Rosarda, Charisse M.

BSN 3-1

Type I Diabetes Mellitus

1. It is the form of DM that results from autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. 2. What is the other term for Type I Diabetes Mellitus? 3. It is one of the hormones produced by pancreas (beta cells) with a function of lowering blood sugar. 4. What causes the absolute lack of insulin? 5. It is another hormone released by the alpha cells of the pancreas and it functions to raise blood sugar levels. 6. It is the physiological process of the breakdown of stored glucose to raise blood sugar levels. 7. It is the process of the liver converting predominant amino acids to glucose in the fasting state. 8. Why a patient with Type I DM is thin? 9. The client with Type I DM is taught to take isophane insulin NPH (humulin N) at 5pm each day. The client should be instructed that the greatest risk for hypoglycaemia will occur at what time? a. 11am, shortly before lunch b. 1pm, shortly after lunch c. 6pm, shortly after dinner d. 1am, while sleeping 10. A female client with Type I DM is experiencing minor illness with the flu. The nurse should instruct the client a. b. c. d. To increase the frequency of blood glucose monitoring That she should try to reduce food intake to diminish nausea That she does not need to take the insulin if she cannot eat To take half of the normal dose of insulin

Answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Type I Diabetes Mellitus Juvenile Diabetes, because it is more common to child or young persons Insulin Defect or failure of the beta cells of the pancreas causes absolute lack of insulin Glucagon Glycogenolysis Gluconeogenesis Patient with Type I DM is thin due to inability of the body to obtain glucose from carbohydrates, therefore the body breaks down fats and protein for glucose supply 9. D, Humulin N is an intermediate-acting insulin. The greatest risk for hypoglycaemia will occur at its peak of action which is an average of 6 to 8 hours. 10. A, During illness, stress response is triggered causing release of hormones that elevate blood glucose levels. Therefore, there is a need to increase the frequency of self-monitoring for blood glucose levels.

References: Contemporary Medical-Surgical Nursing, 2007 Medical-Surgical Nursing: Concepts and Clinical Application, 2nd Editon, 2009