]<gj]<]<j<^]<]

? ? ? ?
K

K
.


]<gj]<]<j<^]<]

W
K K

K K

W
W
K

K
K

KW
W

--

EKKKKK F

W
K K
K

--

W -

KEF
K

KEF
K
K

KEF
W -

W
W J

EF

F

KE

W J

F
KE

W J

W J

K

--

W J

E

K

K
W J

K
W -

WK
W J

WK

KW E
W

K
KEF
K

--

W E
KK

W E
KK

W E

K
W J

K
W

K
K

K
EFE F

W -

K
W

K
--

EF
K

EF

EF

KEF

--


]<gj]<]<j<^]<]

W
J

(Ampere, A)K

KK(Volt, V)
KEFEF

KEJ F

KEJ F

W
J
W

(Direct Current ( D.C.) )

--

W
( = Hz)

KEJ FK

KEJ F

--

EJ FKEJ FEHF

KEJ F

WEJ F

K(Battery)

W(Electrical Generator)
K

KW(D.C power supply)

K

KKEJ F

--

W(Alternating Current) --

KK

EF
K K

(Sine wave)
EJ F

KEJ F

EFEJ F

KEF

--

KEJ F

(Frequency, )

KK(Hertz, Hz)(Cycle/second)

KEJ F.(Periodic time, T)

KEJ F

T

KEJ F
--

KEJ F

W
W
WEMaximum or Peak value, ( Vp , Ip)F J

KEJ F

EJ F

(Peak-to-peak voltage (Vp-p))

W

Vp-p = Vp

W( instantaneous value, ( (t), (t) )) J

KEJ FK

KKEJ F

--

(t) = Ip sin
,
(t) = Vp sin
K(radians)

W(Average value, ( Vav , Iav )) J

EJ FK

KEJ F

Iave = Ip

Vave = Vp

W(Effective value (Vrms, Irms)) J

EJ FK

EJ F

--

F
KE

K
W -

KEJ F

KEJ F

--

W
W
J
Vp =
T=
=

Vp =
T=
=

Vp =
T=
=

Vp =
T=
=
--

Vp =
T=
=

Vp =
T=
=

Vp =
T=
=

Vp =
T=
=

--

--


]<gj]<]<j<^]<]

EFK

KEF

W
K J
K J
K J

K J
W
W

K J

- -

W
W
W

WEF K

KEFK

KEF

KK J

KEF

WEF K
EF

KEF
- -

WEF K
EFK

K

KEF

WEF K
EFK

KEF

WEF K

EFK

- -

W K

KEFK

KEF

W
J
W
K J

K J

K J

KEF

EF
EF
EF
EF

EF

- -

EF
EF

KEF

W
J
W
K

KEJ F

KEF

- -

KEF

EF

NL

KEF

KEF

KEF

KEF

- -


]<gj]<]<j<^]<]

