BI TP PHN B TC V HON THNH S PHN NG 1.

Cho s sau: +E +A F +B +C +D Fe +G +I +M t0 N K X +E +L +G F H + BaSO4 H

Bit X l FeO. 2. Cho s :

A t0 +NaOH C B +NaOH F

+NaOH

+HCl Bit B l kh dng np cho cc bnh cha chy (dp tt la). A l khong sn ph bin dng sn xut vi sng. 3. Cho s : +H2 A X +D X +O2 +Fe B C +Y hoac Z Y + Z A + G

Bit A l kh c mi trng thi. 4. Hon thnh: Al(OH)3 AlCl3 Al FeCl3 Fe 5. Hon thnh s : dd A Na2CO3 Fe(OH)3 + B + G
Fe2O3 +E

NaAlO2 FeCl2 Fe(OH)2 Fe(OH)3

H2SO4 NH3,P,t0 D H2O

H

Fe3O4

NaOH

Bit D gm C,H,O,N vi t l khi lng tng ng 3:1:4:7 v trong phn t c 2 nguyn t nit. 6. Vit cc phng trnhpu theo s : Cl2 O2 A NaOH t0 G A B C D E F A H 2O H 2O t0 Bit A l kim loi thng dng c 2 s oxi ha thng gp l +2,+3 kh bn. 7. Hon thnh cc phn ng: FeS2 + O2 FeS2 + NO3- + H+ NO2 + SO42- + + Fe3O4 + NO3 + H NO2 + + FeCO3 + NO3 + H NO2 + CO2 + 8. Hon thnh s sau: t0 KClO3 A + B A + MnO2 + H2SO4 C + D + E + F DPNC A G + C G + H2O L + M t0 C + L A + F + KClO3 9. Vit cc phng trnh phn t v ion rt gn: a. Cl2 + dung dch Ca(OH)2 b. Fe + dung dch Fe2(SO4)3 c. H2SO3 + Br2 + H2O d. H2SO3 + H2S e. FeS2 + HNO3 ,t0 f. FeCO3 + HNO3 ,t0. 10. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng sau dng phn t v ion rt gn: a. Fe3O4 + HCl b. dung dch Ca(OH)2 d + NH4HCO3 c. Al + HNO3 N2 + E + D d. FeSO4 + HNO3 NO + A + B + D e. H2SO4 + KMnO4 + H2S S + X + Y + Z f. H2SO4 + KMnO4 + FeI2 11. a. Hon thnh cc phn ng : 1. FeS2 + O2 2. FexOy + HI I2 + .. b. Ha tan mt t NaCl vo nc c V ml dung dch A c khi lng ring l d. Thm V1 ml nc vo dung dch A c (V + V1)ml dung dch B c khi lng ring l d1. Chng minh: d>d1. Bit dH2O = 1 g/ml. 12. Zn +HCl B ddA dd C FeCl3 E 13. NaOH B NaOH D +HCl +HCl A

Fe

Fe3O4

FeCl3 FeCl2

Fe(OH)3 Fe(OH)2

Fe2O3 FeO

14. H 2O dd HCl NaOH t0 A ddA B A C D + H 2O HNO3 15.

CaCO3 t
0

A +B P +X

C Q

+D +Y

E R

+F +Z

CaCO3 CaCO3

Hy xc nh cc cht v vit phng trnh phn ng. 16. A1 l mui c M= 64 v c cng thc n gin l NH2O. A3 l oxit ca nit c t l MA1 : MA3 = 32 :23. Hy hon thnh s sau : 0 O2 O2 H2 O t0 Cu A1 N2 A2 A3 A4 A A 5 t 3 17.Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng theo s sau: H2SO4 A3 0 +H2O CO2,P,t A2 A1 NH3 NaOH A4 Bit A1 gm C,H,O,N vi t l khi lng tng ng 3:1:4:7 v trong phn t c 2 nguyn t nit. 18. Cho s : E C A
X X X X

B D F Hy gii thiu 2 cht v c X khc nhau t xc nh A,B,C, v vit phng trnh phn ng. 19. Cho s : A CuCl2 Cu B C X I F L D E D CuCl2 + H2O CuCl2 +K CuCl2 + H2O

20. Cho ming Al vo dung dch cha NaOH v NaNO3 ta c hn hp kh NH3 v H2.Vit cc phng trnh phn t v ion rt gn. 21. Cho 1 g Fe tc dng vi O2 mt thi gian thy khi lng bt vt qu 1,41 g. Nu ch to thnh 1 oxit st duy nht th l oxit no?

