Tuyn chn 100 bi phng trnh, h pt hay & kh lp 10-NTP-Hoa L A

1)
2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

5x 2 + 14 x 9 x 2 x 20 = 5. x + 1
x 5 15x 3 + 45x 27 = 0
11
25

=1
x 2 ( x + 5) 2
4

9)

10)

11)
12)

3x = x 3 + 30

x 3 xy 2 + 2000 y = 0
3
y yx 2 500 x = 0
5
27 x 10 5x 6 + 5 864 = 0
x2 + x 1 + x2 + x +1 = x2 x + 2

7)

8)

( x 2)( 4 x ) + 4 x 2 + 4 4 x + 6x

12 x 2 48 x +64 = y 3

2
3
12 y 48 y +64 = z

2
3

12 z 48 z +64 = x

x 19 + y 5 = 1890 z + z 2001

19
5
2001
y + z = 1890 x + x
19
5
2001

z + x = 1890 y + y
2 x +1 = y 3 + y 2 + y

3
2
2 y +1 = z + z + z

3
2

2z +1 = x + x + x

( x 18)( x 7 )( x + 35)( x + 90 ) = 2001x 2

( 2001 x ) 4 + ( 2003 x ) 4 = 2000

1 x 2x + x 2
=
x
1+ x2
a bx ( b + c ) x + x 2 Vi a ,b,c >0
xut:
=
cx
a + x2
14) x 2 + 4 x = 2 x 2 5x 1
13)

xut :

b2 a 2
ba a + b
ba
x
x a + b x = ( b a ) x

2
2
2
2

(Vi a + 2 < b )
15)

3x 2 x + 2001 3 3x 2 7 x + 2002 3 6x 2003 = 3 2002

3

8x 3 + 2001
16)
2002 = 4004 x 2001

( x a )( x b ) + ( x c )( x b ) + ( x a )( x c ) = 1
17)
c( c a )( c b ) a ( a c )( a b ) b( b a )( b c ) x
Trong a;b;c khc nhau v khc khng

Tuyn chn 100 bi phng trnh, h pt hay & kh lp 10-NTP-Hoa L A

18)
19)

x = 1 1978 1 1978 x 2
x x 2 1 = 2

20)

x + 2 x + .... + 2 x + 2 3x = x

21)

1 x2 + 4 x2 + x 1 + 6 1 x 1 = 0

22)

1 x = x
3

23)
24)

25)

26)

x2 2 = 2 x3

1 + 1 x 2 (1 + x ) (1 x ) = 2 + 1 x 2
36
4
+
= 28 4 x 2 y 1
x2
y 1
3

x 4 10 x 3 2( a 11) x 2 + 2( 5a + 6) x + 2a + a 2 = 0

27) Tm

m phng trnh :

(x

1 ( x + 3)( x + 5) = m

c 4 nghim phn bit x1 ; x2 ; x3 ; x4 tha mn

1
1
1
1
+
+
+
= 1
x1 x 2 x 3 x 4

x 5 x 4 + 2 x 2 y = 2
5
4
2
28) y y + 2 y z = 2
5
4
2
z z + 2z x = 2
29)
30)
31)

32)

33)

34)

35)

36)

Tm nghim dng ca phng trnh

18x 2 18x x 17 x 8 x 2 = 0
4
17 x 8 3 2x 8 1 = 1
x 2 + 2 x = 2x 2 2 x
x 4 + y 4 + z 4 = 8( x + y + z )

xyz = 8

19 + 10 x 4 14 x 2 = 5x 2 38 x 2 2
x 2 6125 210 12 x
+ 2 +

=0
5
x
5
x
y 3 6x 2 + 12 x 8 = 0
3
2
x 6z + 12z 8 = 0
3
2
z 6 y + 12 y 8 = 0

(x + 3

)(

x + 2 x + 9 x + 18 = 168 x

Tuyn chn 100 bi phng trnh, h pt hay & kh lp 10-NTP-Hoa L A

37) Tm m h phng trnh sau c ng 2 nghim.

