze (mTlianobaSi 92 auqcioni) gatanili aqtivebi an ar iyideboda, an gamarjvebuli pretendenti (romelic xSirad imaze maRal fass debda, vidre amas qarTu banki sTavazobda) ver uflebis ris dRemde. Sedegadac amas mohyva sagadasaxado gatanil iqna aqtivebi

10

ixdida Tanxas moTxovnili 15 dRis vadaSi, rac imas niSnavda, rom aqtivebi unda gadasuliyo iyo saxelmwifos bankis sakuTrebaSi. am meTodiT auqcionze uaryo ukugdebuli gamoesyida bankis qarTu yoveli mcdeloba

aqtivebi.

xelisuflebam moepovebina

analogiurad gamWvirvale

qarTu

mcdeloba,

informacia auqcionis Sesaxeb, iseTi rogoricaa myidvelebis identifikacia an dadastureba, rom romelime maTganma gadaixada auqcionis wesiT dadgenili 10%-iani depoziti. 34. saxelmwifom Semdeg ukan gayida igive aqtivebi - rogorc bankis moTxovnebisagan mflobelebze an Tavisufal kompaniebze, aqtivebi romlebic maT pirvandel imave kontroldeba

pirvandeli beneficiarebis mier gaamdidra ra saxelmwifo da mesame pirebi qarTu bankis xarjze. 35. saxelmwifosa da mesame pirTa SeTanxmebuli moqmedeba xsnis Tu ratom, arcerTma dazaralebulma gadasaxadis gadamxdelma ar idava masze dakisrebul sagadasaxado valdebulebaze imis miuxedavad, absurdulad. 36. saxelmwifos magaliTidan. romelsac odenobiT. ukanono Sps saqcieli aseve kargad Cans Semdegi kompania dolaris ipoTekiT, rom gadasaxadebis dakisreba maTze xdeboda

kavkasiis vali

uZravi

qonebis

jgufi, aSS iqna

dafuZnebuli 2010 wlis 23 ivniss, aris qarTu bankis klienti, gaaCnia daaxloebiT 10,000,000 aRniSnuli vali uzrunvelyofili

romelic bankSi gaformda 2010 wlis 25 ivniss. aranairi kanonieri safuZveli qonebis ar arsebobda ori am dRis kompaniisaTvis misi vadaSi. sagadasaxado da bankSi finansTa valdebulebis saministros dakisrebisaTvis ssip dafuZnebidan marTlac,

datvirTvidan

Semosavlebis

samsaxurs

(Semosavlebis

samsaxuri) arc ki

ucdia msgavsi valdebulebis dakisreba.

11

37. amis nacvlad, 2011 wlis 24 noembers (3 kviraze ufro mokle droSi mas Semdeg, rac pirvelad ZalaSi Sevida sagadasaxado yadaRis kanonebi) Sps kavkasiis uZravi qonebis jgufis qarTu bankSi dagiravebuli aqtivebi ukanonod gadaeca sxva kompanias, ss pirimzes, romelsac hyavs igive beneficiari mesakuTre6. 38. amavdroulad, Semosavlebis samsaxurma moulodnelad

aRmoaCina, rom ss pirimzes hqonda sagadasaxado valdebuleba, romelic momdinareobda 2005 wlidan. misi valdebulebis odenoba socialuri gadasaxadis winaSe Seadgenda 25,000,000 lars. braldeba efuZneboda absurdul aRmoCenas, rom ss pirimzem 2004 wels gadaixada xelfasi 100 milioni laris odenobiT maSin, rodesac 2004 wlis ganmavlobaSi sawarmoTa am seqtorSi wliuri xelfasi Seadgenda 415 lars (saSualod 34.6 lars TveSi) rac qmnis cru realobas, TiTqos aRniSnuli sawarmos samuSao Zalis ricxvi kompania aRwevda 250,000 kacs, ra SemTxvevaSic yvelaze dasaxelebuli didi kerZo

iqneboda

saqarTveloSi

damsaqmebeli 2004 wels. 39. 2011 wlis 22 dekembers is aqtivebi, romlebic winaT datvirTuli iyo qarTu bankis mier da ukanonod gadacemuli ss pirimzisaTvis, naturis gauqmda saxiT qarTu gadaeca bankis saxelmwifos, rogorc im ss pirimzis riTac sagadasaxado valdebulebebis dasafari saSualeba,

uzrunvelyofa

sagadasaxado

davalianebis gamo, romelic, TiTqosda, gaaCnda ara ipoTekars 7 , aramed sxva kompanias. SemdgomSi saxelmwifom aqtivebi gadasca kerZo kompanias (Sps pp), romlis mesakuTris vinaoba ucnobia.
6

ixileT Sps kavkasiis uZravi qonebis jgufsa da ss pirimzes Soris gaformebuli wilis nasyidobis xelSekruleba, romelic registrirebulia sajaro reestrSi 2011 wlis 24 noembers, 12,853,978 laris Rirebulebis. Sesabamisi samewarmeo reestri adasturebs, rom Sps kavkasiis uZravi qonebis jgufsa da ss pirimzes hyavT erTi da igive beneficiari mesakuTreebi: q-ni laura RaWava da misi meuRle b-ni nodar kodua.

saqarTvelom uari Tqva im mtkicebulebaTa warmodgenaze, romelic daadasturebda, rom gadasaxadebis gadaxda namdvilad moxda saxelmwifosaTvis.

