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Flexible Pavement Manual March 152008
Flexible Pavement Manual March 152008
PUBLISHED BY
FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT OFFICE
605 SUWANNEE STREET, M.S. 32
TALLAHASSEE, FLORIDA 32399-0450
DOCUMENT NO. 625-010-002-g
MARCH 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
Title
Page No.
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
INTRODUCTION
Purpose
Authority
General
Scope
Flexible Pavement Design Manual
1.1.0
1.1.0
1.1.0
1.2.0
1.2.0
1.3.0
1.5.1
1.5.2
1.5.3
1.5.4
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
Background
1.3.0
References
1.3.0
Florida Conditions
1.3.0
Appendices
1.4.0
Procedure For Revisions And Updates 1.4.0
Training
1.5.0
Forms
1.5.0
Distribution
1.6.0
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.3
DEFINITIONS
Pavement System
AASHTO Design Equation
Variables
Constants
Unknowns
Terms
2.1.0
2.1.0
2.4.0
2.4.0
2.6.0
2.7.0
2.7.0
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.1.0
3.1.0
3.5.0
3.5.0
3.6.0
3.7.0
4.0
4.1
4.1.0
4.1.0
4.2
4.3.0
4.3.0
4.3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
Section
Title
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.2.3
5.2.4
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.5.1
5.5.2
5.5.3
5.5.4
5.5.5
5.5.6
5.5.7
Page No.
ii
5.1.0
5.1.0
5.1.0
5.2.0
5.3.0
5.4.0
5.6.0
5.12.0
5.19.0
5.29.0
5.29.0
5.30.0
5.32.0
5.33.0
5.34.0
5.35.0
5.42.0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
Section
Title
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.3.1
6.3.2
6.4
6.4.1
6.4.2
6.4.3
6.4.4
6.5
6.5.1
6.5.2
6.5.3
6.5.4
6.5.5
6.5.6
6.5.7
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.8.1
6.8.2
6.8.3
6.8.4
6.8.5
Page No.
6.1.0
6.1.0
6.1.0
6.1.0
6.3.0
6.3.0
6.7.0
6.7.0
6.8.0
6.9.0
6.10.0
6.13.0
6.13.0
6.15.0
6.16.0
6.16.0
6.17.0
6.18.0
6.19.0
6.20.0
6.21.0
6.26.0
6.26.0
6.27.0
6.28.0
6.29.0
6.30.0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
Section
Title
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
PAVEMENT WIDENING
Requirements
Structural Course
Base And Subgrade
Stabilization
7.5
7.6
7.7
Leveling
Widening Design Sample Problem
7.3.0
7.5.0
8.0
8.1
SHOULDER DESIGN
Design Guidance
8.1.0
8.1.0
A.0
A.1
DESIGN TABLES
Instructions
A.1.0
A.3.0
B.0
B.1.0
B.3.0
B.3.0
B.3.0
B.3.0
B.4.0
B.5.0
B.6.0
B.7.0
B.7.0
B.8.0
B.8.0
B.1
B.2
B.3
B.4
B.4.1
B.4.2
B.4.3
B.4.4
B.5
B.6
B.7
Page No.
7.1.0
7.1.0
7.1.0
7.2.0
7.2.0
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
C.0
C.1.0
C.1
AASHTOWARE DARWin
C.4.0
C.2
D.0
D.1
D.2
D.3
D.3.1
D.3.2
D.1.0
D.3.0
D.5.0
D.8.0
D.8.0
D.11.0
FIGURES
Figure
Title
2.1
2.3.0
3.1
3.2.0
3.3.0
3.3
3.4.0
4.1
4.5.0
4.6.0
4.7.0
5.5.0
6.2.0
6.2
6.4.0
6.3
6.5.0
6.4
6.7.0
7.1
7.7.0
3.2
4.2
4.3
5.1
6.1
Page No.
vi
TABLES
Table
Title
3.1
Design Periods
3.7.0
4.1
4.2.0
5.9.0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
Page No.
5.10.0
5.11.0
5.14.0
5.15.0
vii
5.16.0
5.17.0
5.18.0
5.27.0
5.28.0
TABLES
(Continued)
5.10
thru
5.14
5.41.0
thru
5.47.0
6.1
6.11.0
A.1A
thru
A.10B
D.1
D.4.0
D.6.0
D.7.0
D.2
D.3
viii
A.5.0
Thru
A.45.0
APPENDIX
Appendix
Title
Page No.
Design Tables
A.1.0
B.1.0
C.1.0
D.1.0
ix
Approved:
Pavement Management Office
Topic Number: 625-010-002-g
Effective: March 15, 2008
____________________
Bruce Dietrich, P.E.
State Pavement Design Engineer
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT DESIGN MANUAL
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1
PURPOSE
AUTHORITY
Page 1.1.0
1.3
GENERAL
SCOPE
Page 1.2.0
1.5
1.5.1
BACKGROUND
REFERENCES
FLORIDA CONDITIONS
Page 1.3.0
1.5.4
APPENDICES
1.6
Contents
Design Tables.
Page 1.4.0
1.7
TRAINING
FORMS
Page 1.5.0
1.9
DISTRIBUTION
Page 1.6.0
Page 1.7.0
CHAPTER 2
DEFINITIONS
2.1
PAVEMENT SYSTEM
Page 2.1.0
Structural Course
The structural course is designed to distribute the
traffic loadings to the base course. The following
structural courses are used by the Department:
Structural Course Type SP-9.5 uses a 3/8"nominal
maximum size aggregate.
Structural Course Type SP-12.5 uses a 1/2"nominal
maximum size aggregate.
Structural Course Type SP-19.0 uses a 3/4"nominal
maximum size aggregate.
Old Mixes
Type S-I, S-II, S-III, FC-1, FC-2, FC-3, FC-4, Type I,
II and III Asphaltic Concrete, Binder, and Asphaltic
Concrete base mixes will be encountered on
rehabilitation projects but are not currently designed
by the Department.
Leveling and Overbuild Course
The Leveling and Overbuild Courses are used for
surface leveling, longitudinal profile and cross-slope
correction.
Base Course
The base course is a course (or courses) of specified
material and design thickness, which supports the
structural course and distributes the traffic loads to
the subbase or subgrade.
Different base course materials that may have
different thickness, that are structurally equivalent,
are grouped together to form an optional base group.
More detailed information can be found in Section 5 of
this manual or Standard Index 514.
Page 2.2.0
FIGURE 2.1
ROADWAY TYPICAL SECTION
Friction Course
Structural Course
Base Course
Base Extension
Stabilization
Page 2.3.0
Composite Base
The composite base is a combined granular subbase and
asphalt Type B-12.5 that together are bid as an
Optional Base Material.
Subbase
The subbase is a layer of specified material and
design thickness that supports the base. This
generally is limited to use with a Composite Base.
Stabilized Subgrade
The stabilized subgrade is a structural layer that is
12" thick. This structural layer serves as a working
platform to permit the efficient construction of the
base material. It is bid as Type B Stabilization
(LBR-40) with the contractor selecting the approved
materials necessary to achieve the LBR 40 value.
Roadbed Soil
The roadbed soil is the natural materials or
embankment upon which the Pavement Structure is
constructed.
2.2
VARIABLES
Traffic Levels
TRAFFIC LEVELS FOR DESIGN EQUIVALENT SINGLE AXLE LOADS
(ESALD) RANGE FOR SUPERPAVE ASPHALT CONCRETE STRUCTURAL
COURSES
The following are the Traffic Levels for the Design
Equivalent Single Axle Loads (ESALD) ranges for
Superpave Asphalt Concrete Structural Courses
AASHTO DESIGN
ESALD RANGE(MILLION)
TRAFFIC LEVEL
< 0.3
0.3 to < 3
3 to < 10
10 to < 30
>= 30
Page 2.5.0
Reliability (%R)
The use of Reliability (%R) permits the Pavement
Design Engineer to tailor the design to more closely
match the needs of the project. It is the probability
of achieving the design life that the Department
desires for that facility.
The Pavement Design Engineer is cautioned, however,
that a high reliability value may increase the asphalt
thickness substantially. The models are based on
serviceability and not a specific failure mechanism,
such as rutting.
Recommended values range from 75% to 99% and can be
found in Table 5.2. It is important to note that this
is not a direct input into the AASHTO Design Equation.
The use of a converted value known as the Standard
Normal Deviate (ZR) is input into the equation. The
reliability value replaces the safety factor that was
previously imbedded in the Soil Support Value.
Standard Normal Deviate (ZR)
The Standard Normal Deviate (ZR) is the corresponding
Reliability (%R) value that has been converted into
logarithmic form for calculations purposes.
2.2.2
CONSTANTS
Page 2.6.0
UNKNOWNS
TERMS
Page 2.7.0
New Construction
New construction is the complete development of a
pavement system on a new alignment.
Reconstruction
Reconstruction is the complete
course, structural course, and
existing alignment. Some lane
changes may occur resulting in
additional subgrade.
Milling
Milling is the controlled removal of existing asphalt
pavement by using a rotating drum with teeth which
removes the existing material to the desired depth.
Page 2.8.0
Page 2.9.0
Page 2.10.0
CHAPTER 3
PAVEMENT THICKNESS DESIGN PROCESS
3.1
DESIGN SOURCE
Page 3.1.0
FIGURE 3.1
AASHTO DESIGN EQUATION FOR FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT
log10W18 =
ZR*SO +9.36*log10(SN+1)- 0.20 +
log10
PSI
4.2-1.5
0.40 + 1094
(SN+1)
5.19
+ 2.32*log10(MR)-8.07
Page 3.2.0
FIGURE 3.2
AASHTO DESIGN EQUATION INPUT FOR FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT
Page 3.3.0
FIGURE 3.3
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT DESIGN VARIABLES
SNC = SNR
Overlay With and Without Milling
Page 3.4.0
3.2
DESIGN PERIODS
DISTRICT COORDINATION
Page 3.5.0
District Construction
The District Construction Office should be involved to
determine if there are any special construction
details that need to be included in the plans or
issues that need to be addressed. Some of these items
may include Base Type, Stabilization, Traffic Control
Plans (TCP), Constructions Time, Etc.
District Materials
The District Materials Office should be involved to
determine the availability of suitable materials in
the construction area and any other special conditions
that may exist. The District Materials Office can
also provide recommendations with respect to
stabilizing, milling, cross slope correction, and
existing pavement condition.
Additional coordination of project field reviews and
data collection might be needed. The latest Pavement
Coring and Evaluations Procedures (Topic No. 675-030005) can be obtained from the District Materials
Office or through the Intranet and DOTNET document
library.
3.4
QUALITY
Page 3.6.0
3.5
Page 3.7.0
TABLE 3.1
DESIGN PERIODS
The Following Design Periods Will Be Used For
Flexible Pavement Designs.
New Construction or Reconstruction
Pavement Overlay Without Milling
20 Years
8 to 20 Years
12 to 20 Years*
Non-Limited Access
14 to 20 Years*
8 to 12 Years
Notes
*
Page 3.8.0
Page 3.9.0
CHAPTER 4
FRICTION COURSE POLICY
4.1
110 lb/yd2
165 lb/yd2
80 lb/yd2
All Projects
Two Lane
Multi Lane
35 thru
45 mph
FC-12.5
or
FC-9.5
FC-12.5
or
FC-9.5
50 mph
Or Greater
FC-12.5
or
FC-9.5
FC-5
Page 4.2.0
4.2
Page 4.4.0
FIGURE 4.1
ILLUSTRATION SHOWING OPTIONAL LIMITS OF FRICTION
COURSE
FC-5 AT INTERMEDIATE MEDIAN CROSSOVER
District Bituminous
Engineer may recommend
to place FC-5 within
these limits
Page 4.5.0
FIGURE 4.2
ILLUSTRATION SHOWING OPTIONAL LIMITS OF FRICTION
COURSE FC-5 AT INTERMEDIATE MEDIAN CROSSOVER
District Bituminous
Engineer may
recommend to place
FC-5 within these
limits
Page 4.6.0
FIGURE 4.3
ILLUSTRATION SHOWING OPTIONAL LIMITS OF FRICTION
COURSE
FC-5 AT MEDIAN AREAS OF LOW VOLUME INTERSECTION
Page 4.7.0
Page 4.8.0
CHAPTER 5
PAVEMENT THICKNESS DESIGN PROCESS FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION
5.1
OVERVIEW
DESIGN EXAMPLE
Page 5.2.0
5.2.2
Page 5.3.0
5.2.3
Page 5.4.0
Sample
Location
337+98
254+90
289+80
56+07
41+98
242+00
321+92
600+00
225+00
272+99
615+43
211+98
307+04
584+66
273+99
MR (psi)
100
93
87
80
73
67
60
53
47
40
33
27
20
13
7
8,030
8,477
11,148
11,335
12,399
12,765
12,976
13,025
13,039
13,565
13,682
14,190
14,398
14,449
15,031
% Equal or Greater
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
16000
Page 5.5.0
5.2.4
GIVEN:
The following illustrates the mechanics of calculating
the Resilient Modulus (MR) obtained from a set of LBR
data.
DATA:
The following field data has been provided;
Sample Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
LBR Values In
Ascending Order
22
22
23
24
24
24
25
25
25
26
26
27
27
40
Page 5.6.0
SOLUTION:
Sample No. 14 is considered an outlier by inspection
and should be eliminated. It is satisfactory to drop a
high number as in this example, but care should be
taken before dropping a low number, because it may
indicate a localized weak spot, that may require
special treatment.
This results in 13 good samples.
13 x 90% = 11.7 (Use 12)
Count back 12 samples starting with Sample Number 13
to Sample Number 1:
Use LBR = 22.
CONCLUSION:
90% meet or exceed the Design LBR = 22.
The Pavement Design Engineer can now convert the
Design LBR Value to a Resilient Modulus (MR) using
Table 5.1.
Therefore: MR = 8,000 psi
Page 5.7.0
FIGURE 5.1
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) AND
LIMEROCK BEARING RATIO (LBR)
Page 5.8.0
TABLE 5.1
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) AND
LIMEROCK BEARING RATIO (LBR) SAMPLE VALUES
The following are some Limerock Bearing Ratio (LBR)
input values that were input into these equations to
obtain Resilient Modulus (MR) values.
Limerock Bearing
Resilient Modulus
Ratio (LBR)
PSI
10
4500
12
5000
14
5500
16
6000
18
7000
20
7500
22
8000
24
8500
26
9000
28
9500
30
10000
32
10500
34
11000
36
11500
38
12000
40
12000
Page 5.9.0
TABLE 5.2
RELIABILITY (%R) FOR DIFFERENT ROADWAY FACILITIES
Facility
New
Rehabilitation
Limited Access
80 - 95
95 - 99
Urban Arterials
80 - 90
90 - 97
Rural Arterials
75 90
90 - 95
Collectors
75 85
90 - 95
Notes
The type of roadway is determined by the Office
Of Planning and can be obtained from the Roadway
Characteristics Inventory (RCI).
The designer has some flexibility in selecting
values that best fits the project when choosing
the Reliability (%R).
Considerations for selecting a reliability level include
projected traffic volumes and the consequences involved with
early rehabilitation, if actual traffic loadings are greater
than anticipated. A detailed discussion of reliability
concepts can be found in the AASHTO Guide For Design Of
Pavement Structures.
Page 5.10.0
TABLE 5.3
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
90% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 4,000 PSI TO 18,000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
3.02
3.23
3.39
3.52
3.62
3.71
3.79
3.87
3.93
4.05
4.14
4.23
4.31
4.38
4.65
4.85
5.01
5.14
5.25
5.35
5.44
5.52
5.66
5.78
5.88
5.97
6.06
6.39
6.63
6.82
6.98
7.12
7.24
7.34
7.44
7.61
7.76
7.88
8.00
8.10
2.77
2.97
3.11
3.23
3.33
3.41
3.49
3.56
3.62
3.73
3.82
3.90
3.97
4.04
4.30
4.50
4.65
4.77
4.88
4.98
5.06
5.14
5.27
5.38
5.48
5.57
5.65
5.97
6.20
6.38
6.53
6.66
6.78
6.88
6.97
7.13
7.27
7.40
7.51
7.60
2.59
2.77
2.90
3.01
3.10
3.18
3.25
3.32
3.38
3.48
3.57
3.64
3.71
3.78
4.03
4.21
4.36
4.48
4.59
4.68
4.76
4.83
4.96
5.07
5.17
5.26
5.33
5.64
5.86
6.04
6.18
6.31
6.42
6.52
6.61
6.76
6.90
7.01
7.12
7.21
2.44
2.61
2.73
2.84
2.92
3.00
3.07
3.13
3.18
3.28
3.36
3.44
3.51
3.57
3.81
3.99
4.13
4.25
4.35
4.44
4.52
4.59
4.71
4.82
4.91
5.00
5.07
5.37
5.59
5.76
5.90
6.02
6.13
6.22
6.31
6.46
6.59
6.70
6.80
6.90
2.31
2.47
2.60
2.69
2.78
2.85
2.91
2.97
3.02
3.12
3.20
3.27
3.33
3.39
3.62
3.79
3.93
4.05
4.14
4.23
4.31
4.38
4.50
4.61
4.70
4.78
4.85
5.14
5.35
5.52
5.66
5.78
5.88
5.97
6.06
6.21
6.33
6.44
6.54
6.63
2.21
2.36
2.48
2.57
2.65
2.72
2.78
2.84
2.89
2.98
3.05
3.12
3.18
3.24
3.46
3.63
3.76
3.88
3.97
4.06
4.13
4.20
4.32
4.42
4.51
4.59
4.66
4.95
5.15
5.32
5.45
5.57
5.67
5.76
5.84
5.99
6.11
6.22
6.31
6.40
2.12
2.27
2.38
2.47
2.55
2.61
2.67
2.73
2.77
2.86
2.93
3.00
3.06
3.11
3.33
3.49
3.62
3.73
3.82
3.90
3.98
4.04
4.16
4.26
4.35
4.43
4.50
4.77
4.98
5.14
5.27
5.38
5.48
5.57
5.65
5.79
5.91
6.02
6.11
6.20
2.04
2.19
2.30
2.38
2.46
2.52
2.58
2.63
2.67
2.76
2.83
2.89
2.95
3.00
3.21
3.36
3.49
3.60
3.69
3.77
3.84
3.90
4.02
4.12
4.20
4.28
4.35
4.62
4.82
4.98
5.11
5.22
5.32
5.41
5.49
5.62
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.02
1.97
2.11
2.22
2.30
2.37
2.44
2.49
2.54
2.59
2.67
2.73
2.80
2.85
2.90
3.10
3.25
3.38
3.48
3.57
3.65
3.72
3.78
3.89
3.99
4.07
4.15
4.22
4.48
4.68
4.84
4.96
5.07
5.17
5.26
5.34
5.47
5.59
5.69
5.78
5.86
1.91
2.05
2.15
2.23
2.30
2.36
2.42
2.46
2.51
2.58
2.65
2.71
2.76
2.81
3.01
3.16
3.27
3.37
3.46
3.54
3.61
3.67
3.78
3.87
3.95
4.03
4.10
4.36
4.55
4.71
4.83
4.94
5.04
5.12
5.20
5.33
5.45
5.55
5.64
5.72
1.86
1.99
2.09
2.17
2.24
2.30
2.35
2.39
2.44
2.51
2.58
2.63
2.69
2.73
2.92
3.07
3.18
3.28
3.36
3.44
3.51
3.57
3.67
3.77
3.85
3.92
3.99
4.25
4.44
4.59
4.71
4.82
4.91
5.00
5.07
5.21
5.32
5.42
5.51
5.59
1.81
1.94
2.03
2.11
2.18
2.23
2.29
2.33
2.37
2.45
2.51
2.57
2.62
2.66
2.85
2.99
3.10
3.19
3.28
3.35
3.42
3.47
3.58
3.67
3.75
3.82
3.89
4.14
4.33
4.48
4.60
4.71
4.80
4.88
4.96
5.09
5.20
5.30
5.39
5.47
1.76
1.89
1.98
2.06
2.12
2.18
2.23
2.27
2.31
2.39
2.45
2.50
2.55
2.60
2.78
2.91
3.02
3.12
3.20
3.27
3.33
3.39
3.49
3.58
3.66
3.73
3.79
4.05
4.23
4.38
4.50
4.61
4.70
4.78
4.85
4.98
5.09
5.19
5.28
5.35
1.72
1.84
1.94
2.01
2.07
2.13
2.18
2.22
2.26
2.33
2.39
2.44
2.49
2.54
2.71
2.85
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.26
3.31
3.41
3.50
3.58
3.65
3.71
3.96
4.14
4.29
4.41
4.51
4.60
4.68
4.76
4.88
4.99
5.09
5.17
5.25
1.68
1.80
1.89
1.97
2.03
2.08
2.13
2.17
2.21
2.28
2.34
2.39
2.44
2.48
2.65
2.78
2.89
2.98
3.06
3.12
3.19
3.24
3.34
3.43
3.50
3.57
3.63
3.88
4.06
4.20
4.32
4.42
4.51
4.59
4.66
4.79
4.90
4.99
5.08
5.15
Page 5.11.0
5.3
1
2
3
4
is
is
is
is
generally
generally
generally
generally
Page 5.12.0
Page 5.13.0
TABLE 5.4
STRUCTURAL COEFFICIENTS FOR DIFFERENT PAVEMENT LAYERS
Layer Coef.