W
W
K J
K J

K J
K J

K J
K J

- -

WH J

K

W
KEJ F

EF

EJ F

KEF

EF

- -

KEF

KEF

KEF

EF

N
KEFN

- -

EF

W
KEF

E F

EF

- -

WEF
J

K
W

KEF

EF
KEFK

W
KEF

EF
KEF

- -

W
KEF

KEF

KEF

EF

KEFN
- -

KEF

W
L

KEF

KEF

KEF

EJ F
- -

N
KEF

KEF

W
KEF

E F

- -

WEF
J

EKKKKKF

KEF

EF
K KEF

W
KEF

EF

KEF

KEF

- -

KEF

KEF

KEF

KEFN

- -

KEF

K{EFEFEFEF

EF

KEF

KEF
- -

KEF

EF

EF

- -

WEC.BF
J

KEF

KEF

W
W
W

KEF

KEF
- -

WJ

W
J

J
J
J

J
K

KEF

KEF

- -

KEFK

KEF

- -

W
J
WK
W

KEJ F

KEF

KEF

KEF

K
KEF

KEF
- -

KE

KEF

KEF

KEF

F
KE
K

KEF

- -

KEF

KEF

KEF

W
KEF

KEF
- -

KEF

KEF

KEF

KEF

KEFK

- -

KEF

W
KEF

KEF

- -

W
J

W
F

EFE

L K

K
K
W

KEFEF K

KEF

KEF K

KEF

K K

- -

K
W

A{ A

KEF

KEF

EF

KEF

- -

W
KEF

KEF

KEF

KEF

- -

K
KEF

KEF

KEF

- -


]<gj]<]<j<^]<]

K

W
KW(Ammeter)

KW(Voltmeter)

KW(Ohmmeter)

K(Multimeter)

K(Oscilloscope)
K

W
K .
K .
K .

--

W(Multimeter) J

K
K(Digital Multimeter (DMM))
(Analog Multimeter)

J F(Analog Multimeter)EFEJ F
K(Digital Multimeter (DMM))EFE

KEFEFKEJ F

EJ F

KEFEF

KEFEFKEJ F
--

W(Multimeter) J J

W
W

(mA) (A)

K

KEJ F

KEJ F

EF

EF

EF
K

K
--

W
K

K(V)
KK

KEJ F

KKEJ F

W
K

K(OHMS)

KEJ F

KKEJ F
--

W J J

K(Digital Multimeter (DMM))

(Analog Multimeter)

K
K

K
WEAnalog MultimeterF

J J J

EJ FK

K(Galvanometer)

EJ F

(dc)EJ F

K (ac)

--

KKEJ F

H
K
W

K
K

W
K
K

WW
K(D.C volt) J
K(A.C volt) J

K(D.C mA) J

K(OHMS) J

(D.C volt)
(V, V, V, V, V, V)

K
--

V
VV

VK

KV

EJ F
EJ F
K

KK
W

--

EJ F
EJ F

x =

WEJ F

EJ F

KEFKEFEJ F
W

(DC volts)

J F.
WE

WEJ F

--

KEJ F

EJ F

KEFKEFEJ F

K
WEJ F
x =
x=
=

--

WEDigital MultimeterFJ J J
K

K
W

WEJ F

KEJ F

EF
K
K

--

:(Oscilloscope) J

EJ F

EOscilloscopeFEJ F

EJ F
K

KEJ F
--

W J J
W(SCREEN)

(Divisions (Div.))EJ F
{

WK

(Divisions W

K(Div.))
K(Divisions (Div.))W

KEJ F

W(POWER)

KEJ F

KEJ F
--

W(FOCUS)(INTENS)
K

K (INTENS)
K (FOCUS)

KEJ F

K(Focus)(Intense)EJ F

:(TIME/DIV.)

KEJ FKEF

K(TIME / DIV.)EJ F

W(X-POS)

KEJ FK

--

KX-POSEJ F
W(Y-POS)

KEJ FK

KY-POSEJ F
W(VOLTS/DIV.)

KEJ FKEF

.VOLTS / DIVEJ F
:(DC/AC/GND)

KEJ FK

.(DC/AC/GND)EJ F
--

(CH I)

KEJ FK(CH II)

EJ F

EJ F

K (CH I/II)

(ADD)K(DUAL)
K

KEJ F

EJ F(INVERT)

KEJ F
--

J J

W(Probes)

BNC-BNC
KEJ F

KBNC-BNCEJ F

BNC

KEJ F

--

KBNCEJ F

KEJ F

KEJ F

W
--

J J

(SETUP)
W
W K

J FK(OUT)

KE

KEJ FK(UP)

KEJ FK

KEJ FK(CAL.)

K(SETUP)EJ F

W K

KEJ FK

K(GND)EJ F

--

(X-POS, Y-

KPOS)

W
(X-POS, Y-

KPOS)

(AC)(DC)(GND)
K

W J J

KEJ F
W

K(VP)
(T)

KEJ F
--

(TIME/Div.)
K(VOLT/Div.)