22. Trong 1 cc nc cha a mol Ca2+,b mol Mg2+,c mol Cl-,d mol HCO3a. Lp biu thc lin h a,b,c,d. b. Nu ch dng nc vi trong(nng p mol/l) gim cng trong cc th ngi ta nhn thy khi cho V(l) nc vi trong vo, cng trong cc l b nht v bit c = 0. Hy lp biu thc lin h V vi a,b,p. 23. Cho 3 nguyn t A,M,X c cu hnh e lp ngoi cng (n=3) tng ng l ns1,ns2np1, ns2np5. a. Xc nh v tr A,M,X. b. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng theo s sau: A(OH)m + MXy A1 + .... A(OH)m + A1 A2 (tan) + .... A2 + HX + H2O A1 + .... A1 + HX A3 (tan) 24. Gii thch qu trnh n mn v mn tu thy(ch to t thp cacbon) khu vc mng tu tip xc vi nc bin v khng kh. 25. V sao bo v tu thy khi b n mn,ngi ta gn 1 khi km vo v tu. 26. Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch Na2CO3 t nguyn liu dung dch NaOH bo ha,CO2,NH3 (phng php Sonvay).C s ca phng php . 27. Hy vit phng trnh phn ng dng phn t v ion khi cho dung dch NaHCO3 tc dng vi tng dung dch sau:Ba(OH)2 d, H2SO4 long, KOH. Trong mi phn ng hy xc nh r vai tr ca ion HCO3-. 28. Cho rt t t dung dch cha a mol HCl vo dung dch cha b mol Na2CO3 (a<2b) thu c dung dch C v V lit kh. Nu cho ngc li c dung dch D v V1 lit kh. Bit cc p xy ra hon ton v cc kh o ktc. Hy tm mi lin h V,V1 vi a,b. 29. Cho NO2 tc dng vi dung dch KOH d. Sau ly dung dch thu c cho tc dng vi Zn sinh ra hn hp kh H2,NH3. Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra dng phn t v ion.

BI TP PHN IU CH - TCH KIM LOI 1. Trnh by phng php nhit nhm,p dng trong vic hn cc ng ray,cho bit bt oxit st c dng l Fe3O4. M t phng php v vit phng trnh phn ng. 2. Cho cc nguyn liu NaCl, CaCO3,H2O,khng kh. C cc iu kin k thut hy vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch NaOH, nc Giaven,amoniac,natri cacbonat. 3. Ch t Na2SO3,NH4HCO3,MnO2 v cc dung dch Ba(OH)2 ,HBr c th iu ch nhng cht kh g? Cho mi cht kh tc dng vi cc dung dch NaOH,HI. Hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng(bit Br2 thot ra dng kh) 4. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng trong qu trnh sn xut Cu t qung CuFeS2. 5. T cc cht ban u NaCl,H2O,KOH,CaCO3 iu ch: NaOH,H2,Cl2,axit HCl, nc Giaven,KClO3, clorua vi. 6. Mt hp cht c cng thc CuCO3. Cu(OH)2. T cht c th c nhng phng php no iu ch Cu? Phng php no thu c Cu tinh khit? 7. Ch t nguyn liu ban u l FeS2, C. O2, H2O v xc tc V2O5. Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch FeSO4, FeS,Fe. 8. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng v trnh by cch iu ch K t qung Sinvinit(KCl.NaCl) v iu ch cc kim loi trong qung olomit. 9. T nguyn liu chnh l FeS2 , qung Boxit(Al2O3 c ln Fe2O3), khng kh, than , H2O, NaOH v cc cht xc tc hy iu ch Fe, Al2(SO4)3. 10. T cc nguyn liu NaCl, CaCO3,H2O,khng kh,xc tc hy vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch Na2CO3,NH4HCO3,NH4NO3. 11. Hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng iu ch Ag t AgNO3.T Fe hy vit 3 phn ng iu ch FeSO4. 12. Hy nu 3 phng php ha hc khc nhau iu ch Cu t dung dch gm 3 mui : NaCl,CuCl2,AlCl3. Vit phng trnh phn ng. 13. T hn hp gm : NaCl,CuCl2,AlCl3 vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch 3 kim loi: K,Cu,Al ring bit. 14. Hy nu 5 loi phn ng khc nhau to ra HCl trc tip t Cl2. 15. Ch c nc,cht xc tc hy trnh by cch iu ch tng kim loi c trong hn hp FeS2,CuS. 16. C 1 loi ng c ln 1 t bc.Nu 3 cch iu ch Cu(NO3)2 tinh khit t loi ng trn. Vit phng trnh phn ng. 17. Dng phng php ha hc tch Fe,Al,Cu ra khi hn hp 3 kim loi trn. Vit phng trnh phn ng. 18. Tm cch ly Al2(SO4)3 ra khi hn hp mui khan: Na2SO4,MgSO4,BaSO4,Al2(SO4)3 bng phng php ha hc. 19. C 1 loi ng c ln Fe,Ag,S.Hy a ra phng php (tr in phn) ly Cu tinh khit t loi ng trn. Vit phng trnh phn ng. 20. Bng phng php ha hc hy tch cc cht sau ra khi hn hp : Al2O3,CuO, SiO2. 21. Bng phng php ha hc hy tch cc cht sau ra khi hn hp : Al2O3,CuO, Fe2O3. 22. Bng phng php ha hc hy tch cc cht sau ra khi hn hp : Al2O3,ZnO, SiO2. 23. T hn hp Zn,Al hy tch ring tng kim loi (khng lm thay i khi lng so vi ban u).