12

ukanono sqema ufro Sors wavida, vidre es gaTvaliswinebuli iyo sagadasaxado yadaRis kanonebis (romelic TavisTavad iyo ukanono) debulebiT. 40. kidev uamravi magaliTi arsebobs bankma msgavsi ukve da arakanonieri gaamaxvilebina saqarTvelos gziT,

qmedebebisa, yuradReba

romlebzec saqarTvelos auracxeli

qarTu

xelisuflebasa sasamarTlo

sasamarTloebs

saqmiswarmoebis

Tumca uSedegod.8 41. mTlianobaSi, saaRsrulebo warmoebaTa Sesaxeb saqarTvelos

kanonis Sesabamisad sul Catarda 92 auqcioni, riTic qarTu banks waerTva 195 aqtivis (rac moicavda ramdenime yvelaze cnobil Senobas TbilisSi) uzrunvelyofa. aman 190,000,000 larze (114.6 milioni aSS dolari) meti odenobiT pirdapiri ziani miayena qarTu banks, da, Sesabamisad, b-n ivaniSvils. amas emateba qarTu bankis ZiriTadi kapitalis Sesabamisi zarali da xarjebi,

romelic gaRebul iqna bankis uflebebis dasacavad - warmatebis gareSe saqarTvelos sasamarTloebSi (ixileT qveviT nawili e: marTlmsajulebaze uaris Tqma). 42. 2012 wlis martis ganmavlobaSi, rogorc iqna, sxva qarTulma bankebmac daiwyes sagadasaxado yadaRis kanonebis gaprotesteba, miuxedavad imisa, rom mTavroba uSualod arwmunebda maT, rom mxolod qarTu banki iqneboda samizne, bankebis auditorebi valdebulni iyvnen 2012 wlis 30 aprilamde SeefasebinaT bankebis uzrunvelyofis portfelebi. sagadasaxado yadaRis kanonebi

ixileT mag: ss qarTu banki Sps logosis, amxanagoba TeTri saxli, saqarTvelos finansTa saministros ssip Semosavlebis samsaxuris da iusticiis saministros ssip saqarTvelos aRsrulebis erovnuli biuros winaaRmdeg; da ss qarTu banki Sps Tolias, aslan jinWarZis, saqarTvelos finansTa saministros ssip Semosavlebis samsaxurisa da ssip saqarTvelos aRsrulebis erovnuli biuros winaaRmdeg. saqmis warmoebis Sesabamisi grafiki ixileT danarTi #1-Si.

13

daisaWirovebda

bankis

aqtivebis

masiur

Camowerebs

da

biZgs

miscemda likvidurobis kriziss saqarTveloSi. 43. Sedegad, saqarTvelos parlamentma gaauqma sagadasaxado yadaRis kanonebi 2012 wlis 30 martis kanoniT N5970, romelic ZalaSi Sevida 2012 wlis 20 aprilidan. aman daubruna saqarTvelos Sesabamisi kanonebi im pozicias, romelic arsebobda 2011 wlis 28 oqtombramde. 44. saerTo jamSi, normatiuli cvlilebebi ZalaSi iyo eqvs Tveze nakleb xans (7 noemberi 2011 20 aprili 2012) yadaRis kanonebi gavrcelda mxolod qarTu bankis aqtivebze da mis klientebze, imis miuxedavad, rom qarTu banki Seadgens qarTuli komerciuli sabanko sistemis mxolod 4%-s. sagadasaxado yadaRis kanonebis SerCeviTi gamoyeneba aaSkaravebs is saqarTvelos arasodes ganzraxvas. parlamentis emsaxureboda dasawyisSive,

diskriminaciul keTilsindisier

ganzraxvas. sazogadoebriv

sagadasaxado yadaRis kanonebi gamiznuli iyo b-ni ivaniSvilis winaaRmdeg. 2012 wlis aprilSi, am kanonebis gauqmebam, kidev erTxel daamtkica, rom isini ar emsaxurebodnen aranair kanonier sazogadoebriv mizans. g. qarTu bankis samarTlebrivi Seviwroveba 45. sagadasaxado yadaRis kanonebis amoqmedeba da SerCeviTi

gamoyeneba daemTxva qarTu bankis mimarT Cadenil sxva ukanono qmedebas, ramac damatebiTi ziani miayena b-n ivaniSvils. aRniSnuli farTomasStabiani qmedeba xelyofs rogorc ormxrivi sainvesticio xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebul uflebebs, aseve avlens politikur motivacias, romliTac xelmZRvanelobda miRebisa da

saqarTvelo

sagadasaxado

yadaRis

kanonebis

SerCeviTi gamoyenebis dros. (i) fulis gaTeTrebis cru braldebebi 14

46. 2011 wlis 18 oqtombers saqarTvelos saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis pirebma arasworad daadanaSaules qarTu banki fulis ukanono gaTeTrebaSi, speqtaklSi, romelic koordinirebuli iyo Sinagan saqmeTa saministros mier. 47. qarTu banki wesisamebr fulis inkasirebas axdens saqarTvelos sxvadasxva komerciuli bankebidan, klientebi naRdi fuladi raTa uzrunvelyos Tavisi banki amas akeTebs saxsrebiT.

bankTaSoris tranzaqciebiT, ra drosac, is iRebs sazRvargareT deponirebul fuls, ricxavs mas ama Tu im komerciul bankSi, romelsac im momentisaTvis Sesabamisi Warbi naRdi fuli aqvs da iRebs banknotebis Sesabamis raodenobas. 2011 wels, qarTu banki CarTuli iyo daaxloebiT 200 msgavs tranzaqciaSi, romelic mTlianobaSi dolari). Y 48. 2011 wlis 18 oqtombers, saqarTvelos prokuraturis agentebma daayadaRes erT-erTi aseTi tranzaqcia da sajarod cili daswames qarTu banksa da b-n ivaniSvils fulis gaTeTrebaSi. amave dRes, qarTu bankma jerovnad gadauricxa ss saqarTvelos banks 2 milioni aSS dolari da aseve 1,000,000 evro sazRvargareT arsebuli angariSebidan siTibankis, komercbankis da Deutsche Bankis meSveobiT. Cveulebriv reJimSi, qarTu bankis TanamSromlebma uzrunvelyves Senobidan. 49. ss saqarTvelos bankidan ramodenime auxsneli zaris Semdeg, sadac gunds iTxovdnen ss fulis gamotanis bankis dayovnebas, qarTu mier bankis mieca saqarTvelos warmomadgenlis banknotebis gamotana ss saqarTvelos bankis Seadgenda 70,000,000 larze mets (42.2 milioni aSS

