Key Issue 2:

Where Has the Worlds Population Increased?

Introduction

Population increases rapidly where many more people are born than die, increases slowly where the number of births exceeds deaths slightly, and declines where deaths outnumber births. Migration also affects this growth (or decline!) The word crude means were looking at society as a whole rather than at one particular group

Crude

Birth Rate : The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Worlds Highest CBRs

Crude

Death Rate : The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Natural Increase Rate (NIR)

Percentage by which a population grows in a year. CBR-CDR Example: CBR=20, CDR=5

NIR=15 per 1,000 or 1.5%

World NIR

Peak was in 1963: 2.2% Last of 20th century: 1.2% 80 million people are added to the population of the world each year Why is the number of people added each year dropping more slowly than the NIR?

World NIR Continued

Virtually 100% of the worlds natural increase is clustered in PINGs

Doubling Time

The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase. When the NIR was 2.2%, doubling time was 35 years. Should the NIR decline to 1.0%, doubling time would stretch out to 70 years.

Future population

Doubling time = 70 rate of natural increase

Fertility

Highest CBRs are in sub-Saharan Africa, lowest are in Europe Total Fertility Rate (TFR): average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years (15 to 49) Assumptions

TFRs of the World

Mortality

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): annual number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age compared with total live births (also expressed as a number per 1,000). -highest rates? -lowest rates?

IMRs of the World

IMR Continued

In general, the IMR reflects a countrys health-care system. U.S. vs. other PEDs

Mortality Continued

Life Expectancy: measures the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live at current mortality levels -highest? -lowest? Life Expectancy Watch
from the Patently Absurd Inventions Archive; this was issued a patent in 2002!

Mortality Continued

The CDR does not follow the same pattern as the other indicators Why does Denmark, one of the worlds wealthiest countries have a higher CDR than Mongolia, one of the poorest? The answer is found in

The Demographic Transition Model

I bet you cant wait for more notes now!!

So
Where has the worlds population increased?