24. T hn hp Cu,Ag hy tch ring tng kim loi (khng lm thay i khi lng so vi ban u). 25. T hn hp gm : NaCl,CuCl2,AlCl3,FeCl2 c thnh phn xc nh. Hy tch ring tng cht. 26. Mt loi mui n c ln tp cht: Na2SO4, NaBr,MgCl2,CaSO4. Hy trnh by phng php ly NaCl tinh khit. 27. Tinh ch Na2SO4 ln tp cht ZnCl2,CaCl2. 28. Tch N2 v CO2 ring l ra khi hn hp kh: N2,O2,CO,H2O,CO2.

BI TP:- PHN NHN BIT CC CHT CNG TRONG 1 HN HP,RING BIT.

-PHN CHN CC ION CNG TN TI TRONG 1 DUNG DCH 1. C 3 ng nghim,mi ng ch cha 2 cation v 2 anion (khng trng lp) trong s cc cation v anion sau: NH4+,Na+,Ag+,Mg2+,Ba2+,Al3+,Cl-,Br-,NO3-,SO42-,PO43-,CO32-. Hy xc nh cc ion trong tng ng nghim. 2.C 4 dung dch trong sut,mi dung dch ch cha 1 ion dng,1 ion m(khng trng lp)trong s cc cation v anion sau: Na+,Mg2+,Pb2+,Ba2+,Cl-,NO3-,SO42-,CO32-. a. Hy xc nh 4 dung dch. b. Bng phng php ha hc nu cc cch nhn bit tng dung dch. 3.Lm th no nhn bit s c mt ng thi cc ion: NH4+,Na+,HCO3-,CO32- trong cng 1 dung dch. 4.Bng phng php ha hc nu cc cch nhn bit tng axit : HCl,HNO3,H2SO4 cng trong 1 dung dch long. 5. Nhn bit cc ion trong 1 dung dch gm AlCl3, NH4NO3,MgCl2,BaCl2. 6.Nhn bit cc cht rn sau: a. Al2O3,K2O, MgO,CaO. ch dng thm 1 ha cht. b. 6 gi bt c mu tng t nhau: Fe3O4,MnO2, FeO,CuO,Ag2O v hn hp FeO + Fe: ch dng dung dch HCl. c. 5 cht bt mu trng : NaCl, Na2CO3,BaCO3,BaSO4,Na2SO4 ch c dng ha cht: CO2,H2O. 7. Nhn bit dung dch : a. Cc dung dch: NH4Cl, FeCl2,FeCl3,NaNO3 Al(NO3)3, (NH4)2SO4,MgCl2 ch dng 1 thuc th. b.NaHSO4, KHCO3,Ba(HCO3)2,Mg(HCO3)2,Na2SO3. ch c php dng thm un nng. c. Cc dung dch: H2SO4, NH4Cl,MgCl2,BaCl2,NaOH. Khng dng thuc th no.

BI TP PHN KIM LOI (KIM, KIM TH,Zn,Al,Fe) 1. Vit phng trnh phn ng v nu hin tng xy ra khi cho Na t t vo cc dung dch: AlCl3,FeCl3,NaHCO3 , (NH4)2SO4,ZnCl2