miTiTeba, rom banknotebis misaRebad misuliyvnen maTi Senobis specialur adgilas. moulodenlad, qarTu bankis mikro avtobuss miuaxlovda (zogierTi SeiaraRebuli niRbiT iyo, oficrebis zogi jgufi videokamerebiT tansacmelSi), samoqalaqo

daapatimres mZRoli da qarTu bankis sxva TanamSromlebi da 15

waiyvanes sapatimroSi. mikro avtobusi da banknotebi aseve iqna CamorTmeuli. firze. 50. imave saRamos, mTavrobis mier kontrolirebadma satelevizio arxebma iyvnen gaaSuqes axali ambebi, romlis mixedviTac dakavebulni qarTu bankis TanamSromlebi, romelTa Sesaxebac yovelive es gamiznulad iyo aRbeWdili video

arsebobda eWvi, rom axorcielebdnen didi odenobiT Tanxebis gaTeTrebas da rom dayadaRebuli Tanxa dakavSirebuli iyo b-n ivaniSvilTan. deteqtivebma gaavrceles kadrebi, romlebzec
9

asaxuli iyo iatakze farTod gaSlili banknotebi miayena rogorc bankis, ise b-ni ivaniSvilis maT

. es iyo da

saxelmwifos mier dadgmuli Sarada da cru braldebebma ziani reputacias gamoiwvia komerciuli danakargi, Soris, danakargi

klientebis saxiT. qarTu bankis TanamSromlebi gaaTavisufles imave dRes, xolo fuli qarTu banks yovelgvari axsnaganmartebis gareSe daubrunda ori Tvis Semdeg. 51. mravali moTxovnis miuxedavad, saqarTvelos prokuraturam uari ganucxada Catarebuli banks miewodebina informacia ramac aRniSnul SeuZlebeli saqmeze gaxada

mokvlevis

Sesaxeb,

bankisTvis Seemcirebina is ziani, romelic miadga mis reputacias sajarod gakeTebuli cru braldebebiT. prokurorebi amtkiceben, rom Zieba kvlav ar mimdinareobs, daukiTxavT maSin, am roca bankis arcerTi rva Tvis TanamSromeli Tavdasxmidan

ganmavlobaSi. qarTveli prokurorebi ar Sexebian qarTu bankis sakorespondento bankebis tranzaqciebs, romelic samarTliani gamoZiebis SemTxvevaSi iqneboda logikurad gadadgmuli pirveli nabiji.

http://rustavi2.com/news/video.php?fr=video&id_news=43489&lang=eng&ftp1=1&ftp2=0&ftp3=0

16

(ii)

qarTu auditi

bankisa

da

progres

bankis

dausabuTebeli

52. fulis

gaTeTrebis

dadgmuli

speqtaklidan

24

saaTSi,

saqarTvelos erovnulma bankma gamosca 2011 wlis 19 oqtombriT daTariRebuli #767 brZaneba qarTu bankSi auditis Catarebis dawyebis Sesaxeb, TiTqosda imis dasadgenad, icavda Tu ara banki fulis gaTeTrebis winaaRmdeg saqarTvelos kanons, aseve

saqarTvelos kanons ukanono Semosavlis legalizaciis aRkveTis xelSewyobis Sesaxeb. miuxedavad imisa, rom gegmiT auditi unda gagrZelebuliyo or Tves, erovnuli banki ganuwyvetliv agrZelebs auditis Catarebis periods mas Semdeg10. 53. erovnuli bankis mier qarTu bankSi Catarebul wina auditebs ar gamouvlenia fulis gaTeTrebasTan dakavSirebuli darRvevebi da arcerTi aseTi auditi ar gagrZelebula erT Tveze met xans. logikurad, yvela wina auditi aseve fokusirebuli iyo tranzaqciebze, romelic ganxorcielda auditis dawyebis dRemde. 54. es auditi Zalian gansxvavebuli iyo. is ukve 9 Tvea rac

grZeldeba. amis

auditorebs ar gamouZiebiaT aranairi monacemebi. maT auditi qarTu bankis tranzaqciebis

nacvlad,

yoveldRiur monitoringad gadaaqcies rac scdeba legitimur saxelmwifo interess da aWarbebs saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis maregulirebel mandats. auditorebma moiTxoves qarTu bankis kompiuteruli sistema eleqtronulad dakavSireboda

saqarTvelos erovnuli bankisas.

10

2011 wlis 16 dekembers saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis vice prezidentma gamosca gankarguleba 872, romliTac auditi gaaxangrZliva damatebiT 2 TviT, ese igi 2012 wlis 20 Tebervlamde. 2012 wlis 17 Tebervals gankarguleba 156-iT saqarTvelos erovnulma bankma damatebiT gaaxangrZliva auditi 2012 wlis 22 maisamde. es ukanaskneli ki isev gaxangrZlivda erovnuli bankis gankarguleba 643-iT, romelic TariRdeba 2012 wlis 21 maisiT.