Per unit
Thickness
Group
Layer
Type
Friction
Courses
FC-5
0.00
337
FC-12.5, FC-9.5
0.44
337
0.44
334
Base
Courses
(General use)
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.15
0.30
200
250
250
250
204
280
Base
Courses
(Limited use)
0.12
0.10
0.12
230
260
240
0.20
0.15
270
270
Stabilization
0.08
0.06
0.06
160-2
160-2
160-2
Subgrade
Structural
Courses
Page 5.14.0
0.12
0.08
Spec.
Sect.
170
165
TABLE 5.5
RECOMMENDED MINIMUM THICKNESS FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION
In order to avoid
impractical design,
are recommended for
that a 12"stabilized
18-kip
ESAL's
20 year period
Minimum
Structural
Course
Minimum
Base
Group
Limited Access
4"
3"
Ramp
300,000 to 3,500,000
2"
1 1/2"
Limited Access
Shoulder
1 1/2"
1"
Residential Streets,
Parking Areas, Shoulder
Pavement, Bike Paths
Page 5.15.0
TABLE 5.6
GENERAL USE OPTIONAL BASE GROUPS ANDSTRUCTURAL NUMBERS
(STANDARD INDEX 514) (inches)
BASE THICKNESS AND OPTION CODES
(.18)
(.18)
.65- .75
701
4"
4"
4"
4"
(.18)
.80- .90
702
5"
5"
5"
.95-1.05
703
1.05-1.15
704
6"
1.25-1.35
705
1.35-1.50
(.15)
(.30)
(.30&.15)
4"
5"
4"
4"
6"
6"
6"
4"
7"
7"
7"
7"
706
8"
8"
8"
8"
9"
5"
1.50-1.65
707
10"
1.65-1.75
708
11"
1.75-1.85
709
10"
10"
10"
10"
12"
6"
4"
10
1.90-2.00
710
11"
11"
11"
11"
13"
11
2.05-2.15
711
12"
12"
12"
12"
14"
7"
5"
12
2.20-2.30
712
12
12
12
12
13
2.35-2.45
713
13
13
13
8"
6"
9"
7"
14
2.45-2.55
714
15
2.60-2.70
715
RAP Base
Type B-12.5
Graded Aggregate
Base LBR 100
Shell Rock
LBR 100
Cemented Coquina
LBR 100
Limerock
LBR 100
Base Group
Pay Item Number
Structural Range
Base Group
Base Options
13
14"
14"
14"
14"
(NA)
5"
For granular subbase, the construction of both the subbase and Type B-12.5 will be
paid for under the contract unit price for Optional Base. Granular Subbases include
Limerock, Cemented Coquina, Shell Rock, Bank Run Shell and Graded Aggregate Base at
LBR 100.The base thickness shown is Type B-12.5.All subbase thickness are 4"
To be used for Widening only, three feet or less.
Based on minimum practical thickness.
Restricted to non-limited access shoulder base construction.
Page 5.16.0
TABLE 5.7
LIMITED USE OPTIONAL BASE GROUPS AND STRUCTURAL
NUMBERS
(STANDARD INDEX 514) (inches)
BASE THICKNESS AND OPTION CODES
Sand-Clay
LBR 75
Shell Stabilized
LBR 70
Shell, LBR 70
Limerock Stabilized
LBR 70
Base Group
Pay Item Number
Structural Range
Base Group
Base Group
Base Options
(.12)
(.10)
(.12)
(.15)
(.15)
(.20)
.65 -.75
701
5"
5"
7"
5"
5"
5"
4"
.80 -.90
702
6"
6"
8"
6"
5"
5"
4"
.95-1.05
703
8"
8"
9"
8"
6"
6"
5"
1.05-1.15
704
9"
9"
10"
9"
7"
7"
5"
1.25-1.35
705
10"
10"
12"
10"
8"
8"
6"
1.35-1.50
706
11"
11"
11"
9"
7"
1.50-1.65
707
12"
12"
12"
10"
7"
1.65-1.75
708
11"
8"
Note:
Page 5.17.0
TABLE 5.8
NOTES FOR OPTIONAL BASE GROUPS AND STRUCTURAL NUMBERS
(STANDARD INDEX 514)
For granular subbase, the construction of both the
subbase and Type B-12.5 will be paid for under the
contract unit price for Optional Base. Granular
subbases include Limerock, Cemented Coquina, Shell
Rock, Bank Run Shell, and Graded Aggregate Base at
LBR 100. The base thickness shown is Type B-12.5. All
subbase thickness are 4".The base structural number
shown is for the composite base.
General Notes
1.
2.
3.
Page 5.18.0
5.4
Page 5.19.0
Page 5.20.0
Page 5.21.0
Page 5.22.0
CONCLUSION:
The following comparisons are provided:
For The Design Speed Of 55 mph
Layer/Material
Asphalt
Thickness
Coefficient
x
x
3/4"
3.0"
=
=
=
=
3.75"
SNC
0.00
1.32
1.80
0.96
4.08
Layer/Material
Asphalt
Thickness
Coefficient
x
x
1 1/2"
1 1/2"
3.0"
SNC
=
=
=
=
0.66
0.66
1.80
0.96
4.08
Page 5.23.0
Page 5.24.0
5,000,000
4.2
2.5
90%
0.45
14,000psi
1
3.57 in
Page 5.25.0
7,000,000
4.2
2.5
90%
0.45
11,500 psi
1
4.05 in
Struct.
Coef.
(Ai)
0
0.44
0.18
0.08
-
Drain
Coef.
(Mi)
1
1
1
1
-
Thickness
(Di)(in)
0.75
3
10
12
-
Page 5.26.0
Width Calculated
(ft)
SN(in)
12
0.00
12
1.32
12
1.80
12
0.96
4.08
TABLE 5.9
COMBINED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (INCHES)
Optional
Base
Group
0
1.5
2.0
1.16
1.38
1.16
1.38
1.34
1.56
1.78
1.52
1.74
1.96
2.18
1.61
1.83
2.05
2.27
2.49
1.79
2.01
2.23
2.45
2.67
2.10
2.32
2.54
2.76
2.28
2.50
2.72
2.94
2.90
3.12
2.5
3.0
10
3.21
11
3.39
12
13
14
15
Page 5.27.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
1
2
3
4
5
6
2.89
2.98
3.16
3.38
3.60
3.34
3.56
3.78
10
3.43
3.65
3.87
4.09
11
3.61
3.83
4.05
4.27
4.49
12
3.79
4.01
4.23
4.45
4.67
4.89
13
4.10
4.32
4.54
4.76
4.98
14
4.28
4.50
4.72
4.94
5.16
15
4.46
4.68
4.90
5.12
5.34
Page 5.28.0
5.5
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
STABILIZATION
BASE
Page 5.30.0
Page 5.31.0
5.5.3
Page 5.32.0
5.5.4
STRUCTURAL COURSE
Page 5.33.0
5.5.5
TRAFFIC LEVELS
AASHTO
DESIGN ESALD RANGE
(MILLION)
TRAFFIC LEVEL
< 0.3
0.3 to < 3
3 to < 10
10 to < 30
>= 30
Page 5.34.0
5.5.6
LAYER THICKNESS
SPECIFICATION REQUIREMENTS ON LAYER THICKNESS FOR TYPE
SP STRUCTURAL COURSES
Minimum
1"
1 "
2"
Maximum
1 "
2 "
3"
SP-9.5
SP-19.0
Type Mix
Minimum
SP- 9.5
SP-12.5
SP-19.0
11/2"
2"
3"
Maximum
2"
3"
31/2"
Page 5.35.0
.. 9.5 mm
..12.5 mm
..19.0 mm
Page 5.36.0
maximum
aggregate
size
t
= Thickness (in) (Plan thickness or
individual layer thickness)
Gmm = Maximum specific from the verified
mix design
Page 5.37.0
TABLE 5.10
DESIGN NOTES ON LAYER THICKNESS FOR ASPHALT CONCRETE
STRUCTURAL COURSES
Roadway Course
Thickness inch
Mix Type
(FINE)
(COARSE)
1.0"
1.0"
N/A
1.5"
1.5"
1.5"
2.0
1.0"
2.0"
2.5"
1.0"
2.5"
3.0"
1.0"
1.5"
3.5"
1.0"
1.5"
Page 5.38.0
TABLE 5.11
COARSE MIXES
SP-19.0 with
SP-12.5 Top
Layer
SP-19.0 with
SP-9.5 Top
Layer
SP-12.5
SP-12.5 with
SP-9.5
Top Layer
SP-9.5
SP-19.0 1st
Layer with SP9.5 2nd Layer
and Top Layer
11/2
11/2
1
1 1/2
11/2
21/2
2 1/2
3
3 1/2
2
21/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
21/2
11/2
21/2
21/2
4 1/2
31/2
11/2
31/2
21/2
31/2
11/2
5 1/2
31/2
21/2
21/2
21/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
6
3
Page 5.39.0
TABLE 5.12
FINE MIXES
SP-19.0 with
SP-12.5 Top Layer
SP-19.0 with
SP-9.5 Top
Layer
SP-12.5
SP-12.5 with
SP-9.5
Top Layer
SP-9.5
SP-19.0 1st
Layer with SP12-5 2nd Layer
and Top Layer
SP-12.5 1st
Layer with
SP-9.5 2nd
Layer and
Top Layer
11/2
2 11/2
(Inches)
1 1/2
2
2 1/2
11/2
11/2
2 1/2
3
3 1/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
21/2
11/2
21/2
11/2
21/2
11/2
21/2
11/2
21/2
11/2
21/2
21/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
21/2
21/2
11/2
4 1/2
Page 5.40.0
TABLE 5.12
FINE MIXES
SP-19.0 with
SP-12.5 Top Layer
SP-19.0 with
SP-9.5 Top
Layer
SP-12.5
SP-12.5 with
SP-9.5
Top Layer
SP9.5
(Inches)
21/2
21/2
21/2
2
11/
21/2
21/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
21/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
11/2
21/2
11/2
11/2
21/2
11/2
21/2
21/2
21/2
11/2
21/2
11/2
5 1/2
2
21/2
11/
21/2
21/2
11/2
2
11/2
21/2
11/2
Page 5.41.0
11/2
11/2
21/2
11/2
21/2
11/2
11/2
5. 5. 7
RAMP DESIGN
Page 5.42.0
Page 5.43.0
CHAPTER 6
PAVEMENT THICKNESS DESIGN PROCESS FOR
REHABILITATION PROJECTS
6.1
OVERVIEW
Page 6.1.0
FIGURE 6.1
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT REHABILITATION PROCESS
DEFINE
INITIATE
DESIGN PRELIMINARY
OBJECTIVES
DATA
COLLECTION
TRAFFIC
DISTRESS
INITIATE
DETAILED EXISTING
DATA
PAVEMENT
COLLECTION
RESILIENT
MODULUS (MR)
CONSTRAINTS
OTHER
DEVELOP
COMPARE
REHABILITATION
CONSTRAINTS
DESIGN
Page 6.2.0
PAVEMENT ONDITION
SURVEY (PCS)
ROADWAY
CHARACTERISTICS
INVENTORY (RCI)
SKID DATA
ETC.
ESALD
RUT DEPTH
CRACK DEPTH
OTHER
THICKNESS
TYPE
REHABILITATION
HISTORY
CROSS SLOPE
DESIGN
APPROVAL
6.3.1
FIGURE 6.2
DEFLECTION PLOT EXAMPLE
State Of Florida
Department Of Transportation
State Materials Office
Pavement Deflections
Project # 25060-1415 WPI# 9111994
State Road 16, Eastbound Traffic Lane
Testing Date 01/20/94
Not to proper production scale.
Illustration of concept only.
Example of normal pavement deflections.
15.0
15.2
15.4
15.6
15.8
16.0
16.2
Distance
16.4
Page 6.4.0
16.6
16.8
17.0
17.2
17.4
17.6
FIGURE 6.3
DEFLECTION PLOT EXAMPLE
State Of Florida
Department Of Transportation
State Materials Office
Pavement Deflections
Project # 25070-1415 WPI# 9111995
State Road 17, Westbound Traffic Lane
Testing Date 01/21/94
Something Changed
10.0
10.2
10.4
10.6
10.8
11.0
11.2
Distance
11.4
Page 6.5.0
11.6
11.8
12.0
12.2
12.4
12.6
FIGURE 6.4
DEFLECTION PLOT EXAMPLE
State Of Florida
Department Of Transportation
State Materials Office
Pavement Deflections
Project # 25080-1415 WPI# 9111996
State Road 18, Northbound Traffic Lane
Testing Date 01/22/94
Not to proper production scale.
Illustration of concept only.
Example of a 'Blip' that occurred that warrants a
field investigation.
Field Check
25.0
25.2
25.4
25.6
25.8
26.0
26.2
Distance
Page 6.6.0
26.4
26.6
26.8
27.0
27.2
27.4
27.6
6.4
FIELD TESTING
6.4.2
DATA COLLECTION
Page 6.8.0
6.4.3
PAVEMENT EVALUATION
Page 6.9.0
6.4.4
TABLE 6.1
REDUCED STRUCTURAL COEFFICIENTS OF ASPHALT MATERIALS
PER UNIT THICKNESS
Recommended Criteria
Good - No Cracking, minor rutting/distortion
Fair - Crack Rated 8 or higher, minor rutting and / or
distortion
Poor - Cracking or Rutting rated 7 or less
Layer coefficients for granular base, subbase, and
stabilizing are not reduced.
Table 5.4.
Original
Pavement Condition
Layer
Design
Good
Fair
Poor
FC-2 or FC-5
FC-1 or FC-4
FC-3
0
0.20
0.22
0.17
0.20
0.15
0.17
0.12
0.15
FC-12.5 or
FC-9.5
0.44
0.34
0.25
0.15
Type S or SP
0.44
0.34
0.25
0.15
Type I
Type II
Type III
0.37
0.20
0.30
0.30
0.17
0.25
0.23
0.15
0.20
0.15
0.12
0.15
Binder
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
ABC-1
ABC-2
ABC-3
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.17
0.20
0.25
0.14
0.16
0.20
0.10
0.12
0.15
Type B-12.5
SAHM
SBRM
0.30
0.15
0.15
0.25
0.13
0.13
0.20
0.11
0.11
0.15
0.08
0.08
Page 6.11.0
MATERIAL
COEFFICIENT
SLAB CONDITION
Crack/Seat
JPCP
Rubblized PCC
Base/Subbase
granular and
stabilized
0.20 - 0.35
Page 6.12.0
6.5
MILLING
CANDIDATE PROJECTS
Page 6.13.0
6.5.2
COMPOSITION REPORTS
Page 6.15.0
6.5.3
CROSS-SLOPE
RUTTED PAVEMENT
Page 6.17.0
6.5.6
Page 6.18.0
6.5.7
MILLING DEPTH
Page 6.19.0
6.6
This
FC-12.5
6.7
SNE
0.00
0.23
0.15
0.30
1.44
0.96
3.08
Page 6.21.0
Page 6.22.0
FC-12.5
aS x DS = SNR - SNE SN
DS = (SNR - SNE - SN
FC-12.5
FC-12.5
) / aS
Layer/Material
Asphalt
Coefficient Thickness
Page 6.23.0
.00
.44
x
x
3/4"
SNO
= 0.0
2 " = 1.1
3 1/4" 1.1
Layer/Material
Asphalt
Coefficient Thickness
x 1 "=
x 1.0"=
2 "
SNO
0.66
0.44
1.10
To check:
SNR = SNO + SNE
3.94 = 1.10 + 2.85 = 3.95 in (first part, FC-5)
3.94 = 1.10 + 2.85 = 3.95 in (second part, FC12.5)
So:
This is within the nearest "of structural course.
For the roadway plans, the thickness has been
converted from thickness in inches to 110 lb = one
square yard inch thickness, so:
2.5 structural course/ 1 x 110 lb/sy
= 275 lb/sy
1.0 structural course/ 1 x 110 lb/sy
= 110 lb/sy
Page 6.24.0
AND
Page 6.25.0
6.8
Page 6.26.0
6.8.2
Page 6.27.0
6.8.3
OPERATIONAL PROJECTS
Page 6.28.0
6.8.4
FUNCTIONAL OVERLAYS
Page 6.29.0
6.8.5
Page 6.30.0
Page 6.31.0
Page 6.32.0
CHAPTER 7
PAVEMENT WIDENING
7.1
REQUIREMENTS
STRUCTURAL COURSE
7.3
STABILIZATION
Page 7.2.0
7.6
LEVELING
Page 7.3.0
Page 7.4.0
7.7
Thickness
Condition
FC-4
1"
poor
Type S
2"
poor
Type I
1"
fair
Binder
2"
fair
Limerock
10.5"
good
Stabilization
12"
good
Page 7.5.0
SOLUTION:
The original plans and field inspection indicate that
the area beyond the edge of pavement was stabilized to
the shoulder point.
The pavement design for the widening includes:
=
SNE (Limerock)
(0.18 x 10.5"))
Page 7.7.0
FIGURE 7.1
WIDENING DETAIL FOR SAMPLE PROBLEM
Existing
Mainline
FC -4
Ty pe S
Proposed
Resurfacing
Proposed
Widening
FC12.5
FC 12 .5
Ty pe I
Ty pe S P
Ty pe I
Bi nd er
Bi nd er
Shoulder
Addition
1. 5"
2. 5"
Ty pe S P
3. 0"
FC 12 .5
OB G
#1
St ab .
LR
LR
OB G
#1 0
St ab .
St ab .
Not To Scale
Page 7.8.0
St ab .