2. A,B,C l cc hp cht v c ca 1 kim loi. Khi t chng trn ngn la khng mu th c mu vng. A tc dng vi B thnh C. Nhit phn B thu c C, hi nc v 1 kh. Kh ny tc dng vi A c B hoc C. Xc nh A,B,C. 3. Trong 1 cc nc cha 0,01 mol Na+,0,01 mol Mg2+,0,02 mol Ca2+, 0,02 mol Cl-, 0,05 mol HCO3-. Hi trong nc cng cha nc cng tm thi hay nc cng vnh cu. Nu un si nc hi lu,s mol cc ion trong dung dch s l bao nhiu? Nc cn cng hay khng? C th dng ha cht no sau y lm mm nc ban u : HCl,NaOH,Na2CO3 4. Cho cc cht sau: NH3,CO2,dung dch HCl,dung dch KOH, dung dch Na2CO3. a. C th dng nhng cht no trn lm kt ta Al(OH)3 t AlCl3 b. C th dng nhng cht no trn lm kt ta Al(OH)3 t NaAlO2. 5. lm trong nc ngi ta dng phn chua cho vo nc. Gii thch? 6. Nu hin tng xy ra v vit phng trnh phn ng khi cho dung dch NH3 t t vo cc dung dch: AlCl3,FeCl3,AgNO3 , ZnSO4. 7. Gii thch ti sao dung dch Na2CO3,NaHCO3 c mi trng kim? Ti sao khi un nng dung dch NaHCO3 th mi trng kim s sch hn? 8. Nu hin tng xy ra v gii thch khi cho dung dch HCl vo: a. ng nghim ng Zn b. ng nghim ng hp kim Cu-Zn. 9. Ti sao trong qu trnh iu ch H2 bng phn ng Fe tc dng vi dung dch HCl ngi ta thng cho vi git dung dch CuSO4. 10. Th no l n mn in ha,n mn ha hc,n mn kim loi? So snh s n mn ha hc vi n mn in ha. 11. iu kin n mn in ha? Hp kim Al-Ag b n mn trong khng kh m. Hi hp kim b n mn theo kiu no? Trnh by c ch. 12. Gii thch hin tng g ca Fe trong t nhin. 13. t chy hon ton 1 si dy Fe trong khng kh,sau ly sn phm (ch cha 1 oxit nht) cho tc dng va vi dung dch HCl c dung dch A. Chia A lm 2 phn bng nhau: - Phn 1: lm mt mu dung dch thuc tm trong mi trng HCl - Phn 2: lm tan c 1 l ng mng. Bin lun xc nh cng thc oxit Fe? Vit cc phng trnh phn ng. 14. Cho hn hp gm qung pirit st,hematit , hematit nu,manhetit,xierit tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 c nng thu c hn hp kh NO2,CO2 v dung dch A. Thm dung dch BaCl2 vo A c kt ta trng (khng tan trong axit). Vit cc phng trnh phn ng. 15. Cho x mol Fe tc dng vi dung dch cha y mol HNO3 to ra kh NO v dung dch D. Hi trong dung dch D tn ti nhng ion no? Hy thit lp mi quan h x v y c th tn ti nhng ion . 16. So snh th tch kh NO duy nht thot ra trong 2 th nghim: a. Cho 6,4 g Cu tc dng vi 120 ml dung dch HNO3 1M (long) b. Cho 6,4 g Cu tc dng vi 120 ml dung dch HNO3 1M v H2SO4 0,5 M (long) C cn dung dch trng hp b th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan. 17. Ha tan hon ton FexOy trong dung dch H2SO4 c, nng thu c dung dch A1 v kh B1.

a. Cho kh B1 ln lt ln lt tc dng vi dung dch NaOH, dung dch Br2, dung dch K2CO3 (bit rng axit tng ng ca B1 mnh hn axit tng ng ca CO2). b. Cho A1 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d,lc kt ta,nung nhit cao thu c cht rn A2. Trn A2 vi bt Al ri nung nhit cao c hn hp A3 trong c FenOm. Ha tan A3 trong dung dch HNO3 long thu c kh NO duy nht. 18. Trong cng nghip ngi ta iu ch CuSO4 bng cch ngm Cu trong dung dch H2SO4 long v sc kh O2 lin tc. Cch lm ny c li hn ha tan Cu trong dung dch H2SO4 c nng khng? Ti sao? Hy nu mt s ng dng ca CuSO4. 19. Trong cng nghip khi in phn dung dch NaCl c mng ngn thu c hn hp NaCl + NaOH khu vc catot. Bng phng php no c th tch c NaCl ra khi NaOH. 20. Cho cc cp oxi ha- kh sau: Fe2+/Fe, Cu2+/Cu,Fe3+/Fe2+.. T tri sang phi trong dy trn: tnh oxi ha tng dn,tnh kh gim dn. a. Fe c kh nng tan c trong dung dch FeCl3 v CuCl2 ? b. Cu c kh nng tan c trong dung dch FeCl3 v FeCl2 ? 21. Nu nguyn tc chung iu ch Na,Cl2? Ly v d? 22. Trnh by nguyn tc , nguyn liu, cc phn ng chnh xy ra trong qua trnh luyn gang. 23. Cho 3 ming Al vo 3 cc ng dung dch HNO3 c nng khc nhau - Cc 1 : C kh khng mu thot ra b ha nu ngoi khng kh. - Cc 2 : C kh khng mu ,khng mi , khng chy v nh hn khng kh. - Cc 3 : Khng c kh thot ra nhng khi Al tan ht cho dung dch NaOH vo c kh mi khai thot ra.

