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32

VOICE

The

PERSPECTIVE

Monday, September 24 - 30 , 2012

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(v . 0 . u t&m&SdtNidrf;pm;wpfOD;)
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b,fvdkowfrSwfvJAs/
rdrd - uRefawmft
h awGUtBuHKwpfcak jymjyr,f/ 1995 ckEpS f
avmufuwnf;ujzpfr,f/ jrefrmEkdifiHom;ESpfOD;vTJajymif;ay;
zkdYtwGuf vmvufcHygqdkwJhpm&w,f/ wm0efay;csuft&
uRefawmfwpfzufEkdifiH wueyfrSm&SdwJh b*Fvm;a'h&Sfwyf pcef;
udka&mufcJhw,f/ b*Fvm;a'h&Sfwyfpcef;u 'DvlESpfa,mufudk
jrpfxJrSm avSwpfpD;ESifholwdkYbufurf;rSm armifawmbufu
ypnf;awGeJY zrf;rdw,f/ olwdkYpum;vnf;rwwfbl;/ 'gaMumifh
jyefac:oGm;ygvdkYajymw,f/ ar;MunfhwJhtcg w&m;cHESpfOD;u
a&S;r&rmBuD; vlrsKd;awGjzpfNyD; &ckid t
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olwYdkro
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ajymygw,f/ olwYdk b*FgvDpum;rajymwwfayr,fh uRefawmfwYkd
eJY jrefrmoHcyf0J0JeJYajymwwfw,f/ 'gaMumihf b*Fvm;a'h&Sf
ppfwyfudk rif;wdkYajymawmh w&m;cHawGu wkdYarmifawmuvdkY
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u e,fpyfqdkwm 'DvkdyJ&SdaewwfwmyJ/ tJvdkajymaMu;qdk&if
wkdYarmifawmbufurf;rSm&SdwJh b*FgvDawG[m trsm;tm;jzifh
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rif;wkYd yk ef YJ wo
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l vm;/ rif;wdYk bmomuk;d uG,f
ovm;? Ak'bmomudk;uG,fovm; 'gtm;vHk;todyJ/ wdkYpum;
rajymwwfvdkY rif;ajymovdk wdkYbufur[kwfbl;qdk&if tJ'D
armifawmu b*FgvDawG rif;wdkYbufvTJajymif;ay;r,f/ rif;wdkY
vufcHrvm;qkdawmhrS olwkdYtcsif;csif;ukvm;vdk pum;awGajym
NyD;rS 'gqdkxm;vkdufygawmhqdkNyD; tJ'Dr&rmBuD;ESpfa,mufudk
vufcx
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ajrmufzsm;ua'oawGqdk&if e,fpyfrSm obm0tajctaeawG
u cGJr&atmifa&maxG;aew,f/ 'Dbufurf;rSm tajccsa&muf&Sd
aexkdifoludk jyefvufcHzdkYawmh olwkdYuvnf; vufrcHbl;As/
tjzpftysuw
f pfcak jymjyr,f/ 1994 ckEpS t
f wGi;f rSmyJjzpfr,f/
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tJ't
D csed rf mS xGuaf jy;b*FgvDawG jyefvufczH Ykdpm&if;aumufawmh