ETF

EJ F

x=(T)

KEJ FX=(VP)
WEJ F

(VP) EJ F

(T)

KEJ F

--

W
K( div.)

({ S / div)(TIME/Div.)

x=(T)
{ S / div x div=(T)

S=(T)

K( div.)
W(V / div.)(VOLT/Div.)

X=(VP)

V / divX div=(VP)
K V=(VP)

--


]<gj]<]<j<^]<]

W
KEDirect Current ( D.C.)F

K(Alternating Current (A.C.))

K(Power supplies)

K
W J
W
K(Battery)

W(Electrical Generator)

KE

KW(D.C power supply)

K
W

W(D.C. power supply)

EJ F

K VV
W
K

W

KK

K
V

KV

--

W J
K

K

(Functions generators)
K

EJ F

KW

KW

W
K(Amplitude)W

KBNCW

--

KEJ F

--

W
V
J
K

Hz

WV

KEJ F J

KEJ F

K J

kHz
WV
KEJ F J

--

KEJ F

K J

W V
KJ F J

KEJ F

K J

--


]<gj]<]<j<^]<]

(Soldering)

(Soldering)

(Soldering)

K
K

K
K

W
K
K
K

K
K

--

(Soldering)

W J

W

W K

K
K

W K

K
--

(Soldering)

W K

K K
Solder F

KEFlax
K{

--

(Soldering)

K
K

K
K

K
K

--

(Soldering)

--

(Soldering)

KK

KW
K
K

K
K

--

(Soldering)

--

(Soldering)

W J
W K

K
K

W K

K J

--

(Soldering)

K
W K

--

(Soldering)

W J
W

WETag SolderF K

W K

W K
K
K

W
J
W

K
K

K K
K K
K
K

K
--

(Soldering)

W K
K

KE

K
--

(Soldering)

K K

K K

--

(Soldering)

W
J

WK
W K

K
K

WEF K

--

(Soldering)

K
W

K
K

W K

K

K

W K

KK

--

(Soldering)

K
K

W J
W

J
K

J
K

J
K

K J

K J
K J
K

--

(Soldering)

WDesoldering
J

K
K

K

K

--

(Soldering)

W
J

--


]<gj]<]<j<^]<]

K
K

K K
K K

K K

K

--

W(Resisters) J

W
W J J

EJ FK
K

KEJ F

K K

EJ FK

K
--

KEJ F

KK
WK

Forth band

Multiplier

Second digit

First digit

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Violet

Gray

White

Color
Black

Gold

Silver

No band
--

W
W

EF

( )Z

x ()Z

W
> R >

--

E
F

( )Z

x ()Z
Z

W
> R >
k > R > k

.k k

K
W

J J

WK

EJ FKEJ FW
KK

KEJ F

--

KEJ F

EJ FK

KEJ F

--

W(Capacitors) J
K

K
K(F)

EJ FKKKKK
K

KEJ F

K
--

W(Inductors) J
K

K
(H)(mH)(H)

KEJ FK(pH)

KEJ F

KEJ FK

KEJ F

--

W J
K

KEJ F

KEJ F

KEJ F

KEJ F

--

W(Fuses) J

(a)EJ FK(Short circuit)

(b)

K(c)K

KEJ F

--

Practical Electronic Workshop Equipment

~A. Flind
Bernard Babani (Publishing) Ltd
Paperback June
Design and Verification of Electrical Installations
~Brian Scaddan
Butterworth-Heinemann
Paperback November,
Principles of Electric Circuits
~Thomas L. Floyd. th ed.
ISBN --- (h.c.)
Prentice Hall

- -

K J

J J

J J

EF J

EF J

H J

J J

J J

J J

J J

J J

J J

Soldering
J

J J

J J

EF
GOTEVOT appreciates the financial support provided by BAE SYSTEMS