BI TP PHN PHN NG OXI HA - KH I. L thuyt: 1. Trnh by cc khi nim: s oxiha,cht kh,cht oxi ha,s oxi ho,s kh,phn ng oxi ha kh.

2. Th no l phn ng oxi ha kh ni phn t,t oxi ha kh? Ly v d minh ha. 3. Ly v d minh ha trong phn ng oxi ha kh axit ng vai tr cht oxi ha,cht kh,mi trng. 4. Trong phn ng oxi ha kh: nguyn t kim loi,ion kim loi,n cht phi kim ng vai tr g? Ly v d. 5. Trnh by mi quan h gia ha tr v s oxi ha ca 1 nguyn t ha hc. II.Bi tp v cn bng phn ng oxiha- kh. 1. Zn + HNO3 Zn(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + H2O. 2. KI + H2O + O3 I2 + KOH + O2. 3. FeS2 + O2 Fe2O3 + SO2. 4. CrCl3 + Na2O2 + NaOH Na2 CrO4 + NaCl + H2O. 5. NO2 + KOH KNO2 + KNO3 + H2O. 6. Cl2 + NaOH NaCl + NaClO3 + H2O 7. As2S3 + HNO3 + H2O H3AsO4 + H2SO4 + NO. 8. FeI2 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + I2 + H2O. 9. Cu2S + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + H2SO4 + NO2 + H2O . 10. CrI3 + Cl2 + KOH K2 CrO4 + KCl + KIO4 + H2O. 11. FeS2 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + H2SO4 + NO + H2O . 12. FexOy + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + H2O . 13. FeO + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NnOm + H2O . 14. Al + HNO3 Al(NO3)3 + N2O + NO + H2O .dNO,NO2/H2 = 16,5. 15. Zn + HNO3 Zn(NO3)2 + N2O + NO + H2O vi VNO : VN2O = 1:3. 16. C4H8 + KMnO4 + H2O C4H8(OH)2 + KOH + MnO2. 17. C6H5NO2 + Fe + H2O C6H5NH2 + Fe3O4. 18. CH3-CCH + KMnO4 + KOH CH3COOK + K2CO3 + H2O + MnO2. 19. CH3-CH2OH+ KMnO4+ H2SO4 CH3COOH+K2SO4 + CO2 + H2O + MnSO4. 20. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng di dng phn t v ion: a. C6H12O6 + MnO4- + H+ CO2 + Mn2+ + .... b. FexOy + H+ + SO42- SO2 + ...... c. FeSO4 + HNO3 NO + .........

1. 2.

BI TP PHN DUNG DCH IN LI- TAN- pH. Thit lp mi lin h tan v C% ca dung dch bo ha. Gii thch v sao cc dung dch Na2CO3,K2S c pH>7.