17

55. b-ni ivaniSvilis mier progres bankis aqciebis SeZenidan mokle xanSi, es bankic daeqvemdebara msgavs ukanono audits, romelic gaxangrZlivebulia 2012 wlis 31 dekembramde11. (iii) qarTu jarimebi 56. 2012 wlis 12 marts, saqarTvelos kontrolis palatam daajarima qarTu banki 822,040 lariT (500,000 aSS dolari) TiTqosda ramac Sesaxeb bankisaTvis dakisrebuli politikuri

ganxorcielebuli viTomda

politikuri

Semowirulobis

gamo,

saqarTvelos

politikuri

gaerTianebebis

organuli kanonis 26-e muxli daarRvia (kanoni politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb). Bbanki dajarimda mxolod imisaTvis, rom man gadauxada isini iyo arc bonusebi wamyvan TanamSromlebs, mier raTa bankis ar

SeenarCunebina SesabamisobaSi

saqarTvelos sawarmoo

saxelmwifos qarTu

saqmianobis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli qmedebebis periodSi. bonusebi normebTan. banks ganuxorcielebia partiisaTvis; miuRiaT kanonis Semowiruloba mis (politikuri politikuri
12

arcerTi partiis)

politikuri TanamSromlebs Sesaxeb ar iyo am

premia-damatebebi. sityvasityviTi raime

gaerTianebebis pirobebSic bankis ki,

ganmartebis

aranairi gonivruli safuZveli imisa, rom kontrolis palatas gamoevlina darRveva qarTu metic, mxridan kanondeblobis farglebSi. ufro meTodi, romliTac

saqarTvelos sasamarTloebma mogvianebiT daakanones jarima iyo usamarTlo

11

da

warmoadgens

marTlmsajulebaze

uaris

Tqmas.

saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis vice prezidentis 2011 wlis 17 noembris gankarguleba 814; saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis vice prezidentis 2011 wlis 30 noembris gankarguleba 841; saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis vice prezidentis 2012 wlis 29 Tebervlis gankarguleba 184; saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis vice prezidentis 2012 wlis 31 maisis gankarguleba 681. Tavad kanoni politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb aris sakmaod saeWvo bunebis saerTaSoriso samarTlis kuTxiT, romelmac ganicada cvlilebebi ukanasknel TveebSi. aRniSnuli cvlilebebi miznad isaxavda b-ni ivaniSvilisTvis, rogorc xelisuflebis konkurenti ZalisTvis, politikuri uflebebis gamoyenebis xelSeSlas.

12

18

sabolood, qarTu bankma gadaixada es jarima sakuTari survilis sawinaaRmdegod, raTa Tavidan aecilebina saxelmwifos mxridan iZulebiTi xasiaTis qmedebebi. 57. aRniSnul mizezTa gamo, qarTu bankis winaaRmdeg jarimis

dakisreba arRvevs saerTaSoriso samarTals da ayenebs damatebiT zians b-n ivaniSvils. d. qarTu bankisa da progres bankis dayadaReba 58. qarTu bankis winaaRmdeg gatarebul piradad RonisZiebebTan b-n ivaniSvils, erTad, ramac

mTavrobam

jarima

daakisra

gamoiwvia aRsrulebis erovnuli biuros mier rogorc qarTu bankis, ise b-ni ivaniSvilis wilis dayadaReba progres bankSi. (i) b-n ivaniSvilze dakisrebuli politikuri jarimebi 59. 2012 wlis 7 ivniss, saqarTvelos kontrolis palatam mimarTa Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos imis Sesaxeb, rom TiTqosda bnma ivaniSvilma daarRvia politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb kanoni im kompaniebis meSveobiT, romlebic saxelmwifos azriT asocirdebian masTan 13 . sasamarTlom b-n ivaniSvils 24 saaTze naklebi dro misca, raTa momzadebuliyo sasamarTlos mTavari sxdomisaTvis. imave dReebSi, b-n ivaniSvils daekisra jarima 74,325,065 laris (44.9 milioni aSS dolari) odenobiT. 60. jarimebi aris metismetad gadaWarbebuli da saqarTvelos

sasamarTloebis daskvnebi am saqmeSi mravali TvalsazrisiT aris usafuZvlo, rogorc es aRwerilia (mokled) qvemoT mocemul e nawilSi. (ii) qarTu bankisa da progres bankis dayadaReba
13

Sps burji da Sps elita burji

19

61. b-nma ivaniSvilma uari ganacxada ukanono jarimebis gadaxdaze. 2012 wlis 2 ivliss aRsrulebis b-ni erovnulma ivaniSvilis qarTu biurom 21.7% daiwyo aqciebi 100% warmoeba, progres raTa bankSi. daeyadaRebina biurom aseve

daayadaRa

bankis

aqciebi, acxadebda ra, rom qarTu banki isev ekuTvnoda b-n ivaniSvils, miuxedavad imisa, rom 2012 wlis 30 aprils man gayida qarTu jgufSi (qarTu bankis deda kompania) arsebuli misi wili. 62. 2012 wlis 10 ivliss aRsrulebis erovnulma biurom onlain auqcionze gaitana orive bankis aqciebi, magram procesma ver moizida vercerTi myidveli. meore dRes aRsrulebis erovnulma biurom gamoacxada, rom awesebda saxelmwifo kontrols orive bankze, daayadaRa ra rogorc qarTu banki (romlis mesakuTreebi iyvnen ucxoeli investorebi, dakisrebuli romlebic jarimebis daisajnen gamo), ise b-ni b-ni

ivaniSvilisTvis

ivaniSvilis 21.7%-iani aqciebis paketi progres bankSi14. 63. xolo mas Semdeg, rac 2012 wlis 25 ivliss b-nma ivaniSvilma Seswira saxelmwifo biujets 80,000,000 lari, raTa daxmareboda momxdari wyaldidobiT dazaralebul mosaxleobas, aRsrulebis erovnulma biurom mosxna saxelmwifo kontroli qarTu banksa da progres bankze. ramdenadac Bb-ni ivaniSvilis iZulebiTi iyo misi winaaRmdeg da aRsrulebis investiciebis dakisrebuli saerTaSoriso RonisZiebanic, jarimebi samarTlis romelic ukanono kuTxiT, mimarTuli iyo saqarTvelosa

winaaRmdeg aseve iyo ukanono. e. saqarTvelos uaris Tqma sasamarTloebis mier marTlmsajulebaze