CARTOON OF THE WEEK

apmapmuajymwJh b*FgvD[m xGufajy;pm&if;rSmygoGm;w,f/


v.0.u Oya't& 'Dtwkdif;jyef0if&if ta&;,lcH&r,f/ Oya'
t& EkdifiHjcm;om;jzpfap? EkdifiHom;jzpfap w&m;0ifcGifhjyKcsuf
r&bJ udk,fhEkdifiHxJudk 0ifvm&if EkdifiHjcm;om;qdk&if v.0.u
tufOya'yk'rf 3(1) t&vnf;aumif;? jynfaxmifpjk refrmEkid if o
H m;
qdk&if tufOya'yk'fr 3(2) t&vnf;aumif; ta&;,lcH&NyD;
tJ'D 1947 ckESpf jrefrmEkdifiH vl0ifrIBuD;Muyfa&; (vwfwavm
jy|mef;csufrsm;) tufOya'yk'fr 13 (1) t& jypf'PfcH&r,fAs/
EkdifiHawmfNidrf0yfydjym;rIwnfaqmufa&;tzGJU tpdk;&vufxuf
22.1.90 &ufpGJrSm trdefYtrSwfpOf 2^90 jyifqifcsufOya't&
tenf;qH;k aiG'Pfusyf 1500 okYd wnf;r[kwf axmif'Pftenf;
qHk; ajcmufvrS trsm;qHk; axmif'Pf ig;ESpf odkYwnf;r[kwf
aiG'Pfaxmif'Pf ESpf&yfaygif;uscHEkdifw,f/ 'gaMumifh ukv
or* 'kuonfrsm;qkdif&mr[mrif;BuD;Hk;&JUtpDtpOfeJY tJ'D
xGufajy;ukvm;u wpfzufEkdifiHoljzpfwJh olYZeD;udkygac:NyD;
jyef0ifw,f/ tJ'DrSm jyempawmhwmygyJ/ olYudk0ifcGifhjyK
ayr,fh olYred ;f ru cGijhf yKcsurf &Sb
d J vku
d yf gvmwJh wpfzufEidk if o
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jzpfwJhtwGuf v.0.u Oya't& 3(1)? 13(1) eJY ta&;,lawmhwm
aygh/ 'kuonfukd 'kuay;&rvm;qkdNyD; ajymMu qkdMu a0zefMu
w,f/ r[kwfbl;/ 'g rlvu &SdNyD;Oya't& pnf;urf;twkdif;
aqmif&Guf&wmyg/ wrif 'kuay;wmr[kwfygbl;/ tJ'Drdef;rukd
jynfjyefESif&r,f/ avmavmq,f cPcsKyfxm;&r,f/ ('gu
vnf; Oya'nTefMum;csuft&yg/) tJ'DvkdcsKyfxm;pOf 0ifvmpOf
uwnf;u ukd,f0efygvmawmh tcsKyfxJrSmyJ uav;arG;w,f/
arG ; NyD ; wJ h t csd e f r S m jynf E S i f z k d Y p D p Of N yD ; jynf j yef E S i f w J h t cg
b*Fvm;a'h&Sfbufu olwkdYEkdifiHolukdom vufcHr,f/ uav;ukd
vufrcHbl;qkdvkdY tJ'Dudp tawmfyJtcufawGUNyD; trIrjywfEkdif
jzpf & w,f/ aemufqkH; tJ'Dbufurf;u vlBuD;awGeJYawGUNyD;
om;trdukd rcGJxm;ygeJY? rdcifvnf; aoG;EkEkeJY uav;xm;NyD;
oGm;vkdYb,fjzpfrvJ vufcHay;ygvkdY yk*K dvfa&;t& vufcHay;vkdY
tqifajyoGm;&ygw,f/ olwYdk bufu jyefvufczH Ydk q&dk if uav;
awmif w&m;0ifvufrcHygbl;/ 'kuonftaeeJY 0ifvm&if
xGufajy;&ifawmh wpfrsKd;ayghAsm/
rdwfaqG - wdik ;f &if;om;r[kww
f hJ vlrsKd;jcm;awG Ekid if o
H m;
pdppfa&;uwfjym;&ydkifcGifh&Sdovm;/ olwdkYvufxJrSm EkdifiHom;
pdppfa&;uwfjym;awG udkifxm;wm awGU&ygw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ
Asm/
rdrd - tJ'gta&;BuD;qHk;yJAs/ ar;oifhwJhar;cGef;yJ?/ orkdif;
csDNyD;ajz&Sif;&r,fhudp/ udkvdkeDb0a&mufcJh&wmawG? orkdif;&JU
qdk;arGawG trsm;BuD;ygw,f/ orkdif;udkcsDajym&if vlawGu
odyfvufrcHcsiMf ubl;/ cifAsm;wdYk v.0.uawGbufu a&SUaevdkuf
wmvm;/ v.0.uawGaiGpm;NyD; xkwfay;cJhwmr[kwfbl;vm;vdkY
ajymavh&SdMuw,f/ rsufESmvnf;ylygw,f/ &SdwJhvlawGvnf;
&SdrSmaygh/ 'gayrJh t"duuawmh orkdif;&JUqdk;arGawGay:rlwnfNyD;
'gawGjzpfcJh&w,f/ tpraumif;vdkY taESmif;raocsmjzpfcJh&wm
aygh/ tckvuf&u
dS sio
hf ;kH aewJh 1982 jrefrmEkid if o
H m;Oya'tmPm
wnfwJh 15.10.82 aemufykdif; arG;zGm;wJholawGtwGufuawmh
jrefrmEkdifiHom;jzpfjcif;? {nhfEkdifiHom;jzpfjcif;? EdkifiHom;jyKcGifh&
oljzpfjcif; pwmawGudk wdwdusus jy|mef;NyD;jzpfygw,f/ jrefrm
EkdifiHom;jzpfrIeJY ywfoufwJh Oya'awGxJrSm 1947 ckESpf zGJUpnf;
yHktajccHOya'uawmh tapmqHk;ayghAsm/