Page 7.9.0
CHAPTER 8
SHOULDER DESIGN
8.1
DESIGN GUIDANCE
Page 8.1.0
Page 8.2.0
APPENDIX A
DESIGN TABLES
Page A.1.0
Page A.2.0
A.1
INSTRUCTIONS
Reliability (%R)
Standard Normal
Deviation (ZR)
75%
-0.674
80%
-0.841
85%
-1.037
90%
-1.282
92%
-1.405
94%
-1.555
95%
-1.645
96%
-1.751
97%
-1.881
99%
-2.327
Page A.3.0
Page A.4.0
TABLE A.1A
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
75% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 4000 PSI TO 18000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
2.72
2.91
3.05
3.17
3.27
3.35
3.42
3.49
3.55
3.66
3.75
3.83
3.91
3.97
4.23
4.42
4.57
4.70
4.80
4.90
4.98
5.06
5.19
5.30
5.40
5.49
5.57
5.88
6.11
6.29
6.44
6.57
6.68
6.78
6.88
7.04
7.17
7.29
7.40
7.50
2.50
2.67
2.80
2.91
3.00
3.08
3.14
3.21
3.26
3.36
3.45
3.52
3.59
3.65
3.90
4.08
4.23
4.35
4.45
4.54
4.62
4.69
4.82
4.93
5.02
5.11
5.18
5.48
5.70
5.88
6.02
6.14
6.25
6.35
6.43
6.59
6.72
6.83
6.94
7.03
2.33
2.49
2.61
2.71
2.79
2.87
2.93
2.99
3.04
3.14
3.22
3.29
3.35
3.41
3.64
3.82
3.96
4.07
4.17
4.26
4.33
4.40
4.53
4.63
4.72
4.81
4.88
5.17
5.38
5.55
5.69
5.81
5.91
6.01
6.09
6.24
6.36
6.47
6.57
6.66
2.19
2.35
2.46
2.55
2.63
2.70
2.76
2.82
2.87
2.95
3.03
3.10
3.16
3.22
3.44
3.60
3.74
3.85
3.94
4.03
4.10
4.17
4.29
4.39
4.48
4.56
4.63
4.91
5.12
5.28
5.42
5.53
5.63
5.73
5.81
5.95
6.07
6.18
6.28
6.36
2.08
2.23
2.34
2.43
2.50
2.57
2.62
2.68
2.72
2.81
2.88
2.94
3.00
3.06
3.27
3.43
3.55
3.66
3.75
3.83
3.91
3.97
4.09
4.19
4.27
4.35
4.42
4.70
4.90
5.06
5.19
5.30
5.40
5.49
5.57
5.71
5.83
5.93
6.03
6.11
1.99
2.13
2.23
2.32
2.39
2.45
2.51
2.56
2.60
2.68
2.75
2.81
2.87
2.92
3.12
3.27
3.40
3.50
3.59
3.67
3.74
3.80
3.91
4.01
4.10
4.17
4.24
4.51
4.71
4.86
4.99
5.10
5.20
5.29
5.36
5.50
5.62
5.72
5.81
5.89
1.91
2.04
2.14
2.23
2.29
2.35
2.41
2.46
2.50
2.58
2.64
2.70
2.75
2.80
3.00
3.15
3.26
3.36
3.45
3.53
3.59
3.66
3.76
3.86
3.94
4.02
4.08
4.35
4.54
4.69
4.82
4.93
5.02
5.11
5.18
5.32
5.43
5.53
5.62
5.70
1.83
1.97
2.07
2.14
2.21
2.27
2.32
2.37
2.41
2.48
2.55
2.60
2.66
2.70
2.89
3.03
3.15
3.24
3.33
3.40
3.47
3.53
3.63
3.72
3.81
3.88
3.94
4.20
4.39
4.54
4.67
4.77
4.87
4.95
5.02
5.16
5.27
5.37
5.45
5.53
1.77
1.90
2.00
2.07
2.14
2.19
2.24
2.29
2.33
2.40
2.46
2.52
2.57
2.61
2.80
2.93
3.04
3.14
3.22
3.29
3.35
3.41
3.52
3.60
3.68
3.75
3.82
4.07
4.26
4.40
4.53
4.63
4.72
4.81
4.88
5.01
5.12
5.22
5.30
5.38
1.71
1.84
1.93
2.01
2.07
2.13
2.17
2.22
2.26
2.33
2.39
2.44
2.49
2.53
2.71
2.84
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.25
3.31
3.41
3.50
3.57
3.64
3.71
3.95
4.14
4.28
4.40
4.51
4.60
4.68
4.75
4.88
4.99
5.08
5.17
5.25
1.66
1.79
1.88
1.95
2.01
2.07
2.11
2.15
2.19
2.26
2.32
2.37
2.42
2.46
2.63
2.76
2.87
2.96
3.03
3.10
3.16
3.22
3.31
3.40
3.48
3.54
3.60
3.85
4.03
4.17
4.29
4.39
4.48
4.56
4.63
4.76
4.87
4.96
5.04
5.12
1.62
1.74
1.83
1.90
1.96
2.01
2.06
2.10
2.13
2.20
2.26
2.31
2.36
2.40
2.57
2.69
2.79
2.88
2.95
3.02
3.08
3.13
3.23
3.31
3.39
3.45
3.51
3.75
3.93
4.07
4.18
4.28
4.37
4.45
4.52
4.65
4.75
4.85
4.93
5.01
1.57
1.69
1.78
1.85
1.91
1.96
2.00
2.04
2.08
2.15
2.20
2.25
2.30
2.34
2.50
2.62
2.72
2.81
2.88
2.94
3.00
3.06
3.15
3.23
3.30
3.37
3.43
3.66
3.83
3.97
4.09
4.19
4.27
4.35
4.42
4.55
4.65
4.74
4.82
4.90
1.53
1.65
1.74
1.81
1.86
1.91
1.96
2.00
2.03
2.10
2.15
2.20
2.24
2.28
2.44
2.56
2.66
2.74
2.81
2.88
2.93
2.99
3.08
3.16
3.23
3.29
3.35
3.58
3.75
3.88
4.00
4.10
4.18
4.26
4.33
4.45
4.55
4.65
4.73
4.80
1.50
1.61
1.70
1.76
1.82
1.87
1.91
1.95
1.99
2.05
2.10
2.15
2.19
2.23
2.39
2.51
2.60
2.68
2.75
2.81
2.87
2.92
3.01
3.09
3.16
3.22
3.28
3.50
3.67
3.80
3.92
4.01
4.10
4.17
4.24
4.36
4.46
4.55
4.64
4.71
Page A.5.0
TABLE A.1B
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
75% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 18000 PSI TO 32000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
1.50
1.61
1.70
1.76
1.82
1.87
1.91
1.95
1.99
2.05
2.10
2.15
2.19
2.23
2.39
2.51
2.60
2.68
2.75
2.81
2.87
2.92
3.01
3.09
3.16
3.22
3.28
3.50
3.67
3.80
3.92
4.01
4.10
4.17
4.24
4.36
4.46
4.55
4.64
4.71
1.46
1.58
1.66
1.73
1.78
1.83
1.87
1.91
1.95
2.01
2.06
2.11
2.15
2.19
2.34
2.46
2.55
2.63
2.70
2.76
2.81
2.86
2.95
3.02
3.09
3.15
3.21
3.43
3.60
3.73
3.84
3.93
4.02
4.09
4.16
4.28
4.38
4.47
4.55
4.62
1.43
1.54
1.62
1.69
1.74
1.79
1.83
1.87
1.91
1.97
2.02
2.07
2.11
2.14
2.30
2.41
2.50
2.58
2.64
2.70
2.76
2.80
2.89
2.97
3.03
3.09
3.15
3.36
3.53
3.66
3.77
3.86
3.94
4.02
4.08
4.20
4.30
4.39
4.47
4.54
1.40
1.51
1.59
1.66
1.71
1.76
1.80
1.84
1.87
1.93
1.98
2.03
2.07
2.10
2.25
2.36
2.45
2.53
2.59
2.65
2.70
2.75
2.84
2.91
2.98
3.03
3.09
3.30
3.46
3.59
3.70
3.79
3.87
3.95
4.01
4.13
4.23
4.32
4.39
4.46
1.37
1.48
1.56
1.63
1.68
1.72
1.77
1.80
1.84
1.89
1.94
1.99
2.03
2.07
2.21
2.32
2.41
2.48
2.55
2.60
2.66
2.70
2.79
2.86
2.92
2.98
3.03
3.24
3.40
3.53
3.63
3.73
3.81
3.88
3.94
4.06
4.16
4.24
4.32
4.39
1.35
1.45
1.53
1.60
1.65
1.69
1.73
1.77
1.80
1.86
1.91
1.95
1.99
2.03
2.17
2.28
2.37
2.44
2.50
2.56
2.61
2.66
2.74
2.81
2.87
2.93
2.98
3.19
3.34
3.47
3.57
3.66
3.74
3.82
3.88
3.99
4.09
4.18
4.25
4.32
1.32
1.43
1.51
1.57
1.62
1.66
1.70
1.74
1.77
1.83
1.88
1.92
1.96
2.00
2.14
2.24
2.33
2.40
2.46
2.52
2.57
2.61
2.69
2.76
2.83
2.88
2.93
3.14
3.29
3.41
3.52
3.61
3.68
3.76
3.82
3.93
4.03
4.11
4.19
4.26
1.30
1.40
1.48
1.54
1.59
1.64
1.68
1.71
1.74
1.80
1.85
1.89
1.93
1.96
2.10
2.21
2.29
2.36
2.42
2.48
2.53
2.57
2.65
2.72
2.78
2.84
2.89
3.09
3.24
3.36
3.46
3.55
3.63
3.70
3.76
3.87
3.97
4.05
4.13
4.20
1.28
1.38
1.45
1.52
1.57
1.61
1.65
1.68
1.72
1.77
1.82
1.86
1.90
1.93
2.07
2.17
2.26
2.33
2.39
2.44
2.49
2.53
2.61
2.68
2.74
2.79
2.84
3.04
3.19
3.31
3.41
3.50
3.58
3.64
3.71
3.82
3.91
4.00
4.07
4.14
1.25
1.36
1.43
1.49
1.54
1.59
1.62
1.66
1.69
1.74
1.79
1.83
1.87
1.91
2.04
2.14
2.22
2.29
2.35
2.41
2.45
2.50
2.57
2.64
2.70
2.75
2.80
3.00
3.14
3.26
3.36
3.45
3.52
3.59
3.65
3.76
3.86
3.94
4.01
4.08
1.23
1.33
1.41
1.47
1.52
1.56
1.60
1.63
1.66
1.72
1.77
1.81
1.84
1.88
2.01
2.11
2.19
2.26
2.32
2.37
2.42
2.46
2.54
2.60
2.66
2.72
2.76
2.96
3.10
3.22
3.32
3.40
3.48
3.54
3.60
3.71
3.81
3.89
3.96
4.03
1.21
1.31
1.39
1.45
1.50
1.54
1.58
1.61
1.64
1.69
1.74
1.78
1.82
1.85
1.98
2.08
2.16
2.23
2.29
2.34
2.39
2.43
2.50
2.57
2.63
2.68
2.73
2.92
3.06
3.17
3.27
3.36
3.43
3.50
3.56
3.66
3.76
3.84
3.91
3.98
1.20
1.29
1.37
1.43
1.47
1.52
1.55
1.59
1.62
1.67
1.72
1.76
1.79
1.83
1.96
2.06
2.14
2.20
2.26
2.31
2.36
2.40
2.47
2.54
2.59
2.64
2.69
2.88
3.02
3.13
3.23
3.31
3.39
3.45
3.51
3.62
3.71
3.79
3.86
3.93
1.18
1.28
1.35
1.41
1.45
1.50
1.53
1.57
1.60
1.65
1.69
1.73
1.77
1.80
1.93
2.03
2.11
2.17
2.23
2.28
2.33
2.37
2.44
2.50
2.56
2.61
2.66
2.84
2.98
3.09
3.19
3.27
3.34
3.41
3.47
3.57
3.66
3.74
3.82
3.88
1.16
1.26
1.33
1.39
1.43
1.48
1.51
1.54
1.57
1.63
1.67
1.71
1.75
1.78
1.91
2.00
2.08
2.15
2.20
2.25
2.30
2.34
2.41
2.47
2.53
2.58
2.63
2.81
2.95
3.06
3.15
3.23
3.30
3.37
3.43
3.53
3.62
3.70
3.77
3.83
Page A.6.0
TABLE A.2A
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
80% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 4000 PSI TO 18000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
2.80
3.00
3.14
3.26
3.36
3.45
3.52
3.59
3.65
3.76
3.86
3.94
4.01
4.08
4.34
4.54
4.69
4.82
4.93
5.02
5.10
5.18
5.32
5.43
5.53
5.62
5.70
6.02
6.25
6.43
6.59
6.72
6.83
6.93
7.03
7.19
7.33
7.45
7.56
7.66
2.57
2.75
2.88
2.99
3.09
3.17
3.24
3.30
3.36
3.46
3.55
3.63
3.70
3.76
4.01
4.19
4.34
4.46
4.57
4.66
4.74
4.81
4.94
5.05
5.15
5.23
5.31
5.61
5.84
6.01
6.16
6.28
6.39
6.49
6.58
6.74
6.87
6.99
7.09
7.18
2.40
2.56
2.69
2.79
2.88
2.95
3.02
3.08
3.13
3.23
3.31
3.38
3.45
3.51
3.75
3.92
4.06
4.18
4.28
4.37
4.45
4.52
4.64
4.75
4.84
4.93
5.00
5.30
5.51
5.68
5.82
5.94
6.05
6.14
6.23
6.38
6.51
6.62
6.72
6.81
2.26
2.42
2.53
2.63
2.71
2.78
2.84
2.90
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.25
3.31
3.54
3.71
3.84
3.95
4.05
4.14
4.21
4.28
4.40
4.51
4.60
4.68
4.75
5.04
5.25
5.41
5.55
5.67
5.77
5.86
5.94
6.09
6.21
6.32
6.42
6.51
2.14
2.29
2.41
2.50
2.57
2.64
2.70
2.75
2.80
2.89
2.96
3.03
3.09
3.14
3.36
3.52
3.65
3.76
3.86
3.94
4.01
4.08
4.20
4.30
4.39
4.47
4.54
4.82
5.02
5.18
5.32
5.43
5.53
5.62
5.70
5.84
5.96
6.07
6.16
6.25
2.05
2.19
2.30
2.39
2.46
2.52
2.58
2.63
2.68
2.76
2.83
2.90
2.95
3.00
3.21
3.37
3.50
3.60
3.69
3.77
3.84
3.91
4.02
4.12
4.21
4.28
4.35
4.63
4.83
4.99
5.12
5.23
5.33
5.41
5.49
5.63
5.75
5.85
5.95
6.03
1.96
2.10
2.21
2.29
2.36
2.42
2.48
2.53
2.57
2.65
2.72
2.78
2.84
2.89
3.09
3.24
3.36
3.46
3.55
3.63
3.70
3.76
3.87
3.97
4.05
4.13
4.19
4.46
4.66
4.81
4.94
5.05
5.15
5.23
5.31
5.45
5.56
5.66
5.76
5.84
1.89
2.03
2.13
2.21
2.28
2.34
2.39
2.44
2.48
2.55
2.62
2.68
2.73
2.78
2.98
3.12
3.24
3.34
3.42
3.50
3.57
3.63
3.74
3.83
3.91
3.99
4.05
4.31
4.51
4.66
4.79
4.89
4.99
5.07
5.15
5.28
5.40
5.50
5.59
5.67
1.83
1.96
2.06
2.13
2.20
2.26
2.31
2.35
2.40
2.47
2.53
2.59
2.64
2.69
2.88
3.02
3.13
3.23
3.31
3.38
3.45
3.51
3.62
3.71
3.79
3.86
3.93
4.18
4.37
4.52
4.65
4.75
4.85
4.93
5.00
5.13
5.25
5.35
5.43
5.51
1.77
1.90
1.99
2.07
2.13
2.19
2.24
2.28
2.32
2.40
2.46
2.51
2.56
2.61
2.79
2.93
3.04
3.13
3.21
3.28
3.35
3.40
3.51
3.60
3.68
3.75
3.81
4.06
4.25
4.40
4.52
4.62
4.72
4.80
4.87
5.00
5.11
5.21
5.30
5.37
1.72
1.84
1.93
2.01
2.07
2.13
2.17
2.22
2.26
2.33
2.39
2.44
2.49
2.53
2.71
2.84
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.25
3.31
3.41
3.50
3.57
3.64
3.71
3.96
4.14
4.28
4.40
4.51
4.60
4.68
4.75
4.88
4.99
5.08
5.17
5.25
1.67
1.79
1.88
1.95
2.02
2.07
2.12
2.16
2.20
2.27
2.33
2.38
2.42
2.47
2.64
2.77
2.87
2.96
3.04
3.11
3.17
3.22
3.32
3.41
3.48
3.55
3.61
3.86
4.04
4.18
4.30
4.40
4.49
4.57
4.64
4.77
4.88
4.97
5.05
5.13
1.62
1.74
1.83
1.91
1.97
2.02
2.06
2.11
2.14
2.21
2.27
2.32
2.37
2.41
2.58
2.70
2.80
2.89
2.96
3.03
3.09
3.14
3.24
3.32
3.40
3.46
3.52
3.76
3.94
4.08
4.20
4.30
4.39
4.47
4.54
4.66
4.77
4.86
4.95
5.02
1.58
1.70
1.79
1.86
1.92
1.97
2.02
2.06
2.09
2.16
2.22
2.27
2.31
2.35
2.52
2.64
2.74
2.82
2.90
2.96
3.02
3.07
3.17
3.25
3.32
3.39
3.44
3.68
3.85
3.99
4.11
4.21
4.30
4.37
4.44
4.57
4.67
4.77
4.85
4.92
1.55
1.66
1.75
1.82
1.88
1.93
1.97
2.01
2.05
2.11
2.17
2.22
2.26
2.30
2.46
2.58
2.68
2.76
2.83
2.90
2.95
3.01
3.10
3.18
3.25
3.31
3.37
3.60
3.77
3.91
4.02
4.12
4.21
4.29
4.36
4.48
4.58
4.67
4.75
4.83
Page A.7.0
TABLE A.2B
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
80% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 18000 PSI TO 32000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
1.55
1.66
1.75
1.82
1.88
1.93
1.97
2.01
2.05
2.11
2.17
2.22
2.26
2.30
2.46
2.58
2.68
2.76
2.83
2.90
2.95
3.01
3.10
3.18
3.25
3.31
3.37
3.60
3.77
3.91
4.02
4.12
4.21
4.29
4.36
4.48
4.58
4.67
4.75
4.83
1.51
1.63
1.71
1.78
1.84
1.89
1.93
1.97
2.00
2.07
2.12
2.17
2.21
2.25
2.41
2.53
2.62
2.70
2.77
2.84
2.89
2.94
3.03
3.11
3.18
3.24
3.30
3.53
3.70
3.83
3.95
4.04
4.13
4.20
4.27
4.39
4.50
4.59
4.67
4.74
1.48
1.59
1.68
1.74
1.80
1.85
1.89
1.93
1.96
2.03
2.08
2.13
2.17
2.21
2.36
2.48
2.57
2.65
2.72
2.78
2.84
2.89
2.97
3.05
3.12
3.18
3.24
3.46
3.63
3.76
3.87
3.97
4.05
4.13
4.19
4.31
4.42
4.51
4.59
4.66
1.45
1.56
1.64
1.71
1.76
1.81
1.85
1.89
1.93
1.99
2.04
2.09
2.13
2.17
2.32
2.43
2.52
2.60
2.67
2.73
2.78
2.83
2.92
2.99
3.06
3.12
3.18
3.40
3.56
3.69
3.80
3.90
3.98
4.05
4.12
4.24
4.34
4.43
4.51
4.58
1.42
1.53
1.61
1.68
1.73
1.78
1.82
1.86
1.89
1.95
2.00
2.05
2.09
2.13
2.28
2.39
2.48
2.56
2.62
2.68
2.73
2.78
2.87
2.94
3.01
3.07
3.12
3.34
3.50
3.63
3.74
3.83
3.91
3.99
4.05
4.17
4.27
4.36
4.44
4.51
1.39
1.50
1.58
1.65
1.70
1.75
1.79
1.82
1.86
1.92
1.97
2.01
2.05
2.09
2.24
2.35
2.44
2.51
2.58
2.64
2.69
2.73
2.82
2.89
2.96
3.02
3.07
3.28
3.44
3.57
3.67
3.77
3.85
3.92
3.99
4.10
4.20
4.29
4.37
4.44
1.37
1.47
1.55
1.62
1.67
1.72
1.76
1.79
1.83
1.88
1.93
1.98
2.02
2.06
2.20
2.31
2.40
2.47
2.54
2.59
2.64
2.69
2.77
2.84
2.91
2.97
3.02
3.23
3.38
3.51
3.62
3.71
3.79
3.86
3.93
4.04
4.14
4.23
4.30
4.37
1.34
1.45
1.53
1.59
1.64
1.69
1.73
1.76
1.80
1.85
1.90
1.95
1.99
2.02
2.17
2.27
2.36
2.43
2.50
2.55
2.60
2.65
2.73
2.80
2.86
2.92
2.97
3.18