14

ixileT saqarTvelos erovnuli saaRsruleblo biuros 2011 wlis 11 ivlisis angariSi: http://nbe.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=ENG&sec_id=32&info_id=5369

20

64. sagadasaxado yadaRis kanonebis amoqmedebisa da qarTu bankSi datvirTul aqtivebze maTi gamoyenebis Semdeg, bankma Seitana

uamravi gancxadeba saqarTvelos sasamarTloebSi, moiTxovda ra (i) sarCelis uzrunvelyofis RonisZiebebs bankis sasargeblod

datvirTuli aqtivebis auqcionis an gayidvis SeCerebis mizniT; da (ii) sagadasaxado b-nma yadaRebisa da ukanono auqcionebis baTilad masze

cnobas.

ivaniSvilma

aseve

gaasaCivra

piradad

dakisrebuli jarimebic, romelic warmoadgenda

qarTu bankisa da

progress bankSi misi wilebis dayadaRebis safuZvels15. 65. im safuZvlebiT, iyo romlebic asaxulia rogorc danarTebSi mier am Tavmoyril saqmeebis aseve qmedeba,

saCivrebSi, ganxilva

saqarTvelos Sedegad,

sasamarTloebis saqarTvelos

usamarTlo,

procedurulad, sasamarTloTa

Sinaarsobrivad. calke

aRebuli,

arRvevs nakisr

saqarTvelos da

sainvesticio saerTaSoriso

xelSekrulebebiT

valdebulebebs

samarTlis konteqstSi utoldeba marTlmsajulebaze uaris Tqmas. 66. magaliTisTvis, aRsrulebis erovnulma biurom b-ni ivaniSvilis advokatebs Caabara maTi gancxadeba da TandarTuli

mtkicebulebebi (600 gverdze meti, amas damatebuli oTxi kompaqt diski) 2012 wlis 7 ivnisis naSuadRevsa da saRamos. sasamarTlo mosmenis drod CaniSnuli iyo Semdegi dRis dilis 10 saaTi. sxva sityvebiT rom TqvaT, b-ni ivaniSvilis advokatebs hqondaT sufTa 10 saaTi, raTa SeeswavlaT maT winaaRmdeg arsebuli yvela

mtkicebuleba da moemzadebinaT dacviTi pozicia. 67. rogorc Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlom, ise Tbilisis

saapelacio sasamarTlom uari Tqves b-ni ivaniSvilis moTxovnaze, raTa maTTvis gamoyofiliyo meti dro saqmisTvis mosamzadeblad. maT aseve uari Tqves raTa miecaT raime tipis saSualeba b-ni

ivaniSvilisTvis,

jvaredinad

daekiTxaT

xelisuflebis

15

ixileT danarTi a, romelSic mocemulia relevantur samarTalwarmoebaTa cxrili.

21

mowmeebi, romelTa gancxadebebic warmoadgendnen samarTlebrivi devnis safuZvels. 68. sasamarTlos ganCinebebi qarTu bankisa da b-ni ivaniSvilis

winaaRmdeg adasturebs susti sasamarTlo sistemis arsebobas, rac uaryofiTadaa Sefasebuli saerTaSoriso doneze. magaliTad, amerikis saxelmwifo departamentis 2011 wlis adamianis uflebebis dacvis angariSi gamoyofs, rom saqarTveloSi adamianis uflebebis dacvis kuTxiT erT-erTi ZiriTadi problemaa kanonis uzenaesobis deficiti, gamoyeneba16. III. iurisdiqcia xelSekrulebis mixedviT 69. saqarTvelos qmedeba warmoSobs pasuxismgeblobas, romlis iseTi, da rogoricaa saTanado sasamarTlos dacvis damoukideblobis samarTliani

uzrunvelyofa

procesis

safuZvelsac warmoadgens 1997 wlis 3 Tebervals safrangeTis respublikis dadebuli mTavrobasa da saqarTvelos da mTavrobas ormxrivi Soris dacvis investiciebis mxardaWerisa

Sesaxeb xelSekruleba (SemdgomSi xelSekruleba) da aseve saerTaSoriso CveulebiTi samarTali17. 70. b-ni ivaniSvili aris safrangeTis moqalaqe da maSasadame,

xelSekrulebis muxli 1(2)18-is miznebisTvis - frangi erovnebis. 71. 2012 wlis 30 aprilamde b-ni ivaniSvili iyo qarTu bankis

mTliani da erTaderTi beneficiari mesakuTre. igi aseve flobs s.s progres bankis aqciebis 21.7%-s.
16

amerikis saxelmwifo departamenti, demokratiis biuro, adamianis saqarTvelos angariSi adamianis uflebebis dacvis sakiTxebze (2011) xelSekruleba ZalaSi Sevida 2000 http://www.mfa.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=356&lang_id=ENG
18 17

uflebebi.

wlis

13

aprils:

ixileT:

xelSekrulebis muxli 1(2)-is Tanaxmad: termini moqalaqeebigulisxmobs fizikur pirebs, romelTac aqvT xelSekrulebis erT-erTi mxaris erovneba. frangul versiaSi: "Le terme de 'nationaux' dsigne les personnes physiques possdant la nationalit de l'une des Parties contractantes."

