1

2
3
4
5
6

6.1
6.2 Leopolds maneuver
6.3

7
8

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...........................................
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...............................................
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1.
2.
3.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

-

-

-
-

-

(Leopolds maneuver)
1 First Leopold Handgrip (Fundal Grip)

1.

2.
ballottement
ballottement
2 Second Leopold Handgrip (Umbilical Grip)
1.

2.
(large part)
(small part)

3 Third Leopold Handgrip (Pawlik Grip) attitude

1.
2. ballottement

3.
(float)
(engagement)

4. cephalic prominence

 4 Fourth Leopold Handgrip (Bilateral Inquinal Grip)

1.
2.

3.

4.
ballottement
cephalic prominence cephalic prominence
cephalic prominence
Vertex presentation

left scapula region

 120-160
1
100
20-25

(1) (umbilical cord souffle funic souffle)

(2) (uterine souffle)

(3)

(Fetal shocking
sound)

1.
(ovoid shape) 2

2.
- (brow sinciput)

- (vertex)
- (occiput)
- (subocciput)
- (biparietal)

- (bitemporal)

3. (lie)

3.1. (longitudinal lie)

3.2. (transverse lie)

4. (attitude)

4.1. (flexion)

4.2. (deflexion)
5. (presentation)
2
5.1. (cephalic presentation) 97
5.2. (breech presentation)
6. (denominator)
(, 2529; , 2537)
6.1. (vertex presentation)
(occiput)
6.2. (bregma presentation)
(occiput)
6.3. (brow presentation)
(frontal)
6.4. (face presentation)

6.5. (breech presentetion) (sacrum)

7. (position)

6 (Dickason, 1998)
7.1. (left occiput anterior)
LOA
7.2. (left occiput transverse) LOT
7.3. (left occiput posterior) LOP
7.4. (right occiput anterior) ROA
7.5. (right occiput transverse) ROT
7.6. (right occiput posterior) ROP