( x + y ) 8 = 256
8
x + y 8 = m + 2
38) x =
2 x 3 x + 5 x 3 x + 5 x 2 x
2 2
39)
+ x = x+9
x +1
a
xut:
+ x = x + a +1
(a > 1)
x +1
40) 13 x 1 + 9 x + 1 = 16 x
28
27
2
41) 2 . 4 27 x + 24 x +
= 1+
x+6
3
2
42)
5x 1 + 3 9 x = 2x 2 + 3x 1
x + y + z = 1

43) x
y z x+y y+z
y + z + x = y + z + x + y +1

44)

x 3 3x 2 + 2

( x + 2) 3 6x = 0

a b
= c xz
x z
b c
45) = a xy
y x
c a
= c yz
z y
46)
47)

48)

(x

Trong a;b;c

R *+

)(

12 x 64 x 2 + 30 x + 125 + 8000 = 0
( x 2 ) x 1 2x + 2 = 0

x 1 + x 2 +... + x n = n

x 1 +8 + x 2 +8 +... + x n + 8 = 3n

49) Cho h phng trnh:

n
xi =n

i =1
; b >1
n
x + b 2 1 = bn
i

i =1

50)

3x =x 3+x
Tng qut:
bx + c = x px + q

51) x = 2004 +
Tng qut:

)(

x 1 1 x

)(

.CMR:H phng trnh c nghim duy nht x1 = x2 = ...= xn = 1

vi

a; b; q; p R & q 2 = 3pb.

ax = b + c x d d 2 e x
3

vi a;b;c;d;e l cc hng s cho trc.

Tuyn chn 100 bi phng trnh, h pt hay & kh lp 10-NTP-Hoa L A

52)

53)

4x 2 4x 10 = 8x 2 6x 10
3

x ( 2 + 3y ) = 1

x y 2 = 3

3
2

x +3xy = 49
2
2

x 8xy + y = 8 y 17 x

54)
55)

56)

16 x 4 + 5 = 6 .3 4x 3 + x
x 2 ( x +1) = 2( y 3 x ) +1

2
3
y ( y +1) = 2(z y ) +1
2
3
z ( z +1) = 2(x z ) +1

57) 3 3x + 1 + 3 5 x + 3 2 x 9 3 4 x 3 = 0
Tng qut:

a 1 x + b1 + 3 a 2 x + b 2 + 3 a 3 x + b 3 = 3 ( a 1 + a 2 + a 3 ) x + b1 + b 2 + b 3

x + y = 2
58) 3

y + x = 2
6 k +3

+y =2
x
Tng qut:
6 k +3

+x = 2
y

( k N )

59)

x 2 x 1000 1 + 8000 x = 1000

60)

x + 5 + x 1 = 6

61) Tm nghim dng ca phng trnh:

2x +

x + 4 x (1 x ) + 4 ( 1 x ) = 1 x + 4 x 3 + 4 x 2 ( 1 x )
2

62)
63)

(x

64)

65)

66)

67)
68)

x 1
1
1
= 1 + 3 x
x
x
x

+ 1 = 81x 27

x +1 3 x 1 = 6 x2 1
2 x 2 3x + 2 = 3 x 3 + 8
y 3 9x 2 + 27 x 27 = 0
3
2
z 9 y + 27 y 27 = 0
3
2
x 9z + 27 z 27 = 0

15
30 x 2 4x = 2004 30060 x + 1 + 1
2
5x 2 + 14 x + 9 x 2 x 20 = 5 x + 1

Tuyn chn 100 bi phng trnh, h pt hay & kh lp 10-NTP-Hoa L A

30

30

30

69)

y
+ 4 y = 2004
x2
z
+ 4z = 2004
y2
x
+ 4 x = 2004
z2

x 2 + 15 = 3 .3 x 2 + x 2 + 8

70)
71)

x 3 3 3x 2 3x + 3 = 0

72)

y 3 6 x 2 +12 x 8 = 0

3
2
z 6 y +12 y 8 = 0
3
2

x 6 z +12 z 8 = 0

73)

3x 2 x + 2002 3 3x 2 6x + 2003 3 5x 2004 = 3 2003

x 3 + 1 = 3.3 3x 1

74)

x 2 4x + 2 = x + 2

75)

Bi tp tng t:
a)

20 x 2 + 52 x + 53 = 2x 1
b) 18 x 2 + 17 x 8 = 1 5x
c) 18 x 2 37 x + 5 = 14 x + 9
4x + 9
d)
= 7x 2 + 7x
28
7