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1035189.03-London Server 1A - MSW

72. xelSekrulebis romlis muxli

Tanaxmad, 1(1)-iT

b-ni

ivaniSvilis

qarTu

bankisa

da

progres bankis saaqcio kapitalis wili aris daculi investicia, investicia gansazRvrulia, rogorc

yvela aqtivi, saqoneli, nebismieri ufleba da kerZod, magram ara amomwuravad..(b) aqciebi, aqciebis premiebi da monawileobis sxva formebi, Tundac mciredi an arapirdapiri, xelSekrulebis erT-erTi mxaris teritoriaze arsebul kompaniebSi.19 73. maSasadame, mocemuli dava aris sainvesticio dava, erTis mxriv, safrangeTis moqalaqesa da, meores mxriv, saqarTvelos Soris. xelSekrulebis me-7 muxli exeba savaldebulo arbitraJs ICSID konvenciis Sesabamisad. IV. xelSekrulebis darRveva

74. mocemuli Setyobinebis II nawilSi aRwerili qmedebebi arRvevs saqarTvelos mier xelSekrulebiT nakisr valdebulebebs, maT Soris (SeuzRudavad) me-3, me-4 da me-5 muxlebSi mocemul garantiebs. 75. ormxrivi sainvesticio xelSekrulebis 3(1) muxli saqarTvelos avaldebulebs b-ni ivaniSvilis investiciebs moepyros

samarTlianad da Tanasworad. igi adgens: TiToeuli monawile mxare Tavis teritoriasa da

sazRvao zonaSi saerTaSoriso samarTlis principebis Sesabamisad

19

daicavs

samarTlian

da

frangulad: "Le terme 'investissement' dsigne tous les avoirs, tels que les biens, droits et intrts de toutes natures et, plus particulirement mais non exclusivement: . . . b) Les actions, primes d'mission et autres formes de participation, mme minoritaires ou indirectes, aux socits constitues sur le territoire de l'une des Parties contractantes igive safuZvelze, mocemuli dava aseve kvalificirdeba rogorc dava uSualod gamomdinare investiciidan zemoT aRniSuli konvenciis muxli 25(1)-is konteqstis Tanaxmad.

23

Tanasworuflebian reJims meore monawile mxaris moqalaqeebis ganxorcielebuli an sazogadoebebis mimarT mier da kapitaldabandebebis

uzrunvelyofs, rom amgvarad aRiarebuli uflebis gamoyenebas ar Seeqmneba kanonieri Tu faqtiuri winaaRmdegoba.20 76. ormxrivi saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis me-4 muxli b-n

ivaniSvilis investiciebsa da masTan dakavSirebul saqmianobebs (arbitraJisTvis mimarTvis CaTvliT) aniWebs mopyrobis erovnuli reJimisa da erovnuli mopyrobis yvelaze xelsayreli reJimis uflebas. igi adgens: TiToeuli sazRvao monawile zonaSi mxare Tavis teritoriasa moqalaqeebsa da da

meore

mxaris

sazogadoebebs, maT investiciebsa da investiciebTan dakavSirebul aranakleb moqalaqeebis upiratesi an saqmianobas Seufardebs vidre da imaze Tavisi ufro xelSemwyob reJimis reJims, mqone

sazogadoebebisTvis

saxelmwifoebis Tuki igi ufro

moqalaqeebisTvisaa xelsayrelia.21

miniWebuli,

20

frangulad:

Chacune des Parties contractantes s'engage assurer, sur son territoire et dans sa zone maritime, un traitement juste et quitable, conformment aux principes du Droit international, aux investissements des nationaux et socits de l'autre Partie et faire en sorte que l'exercice du droit ainsi reconnu un traitement juste et quitable ne soit entrav ni en droit, ni en fait.
21

frangulad:

Chaque Partie contractante applique, sur son territoire et dans sa zone maritime, aux nationaux ou socits de l'autre Partie, en ce qui concerne leurs investissements et activits lies ces investissements, un traitement non moins favorable que celui accord ses nationaux ou socits, ou le traitement accord aux nationaux ou socits de la nation la plus favorise, si celui-ci est plus avantageux.

24

77. xelSekrulebis me-4 muxlis Tanaxmad, b-ni ivaniSvili itovebs uflebas ixelmZRvanelos saqarTveloSi moqmedi sxva

sainvesticio xelSekrulebebis ufro xelsayreli pirobebiT, maT Soris am xelSekrulebebSi mocemuli davebis gadawyvetis ufro xelsayreli pirobebiT22. 78. xelSekrulebis me-5 muxlis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelo valdebulia uzrunvelyos b-ni ivaniSvilis investiciebis sruli dacva da usafrTxoeba. mocemuli xelSekrulebiT ikrZaleba saqarTvelos mier am investiciebis eqspropriacia, garda sazogadoebrivi

saWiroebiT safuZvelze sabazro

gamowveuli eqsproprirebuli

SemTxvevisa, dauzianebeli pirobiT

aradiskriminaciul qonebis (e.i. realuri Rirebulebis

Rirebulebis

gadaxdis

nebismieri Semcireba, romelic gamowveuli iqneba saxelmwifos ukanono qmedebiT an misgan gamomdinare safrTxiT, gamoricxul unda iqnes). me-5 muxlis Tanaxmad: erT-erTi monawile mxaris mier sargebloben moqalaqeebisa meore da

sazogadoebebis kapitaldabandebani

ganxorcielebuli monawile

mxaris teritoriaze an sazRvao zonaSi usafrTxoebis sruli da mTliani dacviT. monawile mxareTagan erTi mxare meore mxaris

moqalaqeebisa da sazogadoebebis, aseve maTi kuTvnili

22

davis gadawyvetis sxva ufro xelsayreli pirobebi moicavs (SezRudvis gareSe) im pirobebs, romeli pirobebic mocemulia 1998 wlis 3 Tebervals niderlandebis samefosa da saqarTvelos Soris investiciebis waxalisebisa da ormxrivi dacvis xelSekrebulebaSi (niderlandebi-saqarTvelos BIT xelSekruleba), romlis me-9 muxli aZlevs uflebas holandiel investorebs saqarTveloSi awarmoon saarbitraJo procedurebi 1965 wlis ICSID konvenciis Tanaxmad davis mSvidobiani gziT mogvarebis winaswari mcdelobis gareSe. winamdebare SetyobinebaSi mSvidobian molaparakebaze msgavsi SeTavazeba, an ivaniSvilis mier gakeTebuli SeTavazeba aris keTili nebis gamoxatva da ar gamomdinareobs ivaniSvilze dakisrebuli valdebulebebidan an ICSID arbitraJis winapirobebidan.