3.33
3.46
3.56
3.65
3.73
3.80
3.87
3.98
4.08
4.16
4.24
4.31
1.32
1.42
1.50
1.56
1.62
1.66
1.70
1.74
1.77
1.82
1.87
1.92
1.96
1.99
2.13
2.24
2.32
2.40
2.46
2.51
2.56
2.61
2.69
2.76
2.82
2.88
2.93
3.13
3.28
3.41
3.51
3.60
3.68
3.75
3.81
3.92
4.02
4.11
4.18
4.25
1.30
1.40
1.48
1.54
1.59
1.64
1.67
1.71
1.74
1.80
1.85
1.89
1.93
1.96
2.10
2.21
2.29
2.36
2.42
2.48
2.53
2.57
2.65
2.72
2.78
2.83
2.88
3.09
3.24
3.36
3.46
3.55
3.63
3.70
3.76
3.87
3.97
4.05
4.12
4.19
1.28
1.38
1.46
1.52
1.57
1.61
1.65
1.68
1.72
1.77
1.82
1.86
1.90
1.93
2.07
2.18
2.26
2.33
2.39
2.44
2.49
2.53
2.61
2.68
2.74
2.80
2.84
3.04
3.19
3.31
3.41
3.50
3.58
3.64
3.71
3.82
3.91
4.00
4.07
4.14
1.26
1.36
1.43
1.49
1.54
1.59
1.63
1.66
1.69
1.75
1.79
1.84
1.87
1.91
2.04
2.15
2.23
2.30
2.36
2.41
2.46
2.50
2.58
2.64
2.70
2.76
2.81
3.00
3.15
3.27
3.37
3.45
3.53
3.60
3.66
3.77
3.86
3.95
4.02
4.09
1.24
1.34
1.41
1.47
1.52
1.57
1.60
1.64
1.67
1.72
1.77
1.81
1.85
1.88
2.02
2.12
2.20
2.27
2.33
2.38
2.43
2.47
2.54
2.61
2.67
2.72
2.77
2.96
3.11
3.22
3.32
3.41
3.48
3.55
3.61
3.72
3.81
3.90
3.97
4.04
1.22
1.32
1.39
1.45
1.50
1.54
1.58
1.62
1.65
1.70
1.75
1.79
1.82
1.86
1.99
2.09
2.17
2.24
2.30
2.35
2.39
2.44
2.51
2.58
2.64
2.69
2.73
2.93
3.07
3.18
3.28
3.37
3.44
3.51
3.57
3.68
3.77
3.85
3.92
3.99
1.20
1.30
1.37
1.43
1.48
1.52
1.56
1.59
1.62
1.68
1.72
1.76
1.80
1.83
1.97
2.06
2.14
2.21
2.27
2.32
2.37
2.41
2.48
2.55
2.60
2.65
2.70
2.89
3.03
3.15
3.24
3.33
3.40
3.47
3.53
3.63
3.72
3.80
3.88
3.94
Page A.8.0
TABLE A.3A
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
85% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 4000 PSI TO 18000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
2.90
3.10
3.25
3.37
3.47
3.56
3.64
3.71
3.77
3.89
3.98
4.07
4.14
4.21
4.48
4.68
4.83
4.96
5.07
5.17
5.25
5.33
5.47
5.58
5.68
5.77
5.86
6.18
6.42
6.60
6.76
6.89
7.01
7.11
7.21
7.37
7.52
7.64
7.75
7.86
2.66
2.84
2.98
3.10
3.19
3.27
3.35
3.41
3.47
3.58
3.67
3.75
3.82
3.88
4.14
4.33
4.47
4.60
4.70
4.80
4.88
4.95
5.08
5.20
5.29
5.38
5.46
5.77
5.99
6.17
6.32
6.45
6.56
6.66
6.75
6.91
7.05
7.17
7.27
7.37
2.48
2.65
2.78
2.89
2.97
3.05
3.12
3.18
3.24
3.34
3.42
3.50
3.56
3.63
3.87
4.05
4.19
4.31
4.42
4.51
4.59
4.66
4.78
4.89
4.99
5.07
5.15
5.45
5.67
5.84
5.98
6.10
6.21
6.31
6.39
6.55
6.68
6.79
6.89
6.99
2.33
2.50
2.62
2.72
2.80
2.88
2.94
3.00
3.05
3.14
3.23
3.30
3.36
3.42
3.65
3.83
3.97
4.08
4.18
4.27
4.35
4.42
4.54
4.64
4.74
4.82
4.89
5.18
5.39
5.56
5.70
5.82
5.93
6.02
6.10
6.25
6.38
6.49
6.59
6.68
2.22
2.37
2.49
2.58
2.66
2.73
2.79
2.85
2.90
2.99
3.06
3.13
3.19
3.25
3.47
3.64
3.78
3.89
3.98
4.07
4.14
4.21
4.33
4.43
4.52
4.60
4.68
4.96
5.17
5.33
5.47
5.58
5.68
5.78
5.86
6.00
6.12
6.23
6.33
6.42
2.12
2.27
2.38
2.47
2.54
2.61
2.67
2.72
2.77
2.85
2.93
2.99
3.05
3.11
3.32
3.48
3.61
3.72
3.81
3.90
3.97
4.04
4.15
4.25
4.34
4.42
4.49
4.77
4.97
5.13
5.26
5.38
5.48
5.57
5.65
5.79
5.91
6.01
6.11
6.19
2.03
2.18
2.28
2.37
2.44
2.51
2.56
2.61
2.66
2.74
2.81
2.88
2.93
2.98
3.19
3.35
3.47
3.58
3.67
3.75
3.82
3.88
4.00
4.09
4.18
4.26
4.33
4.60
4.80
4.96
5.09
5.20
5.30
5.38
5.46
5.60
5.72
5.82
5.91
6.00
1.96
2.10
2.20
2.28
2.35
2.42
2.47
2.52
2.56
2.64
2.71
2.77
2.83
2.88
3.08
3.23
3.35
3.45
3.54
3.61
3.68
3.75
3.86
3.95
4.04
4.11
4.18
4.45
4.64
4.80
4.93
5.04
5.13
5.22
5.30
5.43
5.55
5.65
5.74
5.82
1.89
2.03
2.13
2.21
2.28
2.34
2.39
2.44
2.48
2.55
2.62
2.68
2.73
2.78
2.98
3.12
3.24
3.34
3.42
3.50
3.57
3.63
3.74
3.83
3.91
3.99
4.05
4.31
4.51
4.66
4.79
4.89
4.99
5.07
5.15
5.28
5.40
5.50
5.59
5.67
1.83
1.96
2.06
2.14
2.21
2.26
2.32
2.36
2.40
2.48
2.54
2.60
2.65
2.70
2.88
3.03
3.14
3.24
3.32
3.39
3.46
3.52
3.63
3.72
3.80
3.87
3.94
4.19
4.38
4.53
4.66
4.76
4.86
4.94
5.02
5.15
5.26
5.36
5.45
5.52
1.78
1.91
2.00
2.08
2.14
2.20
2.25
2.29
2.34
2.41
2.47
2.53
2.58
2.62
2.80
2.94
3.05
3.15
3.23
3.30
3.36
3.42
3.53
3.61
3.69
3.76
3.83
4.08
4.27
4.42
4.54
4.64
4.74
4.82
4.89
5.02
5.13
5.23
5.32
5.40
1.73
1.85
1.95
2.02
2.09
2.14
2.19
2.23
2.27
2.34
2.40
2.46
2.51
2.55
2.73
2.86
2.97
3.06
3.14
3.21
3.28
3.33
3.43
3.52
3.60
3.67
3.73
3.98
4.16
4.31
4.43
4.54
4.63
4.71
4.78
4.91
5.02
5.11
5.20
5.28
1.68
1.81
1.90
1.97
2.03
2.09
2.14
2.18
2.22
2.29
2.35
2.40
2.45
2.49
2.66
2.79
2.90
2.99
3.07
3.13
3.20
3.25
3.35
3.44
3.51
3.58
3.64
3.89
4.07
4.21
4.33
4.43
4.52
4.60
4.68
4.80
4.91
5.01
5.09
5.17
1.64
1.76
1.85
1.93
1.99
2.04
2.09
2.13
2.17
2.23
2.29
2.34
2.39
2.43
2.60
2.73
2.83
2.92
2.99
3.06
3.12
3.18
3.27
3.36
3.43
3.50
3.56
3.80
3.98
4.12
4.24
4.34
4.43
4.51
4.58
4.71
4.81
4.91
4.99
5.07
1.60
1.72
1.81
1.88
1.94
1.99
2.04
2.08
2.12
2.18
2.24
2.29
2.34
2.38
2.54
2.67
2.77
2.86
2.93
2.99
3.05
3.11
3.20
3.29
3.36
3.42
3.48
3.72
3.90
4.04
4.15
4.25
4.34
4.42
4.49
4.61
4.72
4.81
4.90
4.97
Page A.9.0
TABLE A.3B
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
85% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 18000 PSI TO 32000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
1.60
1.72
1.81
1.88
1.94
1.99
2.04
2.08
2.12
2.18
2.24
2.29
2.34
2.38
2.54
2.67
2.77
2.86
2.93
2.99
3.05
3.11
3.20
3.29
3.36
3.42
3.48
3.72
3.90
4.04
4.15
4.25
4.34
4.42
4.49
4.61
4.72
4.81
4.90
4.97
1.57
1.68
1.77
1.84
1.90
1.95
2.00
2.04
2.07
2.14
2.19
2.24
2.29
2.33
2.49
2.61
2.71
2.80
2.87
2.93
2.99
3.04
3.14
3.22
3.29
3.35
3.41
3.65
3.82
3.96
4.07
4.17
4.26
4.34
4.41
4.53
4.63
4.73
4.81
4.88
1.53
1.65
1.74
1.80
1.86
1.91
1.96
2.00
2.03
2.10
2.15
2.20
2.24
2.28
2.44
2.56
2.66
2.74
2.81
2.88
2.93
2.98
3.08
3.16
3.23
3.29
3.35
3.58
3.75
3.88
4.00
4.10
4.18
4.26
4.33
4.45
4.55
4.64
4.73
4.80
1.50
1.62
1.70
1.77
1.83
1.88
1.92
1.96
1.99
2.06
2.11
2.16
2.20
2.24
2.40
2.52
2.61
2.69
2.76
2.82
2.88
2.93
3.02
3.10
3.17
3.23
3.29
3.51
3.68
3.81
3.93
4.02
4.11
4.18
4.25
4.37
4.48
4.57
4.65
4.72
1.47
1.59
1.67
1.74
1.79
1.84
1.88
1.92
1.96
2.02
2.07
2.12
2.16
2.20
2.35
2.47
2.56
2.64
2.71
2.77
2.83
2.88
2.97
3.04
3.11
3.17
3.23
3.45
3.62
3.75
3.86
3.96
4.04
4.11
4.18
4.30
4.40
4.49
4.57
4.65
1.45
1.56
1.64
1.71
1.76
1.81
1.85
1.89
1.92
1.98
2.04
2.08
2.12
2.16
2.31
2.43
2.52
2.60
2.67
2.73
2.78
2.83
2.91
2.99
3.06
3.12
3.17
3.39
3.56
3.69
3.80
3.89
3.97
4.05
4.12
4.23
4.34
4.42
4.50
4.57
1.42
1.53
1.61
1.68
1.73
1.78
1.82
1.86
1.89
1.95
2.00
2.05
2.09
2.13
2.28
2.39
2.48
2.56
2.62
2.68
2.73
2.78
2.87
2.94
3.01
3.07
3.12
3.34
3.50
3.63
3.74
3.83
3.91
3.99
4.05
4.17
4.27
4.36
4.44
4.51
1.39
1.50
1.58
1.65
1.70
1.75
1.79
1.83
1.86
1.92
1.97
2.02
2.06
2.09
2.24
2.35
2.44
2.52
2.58
2.64
2.69
2.74
2.82
2.90
2.96
3.02
3.07
3.29
3.44
3.57
3.68
3.77
3.85
3.93
3.99
4.11
4.21
4.30
4.37
4.44
1.37
1.48
1.56
1.62
1.67
1.72
1.76
1.80
1.83
1.89
1.94
1.98
2.02
2.06
2.21
2.32
2.40
2.48
2.54
2.60
2.65
2.70
2.78
2.85
2.92
2.97
3.03
3.24
3.39
3.52
3.63
3.72
3.80
3.87
3.94
4.05
4.15
4.24
4.31
4.38
1.35
1.45
1.53
1.60
1.65
1.69
1.73
1.77
1.80
1.86
1.91
1.96
2.00
2.03
2.17
2.28
2.37
2.44
2.51
2.56
2.61
2.66
2.74
2.81
2.87
2.93
2.98
3.19
3.35
3.47
3.57
3.67
3.75
3.82
3.88
4.00
4.09
4.18
4.26
4.33
1.33
1.43
1.51
1.57
1.62
1.67
1.71
1.74
1.78
1.83
1.88
1.93
1.97
2.00
2.14
2.25
2.34
2.41
2.47
2.53
2.58
2.62
2.70
2.77
2.83
2.89
2.94
3.15
3.30
3.42
3.53
3.62
3.69
3.77
3.83
3.94
4.04
4.12
4.20
4.27
1.31
1.41
1.49
1.55
1.60
1.65
1.68
1.72
1.75
1.81
1.86
1.90
1.94
1.97
2.12
2.22
2.30
2.38
2.44
2.49
2.54
2.59
2.67
2.73
2.80
2.85
2.90
3.10
3.25
3.38
3.48
3.57
3.65
3.72
3.78
3.89
3.99
4.07
4.15
4.22
1.29
1.39
1.47
1.53
1.58
1.62
1.66
1.70
1.73
1.78
1.83
1.88
1.91
1.95
2.09
2.19
2.27
2.34
2.41
2.46
2.51
2.55
2.63
2.70
2.76
2.81
2.86
3.06
3.21
3.33
3.43
3.52
3.60
3.67
3.73
3.84
3.94
4.02
4.10
4.17
1.27
1.37
1.45
1.51
1.56
1.60
1.64
1.67
1.71
1.76
1.81
1.85
1.89
1.92
2.06
2.16
2.25
2.31
2.38
2.43
2.48
2.52
2.60
2.67
2.73
2.78
2.83
3.03
3.17
3.29
3.39
3.48
3.56
3.62
3.69
3.80
3.89
3.97
4.05
4.12
1.25
1.35
1.43
1.49
1.54
1.58
1.62
1.65
1.68
1.74
1.79
1.83
1.86
1.90
2.03
2.14
2.22
2.29
2.35
2.40
2.45
2.49
2.57
2.63
2.69
2.75
2.79
2.99
3.13
3.25
3.35
3.44
3.51
3.58
3.64
3.75
3.85
3.93
4.00
4.07
Page A.10.0
TABLE A.4A
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
90% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 4000 PSI TO 18000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
3.02
3.23
3.39
3.52
3.62
3.71
3.79
3.87
3.93
4.05
4.14
4.23
4.31
4.38
4.65
4.85
5.01
5.14
5.25
5.35
5.44
5.52
5.66
5.78
5.88
5.97
6.06
6.39
6.63
6.82
6.98
7.12
7.24
7.34
7.44
7.61
7.76
7.88
8.00
8.10
2.77
2.97
3.11
3.23
3.33
3.41
3.49
3.56
3.62
3.73
3.82
3.90
3.97
4.04
4.30
4.50
4.65
4.77
4.88
4.98
5.06
5.14
5.27
5.38
5.48
5.57
5.65
5.97
6.20
6.38
6.53
6.66
6.78
6.88
6.97
7.13
7.27
7.40
7.51
7.60
2.59
2.77
2.90
3.01
3.10
3.18
3.25
3.32
3.38
3.48
3.57
3.64
3.71
3.78
4.03
4.21
4.36
4.48
4.59
4.68
4.76
4.83
4.96
5.07
5.17
5.26
5.33
5.64
5.86
6.04
6.18
6.31
6.42
6.52
6.61
6.76
6.90
7.01
7.12
7.21
2.44
2.61
2.73
2.84
2.92
3.00
3.07
3.13
3.18
3.28
3.36
3.44
3.51
3.57
3.81
3.99
4.13
4.25
4.35
4.44
4.52
4.59
4.71
4.82
4.91
5.00
5.07
5.37
5.59
5.76
5.90
6.02
6.13
6.22
6.31
6.46
6.59
6.70
6.80
6.90
2.31
2.47
2.60
2.69
2.78
2.85
2.91
2.97
3.02
3.12
3.20
3.27
3.33
3.39
3.62
3.79
3.93
4.05
4.14
4.23
4.31
4.38
4.50
4.61
4.70
4.78
4.85
5.14
5.35
5.52
5.66
5.78
5.88
5.97
6.06
6.21
6.33
6.44
6.54
6.63
2.21
2.36
2.48
2.57
2.65
2.72
2.78
2.84
2.89
2.98
3.05
3.12
3.18
3.24
3.46
3.63
3.76
3.88
3.97
4.06
4.13
4.20
4.32
4.42
4.51
4.59
4.66
4.95
5.15
5.32
5.45
5.57
5.67
5.76
5.84
5.99
6.11
6.22
6.31
6.40
2.12
2.27
2.38
2.47
2.55
2.61
2.67
2.73
2.77
2.86
2.93
3.00
3.06
3.11
3.33
3.49
3.62
3.73
3.82
3.90
3.98
4.04
4.16
4.26
4.35
4.43
4.50
4.77
4.98
5.14
5.27
5.38
5.48
5.57
5.65
5.79
5.91
6.02
6.11
6.20
2.04
2.19
2.30
2.38
2.46
2.52
2.58
2.63
2.67
2.76
2.83
2.89
2.95
3.00
3.21
3.36
3.49
3.60
3.69
3.77
3.84
3.90
4.02
4.12
4.20
4.28
4.35
4.62
4.82
4.98
5.11
5.22
5.32
5.41
5.49
5.62
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.02
1.97
2.11
2.22
2.30
2.37
2.44
2.49
2.54
2.59
2.67
2.73
2.80
2.85
2.90
3.10
3.25
3.38
3.48
3.57
3.65
3.72
3.78
3.89
3.99
4.07
4.15
4.22
4.48
4.68
4.84
4.96
5.07
5.17
5.26
5.34
5.47
5.59
5.69
5.78
5.86
1.91
2.05
2.15
2.23
2.30
2.36
2.42
2.46
2.51
2.58
2.65
2.71
2.76
2.81
3.01
3.16
3.27
3.37
3.46
3.54
3.61
3.67
3.78
3.87
3.95
4.03
4.10
4.36
4.55
4.71
4.83
4.94
5.04
5.12
5.20
5.33
5.45
5.55
5.64
5.72
1.86
1.99
2.09
2.17
2.24
2.30
2.35
2.39
2.44
2.51
2.58
2.63
2.69
2.73
2.92
3.07
3.18
3.28
3.36
3.44
3.51
3.57
3.67
3.77
3.85
3.92
3.99
4.25
4.44
4.59
4.71
4.82
4.91
5.00
5.07
5.21
5.32
5.42
5.51
5.59
1.81
1.94
2.03
2.11
2.18
2.23
2.29
2.33
2.37
2.45
2.51
2.57
2.62
2.66
2.85
2.99
3.10
3.19
3.28
3.35
3.42
3.47
3.58
3.67
3.75
3.82
3.89
4.14
4.33
4.48
4.60
4.71
4.80
4.88
4.96
5.09
5.20
5.30
5.39
5.47
1.76
1.89
1.98
2.06
2.12
2.18
2.23
2.27
2.31
2.39
2.45
2.50
2.55
2.60
2.78
2.91
3.02
3.12
3.20
3.27
3.33
3.39
3.49
3.58
3.66
3.73
3.79
4.05
4.23
4.38
4.50
4.61
4.70
4.78
4.85
4.98
5.09
5.19
5.28
5.35
1.72
1.84
1.94
2.01
2.07
2.13
2.18
2.22
2.26
2.33
2.39
2.44
2.49
2.54
2.71
2.85
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.26
3.31
3.41
3.50
3.58
3.65
3.71
3.96
4.14
4.29
4.41
4.51
4.60
4.68
4.76
4.88
4.99
5.09
5.17
5.25
1.68
1.80
1.89
1.97
2.03
2.08
2.13
2.17
2.21
2.28
2.34
2.39
2.44
2.48
2.65
2.78
2.89
2.98
3.06
3.12
3.19
3.24
3.34
3.43
3.50
3.57
3.63
3.88
4.06
4.20
4.32
4.42
4.51
4.59
4.66
4.79
4.90
4.99
5.08
5.15
Page A.11.0
TABLE A.4B
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
90% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 18000 PSI TO 32000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
1.68
1.80
1.89
1.97
2.03
2.08
2.13
2.17
2.21
2.28
2.34
2.39
2.44
2.48
2.65
2.78
2.89
2.98
3.06
3.12
3.19
3.24
3.34
3.43
3.50
3.57
3.63
3.88
4.06
4.20
4.32
4.42
4.51
4.59
4.66
4.79
4.90
4.99
5.08
5.15
1.64
1.76
1.85
1.92
1.99
2.04
2.08
2.13
2.16
2.23
2.29
2.34
2.39
2.43
2.60
2.73
2.83
2.92
2.99
3.06
3.12
3.17
3.27
3.36
3.43
3.50
3.56
3.80
3.98
4.12
4.24
4.34
4.43
4.51
4.58
4.70
4.81
4.90
4.99
5.06
1.61
1.73
1.81