3. Bit rng dng hirat ha ca ion Zn2+, Al3+ c th ghi:[Zn(H2O)4]2+ , [Al(H2O)6]3+.Hy gii thch v sao cc dung dch ZnCl2,Al2(SO4)3 c pH < 7. 4. C hin tng g khi cho Na2CO3 vo dung dch FeCl3? Nu thay Na2CO3 bi NaHCO3 th hin tng c g khc nhau khng? 5. Cc dung dch NaCl,Na2CO3,NH4Cl,C6H5ONa c mi trng g?Gii thch? 6. dung dch HCl c pH = 3. Cn pha long dung dch axit ny(bng nc) bao nhiu ln c dung dch c pH=4. 7. Ha tan 0,16 mol H2SO4 vo 3,92 g nc c dung dch A. a. Tnh C% ca dung dch A. b. Ly A pha long vi nc thu c dung dch c pH=2.Tnh th tch dung dch sau khi pha long. 8. Trn 3 dung dch H2SO4 0,1M,HNO3 0,2 M v HCl 0,3M vi nhng th tch bng nhau c dung dch A. Ly 300 ml dung dch A tc dng vi dung dch B gm NOH 0,2M v KOH 0,29M,sau phn ng thu c dung dch C c pH=2. Tm th tch dung dch B. 9. dung dch NaOH c pH=13.Cn pha long dung dch ny(bng nc) bao nhiu ln c dung dch c pH=12. 10. Phi ly bao nhiu gam H2SO4 cho vo 2 lit dung dch axit mnh (pH=2) c dung dch c pH =1. 11. Phi ly dung dch axit mnh(pH=5) v dung dch baz mnh(pH=9)theo t l th tch no c dung dch c pH = 8. 12. T 320 g dung dch bo ha CuSO4 10%,h nhit xung 40C to thnh dung dch mi c nng bo ha l 5%.Tnh khi lng tinh th CuSO4.5H2O kt tinh. 13. 200C,trong 10 g nc ct ha tan nhiu nht l 1,61 g Na2SO4. Tnh tan ca Na2SO4 200C v C% dung dch ti 200C. 14. 200C, tan ca AgNO3 trong nc l 222 g. Tnh khi lng AgNO3 c trong 80,5 g dung dch v C% ca AgNO3 bo ha nhit . 15. Khi a 528 g dung dch KNO3 bo ha 210C ln 800C th phi thm bao 210 C 800 C nhiu gam KNO3. Bit S KNO3 = 32 g , SKNO3 = 170 g . 16. Xc nh lng AgNO3 kt tinh ra khi dung dch khi lm lnh 450 g dung 200 C 800 C dch bo ha 800C ln 200C. Bit S AgNO3 = 222 g , S AgNO3 = 668 g .
2+ 2 4 17. Cho bit 250C: TCaSO4 = Ca SO4 = 2, 25.10 . Khi ta trn 2 lit dung dch CaCl2 0,0002 M vi 3 lit dung dch Na2SO4 0,0005 M. Hi c kt ta to thnh khng ? 18. Cho bit tan ca CuSO4 l 0,2 g 200C v khi lng ring ca dung dch CaSO4 bo ha l d=1g/ml.Hi khi ta trn 50 ml dung dch CaCl 2 0,012 M vi 150 ml dung dch Na2SO4 0,004 M( 200C). Hi c kt ta to thnh khng ? 19. C cc ion sau: K+,Ag+,Ba2+,Cu2+,Cl-,NO3-,SO42-,CO32-.C th hnh thnh 4 dung dch no t cc ion trn nu mi dung dch ch cha 1 cation v 1 anion khng trng lp. 20. Mt dung dch cha b mol Ca2+,a mol Na+,d mol Cl-,c mol HCO3c. Lp biu thc lin h a,b,c,d. d. C cn dung dch trn ,hy tnh tng mui khan thu c theo a,b,c,d.

21. dung dch A cha b mol NH4+,a mol Na+,d mol CO32-,c mol HCO3-,e mol SO42(khng k H+,OH- ca nc) a. Thm (c+d+e)mol Ba(OH)2 vo A,un nng c kt ta B, dung dch X v kh Y duy nht c mi khai. Tnh tng s mol trong kt ta B,kh Y v mi ion trong dung dch X theo a,b,c,d,e. b. Ch c qu tm v cc dung dch HCl,Ba(OH) 2 c th nhn bit c ion no trong dung dch A. 22. a. Hy gii thch s in li ca dung dch NaCl khi tan vo nc. Th no l cht in li mnh, yu, khng in li. Cho v d? b. C cc ion sau: NH4+,Na+,Ag+,Mg2+,Ba2+,Al3+,Cl-,Br-,NO3-,SO42-,PO43-,CO32-.C th hnh thnh 3 dung dch no t cc ion trn nu mi dung dch ch cha 2 cation v 2 anion khng trng lp.