1947 zGJYpnf;yHktajccHOya'yg EkdifiHom;jzpfrI owfrSwfcsuf


rdwfaqG - tJ'DrwkdifrDu b,fvdkOya'awG &SdcJhao;vdkY
vnf;As/
rdrd - tapmqH;k Oya'uawmh uRefawmfoo
d avmuf Ekid if H
jcm;om;rsm; tufOya'ayghAsm/ uReaf wmfwYkduomrodwm urm
rSm e,fcsJUaewJhEkdifiHBuD;awGuawmh olwdkYtcsif;csif;odw,fAs/
Oyrm - AD,uferf? vmtdk? uarm'D;,m;? zdvpfydkif? rav;&Sm;?
tif'dkeD;&Sm;? aemuf tdEd,uRef;qG,fayghAsm/ tJ'DEkdifiHawGu
olYuRefb0a&mufaewmcsif;wlayr,fh t&Sio
f cifcsif;rwlMubl;
av/ wcsKUd u jyifopfvufatmufc?H wcsKUd u t*Fvyd v
f ufatmufc?H
wcsKUd u pydev
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ay:wl*D? 'wfcsf pwJhEkdifiHawGvnf; ygwmayghAsm/ xm;ygawmh
tJ'aD wmh e,fcsUJ Ekid if aH wGu olwYkduv
kd ekd ED idk if aH wGukd wjcm;udv
k ekd D
EkdifiHawGeJY pnf;jcm;xm;jcif;jzpf[efwlw,f/ jrefrmEkdifiHatmuf
ydkif;udk t*Fvdyfuodrf;NyD;wmeJY 1864 ckESpfrSm EkdifiHjcm;om;rsm;
tufOya'udk xkwjf yefw,f/ Ekid if jH cm;om;qkw
d m[m jrefrmEkid if H
om;r[kwfoludk qdkvdkonfvdkY t"dym,fzGifhygw,f/ 0ifa&muf

vmwJhEkdifiHjcm;om;awGudkrSwfyHkwifzkdY 28.3.1940 rSm EkdifiHjcm;


om;rsm;rSwfyHkwifa&;tufOya'udk xkwfjyefcJhw,f/ vGwfvyf
a&;r&cif &SpfESpfayghAsm/
rdwfaqG - uJygAsm zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'taMumif;quf
ygOD;/
rd r d - apmapmuajymcJhovdk jrefrmEkdifiHudk tdEd,&JU
jynfe,fwpfct
k jzpf oGwo
f iG ;f cJNh yD; tdE,
d bk&ifccH sKyf&UJ tkycf sKyfrI
atmufudk a&mufoGm;NyD;wJhtcsdefrSm tdEd,bufuvnf;
jrefrmjynfxJ0if? b*FgvDawGuvnf; bl;oD;awmif? armifawm
ukdewfjrpfjzwfNyD; BudKufovdk0ifawmhwmayghAsm/ uRefawmfwdkY
bufrSmom tJ'Dwkef;u bl;oD;awmif? armifawm[m e,fpGef
e,fzsm; vlO;D a&cyfyg;yg;jzpfayr,fh uyfvsujf zpfwhJ wpfzufEidk if H
rSmawmh vlO;D a&xlxyf? ae&muvnf;r&Sad vawmh olwYdk twGuf
awmh bl;oD;awmif? armifawm[m auseyfp&myg/ jrefrmEkdifiH
vGwfvyfa&;&cgeD;rSm AdkvfcsKyfwdkYOD;pD;NyD; zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'
udka&;qGJcJhw,f/ tJ'DtajccHOya'rSmygwJh EkdifiHom;jzpfrIeJY
ywfoufwJh aumufEkwfcsufwpfckudkazmfjyyghr,f/ tJ'guawmh
Oya'yk'fr 11(c) rSm jrefrmEkdifiH wkdif;&if;om;wpfrsKd;rsKd;wGif
jzpfaom odkYwnf;r[kwf jzpfcahJ om bk;d bGm;rsm;teuf tenf;qH;k
wpfO;D rS jynfaxmifpkEkdifiHwGifyg0ifvwHYaom tmPmydkifeuf
twGif;arG;zGm;olwkdif;onf jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEkdifiHom;jzpf&
rnfqdkwJhtcsufwpfcsufygw,fAs/ qdkvdkwmu bdk;bGm;av;OD;
teufwpfOD;[m wdkif;&if;om;jzpfHkrQeJY ajr;jzpfwJhol[m
jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHtwGif; arG;zGm;oljzpfvQif EdkifiHom;
jzpfw,fvdkYqdkygw,f/ usefbdk;bGm;oHk;OD;u bmvlrsKd;yJjzpfjzpf
ayghAsm/ jrefrmjynfwGif;a&mufaeMuwJh EdkifiHjcm;om;awG
MumvGef;? rsm;vGef;vdkY tJ'DvdkavQmhayghay;cJh&w,fxifw,f/
zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'twnfjyKwJhaeY 24-9-1947 jzpfygw,f/