25

investiciebis mimarT TavianT teritoriasa da sazRvao zonaSi ar mimarTaven eqspropriaciisa Tu nacionalizaciis zomebs, an yovel im zomas, romelsac pirdapir Tu arapirdapir qonebis CamorTmevis

tolfasi Sedegi eqneba, Tuki es zomebi saWiro ar iqneba sazogadoebrivi interesis dasacavad. amasTan im pirobiT, rom isini arc diskriminaciuli iqneba da arc calkeuli valdebulebebis sawinaaRmdego. mosalodnel qonebis CamorTmevis yvela zomas Tan unda daerTos swrafi da adeqvaturi kompensacia,

romlic odenobac ganisazRvreba investiciis realuri Rirebulebis Sesabamisad. investiciis Sefaseba unda moxdes normaluri ekonomikuri mdgomareobis dros, qonebis CamorTmevis saSiSroebis wamoWramde.

es anazRaureba, gadasaxadis odenoba da gadaxdis pirobebi unda dadgindes ara ugvianes qonebis CamorTmevis TariRisa. unda arsebobdes kompensaciis daubrkoleblad Seferxebis Tavisuflad procenti.23 gareSe ganxorcielebis moxdes misi gadaxda saSualeba, da iyos

transferebadi,

Sesabamisi

sabazro

kursis mixedviT mas gadaxdis TariRamde ericxeba

23

frangul teqstSi: 1. Les investissements effectus par des nationaux ou socits de l'une ou l'autre des Parties contractantes bnficient, sur le territoire et dans la zone maritime de l'autre Partie contractante, d'une protection et d'une scurit pleines et entires. 2. Les Parties contractantes ne prennent pas de mesures d'expropriation ou de nationalisation ou toutes autres mesures dont l'effet est de dpossder, directement ou indirectement les nationaux et socits de l'autre Partie des investissements leur appartenant sur leur territoire et dans leur zone maritime, si ce n'est pour cause d'utilit publique et condition que ces mesures ne soient ni discriminatoires, ni contraires un engagement particulier. Toutes les mesures de dpossession qui pourraient tre prises doivent donner lieu au paiement d'une indemnit prompte et adquate dont le montant, gal la valeur relle des investissements concerns,

26

79. saqarTvelos

mier

xelSekrulebis

darRvevam

b-n

ivaniSvils

arsebiTi ziani miayena, romlis odenobis dadgena SesaZlebelia molaparakebis gziT an saarbitraJo warmoebis meSveobiT, rogorc ufro mosaxerxebeli iqneba. V. moTxovnili anazRaureba 80. b-ni ivaniSvili iTxovs zianis srul anazRaurebas mis mimarT ganxorcielebuli ukanono qmedebebis gamo, xelSekrulebisa da saerTaSoriso CveulebiTi samarTlis safuZvelze. mocemul SemTxvevaSi, reparacia/kompensacia unda moicavdes zianis, aseve moraluri zianis anazRaurebas, romelic miadga b-n ivaniSvils saqarTvelos mier xelSekrulebis darRvevis gamo. VI. moTxovna mSvidobian molaprakebaze ukve ramdenime Tvea cnobilia im faqtebis

81. saqarTvelosTvis

Sesaxeb, romlebmac warmoSva es sajaro dava. marTlac, dava warmoSva b-ni ivaniSvilis winaaRmdeg mimarTulma saxelmwifos qmedebebma, romelic daiwyo jer kidev 2011 wlis oqtomberSi da romlis aRmofxvris SesaZlebloba saxelmwifom ar gamoiyena, miuxedavad uamravi saSualebisa da araerTi mimarTvisa. 82. aRniSnuli winaswari mimarTvebi moicavs oficialur saCivrebs parlamentis winaSe, sajaro gancxadebebs, werilebs Sesabamisi saxelmwifo organoebis mimarT (saqarTvelos erovnuli banki, finansTa saministro, iseve, Sinagan saqmeTa saministro da

prokuratura),

rogorc

mraval

sasamarTlo

warmoebas

doit tre valu par rapport une situation conomique normale et antrieure toute menace de dpossession. Cette indemnit, son montant et ses modalits de versement sont fixs au plus tard la date de la dpossession. Cette indemnit est effectivement ralisable, verse sans retard et librement transfrable. Elle produit, jusqu' la date de versement, des intrts calculs au taux d'intrt de march appropri.

27

qarTul

sasamarTloebSi
24

Sesabamisi Zalisxmevis

saxelmwifo garda,

organoebis hqonda

winaaRmdeg

aRniSnuli

adgili

araerT uSedego mcdelobas epovaT xelisuflebamde misasvleli gza mesame pirTa da organizaciaTa meSveobiT, rogoric aris msoflio banki, saerTaSoriso savaluto fondi da saerTaSoriso savaWro palata 25 . miuxedavad yoveli Zalisxmevisa, sakiTxi rCeba gadauWreli. 83. Sesabamisad, raime damatebiTi Txovna megobrul molaparakebebze, TiTqmis darwmunebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom uSedego iqneba,

gansakuTrebiT xelisuflebis mkveTri kampaniis fonze, romelic mimarTulia b-ni ivaniSvilis winaaRmdeg. 84. imis miuxedavad, rom eWvqveS ar dgeba b-ni ivaniSvilis ufleba daiwyos ICSID an saarbitraJo dava raime damatebiTi pirobis b-ni