1.89
1.95
2.00
2.04
2.08
2.12
2.19
2.24
2.30
2.34
2.38
2.55
2.67
2.77
2.86
2.93
3.00
3.06
3.11
3.21
3.29
3.36
3.43
3.49
3.73
3.90
4.04
4.16
4.26
4.35
4.43
4.50
4.62
4.73
4.82
4.90
4.98
1.57
1.69
1.78
1.85
1.91
1.96
2.00
2.04
2.08
2.15
2.20
2.25
2.30
2.34
2.50
2.62
2.72
2.81
2.88
2.94
3.00
3.05
3.15
3.23
3.30
3.37
3.43
3.66
3.83
3.97
4.09
4.19
4.27
4.35
4.42
4.54
4.65
4.74
4.82
4.90
1.54
1.66
1.75
1.81
1.87
1.92
1.97
2.01
2.04
2.11
2.16
2.21
2.26
2.30
2.46
2.58
2.67
2.76
2.83
2.89
2.95
3.00
3.09
3.17
3.24
3.31
3.37
3.60
3.77
3.90
4.02
4.12
4.20
4.28
4.35
4.47
4.58
4.67
4.75
4.82
1.51
1.63
1.71
1.78
1.84
1.89
1.93
1.97
2.01
2.07
2.13
2.17
2.22
2.26
2.41
2.53
2.63
2.71
2.78
2.84
2.90
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.25
3.31
3.54
3.71
3.84
3.95
4.05
4.14
4.21
4.28
4.40
4.51
4.60
4.68
4.75
1.49
1.60
1.68
1.75
1.81
1.86
1.90
1.94
1.97
2.04
2.09
2.14
2.18
2.22
2.38
2.49
2.59
2.67
2.73
2.80
2.85
2.90
2.99
3.07
3.14
3.20
3.25
3.48
3.65
3.78
3.89
3.99
4.07
4.15
4.22
4.34
4.44
4.53
4.61
4.68
1.46
1.57
1.66
1.72
1.78
1.83
1.87
1.91
1.94
2.00
2.06
2.10
2.15
2.18
2.34
2.45
2.55
2.62
2.69
2.75
2.81
2.86
2.94
3.02
3.09
3.15
3.20
3.43
3.59
3.72
3.83
3.93
4.01
4.09
4.15
4.27
4.38
4.46
4.54
4.62
1.44
1.55
1.63
1.70
1.75
1.80
1.84
1.88
1.91
1.97
2.03
2.07
2.11
2.15
2.30
2.42
2.51
2.58
2.65
2.71
2.76
2.81
2.90
2.98
3.04
3.10
3.16
3.37
3.54
3.67
3.78
3.87
3.96
4.03
4.10
4.21
4.32
4.40
4.48
4.55
1.41
1.52
1.61
1.67
1.72
1.77
1.81
1.85
1.88
1.94
2.00
2.04
2.08
2.12
2.27
2.38
2.47
2.55
2.61
2.67
2.72
2.77
2.86
2.93
3.00
3.06
3.11
3.33
3.49
3.62
3.73
3.82
3.90
3.97
4.04
4.16
4.26
4.35
4.42
4.49
1.39
1.50
1.58
1.65
1.70
1.75
1.79
1.82
1.86
1.92
1.97
2.01
2.05
2.09
2.24
2.35
2.44
2.51
2.58
2.63
2.69
2.73
2.82
2.89
2.96
3.01
3.07
3.28
3.44
3.57
3.67
3.77
3.85
3.92
3.99
4.10
4.20
4.29
4.37
4.44
1.37
1.48
1.56
1.62
1.67
1.72
1.76
1.80
1.83
1.89
1.94
1.99
2.03
2.06
2.21
2.32
2.40
2.48
2.54
2.60
2.65
2.70
2.78
2.85
2.92
2.97
3.03
3.24
3.39
3.52
3.63
3.72
3.80
3.87
3.94
4.05
4.15
4.24
4.31
4.38
1.35
1.46
1.54
1.60
1.65
1.70
1.74
1.77
1.81
1.86
1.91
1.96
2.00
2.03
2.18
2.29
2.37
2.45
2.51
2.57
2.62
2.66
2.74
2.82
2.88
2.94
2.99
3.20
3.35
3.48
3.58
3.67
3.75
3.82
3.89
4.00
4.10
4.19
4.26
4.33
1.33
1.44
1.51
1.58
1.63
1.67
1.71
1.75
1.78
1.84
1.89
1.93
1.97
2.01
2.15
2.26
2.34
2.42
2.48
2.53
2.58
2.63
2.71
2.78
2.84
2.90
2.95
3.16
3.31
3.43
3.54
3.63
3.71
3.78
3.84
3.95
4.05
4.14
4.21
4.28
1.31
1.42
1.49
1.56
1.61
1.65
1.69
1.73
1.76
1.82
1.87
1.91
1.95
1.98
2.12
2.23
2.31
2.39
2.45
2.50
2.55
2.60
2.68
2.75
2.81
2.86
2.91
3.12
3.27
3.39
3.49
3.58
3.66
3.73
3.80
3.91
4.00
4.09
4.16
4.23
Page A.12.0
TABLE A.5A
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
92% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 4000 PSI TO 18000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
3.09
3.30
3.46
3.59
3.70
3.79
3.87
3.94
4.01
4.13
4.23
4.31
4.39
4.46
4.74
4.94
5.10
5.23
5.35
5.45
5.54
5.62
5.76
5.88
5.98
6.08
6.16
6.49
6.74
6.93
7.09
7.23
7.35
7.46
7.56
7.73
7.88
8.01
8.13
8.23
2.83
3.03
3.18
3.30
3.40
3.48
3.56
3.63
3.69
3.80
3.90
3.98
4.06
4.12
4.39
4.58
4.74
4.86
4.97
5.07
5.15
5.23
5.36
5.48
5.58
5.67
5.75
6.07
6.30
6.49
6.64
6.77
6.89
6.99
7.09
7.25
7.39
7.51
7.63
7.73
2.64
2.82
2.96
3.07
3.17
3.25
3.32
3.39
3.45
3.55
3.64
3.72
3.79
3.86
4.11
4.30
4.45
4.57
4.68
4.77
4.85
4.92
5.06
5.17
5.26
5.35
5.43
5.74
5.96
6.14
6.29
6.42
6.53
6.63
6.72
6.87
7.01
7.13
7.23
7.33
2.49
2.66
2.79
2.90
2.99
3.06
3.13
3.19
3.25
3.35
3.44
3.51
3.58
3.64
3.89
4.07
4.21
4.33
4.43
4.52
4.60
4.67
4.80
4.91
5.00
5.09
5.17
5.47
5.68
5.86
6.00
6.12
6.23
6.33
6.41
6.57
6.70
6.81
6.92
7.01
2.36
2.53
2.65
2.75
2.84
2.91
2.98
3.03
3.09
3.18
3.26
3.34
3.40
3.46
3.70
3.87
4.01
4.13
4.23
4.32
4.39
4.46
4.59
4.69
4.79
4.87
4.94
5.24
5.45
5.62
5.76
5.88
5.98
6.08
6.16
6.31
6.44
6.55
6.65
6.74
2.26
2.42
2.53
2.63
2.71
2.78
2.84
2.90
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.25
3.31
3.54
3.71
3.84
3.95
4.05
4.14
4.21
4.28
4.40
4.51
4.60
4.68
4.75
5.04
5.25
5.41
5.55
5.67
5.77
5.86
5.94
6.09
6.21
6.32
6.42
6.51
2.17
2.32
2.43
2.53
2.60
2.67
2.73
2.78
2.83
2.92
3.00
3.06
3.12
3.18
3.40
3.56
3.69
3.80
3.90
3.98
4.06
4.12
4.24
4.34
4.43
4.51
4.58
4.86
5.07
5.23
5.37
5.48
5.58
5.67
5.75
5.89
6.02
6.12
6.22
6.30
2.09
2.23
2.35
2.43
2.51
2.57
2.63
2.68
2.73
2.82
2.89
2.95
3.01
3.06
3.28
3.44
3.56
3.67
3.76
3.84
3.92
3.98
4.10
4.20
4.29
4.36
4.43
4.71
4.91
5.07
5.20
5.32
5.41
5.50
5.58
5.72
5.84
5.95
6.04
6.12
2.02
2.16
2.27
2.35
2.43
2.49
2.55
2.60
2.64
2.72
2.79
2.86
2.91
2.96
3.17
3.32
3.45
3.55
3.64
3.72
3.79
3.86
3.97
4.07
4.15
4.23
4.30
4.57
4.77
4.93
5.06
5.17
5.27
5.35
5.43
5.57
5.69
5.79
5.88
5.96
1.95
2.09
2.20
2.28
2.35
2.41
2.47
2.52
2.56
2.64
2.71
2.77
2.82
2.87
3.07
3.22
3.34
3.45
3.53
3.61
3.68
3.74
3.86
3.95
4.03
4.11
4.18
4.45
4.64
4.80
4.92
5.03
5.13
5.22
5.29
5.43
5.54
5.65
5.74
5.82
1.90
2.03
2.14
2.22
2.29
2.35
2.40
2.45
2.49
2.57
2.63
2.69
2.74
2.79
2.99
3.13
3.25
3.35
3.44
3.51
3.58
3.64
3.75
3.84
3.93
4.00
4.07
4.33
4.52
4.68
4.80
4.91
5.01
5.09
5.17
5.30
5.41
5.51
5.60
5.68
1.85
1.98
2.08
2.16
2.23
2.28
2.33
2.38
2.42
2.50
2.56
2.62
2.67
2.72
2.91
3.05
3.17
3.26
3.35
3.42
3.49
3.55
3.65
3.75
3.83
3.90
3.97
4.23
4.42
4.57
4.69
4.80
4.89
4.98
5.05
5.18
5.30
5.39
5.48
5.56
1.80
1.93
2.03
2.10
2.17
2.23
2.28
2.32
2.36
2.44
2.50
2.56
2.61
2.65
2.84
2.98
3.09
3.18
3.27
3.34
3.40
3.46
3.57
3.66
3.74
3.81
3.87
4.13
4.32
4.46
4.59
4.69
4.79
4.87
4.94
5.07
5.19
5.28
5.37
5.45
1.76
1.88
1.98
2.05
2.12
2.17
2.22
2.27
2.31
2.38
2.44
2.50
2.55
2.59
2.77
2.91
3.02
3.11
3.19
3.26
3.33
3.38
3.49
3.57
3.65
3.72
3.79
4.04
4.22
4.37
4.49
4.60
4.69
4.77
4.84
4.97
5.08
5.18
5.27
5.34
1.72
1.84
1.93
2.01
2.07
2.13
2.18
2.22
2.26
2.33
2.39
2.44
2.49
2.53
2.71
2.84
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.25
3.31
3.41
3.50
3.58
3.64
3.71
3.96
4.14
4.28
4.40
4.51
4.60
4.68
4.75
4.88
4.99
5.08
5.17
5.25
Page A.13.0
TABLE A.5B
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
92% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 18000 PSI TO 32000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
1.72
1.84
1.93
2.01
2.07
2.13
2.18
2.22
2.26
2.33
2.39
2.44
2.49
2.53
2.71
2.84
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.25
3.31
3.41
3.50
3.58
3.64
3.71
3.96
4.14
4.28
4.40
4.51
4.60
4.75
4.88
4.99
5.08
5.17
5.25
5.32
1.68
1.80
1.89
1.97
2.03
2.08
2.13
2.17
2.21
2.28
2.34
2.39
2.44
2.48
2.66
2.79
2.89
2.98
3.06
3.13
3.19
3.24
3.34
3.43
3.50
3.57
3.63
3.88
4.06
4.20
4.32
4.42
4.51
4.67
4.79
4.90
4.99
5.08
5.16
5.23
1.64
1.76
1.85
1.93
1.99
2.04
2.09
2.13
2.17
2.23
2.29
2.34
2.39
2.43
2.60
2.73
2.83
2.92
3.00
3.06
3.12
3.18
3.28
3.36
3.44
3.50
3.56
3.80
3.98
4.12
4.24
4.34
4.43
4.58
4.71
4.82
4.91
4.99
5.07
5.14
1.61
1.73
1.82
1.89
1.95
2.00
2.05
2.09
2.13
2.19
2.25
2.30
2.35
2.39
2.55
2.68
2.78
2.87
2.94
3.01
3.07
3.12
3.22
3.30
3.37
3.44
3.50
3.74
3.91
4.05
4.17
4.27
4.36
4.51
4.63
4.74
4.83
4.91
4.99
5.06
1.58
1.70
1.79
1.86
1.91
1.97
2.01
2.05
2.09
2.15
2.21
2.26
2.30
2.35
2.51
2.63
2.73
2.82
2.89
2.95
3.01
3.07
3.16
3.24
3.31
3.38
3.44
3.67
3.85
3.98
4.10
4.20
4.29
4.43
4.56
4.66
4.76
4.84
4.91
4.98
1.55
1.67
1.75
1.82
1.88
1.93
1.98
2.02
2.05
2.12
2.17
2.22
2.27
2.31
2.47
2.59
2.69
2.77
2.84
2.90
2.96
3.01
3.11
3.19
3.26
3.32
3.38
3.61
3.78
3.92
4.03
4.13
4.22
4.37
4.49
4.59
4.68
4.77
4.84
4.91
1.52
1.64
1.72
1.79
1.85
1.90
1.94
1.98
2.02
2.08
2.14
2.18
2.23
2.27
2.43
2.55
2.64
2.72
2.79
2.86
2.91
2.96
3.06
3.13
3.20
3.27
3.32
3.55
3.72
3.86
3.97
4.07
4.15
4.30
4.42
4.52
4.62
4.70
4.77
4.84
1.50
1.61
1.69
1.76
1.82
1.87
1.91
1.95
1.99
2.05
2.10
2.15
2.19
2.23
2.39
2.51
2.60
2.68
2.75
2.81
2.87
2.92
3.01
3.09
3.15
3.22
3.27
3.50
3.67
3.80
3.91
4.01
4.09
4.24
4.36
4.46
4.55
4.63
4.70
4.77
1.47
1.58
1.67
1.73
1.79
1.84
1.88
1.92
1.96
2.02
2.07
2.12
2.16
2.20
2.35
2.47
2.56
2.64
2.71
2.77
2.82
2.87
2.96
3.04
3.11
3.17
3.22
3.45
3.61
3.75
3.86
3.95
4.04
4.18
4.30
4.40
4.49
4.57
4.64
4.71
1.45
1.56
1.64
1.71
1.76
1.81
1.85
1.89
1.93
1.99
2.04
2.09
2.13
2.17
2.32
2.43
2.52
2.60
2.67
2.73
2.78
2.83
2.92
3.00
3.06
3.12
3.18
3.40
3.56
3.69
3.80
3.90
3.98
4.12
4.24
4.34
4.43
4.51
4.58
4.65
1.43
1.54
1.62
1.68
1.74
1.79
1.83
1.86
1.90
1.96
2.01
2.06
2.10
2.14
2.29
2.40
2.49
2.57
2.63
2.69
2.74
2.79
2.88
2.95
3.02
3.08
3.13
3.35
3.51
3.64
3.75
3.85
3.93
4.07
4.19
4.29
4.37
4.45
4.52
4.59
1.40
1.51
1.59
1.66
1.71
1.76
1.80
1.84
1.87
1.93
1.98
2.03
2.07
2.11
2.26
2.37
2.46
2.53
2.60
2.66
2.71
2.76
2.84
2.91
2.98
3.04
3.09
3.31
3.47
3.59
3.70
3.80
3.88
4.02
4.13
4.23
4.32
4.40
4.47
4.53
1.38
1.49
1.57
1.64
1.69
1.74
1.78
1.81
1.85
1.91
1.96
2.00
2.04
2.08
2.23
2.34
2.42
2.50
2.56
2.62
2.67
2.72
2.80
2.88
2.94
3.00
3.05
3.26
3.42
3.55
3.66
3.75
3.83
3.97
4.08
4.18
4.27
4.35
4.42
4.48
1.36
1.47
1.55
1.61
1.67
1.71
1.75
1.79
1.82
1.88
1.93
1.98
2.02
2.05
2.20
2.31
2.39
2.47
2.53
2.59
2.64
2.69
2.77
2.84
2.90
2.96
3.01
3.22
3.38
3.51
3.61
3.70
3.78
3.92
4.03
4.13
4.22
4.30
4.37
4.43
1.35
1.45
1.53
1.59
1.65
1.69
1.73
1.77
1.80
1.86
1.91
1.95
1.99
2.03
2.17
2.28
2.36
2.44
2.50
2.56
2.61
2.65
2.73
2.81
2.87
2.93
2.98
3.18
3.34
3.46
3.57
3.66
3.74
3.87
3.99
4.09
4.17
4.25
4.32
4.38
Page A.14.0
TABLE A.6A
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
94% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 4000 PSI TO 18000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
4
3.17
3.39
3.55
3.68
3.79
3.88
3.97
4.04
4.11
4.23
4.33
4.42
4.50
4.57
4.85
5.05
5.21
5.35
5.46
5.56
5.65
5.74
5.88
6.00
6.11
6.20
6.29
6.62
6.87
7.07
7.23
7.37
7.50
7.61
7.71
7.88
8.03
8.16
8.28
8.39
5
2.91
3.11
3.26
3.38
3.49
3.57
3.65
3.72
3.79
3.90
3.99
4.08
4.15
4.22
4.49
4.69
4.84
4.97
5.08
5.18
5.27
5.34
5.48
5.60
5.70
5.79
5.87
6.19
6.43
6.62
6.77
6.91
7.03
7.13
7.23
7.39
7.53
7.66
7.77
7.87
6
2.71
2.90
3.04
3.15
3.25
3.33
3.41
3.48
3.54
3.64
3.73
3.81
3.89
3.95
4.21
4.40
4.55
4.68
4.78
4.88
4.96
5.04
5.17
5.28
5.38
5.47
5.55
5.86
6.09
6.27
6.42
6.55
6.66
6.76
6.85
7.01
7.15
7.27
7.38
7.47
7
2.55
2.73
2.86
2.97
3.06
3.14
3.21
3.28
3.33
3.44
3.52
3.60
3.67
3.73
3.98
4.17
4.31
4.43
4.54
4.63
4.71
4.78
4.91
5.02
5.12
5.20
5.28
5.58
5.80
5.98
6.12
6.25
6.36
6.46
6.54
6.70
6.83
6.95
7.05
7.15
8
2.42
2.59
2.72
2.82
2.91
2.99
3.05
3.11
3.17
3.26
3.35
3.42
3.49
3.55
3.79
3.97
4.11
4.23
4.33
4.42
4.50
4.57
4.69
4.80
4.90
4.98
5.05
5.35
5.57
5.74
5.88
6.00
6.11
6.20
6.29
6.44
6.57
6.68
6.78
6.87
9
2.32
2.48
2.60
2.70
2.78
2.85
2.92
2.98
3.03
3.12
3.20
3.27
3.34
3.40
3.63
3.80
3.94
4.05
4.15
4.24
4.32
4.38
4.51
4.61
4.70
4.79
4.86
5.15
5.36
5.53
5.67
5.79
5.89
5.98
6.07
6.21
6.34
6.45
6.55
6.64
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
2.22
2.38
2.50
2.59
2.67
2.74
2.80
2.86
2.91
3.00
3.07
3.14
3.20
3.26
3.49
3.65
3.79
3.90
4.00
4.08
4.16
4.22
4.34
4.45
4.54
4.62
4.69
4.97
5.18
5.34
5.48
5.60
5.70
5.79
5.87
6.02
6.14
6.25
6.35
6.43
2.14
2.29
2.41
2.50
2.57
2.64
2.70
2.75
2.80
2.89
2.96
3.03
3.09
3.14
3.36
3.52
3.65
3.76
3.86
3.94
4.01
4.08
4.20
4.30
4.39
4.47
4.54
4.82
5.02
5.18
5.32
5.43
5.53
5.62
5.70
5.84
5.96
6.07
6.16
6.25
2.07
2.22
2.33
2.42
2.49
2.55
2.61
2.66
2.71
2.79
2.87
2.93
2.99
3.04
3.25
3.41
3.54
3.64
3.73
3.82
3.89
3.95
4.07
4.17
4.25
4.33
4.40
4.68
4.88
5.04
5.17
5.28
5.38
5.47
5.55
5.69
5.81
5.91
6.00
6.09
2.01
2.15
2.26
2.34
2.41
2.48
2.53
2.58
2.63
2.71
2.78
2.84
2.90
2.95
3.15
3.31
3.43
3.53
3.62
3.70
3.77
3.84
3.95
4.05
4.13
4.21
4.28
4.55
4.75
4.90
5.03
5.15
5.24
5.33
5.41
5.54
5.66
5.76
5.86
5.94
1.95
2.09
2.19
2.28
2.35
2.41
2.46
2.51
2.55
2.63
2.70
2.76
2.82
2.87
3.06
3.21
3.33
3.44
3.52
3.60
3.67
3.73
3.85
3.94
4.02
4.10
4.17
4.43
4.63
4.78
4.91
5.02
5.12
5.20
5.28
5.42
5.53
5.63
5.72
5.80
1.90
2.03
2.13
2.21
2.28
2.34
2.40
2.44
2.49
2.56
2.63
2.69
2.74
2.79
2.98
3.13
3.25
3.35
3.43
3.51
3.58
3.64
3.75
3.84
3.92
4.00
4.06
4.33
4.52
4.67
4.80
4.91
5.00
5.09
