TTO : Ms NORYANA BT YAHYA GROUP MEMBERs : AMRAN BIN MOHAMED ISMAIL AHMAD NAZRIN BIN YAHYA

A Silicon-Controlled Rectifier (SCR) is a four-layer (p-n-p-n) semiconductor device that doesn't allow current to flow until it is triggered and, once triggered, will only allow the flow of current in one direction. It has three terminals: an input control terminal referred to as a 'gate' an output terminal known as the 'anode. a terminal known as a 'cathode', which is common to both the gate and the anode.

 The SCR will turn on and conduct current only if two

condition exist :

1. It has a forward biased voltage across its and cathode

of at least 7V . A forward biased condition exists when the anode is more positive than the cathode.

2) It has a positive voltage applied to its gate.

When it is reverse biased, the SCR will not conduct current, whether or not a positive voltage is applied to the gate. The SCR is reverse biased when the cathode is more positive than the anode.

The SCR will turn on and pass current through the lamp in the diagram above when it is forward biased and when a positive voltage is applied to the gate.

 Once the SCR is turned on, removing the positive

voltage at the gate cannot turn it off. The current flowing through the SCR causes it to remain on. This is called holding current. The only way to turn the SCR off is to reduce the holding current, which can be done by disconnecting the forward biased voltage.

 The effect of a gate signal on the firing of an SCR is

shown in figure. Breakdown of the center junction can be achieved at speeds approaching a microsecond by applying an appropriate signal to the gate lead, while holding the anode voltage constant. After breakdown, the voltage across the device is so low that the current through it from cathode to anode is essentially determined by the load it is feeding.