BI TP PHN CU TO NGUYN T- BNG H THNG TUN HON- LIN KT HA HC 31 1. Cho k hiu : 15 P a. Cho bit nguyn t P c bao nhiu p,n,e? b. Vit cu hnh e,biu din s phn b e trn obitan nguyn t. 2. Tm cc nguyn t v ion sao cho trn cc lp v ca chng c 10e? 3. Cu c Z = 29. Vit cu hnh e? Cu hnh c bnh thng khng? Ti sao?Xt v d vi O2. 4. Nguyn t A,B khng phi l kh him,nguyn t A c phn lp e ngoi cng l 4p. nguyn t B c phn lp e ngoi cng l 4s. a. Nguyn t no l kim loi,phi kim? b. Xc nh cu hnh e ca A v B,bit tng s e ca 2 phn lp ngoi cng ca A v B l 7. 5. Xc nh cu hnh e ca A trong cc trng hp sau: a. Tng s cc loi ht trong 1 nguyn t X bng 13. b. Tng s cc loi ht trong 1 nguyn t X bng 21. 6. Cho nguyn t A c Z = 16. a. Xc nh v tr ca A trong bng tun hon. b. A l kim loi,phi kim? c. A va c tnh kh,va c tnh oxi ha. Vit phng trnh phn ng minh ha. 7. A,B l 2 nguyn t thuc 2 chu k lin tip,cng 1 phn nhm. Hy xc nh A,B trong cc trng hp sau : a. Tng s hiu nguyn t l 18. b. Tng s hiu nguyn t l 32. 8. A l nguyn t nhm V,B l nguyn t nhm k tip vi A. Bit tng s hiu nguyn t 2 nguyn t l 23 v trng thi n cht A khng phn ng vi B. Hy xc nh tn A,B. 9. Nhng tnh cht no sau y bin i tun hon : a. Ha tr cao nht i vi oxi. b. Khi lng nguyn t. c. S p trong ht nhn nguyn t. d. S e trn lp v ngoi cng. e. Tnh axit baz ca cc oxit,hiroxit. f. m in. 10. Vit phng trnh phn ng ca cc oxit sau vi nc nu c : Na2O,MgO,P2O5,SO3,Cl2O7. Nhn xt s thay i tnh axit baz ca cc oxit trn. S bin i ny da trn qui lut no? 11. Cho cc nguyn t thuc chu k 3: P,Si,S,Cl a. Sp xp cc nguyn t trn theo chiu tng tnh phi kim? Gii thch? b. Vit cng thc phn t cc axit c s oxi ha cao nht ca cc nguyn t trn v so snh tnh axit ca chng. 12. Oxit cao nht ca 1 nguyn t c cng thc RO3,vi hiro n to thnh hp cht kh cha 94,12% R theo khi lng.Xc nh tn R. 13. Nguyn t A to thnh 2 loi oxit c cng thc AOx v AOy ln lt cha 50% v 60% oxi v khi lng a. Xc nh cng thc 2 oxit

b. Vit phng trnh phn ng ca 2 oxit vi nc . 14. Cho A,B l 2 nguyn t thuc phn nhm chnh. Nguyn t A c 2 e lp ngoi cng v hp cht X ca A vi hiro cha 4,76% H v khi lng. a. Xc nh tn nguyn t A. b. Nguyn t nguyn t B c 7 e lp ngoi cng. Gi Y l hp cht ca B vi H. Bit rng 16,8 g X tc dng va vi 200 g dung dch Y 14,6% thu c kh C v dung dch D. - Xc nh tn nguyn t A. - Tnh C% cc cht trong dung dch D. 15. X,Y,Z l cc nguyn t c in tch ht nhn tng ng l:+9,+19,+16 a.Vit cu hnh e ca nguyn t cc nguyn t . b. D on kiu lin kt ha hc c th c gia cc cp X v Y,Y v Z,Z v X. c. Trong cc hp cht va thnh lp cu b th hp cht no d tan trong nc,d nng chy,d dn in trng thi nguyn cht. 16. Vit cng thc e,cng thc cu to: F2,CO2, N2, SO2, PCl5. 17. Cho X3+ v Y2- u c cu hnh e phn lp ngoi cng l 2p6. Xc nh X,Y trong bng tun hon. Cho X + NO3- + H+ NH+4 + X3+ + H2O Hy cn bng phng trnh phn ng ni trn. 18. Ion X+ do 5 nguyn t ca 2 nguyn t to nn. Tng s proton trong ion X+ l 11. Xc nh ion X+. 19. Ion Y2- do 5 nguyn t ca 2 nguyn t to nn. Tng s electron trong ion Y2- l 50.Bit rng 2 nguyn t trong Y2- thuc 2 chu k lin tip. Xc nh ion Y2-. 20. Nguyn t ca nguyn t B c tng s ht mang in nhiu hn tng s ht mang in ca A l 8. a. Hy xc nh tn A,B. b. Gi X l hp cht to bi A v B. Dung dch nc ca X c tnh axit,baz,trung tnh? Gii thch? 21. A,B l 2 nguyn t thuc 2 chu k lin tip, c th to A2- v B2- (u c cu hnh bn ca kh tr). S in tch ht nhn ca A,B hn km nhau 8 n v. Xc nh s hiu nguyn t v vit cu hnh e ca A,B.