5.16
5.30
5.41
5.51
5.60
5.68
1.85
1.98
2.08
2.16
2.23
2.29
2.34
2.38
2.43
2.50
2.57
2.62
2.67
2.72
2.91
3.05
3.17
3.27
3.35
3.42
3.49
3.55
3.66
3.75
3.83
3.90
3.97
4.23
4.42
4.57
4.69
4.80
4.90
4.98
5.05
5.19
5.30
5.40
5.49
5.57
1.80
1.93
2.03
2.11
2.18
2.23
2.28
2.33
2.37
2.44
2.51
2.56
2.61
2.66
2.84
2.98
3.10
3.19
3.27
3.35
3.41
3.47
3.58
3.67
3.75
3.82
3.88
4.14
4.33
4.47
4.60
4.70
4.80
4.88
4.95
5.08
5.20
5.29
5.38
5.46
1.76
1.89
1.99
2.06
2.13
2.18
2.23
2.28
2.32
2.39
2.45
2.51
2.56
2.60
2.78
2.92
3.03
3.12
3.20
3.27
3.34
3.40
3.50
3.59
3.67
3.74
3.80
4.05
4.24
4.39
4.51
4.61
4.70
4.79
4.86
4.99
5.10
5.20
5.28
5.36
Page A.15.0
TABLE A.6B
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
94% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 18000 PSI TO 32000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
1.76
1.89
1.99
2.06
2.13
2.18
2.23
2.28
2.32
2.39
2.45
2.51
2.56
2.60
2.78
2.92
3.03
3.12
3.20
3.27
3.34
3.40
3.50
3.59
3.67
3.74
3.80
4.05
4.24
4.39
4.51
4.61
4.70
4.79
4.86
4.99
5.10
5.20
5.28
5.36
1.72
1.85
1.94
2.02
2.08
2.14
2.19
2.23
2.27
2.34
2.40
2.45
2.50
2.55
2.72
2.86
2.97
3.06
3.14
3.21
3.27
3.33
3.43
3.52
3.59
3.66
3.73
3.97
4.16
4.30
4.42
4.53
4.62
4.70
4.77
4.90
5.01
5.11
5.19
5.27
1.69
1.81
1.90
1.98
2.04
2.10
2.14
2.19
2.22
2.29
2.35
2.41
2.45
2.50
2.67
2.80
2.91
3.00
3.07
3.14
3.21
3.26
3.36
3.45
3.52
3.59
3.65
3.90
4.08
4.22
4.34
4.45
4.54
4.62
4.69
4.82
4.93
5.02
5.11
5.18
1.66
1.78
1.87
1.94
2.00
2.06
2.10
2.14
2.18
2.25
2.31
2.36
2.41
2.45
2.62
2.75
2.85
2.94
3.02
3.09
3.15
3.20
3.30
3.38
3.46
3.53
3.59
3.83
4.01
4.15
4.27
4.37
4.46
4.54
4.61
4.74
4.85
4.94
5.02
5.10
1.62
1.74
1.83
1.91
1.97
2.02
2.06
2.11
2.14
2.21
2.27
2.32
2.37
2.41
2.58
2.70
2.80
2.89
2.96
3.03
3.09
3.14
3.24
3.32
3.40
3.46
3.52
3.76
3.94
4.08
4.20
4.30
4.39
4.47
4.54
4.66
4.77
4.86
4.95
5.02
1.59
1.71
1.80
1.87
1.93
1.98
2.03
2.07
2.11
2.17
2.23
2.28
2.32
2.37
2.53
2.66
2.76
2.84
2.91
2.98
3.04
3.09
3.19
3.27
3.34
3.41
3.47
3.70
3.88
4.02
4.13
4.23
4.32
4.40
4.47
4.59
4.70
4.79
4.87
4.95
1.57
1.68
1.77
1.84
1.90
1.95
1.99
2.04
2.07
2.14
2.19
2.24
2.29
2.33
2.49
2.61
2.71
2.79
2.87
2.93
2.99
3.04
3.13
3.22
3.29
3.35
3.41
3.64
3.82
3.95
4.07
4.17
4.26
4.33
4.40
4.53
4.63
4.72
4.80
4.88
1.54
1.66
1.74
1.81
1.87
1.92
1.96
2.00
2.04
2.10
2.16
2.21
2.25
2.29
2.45
2.57
2.67
2.75
2.82
2.89
2.94
2.99
3.09
3.17
3.24
3.30
3.36
3.59
3.76
3.90
4.01
4.11
4.19
4.27
4.34
4.46
4.57
4.66
4.74
4.81
1.51
1.63
1.71
1.78
1.84
1.89
1.93
1.97
2.01
2.07
2.13
2.17
2.22
2.26
2.41
2.53
2.63
2.71
2.78
2.84
2.90
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.25
3.31
3.54
3.70
3.84
3.95
4.05
4.13
4.21
4.28
4.40
4.50
4.60
4.68
4.75
1.49
1.60
1.69
1.76
1.81
1.86
1.90
1.94
1.98
2.04
2.09
2.14
2.18
2.22
2.38
2.50
2.59
2.67
2.74
2.80
2.86
2.91
3.00
3.07
3.14
3.20
3.26
3.48
3.65
3.79
3.90
3.99
4.08
4.15
4.22
4.34
4.45
4.54
4.62
4.69
1.47
1.58
1.66
1.73
1.79
1.83
1.88
1.91
1.95
2.01
2.06
2.11
2.15
2.19
2.35
2.46
2.55
2.63
2.70
2.76
2.82
2.87
2.95
3.03
3.10
3.16
3.22
3.44
3.60
3.74
3.85
3.94
4.03
4.10
4.17
4.29
4.39
4.48
4.56
4.63
1.45
1.56
1.64
1.70
1.76
1.81
1.85
1.89
1.92
1.98
2.04
2.08
2.12
2.16
2.31
2.43
2.52
2.60
2.66
2.72
2.78
2.83
2.91
2.99
3.06
3.12
3.17
3.39
3.56
3.69
3.80
3.89
3.97
4.05
4.12
4.23
4.33
4.42
4.50
4.57
1.42
1.53
1.62
1.68
1.74
1.78
1.83
1.86
1.90
1.96
2.01
2.06
2.10
2.13
2.28
2.40
2.49
2.56
2.63
2.69
2.74
2.79
2.88
2.95
3.02
3.08
3.13
3.35
3.51
3.64
3.75
3.84
3.92
4.00
4.07
4.18
4.28
4.37
4.45
4.52
1.40
1.51
1.59
1.66
1.71
1.76
1.80
1.84
1.87
1.93
1.98
2.03
2.07
2.11
2.26
2.37
2.46
2.53
2.60
2.66
2.71
2.76
2.84
2.91
2.98
3.04
3.09
3.31
3.47
3.59
3.70
3.80
3.88
3.95
4.02
4.13
4.23
4.32
4.40
4.47
1.39
1.49
1.57
1.64
1.69
1.74
1.78
1.82
1.85
1.91
1.96
2.00
2.04
2.08
2.23
2.34
2.43
2.50
2.57
2.62
2.68
2.72
2.81
2.88
2.94
3.00
3.05
3.27
3.42
3.55
3.66
3.75
3.83
3.90
3.97
4.09
4.19
4.27
4.35
4.42
Page A.16.0
TABLE A.7A
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
95% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 4000 PSI TO 18000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
3.22
3.44
3.60
3.74
3.85
3.94
4.03
4.10
4.17
4.29
4.39
4.48
4.56
4.63
4.91
5.12
5.28
5.42
5.53
5.64
5.73
5.81
5.95
6.07
6.18
6.28
6.36
6.70
6.95
7.15
7.32
7.46
7.58
7.69
7.79
7.97
8.12
8.26
8.38
8.48
2.95
3.16
3.31
3.43
3.54
3.63
3.71
3.78
3.84
3.96
4.05
4.14
4.22
4.28
4.56
4.75
4.91
5.04
5.15
5.25
5.33
5.41
5.55
5.67
5.77
5.86
5.95
6.27
6.51
6.70
6.86
6.99
7.11
7.21
7.31
7.48
7.62
7.75
7.86
7.96
2.75
2.94
3.09
3.20
3.30
3.39
3.46
3.53
3.59
3.70
3.79
3.87
3.95
4.01
4.27
4.46
4.62
4.74
4.85
4.94
5.03
5.10
5.24
5.35
5.45
5.54
5.62
5.93
6.16
6.34
6.49
6.62
6.74
6.84
6.93
7.09
7.23
7.35
7.46
7.56
2.59
2.77
2.91
3.02
3.11
3.19
3.26
3.33
3.39
3.49
3.58
3.66
3.73
3.79
4.04
4.23
4.37
4.50
4.60
4.69
4.77
4.85
4.98
5.09
5.18
5.27
5.35
5.65
5.88
6.05
6.20
6.33
6.44
6.53
6.62
6.78
6.91
7.03
7.14
7.23
2.46
2.63
2.76
2.87
2.96
3.03
3.10
3.16
3.22
3.32
3.40
3.48
3.54
3.60
3.85
4.03
4.17
4.29
4.39
4.48
4.56
4.63
4.76
4.87
4.96
5.05
5.12
5.42
5.64
5.81
5.95
6.07
6.18
6.28
6.36
6.52
6.65
6.76
6.86
6.95
2.35
2.52
2.64
2.74
2.83
2.90
2.96
3.02
3.07
3.17
3.25
3.32
3.39
3.45
3.68
3.86
4.00
4.11
4.21
4.30
4.38
4.45
4.57
4.68
4.77
4.85
4.93
5.22
5.43
5.60
5.74
5.86
5.96
6.06
6.14
6.29
6.42
6.53
6.63
6.72
2.26
2.42
2.54
2.63
2.71
2.78
2.85
2.90
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.25
3.31
3.54
3.71
3.84
3.96
4.05
4.14
4.22
4.28
4.41
4.51
4.60
4.68
4.75
5.04
5.25
5.41
5.55
5.67
5.77
5.86
5.95
6.09
6.22
6.32
6.42
6.51
2.18
2.33
2.44
2.54
2.61
2.68
2.74
2.80
2.85
2.93
3.01
3.08
3.14
3.19
3.41
3.58
3.71
3.82
3.92
4.00
4.07
4.14
4.26
4.36
4.45
4.53
4.60
4.88
5.09
5.25
5.39
5.50
5.60
5.69
5.77
5.92
6.04
6.14
6.24
6.33
2.10
2.25
2.36
2.45
2.53
2.59
2.65
2.70
2.75
2.84
2.91
2.98
3.03
3.09
3.30
3.46
3.59
3.70
3.79
3.87
3.95
4.01
4.13
4.23
4.32
4.39
4.46
4.74
4.94
5.10
5.24
5.35
5.45
5.54
5.62
5.76
5.88
5.98
6.08
6.16
2.04
2.18
2.29
2.38
2.45
2.52
2.57
2.62
2.67
2.75
2.82
2.89
2.94
2.99
3.20
3.36
3.48
3.59
3.68
3.76
3.83
3.90
4.01
4.11
4.19
4.27
4.34
4.61
4.81
4.97
5.10
5.21
5.31
5.40
5.48
5.62
5.73
5.84
5.93
6.01
1.98
2.12
2.23
2.31
2.38
2.44
2.50
2.55
2.59
2.67
2.74
2.80
2.86
2.91
3.11
3.26
3.39
3.49
3.58
3.66
3.73
3.79
3.90
4.00
4.08
4.16
4.23
4.50
4.69
4.85
4.98
5.09
5.19
5.27
5.35
5.49
5.60
5.70
5.80
5.88
1.93
2.06
2.17
2.25
2.32
2.38
2.43
2.48
2.53
2.60
2.67
2.73
2.78
2.83
3.03
3.18
3.30
3.40
3.49
3.56
3.63
3.69
3.80
3.90
3.98
4.06
4.12
4.39
4.58
4.74
4.86
4.97
5.07
5.15
5.23
5.37
5.48
5.58
5.67
5.75
1.88
2.01
2.11
2.19
2.26
2.32
2.37
2.42
2.46
2.54
2.61
2.66
2.72
2.76
2.96
3.10
3.22
3.32
3.40
3.48
3.54
3.61
3.71
3.81
3.89
3.96
4.03
4.29
4.48
4.63
4.76
4.87
4.96
5.05
5.12
5.26
5.37
5.47
5.56
5.64
1.83
1.97
2.06
2.14
2.21
2.27
2.32
2.36
2.41
2.48
2.55
2.60
2.65
2.70
2.89
3.03
3.14
3.24
3.32
3.40
3.46
3.52
3.63
3.72
3.80
3.87
3.94
4.20
4.39
4.54
4.66
4.77
4.86
4.95
5.02
5.15
5.27
5.36
5.45
5.53
1.79
1.92
2.02
2.10
2.16
2.22
2.27
2.31
2.35
2.43
2.49
2.55
2.60
2.64
2.83
2.96
3.08
3.17
3.25
3.32
3.39
3.45
3.55
3.64
3.72
3.79
3.86
4.11
4.30
4.45
4.57
4.68
4.77
4.85
4.93
5.06
5.17
5.27
5.35
5.43
Page A.17.0
TABLE A.7B
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
95% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 18000 PSI TO 32000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
1.79
1.92
2.02
2.10
2.16
2.22
2.27
2.31
2.35
2.43
2.49
2.55
2.60
2.64
2.83
2.96
3.08
3.17
3.25
3.32
3.39
3.45
3.55
3.64
3.72
3.79
3.86
4.11
4.30
4.45
4.57
4.68
4.77
4.85
4.93
5.06
5.17
5.27
5.35
5.43
1.75
1.88
1.98
2.05
2.12
2.17
2.22
2.26
2.30
2.38
2.44
2.49
2.54
2.59
2.77
2.90
3.01
3.10
3.19
3.26
3.32
3.38
3.48
3.57
3.65
3.72
3.78
4.03
4.22
4.36
4.49
4.59
4.68
4.76
4.84
4.97
5.08
5.17
5.26
5.34
1.72
1.84
1.94
2.01
2.07
2.13
2.18
2.22
2.26
2.33
2.39
2.44
2.49
2.54
2.71
2.85
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.26
3.31
3.41
3.50
3.58
3.65
3.71
3.96
4.14
4.29
4.41
4.51
4.60
4.68
4.75
4.88
4.99
5.09
5.17
5.25
1.68
1.81
1.90
1.97
2.03
2.09
2.14
2.18
2.22
2.29
2.35
2.40
2.45
2.49
2.66
2.79
2.90
2.99
3.06
3.13
3.20
3.25
3.35
3.44
3.51
3.58
3.64
3.89
4.07
4.21
4.33
4.43
4.52
4.60
4.68
4.80
4.91
5.01
5.09
5.17
1.65
1.77
1.86
1.94
2.00
2.05
2.10
2.14
2.18
2.24
2.30
2.36
2.40
2.44
2.62
2.74
2.85
2.93
3.01
3.08
3.14
3.19
3.29
3.38
3.45
3.52
3.58
3.82
4.00
4.14
4.26
4.36
4.45
4.53
4.60
4.73
4.84
4.93
5.01
5.09
1.62
1.74
1.83
1.90
1.96
2.01
2.06
2.10
2.14
2.21
2.26
2.32
2.36
2.40
2.57
2.70
2.80
2.88
2.96
3.03
3.09
3.14
3.24
3.32
3.39
3.46
3.52
3.76
3.94
4.08
4.19
4.29
4.38
4.46
4.53
4.66
4.76
4.86
4.94
5.02
1.59
1.71
1.80
1.87
1.93
1.98
2.03
2.07
2.10
2.17
2.23
2.28
2.32
2.36
2.53
2.65
2.75
2.84
2.91
2.98
3.04
3.09
3.18
3.27
3.34
3.40
3.46
3.70
3.87
4.01
4.13
4.23
4.32
4.39
4.47
4.59
4.69
4.79
4.87
4.94
1.57
1.68
1.77
1.84
1.90
1.95
1.99
2.03
2.07
2.14
2.19
2.24
2.29
2.33
2.49
2.61
2.71
2.79
2.87
2.93
2.99
3.04
3.13
3.21
3.29
3.35
3.41
3.64
3.82
3.95
4.07
4.17
4.25
4.33
4.40
4.52
4.63
4.72
4.80
4.88
1.54
1.66
1.74
1.81
1.87
1.92
1.96
2.00
2.04
2.10
2.16
2.21
2.25
2.29
2.45
2.57
2.67
2.75
2.82
2.89
2.94
3.00
3.09
3.17
3.24
3.30
3.36
3.59
3.76
3.90
4.01
4.11
4.20
4.27
4.34
4.46
4.57
4.66
4.74
4.81
1.52
1.63
1.72
1.78
1.84
1.89
1.93
1.97
2.01
2.07
2.13
2.18
2.22
2.26
2.42
2.54
2.63
2.71
2.78
2.84
2.90
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.25
3.31
3.54
3.71
3.84
3.96
4.05
4.14
4.21
4.28
4.40
4.51
4.60
4.68
4.75
1.49
1.61
1.69
1.76
1.81
1.86
1.91
1.95
1.98
2.04
2.10
2.14
2.19
2.23
2.38
2.50
2.59
2.67
2.74
2.80
2.86
2.91
3.00
3.08
3.15
3.21
3.27
3.49
3.66
3.79
3.90
4.00
4.08
4.16
4.23
4.35
4.45
4.54
4.62
4.69
1.47
1.58
1.67
1.73
1.79
1.84
1.88
1.92
1.95
2.02
2.07
2.12
2.16
2.20
2.35
2.47
2.56
2.64
2.71
2.77
2.82
2.87
2.96
3.04
3.10
3.17
3.22
3.44
3.61
3.74
3.85
3.95
4.03
4.11
4.18
4.29
4.40
4.49
4.57
4.64
1.45
1.56
1.64
1.71
1.76
1.81
1.86
1.89
1.93
1.99
2.04
2.09
2.13
2.17
2.32
2.43
2.53
2.60
2.67
2.73
2.79
2.83
2.92
3.00
3.06
3.12
3.18
3.40
3.56
3.70
3.81
3.90
3.98
4.06
4.12
4.24
4.34
4.43
4.51
4.58
1.43
1.54
1.62
1.69
1.74
1.79
1.83
1.87
1.90
1.96
2.01
2.06
2.10
2.14
2.29
2.40
2.49
2.57
2.64
2.70
2.75
2.80
2.88
2.96
3.03
3.09
3.14
3.36
3.52
3.65
3.76
3.85
3.94
4.01
4.08
4.19
4.29
4.38
4.46
4.53
1.41
1.52
1.60
1.66
1.72
1.77
1.81
1.84
1.88
1.94
1.99
2.04
2.08
2.11
2.26
2.37
2.46
2.54
2.61
2.66
2.72
2.76
2.85
2.92
2.99
3.05
3.10
3.32
3.48
3.61
3.71
3.81
3.89
3.96
4.03
4.15
4.25
4.33
4.41
4.48
Page A.18.0
TABLE A.8A
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
96% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 4000 PSI TO 18000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
3.28
3.50
3.67
3.80
3.92
4.01
4.10
4.17
4.24
4.36
4.46
4.55
4.63
4.71
4.99
5.20
5.36
5.50
5.62
5.72
5.81
5.89
6.04
6.16
6.27
6.37
6.45
6.80
7.05
7.25
7.42
7.56
7.69
7.80
7.90
8.08
8.23
8.37
8.49
8.60
3.01
3.22
3.37
3.50
3.60
3.69
3.77
3.85
3.91
4.03
4.12
4.21
4.29
4.36
4.63
4.83
4.99
5.12
5.23
5.33
5.42
5.50
5.63
5.75
5.86
5.95
6.03
6.36
6.60
6.79
6.95
7.09
7.21
7.31
7.41
7.58
7.73
7.85
7.97
8.07
2.80
3.00
3.14
3.26
3.36
3.45
3.52
3.59
3.65
3.76
3.86
3.94
4.01
4.08
4.34
4.54
4.69
4.82
4.93
5.02
5.11
5.18
5.32
5.43
5.53
5.62
5.70
6.02
6.25
6.43
6.59
6.72
6.83
6.94
7.03
7.19
7.33
7.45
7.56
7.66
2.64
2.82
2.96
3.07
3.17
3.25
3.32
3.39
3.45
3.55
3.64
3.72
3.79
3.86
4.11
4.30
4.45
4.57
4.68
4.77
4.85
4.93
5.06
5.17
5.26
5.35
5.43
5.74
5.96
6.14
6.29
6.42
6.53
6.63
6.72
6.87
7.01
7.13
7.23
7.33
2.51
2.68
2.81
2.92
3.01
3.09
3.16
3.22
3.28
3.38
3.46
3.54
3.61
3.67
3.92
4.10
4.24
4.36
4.47
4.56
4.64
4.71
4.84
4.94
5.04
5.12
5.20
5.50
5.72
5.89
6.04
6.16
6.27
6.37
6.46
6.61
6.74
6.86
6.96
7.05
2.40
2.56
2.69
2.79
2.88
2.95
3.02
3.08
3.13
3.23
3.31
3.38
3.45
3.51
3.75
3.93
4.07
4.18
4.28
4.37
4.45
4.52
4.65
4.75
4.85
4.93
5.00
5.30
5.51
5.68
5.82
5.94
6.05
6.14
6.23
6.38
6.51
