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並網型光伏發電系統變頻器尺寸規劃 (Sizing the inverter)
並網型光伏發電系統變頻器尺寸規劃 (Sizing the inverter)
Photovoltaic Systems)
Planning and Installing Photovoltaic
Systems A guide for installers, architects
and engineers ( second edition ).
First published by Earthscan in the UK and
USA in 2008.
Copyright The German Energy Society
4.4
4.4.1
4.4.2
4.4.2.1
4.4.2.2
4.4.2.3
4.4.3
4.4.4
4.5
4.4
( Sizing the inverter )
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
(
4.6KVA)
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
2004 3 VDN
(VDN bulletin 03/2004)
10
10
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
20
10
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
-20
+20
11
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
(PV power)
(
)
12
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
25C
(2C) ( )
13
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
PPV =
PINV DC =
14
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
( )
PPV = =
1000W
PINV DC =
0.8 PPV < PINV DC < 1.2 PPV
800W < P
< 1200W
15
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
C INV =
PPV
PINV AC
16
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
(Level of utilization)
1
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
18
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
(Freiburg) Fraunhofer
ISE (Fraunhofer - Institute For Solar
Energy System)(
- )
Bruno Berger
19
( Freiburg )
http://www.google.com
20
21
--
http://www.tpwu.org.tw/periodical/392/1701.htm
( )
22
http://www.google.com
23
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
1.2 1.3
1 3
30
25
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
= =
93.6
Simulated annual
efficiencies of
inverters with
transformers
( Fraunhofer ISE )
26
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
Simulated annual
efficiencies of
inverters without
transformers
( Fraunhofer ISE )
27
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
28
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
(Amorphous)
15
29
4.4.1
( Choosing the number and power rating of inverters )
11
4
30
4.4.2
( Voltage selection )
31
4.4.2
( Voltage selection )
(Irradiance)
32
4.4.2
( Voltage selection )
(MPP)
33
4.4.2
( Voltage selection )
(
)
34
4.4.2
( Voltage selection )
35
4.4.2.1
( Maximum number of modules in a string )
-10C (
12C 16C)
(Open circuit)
36
4.4.2.1
( Maximum number of modules in a string )
(max)
-10C
37
4.4.2.1
( Maximum number of modules in a string )
12C
16C (
)
38
4.4.2.1
( Maximum number of modules in a string )
max =
Vmax (INV) =
-10C
39
4.4.2.1
( Maximum number of modules in a string )
max =
Vmax (INV)
VOC (module -10 C)
40
4.4.2.1
( Maximum number of modules in a string )
10C
(V percentage) C
(mV per C)
41
4.4.2.1
( Maximum number of modules in a string )
10
14
VOC (module -10C)
= VOC (STC) - 35 V
VOC (module -10C) = 1.14 VOC (STC)
42
4.4.2.1
( Maximum number of modules in a string )
43
4.4.2.2
( Minimum number of modules in a string )
70
44
4.4.2.2
( Minimum number of modules in a string )
(WellVentilated Systems)
60
45
4.4.2.2
( Minimum number of modules in a string )
(
)
46
4.4.2.2
( Minimum number of modules in a string )
MPP (
)
47
4.4.2.2
( Minimum number of modules in a string )
MPP
70C MPP
48
4.4.2.2
( Minimum number of modules in a string )
min =
49
4.4.2.2
( Minimum number of modules in a string )
min =
4.4.2.2
( Minimum number of modules in a string )
70C MPP
4.4.2.2
( Minimum number of modules in a string )
70 MPP
18
VMPP (module 70C)
= VMPP (STC) 45 V
VMPP (module 70C) = 0.82 VOC (STC)
52
4.4.2.2
( Minimum number of modules in a string )
53
4.4.2.2
( Minimum number of modules in a string )
(Maximum Occurring
Temperature )
100
54
4.4.2.2
( Minimum number of modules in a string )
100 VMPP
55
4.4.2.3
( Voltage Optimization )
56
4.4.2.3
( Voltage Optimization )
(
Fronius Siemens SMA
Sunways)
(Burgdorf) (Bern University)
57
( Burgdorf )
http://maps.google.com/
58
( Burgdorf )
59
(Burgdorf)
(Bern University)
http://maps.google.com/
60
4.4.2.3
( Voltage Optimization )
(Bern University)
(www.pvtest.ch)
61
( Bern University - Photovoltaic Laboratory )
62
SolarMax 2000E
63
SolarMax 2000E
64
SolarMax 2000E
65
SolarMax 2000E
66
SolarMax 2000E
75% (filling factor 75% )
(
180V 320V 420V)
(Tracking efficiency )
67
68
69
70
71
4.4.3
( Determining the number of strings )
(PV array)
72
4.4.3
( Determining the number of strings )
(string )
string
I max INV
=
I n string
73
4.4.3
( Determining the number of strings )
74
4.4.4
(Sizing using simulation programs)
75
4.4.4
(Sizing using simulation programs)
76
4.5
( Selecting and sizing cables for grid-tied PV systems )
(Grid-tied PV systems)
77
4.5
( Selecting and sizing cables for grid-tied PV systems )
)
78
4.5
( Selecting and sizing cables for grid-tied PV systems )
( Cable
losses ) ( Surge
coupling )
79
4.5
( Selecting and sizing cables for grid-tied PV systems )
Module wiring
variants : the variant
on the right
optimises wiring
lengths and surge
coupling (R.
Haselhuhn)
80
4.5
( Selecting and sizing cables for grid-tied PV systems )
Module wiring
variants : the variant
on the right
optimises wiring
lengths and surge
coupling (R.
Haselhuhn)
81
4.5
( Selecting and sizing cables for grid-tied PV systems )
Module wiring
variants : the variant
on the right
optimises wiring
lengths and surge
coupling (R.
Haselhuhn)
82
4.5
( Selecting and sizing cables for grid-tied PV systems )
83
4.5
( Selecting and sizing cables for grid-tied PV systems )
1.
2.
3.
84
4.5
( Selecting and sizing cables for grid-tied PV systems )
85