BI TP PHN HALOGEN(F,Cl,Br,I),O-S,C-Si,N-P 1. Bng phn ng ha hc chng minh tnh oxi ha:F>Cl>Br>I? 2. Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch nc clo,nc Gia-ven,clorua vi? Gii thch v sao nc clo,nc Gia-ven,clorua vi c tnh ty mu? 3. Vit phng trnh phn ng khi cho Cl2 tc dng vi: a. dung dch KOH nhit thng b. dung dch KOH nhit 700C. Nu lng KCl trong 2 th nghim bng nhau hy so snh V ca Cl2 dng cho 2 th nghim ? 4. Hon thnh s phn ng sau: HCl Cl2 FeCl3 NaCl HCl CuCl2 AgCl Cl2 Br I2 2 KMnO4 5. Hy tm xem c bao nhiu loi phn ng c th iu ch ZnCl2. 6. T Cl2,Fe,K v H2O c th iu ch c: a. Nhng mui no? b. Nhng hiroxit? 7. T NaCl,H2O iu ch nc Gia-ven. 8. C 100 ml dung dch HCl 1M v H2SO4 long aM. Thm t t Mg,Al vo cho ti khi ngng kh thot ra th thu c 5,6 lit kh(ktc). Tnh aM. 9. C 600 ml dung dch gm: Na2CO3 v NaHCO3. Thm 5,64 g hn hp rn gm K2CO3 v KHCO3 vo dung dch trn thu c dung dch A (gi s th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k v b qua s thy phn). Chia A lm 3 phn bng nhau: Phn 1: Cho vo rt t t 100 ml dung dch HCl thu c dung dch B v 448 ml kh (ktc). Sau thm nc vi trong d vo B thu c 2,5 g kt ta. Phn 2: Tc dng va vi 150 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. Phn 3: Cho kh HBr d i qua sau c cn thu c 8,125 g mui khan. a. Vit phng trnh ion cc phn ng trn. b. Tnh CM cc cht trong A v dung dch HCl. 10. Cho vo rt t t dung dch A cha x mol dung dch HCl vo dung dch B cha y mol Na2CO3. Sau khi cho ht vo B thu c dung dch C. Hi dung dch C cha nhng cht g? Bao nhiu mol(theo x,y).Nu x = 2y th pH ca dung dch C l bao nhiu sau khi un nh ui ht kh. 11. Ti sao dung dch HF c dng khc knh? 12. V sao SO2 va c tnh kh va c tnh oxiha? Ly v d. 13. C th dng phn ng oxi ha kh v phn ng trao i ion phn bit SO2 v SO3 c khng? 14. So snh tnh cht ha hc ca SO2 v CO2? 15. Trnh by hin tng ha hc xy ra khi cho t t kh CO2 vo dung dch Ca(OH)2? Vit phng trnh phn ng. 16. Trnh by hin tng ha hc xy ra khi cho t t dung dch NH3 vo: a. dung dch CuCl2 b. dung dch Al2(SO4)3 c. dung dch ZnSO4 d. dung dch FeCl2

17. Ti sao kh N2 tr v mt ha hc nhit thng? Khi c nhit li rt hot ng? 18. Ti sao kh NH3 tan nhiu trong nc? Tnh cht ha hc ca kh NH3? Ly v d. 19. Trnh by hin tng ha hc xy ra khi cho t t cho n d dung dch NH 3 vo bnh ng kh Cl2? 20. Nc cng toan l g? Nu ng dng? 21. So snh tnh cht ha hc ca axit: HCl,H2SO4,HNO3,H3PO4. 22. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ha hc xy ra v tnh s mol mui to thnh: a. Cho dung dch cha 0,12 mol H3PO4 vo dung dch cha 0,2 mol NaOH. b. Cho t t dung dch cha 0,12 mol H3PO4 vo dung dch cha 0,2 mol NaOH. c. Cho t t dung dch cha 0,2 mol NaOH vo dung dch cha 0,12 mol H3PO4. 23. Hp th hon ton VCO2 vo 2 lit dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,01 M th c 1 g kt ta? Tnh V. 24. Cho x mol P2O5 vo dung dch cha y mol KOH. Bin lun cc cht sau phn ng theo x,y. 25. Trnh by tnh cht ha hc ca H2S? V d? Tnh cht no l c trng? Ti sao? 26.Phn ng tng hp kh NH3 l phn ng thun nghch v ta nht. Mun tng hiu sut phn ng phi thay i th no v iu kin nhit d,p sut,nng . 27. Dn kh NH3 vo nc c dung dch A. Hi trong A c nhng cht no? Cho vi git phenolphtalein vo A th dung dch c mu g? Chia A lm 5 phn bng nhau: Phn 1: Dng so snh. Phn 2: un nh Phn 3: Cho mt lng va dung dch HCl Phn 4: Cho vi tinh th AlCl3 Phn 5: Cho vi tinh th NH4Cl. 28. Hy nu 5 phn ng khc nhau to ra HCl trc tip t Cl2.