6.62
6.72
6.81
2.30
2.46
2.58
2.68
2.76
2.83
2.90
2.95
3.01
3.10
3.18
3.25
3.31
3.37
3.60
3.77
3.91
4.03
4.12
4.21
4.29
4.36
4.48
4.58
4.68
4.76
4.83
5.12
5.33
5.50
5.63
5.75
5.86
5.95
6.03
6.18
6.31
6.42
6.51
6.60
2.22
2.37
2.49
2.58
2.66
2.73
2.79
2.85
2.90
2.99
3.07
3.13
3.20
3.25
3.48
3.64
3.78
3.89
3.98
4.07
4.14
4.21
4.33
4.43
4.52
4.60
4.68
4.96
5.17
5.33
5.47
5.58
5.69
5.78
5.86
6.00
6.13
6.23
6.33
6.42
2.14
2.29
2.41
2.50
2.57
2.64
2.70
2.75
2.80
2.89
2.96
3.03
3.09
3.14
3.36
3.52
3.66
3.76
3.86
3.94
4.02
4.08
4.20
4.30
4.39
4.47
4.54
4.82
5.02
5.18
5.32
5.43
5.53
5.62
5.70
5.84
5.96
6.07
6.17
6.25
2.08
2.22
2.33
2.42
2.50
2.56
2.62
2.67
2.72
2.80
2.87
2.94
3.00
3.05
3.26
3.42
3.55
3.65
3.75
3.83
3.90
3.96
4.08
4.18
4.27
4.34
4.41
4.69
4.89
5.05
5.18
5.29
5.39
5.48
5.56
5.70
5.82
5.92
6.02
6.10
2.02
2.16
2.27
2.35
2.43
2.49
2.55
2.60
2.64
2.72
2.79
2.86
2.91
2.96
3.17
3.32
3.45
3.55
3.64
3.72
3.79
3.86
3.97
4.07
4.15
4.23
4.30
4.57
4.77
4.93
5.06
5.17
5.27
5.35
5.43
5.57
5.69
5.79
5.88
5.96
1.96
2.10
2.21
2.29
2.36
2.42
2.48
2.53
2.57
2.65
2.72
2.78
2.84
2.89
3.09
3.24
3.36
3.46
3.55
3.63
3.70
3.76
3.87
3.97
4.05
4.13
4.19
4.46
4.66
4.81
4.94
5.05
5.15
5.23
5.31
5.45
5.56
5.67
5.76
5.84
1.91
2.05
2.15
2.23
2.30
2.36
2.42
2.47
2.51
2.59
2.65
2.71
2.77
2.82
3.01
3.16
3.28
3.38
3.46
3.54
3.61
3.67
3.78
3.87
3.96
4.03
4.10
4.36
4.56
4.71
4.84
4.95
5.04
5.13
5.20
5.34
5.45
5.55
5.64
5.72
1.87
2.00
2.10
2.18
2.25
2.31
2.36
2.41
2.45
2.53
2.59
2.65
2.70
2.75
2.94
3.09
3.20
3.30
3.38
3.46
3.53
3.59
3.70
3.79
3.87
3.94
4.01
4.27
4.46
4.61
4.74
4.85
4.94
5.02
5.10
5.23
5.35
5.45
5.53
5.61
1.83
1.96
2.06
2.13
2.20
2.26
2.31
2.36
2.40
2.47
2.54
2.59
2.64
2.69
2.88
3.02
3.13
3.23
3.31
3.38
3.45
3.51
3.62
3.71
3.79
3.86
3.93
4.18
4.37
4.52
4.65
4.75
4.85
4.93
5.00
5.14
5.25
5.35
5.43
5.51
Page A.19.0
TABLE A.8B
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
96% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 18000 PSI TO 32000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
1.83
1.96
2.06
2.13
2.20
2.26
2.31
2.36
2.40
2.47
2.54
2.59
2.64
2.69
2.88
3.02
3.13
3.23
3.31
3.38
3.45
3.51
3.62
3.71
3.79
3.86
3.93
4.18
4.37
4.52
4.65
4.75
4.85
4.93
5.00
5.14
5.25
5.35
5.43
5.51
1.79
1.92
2.01
2.09
2.16
2.21
2.26
2.31
2.35
2.42
2.48
2.54
2.59
2.63
2.82
2.96
3.07
3.16
3.24
3.32
3.38
3.44
3.54
3.63
3.71
3.78
3.85
4.10
4.29
4.44
4.56
4.67
4.76
4.84
4.92
5.05
5.16
5.25
5.34
5.42
1.75
1.88
1.97
2.05
2.11
2.17
2.22
2.26
2.30
2.37
2.43
2.49
2.54
2.58
2.76
2.90
3.01
3.10
3.18
3.25
3.31
3.37
3.48
3.56
3.64
3.71
3.78
4.03
4.21
4.36
4.48
4.58
4.68
4.76
4.83
4.96
5.07
5.17
5.25
5.33
1.72
1.84
1.93
2.01
2.07
2.13
2.18
2.22
2.26
2.33
2.39
2.44
2.49
2.53
2.71
2.84
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.25
3.31
3.41
3.50
3.58
3.64
3.71
3.96
4.14
4.28
4.40
4.51
4.60
4.68
4.75
4.88
4.99
5.09
5.17
5.25
1.68
1.81
1.90
1.97
2.03
2.09
2.14
2.18
2.22
2.29
2.35
2.40
2.45
2.49
2.66
2.79
2.90
2.99
3.07
3.13
3.20
3.25
3.35
3.44
3.51
3.58
3.64
3.89
4.07
4.21
4.33
4.44
4.53
4.61
4.68
4.80
4.91
5.01
5.09
5.17
1.65
1.77
1.87
1.94
2.00
2.05
2.10
2.14
2.18
2.25
2.31
2.36
2.40
2.45
2.62
2.75
2.85
2.94
3.01
3.08
3.14
3.20
3.29
3.38
3.45
3.52
3.58
3.83
4.00
4.15
4.26
4.37
4.46
4.54
4.61
4.73
4.84
4.93
5.02
5.09
1.62
1.74
1.83
1.91
1.97
2.02
2.06
2.11
2.14
2.21
2.27
2.32
2.37
2.41
2.58
2.70
2.80
2.89
2.96
3.03
3.09
3.15
3.24
3.33
3.40
3.47
3.53
3.77
3.94
4.08
4.20
4.30
4.39
4.47
4.54
4.66
4.77
4.86
4.95
5.02
1.60
1.72
1.80
1.88
1.93
1.99
2.03
2.07
2.11
2.18
2.23
2.28
2.33
2.37
2.54
2.66
2.76
2.84
2.92
2.98
3.04
3.10
3.19
3.27
3.35
3.41
3.47
3.71
3.88
4.02
4.14
4.24
4.33
4.40
4.48
4.60
4.71
4.80
4.88
4.96
1.57
1.69
1.78
1.85
1.90
1.96
2.00
2.04
2.08
2.14
2.20
2.25
2.29
2.33
2.50
2.62
2.72
2.80
2.87
2.94
3.00
3.05
3.14
3.22
3.30
3.36
3.42
3.65
3.83
3.97
4.08
4.18
4.27
4.34
4.41
4.54
4.64
4.73
4.82
4.89
1.55
1.66
1.75
1.82
1.88
1.93
1.97
2.01
2.05
2.11
2.17
2.22
2.26
2.30
2.46
2.58
2.68
2.76
2.83
2.90
2.95
3.01
3.10
3.18
3.25
3.31
3.37
3.60
3.77
3.91
4.02
4.12
4.21
4.29
4.36
4.48
4.58
4.67
4.76
4.83
1.52
1.64
1.72
1.79
1.85
1.90
1.94
1.98
2.02
2.08
2.14
2.18
2.23
2.27
2.43
2.55
2.64
2.72
2.79
2.86
2.91
2.96
3.06
3.13
3.20
3.27
3.32
3.55
3.72
3.86
3.97
4.07
4.15
4.23
4.30
4.42
4.53
4.62
4.70
4.77
1.50
1.61
1.70
1.77
1.82
1.87
1.92
1.96
1.99
2.05
2.11
2.16
2.20
2.24
2.39
2.51
2.61
2.69
2.76
2.82
2.87
2.92
3.01
3.09
3.16
3.22
3.28
3.51
3.67
3.81
3.92
4.02
4.10
4.18
4.25
4.37
4.47
4.56
4.64
4.71
1.48
1.59
1.68
1.74
1.80
1.85
1.89
1.93
1.96
2.03
2.08
2.13
2.17
2.21
2.36
2.48
2.57
2.65
2.72
2.78
2.84
2.89
2.98
3.05
3.12
3.18
3.24
3.46
3.63
3.76
3.87
3.97
4.05
4.13
4.20
4.32
4.42
4.51
4.59
4.66
1.46
1.57
1.65
1.72
1.78
1.82
1.87
1.90
1.94
2.00
2.05
2.10
2.14
2.18
2.33
2.45
2.54
2.62
2.69
2.75
2.80
2.85
2.94
3.01
3.08
3.14
3.20
3.42
3.58
3.72
3.83
3.92
4.00
4.08
4.15
4.27
4.37
4.46
4.54
4.61
1.44
1.55
1.63
1.70
1.75
1.80
1.84
1.88
1.91
1.97
2.03
2.07
2.12
2.15
2.30
2.42
2.51
2.59
2.65
2.71
2.77
2.82
2.90
2.98
3.04
3.10
3.16
3.38
3.54
3.67
3.78
3.88
3.96
4.03
4.10
4.22
4.32
4.41
4.49
4.56
Page A.20.0
TABLE A.9A
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
97% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 4000 PSI TO 18000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
4
3.35
3.58
3.75
3.89
4.00
4.10
4.18
4.26
4.33
4.45
4.56
4.65
4.73
4.80
5.09
5.30
5.46
5.60
5.72
5.82
5.92
6.00
6.15
6.27
6.38
6.48
6.57
6.92
7.17
7.37
7.54
7.69
7.82
7.93
8.03
8.21
8.37
8.51
8.63
8.74
5
3.07
3.29
3.45
3.57
3.68
3.77
3.86
3.93
4.00
4.11
4.21
4.30
4.38
4.45
4.72
4.92
5.08
5.22
5.33
5.43
5.52
5.60
5.74
5.86
5.96
6.06
6.14
6.47
6.72
6.91
7.07
7.21
7.33
7.44
7.54
7.71
7.86
7.99
8.10
8.21
6
2.87
3.07
3.21
3.34
3.44
3.52
3.60
3.67
3.73
3.85
3.94
4.02
4.10
4.17
4.43
4.63
4.78
4.91
5.02
5.12
5.20
5.28
5.42
5.53
5.63
5.72
5.81
6.13
6.36
6.55
6.70
6.83
6.95
7.05
7.15
7.31
7.46
7.58
7.69
7.79
7
2.70
2.89
3.03
3.14
3.24
3.32
3.40
3.46
3.52
3.63
3.72
3.80
3.88
3.94
4.20
4.39
4.54
4.66
4.77
4.86
4.95
5.02
5.15
5.27
5.36
5.45
5.53
5.84
6.07
6.25
6.40
6.53
6.64
6.74
6.83
6.99
7.13
7.25
7.36
7.45
8
2.57
2.74
2.88
2.99
3.08
3.16
3.23
3.29
3.35
3.45
3.54
3.62
3.69
3.75
4.00
4.18
4.33
4.45
4.56
4.65
4.73
4.80
4.93
5.04
5.14
5.22
5.30
5.60
5.83
6.00
6.15
6.27
6.38
6.48
6.57
6.72
6.86
6.97
7.08
7.17
9
2.45
2.62
2.75
2.85
2.94
3.02
3.09
3.15
3.20
3.30
3.38
3.46
3.53
3.59
3.83
4.01
4.15
4.27
4.37
4.46
4.54
4.61
4.74
4.85
4.94
5.02
5.10
5.40
5.61
5.79
5.93
6.05
6.16
6.25
6.34
6.49
6.62
6.74
6.84
6.93
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
2.35
2.52
2.64
2.74
2.83
2.90
2.96
3.02
3.07
3.17
3.25
3.32
3.39
3.45
3.68
3.86
4.00
4.11
4.21
4.30
4.38
4.45
4.57
4.68
4.77
4.85
4.93
5.22
5.43
5.60
5.74
5.86
5.96
6.06
6.14
6.29
6.42
6.53
6.63
6.72
2.27
2.43
2.55
2.64
2.72
2.79
2.86
2.91
2.96
3.06
3.13
3.20
3.27
3.32
3.55
3.72
3.86
3.97
4.07
4.15
4.23
4.30
4.42
4.53
4.62
4.70
4.77
5.06
5.27
5.43
5.57
5.69
5.79
5.88
5.96
6.11
6.23
6.34
6.44
6.53
2.19
2.35
2.46
2.55
2.63
2.70
2.76
2.82
2.87
2.95
3.03
3.10
3.16
3.22
3.44
3.60
3.74
3.85
3.94
4.03
4.10
4.17
4.29
4.39
4.48
4.56
4.63
4.91
5.12
5.28
5.42
5.53
5.63
5.72
5.81
5.95
6.07
6.18
6.28
6.36
2.13
2.27
2.39
2.48
2.55
2.62
2.68
2.73
2.78
2.86
2.94
3.01
3.06
3.12
3.33
3.50
3.63
3.73
3.83
3.91
3.98
4.05
4.17
4.27
4.35
4.43
4.50
4.78
4.99
5.15
5.28
5.39
5.49
5.58
5.66
5.80
5.92
6.03
6.12
6.21
2.06
2.21
2.32
2.41
2.48
2.55
2.60
2.65
2.70
2.78
2.86
2.92
2.98
3.03
3.24
3.40
3.52
3.63
3.72
3.80
3.88
3.94
4.06
4.15
4.24
4.32
4.39
4.66
4.86
5.02
5.15
5.27
5.37
5.45
5.53
5.67
5.79
5.89
5.99
6.07
2.01
2.15
2.26
2.34
2.42
2.48
2.53
2.58
2.63
2.71
2.78
2.84
2.90
2.95
3.16
3.31
3.43
3.54
3.63
3.71
3.78
3.84
3.96
4.05
4.14
4.21
4.28
4.55
4.75
4.91
5.04
5.15
5.25
5.33
5.41
5.55
5.67
5.77
5.86
5.94
1.96
2.10
2.20
2.29
2.36
2.42
2.47
2.52
2.57
2.64
2.71
2.77
2.83
2.88
3.08
3.23
3.35
3.45
3.54
3.62
3.69
3.75
3.86
3.96
4.04
4.12
4.19
4.45
4.65
4.80
4.93
5.04
5.14
5.22
5.30
5.44
5.55
5.65
5.74
5.83
1.91
2.05
2.15
2.23
2.30
2.36
2.41
2.46
2.51
2.58
2.65
2.71
2.76
2.81
3.01
3.16
3.27
3.37
3.46
3.54
3.60
3.67
3.78
3.87
3.95
4.03
4.09
4.36
4.55
4.71
4.83
4.94
5.04
5.12
5.20
5.33
5.45
5.55
5.64
5.72
1.87
2.00
2.10
2.18
2.25
2.31
2.36
2.41
2.45
2.53
2.59
2.65
2.70
2.75
2.94
3.09
3.20
3.30
3.39
3.46
3.53
3.59
3.70
3.79
3.87
3.94
4.01
4.27
4.46
4.61
4.74
4.85
4.94
5.03
5.10
5.23
5.35
5.45
5.54
5.62
Page A.21.0
TABLE A.9B
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
97% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 18000 PSI TO 32000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
1.87
2.00
2.10
2.18
2.25
2.31
2.36
2.41
2.45
2.53
2.59
2.65
2.70
2.75
2.94
3.09
3.20
3.30
3.39
3.46
3.53
3.59
3.70
3.79
3.87
3.94
4.01
4.27
4.46
4.61
4.74
4.85
4.94
5.03
5.10
5.23
5.35
5.45
5.54
5.62
1.83
1.96
2.06
2.14
2.20
2.26
2.31
2.36
2.40
2.47
2.54
2.60
2.65
2.69
2.88
3.02
3.14
3.23
3.32
3.39
3.46
3.52
3.62
3.71
3.79
3.87
3.93
4.19
4.38
4.53
4.65
4.76
4.85
4.94
5.01
5.14
5.26
5.35
5.44
5.52
1.79
1.92
2.02
2.10
2.16
2.22
2.27
2.31
2.35
2.43
2.49
2.55
2.60
2.64
2.83
2.96
3.08
3.17
3.25
3.32
3.39
3.45
3.55
3.64
3.72
3.79
3.86
4.11
4.30
4.45
4.57
4.68
4.77
4.85
4.93
5.06
5.17
5.27
5.35
5.43
1.76
1.88
1.98
2.06
2.12
2.18
2.23
2.27
2.31
2.38
2.44
2.50
2.55
2.59
2.77
2.91
3.02
3.11
3.19
3.26
3.33
3.38
3.49
3.58
3.65
3.73
3.79
4.04
4.23
4.37
4.49
4.60
4.69
4.77
4.85
4.98
5.09
5.18
5.27
5.35
1.72
1.85
1.94
2.02
2.08
2.14
2.19
2.23
2.27
2.34
2.40
2.45
2.50
2.55
2.72
2.86
2.96
3.06
3.13
3.21
3.27
3.33
3.43
3.51
3.59
3.66
3.72
3.97
4.16
4.30
4.42
4.53
4.62
4.70
4.77
4.90
5.01
5.10
5.19
5.27
1.69
1.82
1.91
1.98
2.05
2.10
2.15
2.19
2.23
2.30
2.36
2.41
2.46
2.50
2.68
2.81
2.91
3.00
3.08
3.15
3.21
3.27
3.37
3.46
3.53
3.60
3.66
3.91
4.09
4.23
4.35
4.46
4.55
4.63
4.70
4.83
4.94
5.03
5.12
5.19
1.66
1.79
1.88
1.95
2.01
2.07
2.11
2.15
2.19
2.26
2.32
2.37
2.42
2.46
2.63
2.76
2.87
2.96
3.03
3.10
3.16
3.22
3.31
3.40
3.47
3.54
3.60
3.85
4.03
4.17
4.29
4.39
4.48
4.56
4.63
4.76
4.87
4.96
5.04
5.12
1.64
1.76
1.85
1.92
1.98
2.03
2.08
2.12
2.16
2.23
2.28
2.34
2.38
2.42
2.59
2.72
2.82
2.91
2.98
3.05
3.11
3.17
3.26
3.35
3.42
3.49
3.55
3.79
3.97
4.11
4.23
4.33
4.42
4.50
4.57
4.69
4.80
4.89
4.98
5.05
1.61
1.73
1.82
1.89
1.95
2.00
2.05
2.09
2.13
2.19
2.25
2.30
2.35
2.39
2.55
2.68
2.78
2.87
2.94
3.01
3.07
3.12
3.21
3.30
3.37
3.44
3.50
3.73
3.91
4.05
4.17
4.27
4.36
4.43
4.51
4.63
4.74
4.83
4.91
4.99
1.58
1.70
1.79
1.86
1.92
1.97
2.02
2.06
2.09
2.16
2.22
2.27
2.31
2.35
2.52
2.64
2.74
2.82
2.90
2.96
3.02
3.07
3.17
3.25
3.32
3.39
3.45
3.68
3.86
4.00
4.11
4.21
4.30
4.38
4.45
4.57
4.68
4.77
4.85
4.92
1.56
1.68
1.76
1.83
1.89
1.94
1.99
2.03
2.06
2.13
2.19
2.23
2.28
2.32
2.48
2.60
2.70
2.78
2.86
2.92
2.98
3.03
3.12
3.21
3.28
3.34
3.40
3.63
3.80
3.94
4.06
4.16
4.24
4.32
4.39
4.51
4.62
4.71
4.79
4.86
1.54
1.65
1.74
1.81
1.87
1.92
1.96
2.00
2.04
2.10
2.16
2.20
2.25
2.29
2.45
2.57
2.67
2.75
2.82
2.88
2.94
2.99
3.08
3.16
3.23
3.30
3.35
3.58
3.76
3.89
4.01
4.10
4.19
4.27
4.34
4.46
4.56
4.65
4.73
4.81
1.52
1.63
1.72
1.78
1.84
1.89
1.93
1.97
2.01
2.07
2.13
2.18
2.22
2.26
2.42
2.54
2.63
2.71
2.78
2.84
2.90
2.95
3.04
3.12
3.19
3.25
3.31
3.54
3.71
3.84
3.96
4.05
4.14
4.21
4.28
4.40
4.51
4.60
4.68
4.75
1.50
1.61
1.69
1.76
1.82
1.87
1.91
1.95
1.98
2.05
2.10
2.15
2.19
2.23
2.39
2.50
2.60
2.68
2.75
2.81
2.86
2.91
3.00
3.08
3.15
3.21
3.27
3.49
3.66
3.80
3.91
4.01
4.09
4.17
4.23
4.35
4.46
4.55
4.63
4.70
1.48
1.59
1.67
1.74
1.79
1.84
1.89
1.92
1.96
2.02
2.07
2.12
2.16
2.20
2.36
2.47
2.57
2.65
2.71
2.77
2.83
2.88
2.97
3.04
3.11
3.17
3.23
3.45
3.62
3.75
3.86
3.96
4.04
4.12
4.19
4.31
4.41
4.50
4.58
4.65
Page A.22.0
TABLE A.10A
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
99% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 4000 PSI TO 18000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
3.61
3.86
4.04
4.18
4.30
4.40