wamoyenebis ivaniSvili

saqarTvelosaTvis aZlevs

Setyobinebis ukanasknel

gareSe,

saqarTvelos

SesaZleblobas

keTilsindisierad CaerTos davis gadawyvetis ganxilvebSi. b-ni

24

ss qarTu bankis generaluri direqtoris werili saqarTvelos finansuri monitoringis samsaxuris ufross, 2011 wlis 31 oqtomberi; ss qarTu bankis generaluri direqtoris werili saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis prezidents, 2011 wlis 1 noemberi; ss qarTu bankis generaluri direqtoris werili saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis prezidents, 2011 wlis 18 noemberi; ss qarTu bankis generaluri direqtoris werili saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis prezidents, 2011 wlis 30 dekemberi; ss qarTu bankis generaluri direqtoris werili saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis sabWos, 2011 wlis 30 dekemberi; ss qarTu bankis generaluri direqtoris werili Sinagan saqmeTa saministros Zveli Tbilisis raionuli departamentis me-7 ganyofilebis ufross, 2011 wlis 12 dekemberi; ss qarTu bankis direqtoris pirveli moadgilis werili Zveli Tbilisis raionis prokurors, 2012 wlis 9 marti; ss qarTu bankis generaluri direqtoris werili saqarTvelos erovnuli bankis prezidents, 2012 wlis 8 ivnisi; sainformacio memorandumi saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvels, 2012 wlis 24 aprili. aRniSnul werilTa aslebi Tan erTvis winamdebare Setyobinebas. saqarTveloSi amerikis savaWro palatis werili saqarTvelos premier-ministrs, 2011 wlis 14 dekemberi; ss qarTu bankis generaluri direqtoris werili saqarTvelos sabanko asociacias, 2012 wlis 11 ivnisi; ss qarTu bankis generaluri direqtoris werili saerTaSoriso savaWro palatas, 2012 wlis 18 ivnisi; ss qarTu bankis generaluri direqtoris werili saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis aRmasrulebel direqtors, 2012 wlis 22 ivnisi; ss qarTu bankis generaluri direqtoris werili msoflio bankTa jgufis prezidents, 2012 wlis 22 ivnisi. aRniSnul werilTa aslebi Tan erTvis winamdebare Setyobinebas.

25

28

ivaniSvili ivaniSvilis

iTxovs

saqarTvelosgan,

rom

saqarTvelom 14

b-ni dRis

samarTlebrivi

mrCevlebisaTvis

ganmavlobaSi werilobiTi formiT gagzavnili Setyobinebis gziT daadasturos: (i) cnobs da aRiarebs Tu ara saqarTvelo, rom qarTu bankisa da progres bankis winaaRmdeg ganxorcielebuli qmedebebi, moyvanili winamdebare Setyobinebis II nawilSi, iyo politikurad motivirebuli; 26 da (ii) aris Tu ara saqarTvelo mzad gadawyvitos es dava dauyovnebliv keTilsindisieri molaparakebebiT, romelTa mizania b-n ivaniSvilze miyenebuli zianis daTvla da anazRaureba moxdes saerTaSoriso samarTlis Sesabamisad. Sexvdnen saqarTvelos b-ni ivaniSvilis wevrebs am warmomadgenlebi periodis mocemuli mzad arian Tu

mTavrobis

ganmavlobaSi,

mxridan

SetyobinebaSi

informaciis

garda, damatebiTi informaciis wardgena iqneba moTxovnili. 85. b-ni ivaniSvili itovebs uflebas daiwyos ICSID saarbitraJo saqmiswarmoeba safuZvelze, nebismier damatebiTi dros xelSekrulebis me-7 muxlis imis

Setyobinebis

gareSe,

gaTvaliswinebiT, rom saqarTvelo didi xania aris davis saqmis kursSi qarTu bankis meSveobiT gacxadebuli saCivrebis gziTa

da xelisuflebis bunebis gaTvaliswinebiT, romelic awarmoebs mizanmimarTul kampanias mis winaaRmdeg, rac absurduls xdis mosazrebas, rom xelisuflebas surs urTierTSeTanxmebis gziT gadawyvitos aRniSnuli dava. ICSID saarbitraJo saqmiswarmoebis ufleba gaTvaliswinebulia xelSekrulebis pirobebiT, aq

miTiTebuli molaparakebis periodis arasavaldebulo xasiaTiTa da davis gadawyvetis ufro xelsayreli proceduriT, romelic dadgenilia saqarTvelos mier sxva sainvesticio

26

es SekiTxva miznad isaxavs xelisuflebis davalebis gamartivebas da misi keTilsindisierebis dadgenas. is ar unda iyos aRqmuli, rogorc saqarTvelos pasuxismgeblobis farglebis SezRudva xelSekrulebisa da saerTaSoriso samarTlis Tanaxmad.

29

xelSekrulebebiT,

niderlandebsa

da

saqarTvelos

Soris

dadebuli sainvesticio xelSekrulebis me-9 muxlis CaTvliT. 86. am SetyobinebasTan dakavSirebuli yvela komunikacia unda

gaigzavnos Semdeg misamarTze: Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP 1440 New York Avenue N.W. vaSingtoni 20005 amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi telefoni: + (1 202) 371-7000 faqsi:+ (1 202) 393-5760 gregori qreigis sayuradRebod: gregory.craig@skadden.com Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom (UK) LLP 40 Bank Street Canary Wharf londoni E14 5DS gaerTianebuli samefo telefoni: ++(44 20) 7519-7000 faqsi: ++(44 20) 7519-7070 keril neirnis sayuradRebod: karyl.nairn@skadden.com devid herlihis sayuradRebod: david.herlihy@skadden.com

pativiscemiT warmodgenilia, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom (UK) LLP biZina ivaniSvilis saxeliT

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