3 x + 332 x + 3128 = 316 x +1

77) Cho 0 < a < c < d < b ; a + b = c + d
76)

GPT:

x + a 2 + x + b2 = x + c2 + x + d2

78)

x 2 4x + 6 = 2x 2 5x + 3 + 3x 2 + 9x 5

79)

2 x + x 2 y = y

2
2 y + y z = z

2z + z x = x

80)

x 2 x + 19 + 7 x 2 + 8x + 13 + 13x 2 + 17 x + 7 = 3 3 ( x + 2)

81)

4 x 2 + 4 x + 1 + x 2 + y 2 2 y 3 = 4 x 4 16 + 5 y

82)

83)

x 2 8x + 816 + x 2 + 10 x + 267 = 2003

1
1
1

3 x + = 4 y + = 5 z +
x
y
z

xy + yz + xz =1

Tuyn chn 100 bi phng trnh, h pt hay & kh lp 10-NTP-Hoa L A

84)

x 2 + 21 = y 1 + y 2
2
y + 21 = x 1 + x 2

1 x 2 = 4 x 3 3x
86) x 2 + x + 1 x 2 x 1 = m
85)

Tm m phng trnh c nghim

87) Tm a phng trnh c nghim duy nht

88)

2 + x + 4 x 8 + 2x x 2 = a
x + y + z = 0
2
2
2
x + y + z = 10
7
7
7
x + y + z = 350

89)

x +30 .4 + y 2001 = 2121

x 2001 + y +30 .4 = 2121

90)

3 2 x 2 + 1 1 = x 1 + 3x + 8 2 x 2 + 1

) (

91) 2 x 2 + 2 5 x 3 + 1 = 0
3
2
2
2
x +y +z = 2

92) xy +yz +xz =

4

xyz =

x + x 2 y 2
9x
=

5
x x 2 y 2
93)
5 +3x
x
y =6(5 y )

94)

95)

x 2 + x + 1 x 2 + 3x + 1 5
+
=
x 2 + 2x + 1 x 2 + 4x + 1 6
25
1
1369
+
+
= 86 x 5 y 3 z 606
x 5
y 3
z 606

6
10
+
=4
2x
3 x

96)

97)
98)

99)

100)

x 2 7 x + 8 + 3 x 2 6x + 7 3 2x 2 13x 12 = 3
x 3 6 .3 6x + 4 4 = 0
x 2 3x + 1 =

3
x4 + x2 +1
3

1+ x3 2
=
x2 + 2 5

HNG DN GII 100 BI PT & HPT

Tuyn chn 100 bi phng trnh, h pt hay & kh lp 10-NTP-Hoa L A

1)

x5

K:
Chuyn v ri bnh phng:

)(

5x 2 +
14x+9= x+2 24x
+ + 5 10.
x 2 x+ 20 x 1
4x
2 10x
+ = 4 10.
x+ 5( +
x 4 ) (x 1

)(

)(
+4x( 5

)
)

2x
2 +
5x= 2 5. x
2 4x
+ 5 x 4
2(x
2
4x+5) +3=
x 4
( 5.)x

5
u= x 4x

v = (x+ 4 )

) ....

+
( x +3 ) x( 4 3x 3 6x

2) GPT:x

18x
=9

3)

)(

x 4

2
3x
36x +
18x 9
= 0

x 4 3x 2 x( 1 9
) x (1=
t: x- 1 = y

0)

x4 3x2y =
9y 2 0
2x=2
3y 3y 5

x 0; x 5
t x+5 = y 0
=
x y
(
K:

)2

4
PT y
10y+3 39y 2 250y
+ =
625 0

4)

2
y+

K:

2x4

25
625
10+ y + =

39 0
2
y
y

p dng Cauchy:

(x 2) 4( x

+
( x 2 =
) 4(

6x 3x =
2 27x 27+ x

p dng Bunhia:

5)

( )

x x 2 y
2 =

2000y 1

y x
2 =
y 2 500x 2

Nu x = 0
Nu

( )

y = 0 ( 0;0 ) l n o

x 0.Rt x 2 y 2

t (1) th vo (2) ta c:

2000y

= 500y
x

6)

x 2 + 4 4x

y 0
2
2
x =4y

27 x 10 5x 6 + 5 864 = 0

V x = 0 khng l nghim ca pt nn chia c 2 v cho x6 ta c pt:

27 x +

32.27
=5
x6

x
1

Tuyn chn 100 bi phng trnh, h pt hay & kh lp 10-NTP-Hoa L A

2
1
5
=
5
.
27
x6
2 x4 x4 x4
1
1
1
4
p dng CauChy: x +
=
+
+
+ 6 + 6 5.5
6
3
3
3 x
27
x
x
x4 +

7)

x2 + x 1 + x2 + x + 1 = x2 x + 2
x 2 + x 1 0
K:
x 2 + x + 1 0
p dng Cauchy:

x2 + x 1+1 x2 + x
x + x 1
=
2
2
2
x + x + 1 + 1 x2 + x + 2
2
x + x +1
=
2
2
2
2
x + x 1 + x + x +1 x +1
2
T PT x 2 x + 2 x + 1 ( x 1) 0
2

12 x 2 48x + 64 = y 3 (1)

2
3
8) 12 y 48 y + 64 = z ( 2 )
2
3
12z 48z + 64 = x ( 3)

G/s (x; y; z) l nghim ca h phng trnh trn th d thy ( y; z; x); (z; y; x) cng l nghim ca h do c th gi
s :
x = max{x; y; z}

12 x 2 48x + 64 =12 x 2 4x + 4 + 16 16

y 3 16 y 2
Tng t x 2 ; z 2
Tr (1) cho (3): y3 x3 = 12(x2 z2) 48(x-z)
y3 x3 = 12(x z)(x+z-4)

VT 0; VT 0 . Du = xy ra x = y = z
x 19 + y 5 = 1890 z + z 2001
19
5
2001
9) y + z = 1890 x + x
19
5
2001
z + x = 1890 y + y

Ta i cm h trn c nghim duy nht x = y = z

Gi s (x,y,z) l nghim ca h

trnh

( x; y; z)

khng mt tnh tng qut ta gi s t nht 2 trong 3 s x, y, z khng m. V d:

( 1) z 0 .

Cng tng v phng trnh ta c:

(z

cng l nghim ca h

2001

Ta c:

) (

) (

) (

x 0; y 0 . T phng

) (

) (

+ 1890z + x 2001 + 1890x + y 2001 + 1890z = z19 + z 5 + x19 + x 5 + y19 + y5 .

0 < t 1 t 2001 + 1890t t19 + t 5

t 2000 + 1890 t18 + t 4 (ng)
t > 1 t 2001 + 1890t > t19 + t 5
8

Tuyn chn 100 bi phng trnh, h pt hay & kh lp 10-NTP-Hoa L A

Tht vy:

t 2001 + 1890 > 1 + t 2000 2t1000

c si

> t18 + t 4 (pcm)

Vy x = y = z

Bi 10: + Nu x < 0 t

( 3) 2z + 1 < 0 z <

1
1
1
y<
x<
2
2
2

Cng 3 phng trnh vi nhau:

( x + 1) ( x 1) + ( y + 1) ( y 1) + ( z + 1) ( z 1) = 0 (*)
2

1
1
1
x < ; y < ;z < ( *) v nghim
2
2
2
x > 0; y > 0;z > 0
Gi ( x; y;z ) l nghim ca h phng trnh, khng mt tnh tng qut ta gi s: x = max { x;y;z}
Vi

Tr (1) cho (3) ta c:

2 ( x z ) = ( y x ) x 2 + y 2 + xy + x + y + 1
VT 0
du " = " x = y = z ....

VP 0

Bi 11: PT

(x

)(

+ 17x 630 x 2 + 83x 630 = 2001x 2 .

chia 2 v phng trnh cho x 2

630
630

Ta c: x + 17
x + 83
= 2001
x
x

630
t: x
=t
x
Do x = 0 khng phi l nghim ca phng trnh

Bi 12: t/d: pt:

( x + a)

+ ( x + b) = c
4

0 < x 1
1 x
2x 1
PT
= 1+
(*)
x
1+ x2
1
+ x =
l nghim pt (*)
2
VP > 1
1
+
< x 1 :
2
VT < 1
1 VT>1
+ 0<x<
:
2 VP<1

t:

y=x+

a+b
2

Bi 13: k:

Tuyn chn 100 bi phng trnh, h pt hay & kh lp 10-NTP-Hoa L A

10