1948 ckESpf jrefrmEdkifiHom;jzpfrItufOya't& EdkifiHom;jzpfrI


rd w f a qG - jref r mjynf v G w f v yf a &;&NyD ; awmh A sm
bmajymif;vJrI&Sdao;ovJ/
rdrd - vGwfvyfa&;&NyD;awmh 4-1-1948 aeYrSm tmPm
wnfapcJw
h hJ 1948 ckEpS f jrefrmEdik if o
H m;jzpfrt
I ufOya'udk a&;qGJ
cJMh uw,f/ tJ'rD mS arG;&mygEdik if o
H m;jzpfoal wGukd tJ'OD ya'tyd'k f
3 tydk'fcGJ (1) rSm zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tydk'f 11 yg jrefrmEdkifiH
wdkif;&if;om;wpfrsKd;rsKd;qdkwmudk t"dym,fzGifhxm;wmu jrefrm
EdkifiH wdkif;&if;om;wpfrsKd;rsKd;qdkonfrSm ucsif? u&if? u,m;?
csif;? jrefrm? rGe?f &cdik f odYk wnf;r[kwf &Sr;f vlrsKd;udv
k nf;aumif;?
1823 ckESpf (jrefrmou&mZf 1185 ckESpf) rwdkifrDumvrSp
jynfaxmifpkwGifyg0ifaom e,fajrwpfckck rdrdwdkY\yif&if;
wdik ;f jynftjzpfjzifh tajcpdu
k af exdik cf ahJ om rsKd;EG,pf rk sm;udv
k nf;
aumif; qdv
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kd nfvYkd azmfjyxm;w,f/ 'Dwikd ;f &if;om;eJY rsK;d EG,pf k
(135) rsKd;u arG;wJholawGom arG;&mygEdkifiHom;rsm; jzpfMuyg
w,f/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh aoG;uajymwJh EdkifiHom;awGayghAsm/
tJ'DtxJrSm rygwJholawG[m arG;&mygEdkifiHom;r[kwfygbl;/
e,fajrawmif;cGifhqdkwmuawmh ydkrjzpfEdkifwmaygh/
rdwfaqG - 'gjzifh dk[if*smqdkwmuaumAsm? dk[if*sm
qdkwmbmvJ/
rd r d - uRefawmfodoavmufajym&&if dk[if*smqdkwm
wdkif;&if;om;rsKd;EG,fpk (135) rsKd;xJrSm rygbl;As/ b*FgvDvdk
]&GmBu;D om;} vdYt
k "dym ,f&w,fvYkd Mum;zl;w,f/ d[
k if*smudk twdk
aumuf RSO vdkYac:w,f/ dk[if*smtrsKd;om;pnf;vHk;nDGwf
a&; (BuHhcdkifa&;) tzGJUayghAsm/ tJ'DvlrsKd;awG[m tapmqHk; w&m;
r0if 0ifa&mufcJhNyD; &cdkifjynfe,ftwGif; aus;&GmxlaxmifNyD;
pkpnf;aexdkif&mu olwdkY[molwdkY trnfay;cJhrSmayghAsm/ &cdkif
jynfe,ftwGif; vufeufudkif qlylaomif;usef;olrsm;jzpfvdkY
tJ'Dacwftpdk;&uawmh ]ukvm;qdk;} tzGJUvdkY ac:a0:cJhzl;w,f/
jynfe,f awmif;zdkYqdkwm b,fvdkrSrjzpfEdkifwJhobm0yg/
(v.0.u t&m&SdtNidrf;pm;wpfOD;)
qufvufazmfjyygrnf/

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