IMPLEMENTATION OF FPGA CONTROL FOR MULTILEVEL BOOST CONVERTER FOR PV APPLICATIONS

Supervised by Sri. L.JayarajM.Tech by

K.Madan Gopal Reddy M.Tech II year 09E51D5709

CONTENTS:
Main Theme

Objective of work
Basic terms Hardware Implementation First part of Implementation Facts & why..? How does it work?

Combining solar cells

ADC Frequency divider What next.?

Main theme.
The implementation of a Maximum Power Point Tracker

(MPPT) for photovoltaic (PV) applications by using multilevel

boost converter and FPGA Board. The control algorithm for extracting maximum power from the cell is proposed by means of the Verilog code and implemented using Xilinx XC3S400 FPGA Board.

In this work, a practical implementation of the real-time

Estimate Perturb and Observe algorithm for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control in a PV system has been developed.

Objective of work :
To monitor the effect of partial shading on the

performance characteristics of PV array.

To analyze the IV power results.

To maximize the power o/p.

To implement MPPT Techniques in FPGA. To design boost converter for the load power balancing

Photovoltaic (PV) Multilevel Boost Converter

FPGA
MPPT Algorithm

Hardware Implementation
Solar Cell VPV Multi-level Boost Converter Load

Rsense gain

ADC

ADC

Mosfet gate driver

8 bits

Frequency Divider

MPPT Algorithm

Comparator

40Hz FPGA board

100KHz

Hardware Implementation
Solar Cell VPV Multi-level Boost Converter Load

Rsense gain

ADC

ADC

Mosfet gate driver

8 bits

Frequency Divider

MPPT Algorithm

Comparator

40Hz FPGA board

100KHz

Facts & Why

Energy supplied by the sun in one hour is almost equal to the amount energy required by the human population in one year. Solar energy is the most readily available source of energy. It is free.
8

How Does It Work?

The junction of dissimilar materials (n and p type

silicon) creates a voltage .

In essence, sunlight on a solar cell creates a small

battery with voltages typically 0.5 v.

Combining Solar Cells

Much higher application. voltage is required for practical

ADC
Numerous methods are used for converting analog

signals to digital form. Five most commonly used

methods are listed below:

Staircase ramp Successive approximation Dual slope Voltage to frequency Parallel (or flash)

In practice, an ADC is usually in form of an

integrated circuit (IC). ADC08040 and ADC08041 are

two typical examples of 8-bit ADC with 8-channel

multiplexer using successive approximation method for its

conversion. The Performance of implementation by FPGA is high even if using low resolution ADC 8 bits.

Frequency divider
A frequency divider, also called a clock divider or scalar or prescalar, is a circuit that takes an input signal of a frequency, fin, and generates an output signal of a frequency. Frequency dividers can be implemented for both analog and digital

applications.
Analog frequency dividers are really something special and nowadays used only e.g. at very high frequencies. Digital dividers implemented in modern IC technologies can work up to tens of GHz.

How Peak Power is tracked.

Peak Power is tracked by adjusting the impedance

of the load.
This is obtained by using an interface between the

load and the solar module.

A Dc/Dc converter can act as a interface between

the load and the module.

Multilevel Boost Converter

Methods of obtaining Peak Power

Though Manual tracking is possible but is waste of time. Automatic tracking is a better choice. Algorithms are used for Automatic Peak Power tracking. MPPT Algorithm

 VHDL/Verilog