A Budget Deficit occurs when the spending of a government exceeds that of its financial savings, and this common

economic phenomenon generally takes place at governmental levels. In fact, when the government is unable to plan its expenses against their revenue a budget deficit occurs. Budgetary deficits when accrued for a very long span of time are termed as Government Debts. In such a situation, a certain portion of the governmental expenditure is then utilized for repayment of such debts, with some maturity. This maturity is capable of being re-financed, through the issuance of fresh bonds on governmental level. The definition of a budgetary deficit comes from that of governmental debt. When governmental debt is defined as the total amount owned by somebody, budget deficit refers to the amount by which savings enhances. A government deficit consists of two elements, structural and cyclical. At the lowest point in the business cycle, there is a high level of unemployment. This means that tax revenues are low and expenditure high. Conversely, at the peak of the cycle, unemployment is low, increasing tax revenue and decreasing social security spending. The additional borrowing required at the low point of the cycle is the cyclical deficit. The structural deficit is the deficit that remains across the business cycle, because the general level of government spending exceeds prevailing tax levels.