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Forging Metal
Forging Metal
Introduction
A metal is shaped by compressive forces Oldest metal working process 4000BC Can be performed with a hammer and anvil Typical forged products:
Lading-gear components for the C5A and C5B transport aircraft, made by forging.
Grain Structure
Parts have good strength High toughness Forgings require additional heat treating
Fig : A part made by three different procedures, showing grain flow (a) casting (b) machining (c) forging
Open-Die Forging
Is the simplest forging process Sizes can very from very small parts to very large parts
Open-Die Forging
Upsetting or flat-die forging a solid workpiece is placed between flat dies and is compressed Barreling
caused by frictional forces at the die-workpiece interfaces Can be minimized if a lubricant is used Thermal effects caused by barreling can be minimized by using heated dies
Open-Die Forging
Forging force
The workpiece acquires the shape of the die cavities while being forged between the two shaped dies
Cutting from a bar stock Preformed blank Casting Preformed blank from prior forging
Fullering material is distributed away from an area Edging material is gathered into an area
Blocking rough shaping of the part Impression dies give the part its final shape
Precision Forging
Used for economic reasons The part formed is close to the final dimensions Less machining is needed Higher capacity equipment is needed Aluminum and Magnesium alloys work well in the process
Coining
Used for minting coins, medallions, & jewelry Lubricants can not be used in coining Can be used to improve surface finish
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