4.49
4.57
4.64
4.77
4.87
4.97
5.05
5.13
5.43
5.65
5.82
5.96
6.08
6.19
6.29
6.37
6.53
6.66
6.77
6.87
6.96
7.33
7.60
7.81
7.98
8.14
8.27
8.39
8.50
8.69
8.85
8.99
9.12
9.24
3.32
3.55
3.72
3.85
3.96
4.06
4.15
4.22
4.29
4.41
4.52
4.61
4.69
4.76
5.05
5.26
5.42
5.56
5.68
5.78
5.87
5.96
6.10
6.23
6.33
6.43
6.52
6.87
7.12
7.32
7.49
7.63
7.76
7.87
7.98
8.16
8.31
8.45
8.57
8.68
3.09
3.31
3.47
3.60
3.71
3.80
3.88
3.95
4.02
4.14
4.24
4.32
4.40
4.47
4.75
4.95
5.11
5.24
5.36
5.46
5.55
5.63
5.77
5.89
5.99
6.09
6.17
6.51
6.75
6.94
7.10
7.24
7.37
7.47
7.57
7.74
7.89
8.02
8.14
8.24
2.92
3.12
3.27
3.39
3.50
3.59
3.66
3.73
3.80
3.91
4.01
4.09
4.17
4.24
4.50
4.70
4.86
4.99
5.10
5.19
5.28
5.36
5.49
5.61
5.71
5.80
5.89
6.21
6.45
6.63
6.79
6.92
7.04
7.15
7.24
7.41
7.55
7.68
7.79
7.89
2.77
2.96
3.11
3.22
3.32
3.41
3.48
3.55
3.61
3.72
3.81
3.90
3.97
4.04
4.30
4.49
4.64
4.77
4.88
4.97
5.05
5.13
5.26
5.38
5.48
5.57
5.65
5.96
6.19
6.37
6.53
6.66
6.77
6.87
6.97
7.13
7.27
7.39
7.50
7.60
2.65
2.83
2.97
3.08
3.18
3.26
3.33
3.40
3.45
3.56
3.65
3.73
3.80
3.87
4.12
4.31
4.46
4.58
4.69
4.78
4.86
4.93
5.07
5.18
5.27
5.36
5.44
5.75
5.97
6.15
6.30
6.43
6.54
6.64
6.73
6.89
7.02
7.14
7.25
7.34
2.54
2.72
2.85
2.96
3.05
3.13
3.20
3.26
3.32
3.42
3.51
3.58
3.65
3.72
3.97
4.15
4.29
4.41
4.52
4.61
4.69
4.76
4.89
5.00
5.10
5.18
5.26
5.56
5.78
5.96
6.10
6.23
6.34
6.43
6.52
6.68
6.81
6.92
7.03
7.12
2.45
2.62
2.75
2.85
2.94
3.02
3.08
3.14
3.20
3.30
3.38
3.46
3.52
3.59
3.83
4.01
4.15
4.27
4.37
4.46
4.54
4.61
4.74
4.84
4.94
5.02
5.10
5.40
5.61
5.78
5.93
6.05
6.16
6.25
6.34
6.49
6.62
6.73
6.83
6.93
2.37
2.53
2.66
2.76
2.84
2.92
2.98
3.04
3.09
3.19
3.27
3.34
3.41
3.47
3.71
3.88
4.02
4.14
4.24
4.32
4.40
4.47
4.60
4.70
4.80
4.88
4.95
5.25
5.46
5.63
5.77
5.89
5.99
6.09
6.17
6.32
6.45
6.56
6.66
6.75
2.30
2.46
2.58
2.67
2.76
2.83
2.89
2.95
3.00
3.09
3.17
3.24
3.31
3.37
3.60
3.77
3.90
4.02
4.12
4.20
4.28
4.35
4.47
4.58
4.67
4.75
4.82
5.11
5.32
5.49
5.63
5.74
5.85
5.94
6.02
6.17
6.30
6.41
6.50
6.59
2.23
2.39
2.50
2.60
2.68
2.75
2.81
2.87
2.92
3.01
3.08
3.15
3.21
3.27
3.50
3.66
3.80
3.91
4.01
4.09
4.17
4.24
4.36
4.46
4.55
4.63
4.70
4.99
5.19
5.36
5.50
5.61
5.71
5.81
5.89
6.03
6.16
6.26
6.36
6.45
2.17
2.32
2.44
2.53
2.61
2.68
2.74
2.79
2.84
2.93
3.00
3.07
3.13
3.19
3.41
3.57
3.70
3.81
3.91
3.99
4.07
4.13
4.25
4.35
4.44
4.52
4.59
4.87
5.08
5.24
5.38
5.49
5.59
5.68
5.76
5.91
6.03
6.13
6.23
6.32
2.12
2.27
2.38
2.47
2.54
2.61
2.67
2.72
2.77
2.86
2.93
3.00
3.05
3.11
3.32
3.48
3.61
3.72
3.81
3.90
3.97
4.04
4.15
4.25
4.34
4.42
4.49
4.77
4.97
5.13
5.26
5.38
5.48
5.57
5.65
5.79
5.91
6.01
6.11
6.19
2.07
2.21
2.32
2.41
2.49
2.55
2.61
2.66
2.71
2.79
2.86
2.93
2.98
3.04
3.25
3.40
3.53
3.64
3.73
3.81
3.88
3.95
4.06
4.16
4.25
4.33
4.40
4.67
4.87
5.03
5.16
5.27
5.37
5.46
5.54
5.68
5.80
5.90
6.00
6.08
2.02
2.17
2.27
2.36
2.43
2.49
2.55
2.60
2.65
2.73
2.80
2.86
2.92
2.97
3.18
3.33
3.46
3.56
3.65
3.73
3.80
3.87
3.98
4.08
4.16
4.24
4.31
4.58
4.78
4.94
5.07
5.18
5.28
5.36
5.44
5.58
5.70
5.80
5.89
5.97
Page A.23.0
TABLE A.10B
REQUIRED STRUCTURAL NUMBER (SNR)
99% RELIABILITY (%R)
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR) RANGE 18000 PSI TO 32000 PSI
RESILIENT MODULUS (MR), (PSI x 1000)
ESALD
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
500
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
2.02
2.17
2.27
2.36
2.43
2.49
2.55
2.60
2.65
2.73
2.80
2.86
2.92
2.97
3.18
3.33
3.46
3.56
3.65
3.73
3.80
3.87
3.98
4.08
4.16
4.24
4.31
4.58
4.78
4.94
5.07
5.18
5.28
5.36
5.44
5.58
5.70
5.80
5.89
5.97
1.98
2.12
2.23
2.31
2.38
2.44
2.50
2.55
2.59
2.67
2.74
2.80
2.86
2.91
3.11
3.26
3.39
3.49
3.58
3.66
3.73
3.79
3.90
4.00
4.08
4.16
4.23
4.50
4.69
4.85
4.98
5.09
5.18
5.27
5.35
5.48
5.60
5.70
5.79
5.88
1.94
2.08
2.18
2.26
2.33
2.40
2.45
2.50
2.54
2.62
2.69
2.75
2.80
2.85
3.05
3.20
3.32
3.42
3.51
3.59
3.65
3.72
3.83
3.92
4.01
4.08
4.15
4.42
4.61
4.76
4.89
5.00
5.10
5.18
5.26
5.39
5.51
5.61
5.70
5.78
1.90
2.04
2.14
2.22
2.29
2.35
2.40
2.45
2.49
2.57
2.64
2.70
2.75
2.80
2.99
3.14
3.26
3.36
3.44
3.52
3.59
3.65
3.76
3.85
3.94
4.01
4.08
4.34
4.53
4.69
4.81
4.92
5.02
5.10
5.18
5.31
5.43
5.53
5.61
5.70
1.87
2.00
2.10
2.18
2.25
2.31
2.36
2.41
2.45
2.53
2.59
2.65
2.70
2.75
2.94
3.08
3.20
3.30
3.38
3.46
3.53
3.59
3.69
3.79
3.87
3.94
4.01
4.27
4.46
4.61
4.74
4.84
4.94
5.02
5.10
5.23
5.34
5.44
5.53
5.61
1.83
1.97
2.07
2.14
2.21
2.27
2.32
2.37
2.41
2.48
2.55
2.60
2.66
2.70
2.89
3.03
3.15
3.24
3.33
3.40
3.47
3.53
3.63
3.72
3.81
3.88
3.94
4.20
4.39
4.54
4.67
4.77
4.87
4.95
5.02
5.16
5.27
5.37
5.46
5.53
1.80
1.93
2.03
2.11
2.17
2.23
2.28
2.33
2.37
2.44
2.51
2.56
2.61
2.66
2.84
2.98
3.10
3.19
3.27
3.35
3.41
3.47
3.58
3.67
3.75
3.82
3.88
4.14
4.33
4.47
4.60
4.70
4.80
4.88
4.95
5.08
5.20
5.29
5.38
5.46
1.77
1.90
2.00
2.08
2.14
2.20
2.25
2.29
2.33
2.40
2.47
2.52
2.57
2.62
2.80
2.94
3.05
3.14
3.22
3.29
3.36
3.42
3.52
3.61
3.69
3.76
3.82
4.08
4.26
4.41
4.53
4.64
4.73
4.81
4.89
5.02
5.13
5.22
5.31
5.39
1.75
1.87
1.97
2.04
2.11
2.16
2.21
2.26
2.30
2.37
2.43
2.48
2.53
2.58
2.76
2.89
3.00
3.09
3.17
3.24
3.31
3.37
3.47
3.56
3.63
3.70
3.77
4.02
4.20
4.35
4.47
4.58
4.67
4.75
4.82
4.95
5.06
5.16
5.24
5.32
1.72
1.85
1.94
2.01
2.08
2.13
2.18
2.22
2.26
2.33
2.39
2.45
2.50
2.54
2.72
2.85
2.96
3.05
3.13
3.20
3.26
3.32
3.42
3.51
3.58
3.65
3.72
3.96
4.15
4.29
4.41
4.52
4.61
4.69
4.76
4.89
5.00
5.09
5.18
5.26
1.69
1.82
1.91
1.99
2.05
2.10
2.15
2.19
2.23
2.30
2.36
2.41
2.46
2.51
2.68
2.81
2.92
3.01
3.08
3.15
3.22
3.27
3.37
3.46
3.53
3.60
3.67
3.91
4.09
4.24
4.36
4.46
4.55
4.63
4.70
4.83
4.94
5.03
5.12
5.20
1.67
1.79
1.88
1.96
2.02
2.07
2.12
2.16
2.20
2.27
2.33
2.38
2.43
2.47
2.64
2.77
2.88
2.97
3.04
3.11
3.17
3.23
3.33
3.41
3.49
3.56
3.62
3.86
4.04
4.18
4.30
4.41
4.50
4.58
4.65
4.77
4.88
4.98
5.06
5.14
1.65
1.77
1.86
1.93
1.99
2.05
2.09
2.13
2.17
2.24
2.30
2.35
2.40
2.44
2.61
2.74
2.84
2.93
3.00
3.07
3.13
3.19
3.28
3.37
3.44
3.51
3.57
3.81
3.99
4.13
4.25
4.35
4.44
4.52
4.59
4.72
4.83
4.92
5.00
5.08
1.62
1.75
1.83
1.91
1.97
2.02
2.07
2.11
2.14
2.21
2.27
2.32
2.37
2.41
2.58
2.70
2.80
2.89
2.97
3.03
3.09
3.15
3.24
3.33
3.40
3.47
3.53
3.77
3.94
4.08
4.20
4.30
4.39
4.47
4.54
4.67
4.77
4.87
4.95
5.02
1.60
1.72
1.81
1.88
1.94
1.99
2.04
2.08
2.12
2.18
2.24
2.29
2.34
2.38
2.55
2.67
2.77
2.86
2.93
3.00
3.05
3.11
3.20
3.29
3.36
3.43
3.48
3.72
3.90
4.04
4.15
4.25
4.34
4.42
4.49
4.62
4.72
4.81
4.90
4.97
Page A.24.0
APPENDIX B
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT DESIGN QUALITY CONTROL PLAN
Page B.1.0
Page B.2.0
B.1
RESPONSIBILITY
Page
B.4.1
Of
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS
Page B.4.0
Page
Of
DISTRIBUTION
Page B.5.0
Page
Of
REVISIONS
Page B.6.0
Page
B.4.4
Of
DOCUMENTATION
Page
Of
Page B.8.0
Page
Of
. . . . . . .
Page B.9.0
Page
Of
Date
Page B.10.0
Page
Of
Date Prep.
FP ID #
US #
State Proj. #
From
FAP #
To
County
Begin MP
Project Length
End MP
Type Of Work
%R
Opening Year
MR
Design Year
Design Speed
ESALD
Design Seq. #
SNR
Proj. Name
SR #
Existing Pavement
Proposed Design
Approved By
Res. Engineer
Date
Concurrence By
Dist. Des. Engineer
Date
Page B.11.0
Concurrence By
FHWA (If Needed)
Date
Page B.12.0
APPENDIX C
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT DESIGN ANALYSIS COMPUTER PROGRAM
Page C.1.0
Page C.2.0
Page C.3.0
APPENDIX D
Page D.1.0
Page D.2.0
D.1
BACKGROUND
Page D.3.0
TABLE D.1
RELATIONSHIP OF AXLE WEIGHT TO DAMAGE
SN=5
Total Axle Load
in KIP
Single Axle
Tandem Axle
Equivalent Damage
in ESAL's
14
0.36
18
1.00
22
2.18
30
0.66
34
1.09
38
1.70
44
3.00
Page D.4.0
D.2
BASIC EQUATION
ESALD =
y = 1
where:
ESALD = Number of accumulated 18-kip Equivalent Single
Axle Loads in the design lane for the design period.
y = The year that the calculation is made for.
When y=1, all the variables apply to year 1.
Most of the variables are constant except AADT
which may change from year to year. Others may
change when changes in the system occur. Such
changes include parallel roads, shopping centers,
truck terminals, etc.
x = The Design Year.
AADT = Average Annual Daily Traffic.
T24 = Percent Heavy Trucks during a 24 hour
period. Trucks with 6 tires or more are
considered in the calculations.
DF = Directional Distribution Factor. Use 1.0 if
one way traffic is counted or 0.5 for two way
traffic. This value is not to be confused with
the Directional Factor use for planning capacity
computations.
LF = Lane Factor converts directional trucks to
the design lane trucks. Lane factors can be
adjusted to account for unique features known to
the designer such as roadways with designated
truck lanes. LF values can be determined from
Table D.2.
E18 = Equivalency factor which is the damage
caused by one average heavy truck measured in 18
kip Equivalent Single Axle Loads. These factors
will be periodically updated based on Weigh-InMotion (WIM) data. E18values can be determined
from Table D.3.
Page D.5.0
TABLE D.2
LANE FACTORS (LF) FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF FACILITIES
Number of Lanes In One Direction
Total
AADT
Two Lanes
LF
Three Lanes
LF
4 000
8 000
12 000
0.94
0.88
0.85
0.82
0.76
0.72
16 000
20 000
30 000
0.82
0.81
0.77
0.70
0.68
0.65
40 000
50 000
60 000
0.75
0.73
0.72
0.63
0.61
0.59
70 000
80 000
100 000
0.70
0.69
0.67
0.58
0.57
0.55
120 000
0.66
0.53
140 000
0.52
160 000
0.51
200 000
0.49
The equation that best defines this Lane Factor (LF)
information is:
LF = (1.567 - 0.0826 x Ln(One Way AADT)
- 0.12368 x LV)
where:
LF = Proportion of all one directional trucks in
the design lane.
LV = 0 if the number of lanes in one direction is
2. LV = 1 if the number of lanes in one
direction is 3 or more.
Ln = Natural Logarithm.
Page D.6.0
Flexible
Pavement
Rigid
Pavement
Rural
1.05
1.60
Urban
0.90
1.27
Freeways
0.96
1.35
Urban
0.89
1.22
Page D.7.0
D.3
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
SAMPLE PROBLEM #1
Page D.8.0
FIND:
The ESALD for 20 years design period beginning in 2005.
SOLUTION:
Using the following equations:
ESALD =
y = 2005
y = 2013
ESALD =
y = 2005
ESALD =
y = 2014
y = 2025
ESALD =
y = 2014
Page D.9.0
Calculating:
Year
AADT
LF
Annual
ESAL*
2005
2006
2007
2008
12
12
13
13
000
500
000
500
0.85
0.84
0.84
0.84
198
204
212
221
800
700
800
000
2009
2010
2011
2012
14
14
15
15
000
500
000
500
0.84
0.83
0.83
0.83
229
234
242
250
200
600
700
800
2013
2014
2015
2016
16
34
36
38
000
000
000
000
0.82
0.76
0.76
0.75
255
335
355
370
2017
2018
2019
2020
40
42
44
46
000
000
000
000
0.75
0.75
0.74
0.74
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
48
50
52
54
56
000
000
000
000
000
0.73
0.73
0.73
0.72
0.72
Accumulated
ESAL
198
403
616
837
800
500
300
300
1
1
1
1
066
301
543
794
500
100
800
600
700
800
500
300
2
2
2
3
050
386
741
111
300
100
600
900
389
409
423
442
800
300
100
300
3
3
4
4
501
911
334
776
700
000
100
400
455
474
493
505
523
300
300
300
200
900
5
5
6
6
7
231
706
199
704
228
700
000
300
500
400
Page D.10.0
D.3.2
SAMPLE PROBLEM #2
ESALD =
y = 1990
y = 2003
Page D.11.0
ESALD =
y = 1990
Calculating:
Year
AADT
LF
Annual
ESAL*
Accumulated
ESAL
1990
1991
1992
1993
17
17
18
18
000
500
000
500
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.81
244
251
258
262
300
400
600
500
244
495
754
1 016
300
700
300
800
1994
1995
1996
1997
19
19
20
20
000
500
000
500
0.81
0.81
0.81
0.80
269
276
283
287
600
700
800
300
1
1
1
2
286
563
846
134
400
100
900
200
1998
1999
2000
2001
21
21
22
22
000
500
000
500
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.79
294
301
308
315
300
300
400
400
2
2
3
3
428
729
038
353
500
800
200
600
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
23
23
24
24
25
000
500
000
500
000
0.79
0.79
0.79
0.79
0.82
318
325
332
339
346
300
300
200
100
000
3
3
4
4
5
671
997
329
668
014
900
200
400
500
500
Page D.12.0
CONCLUSION:
Note that the 14 year (2003) accumulated value
is 3,997,200 ESALs (rounding ESALD = 4,000,000).
If the project was delayed one year, the new ESALD
would be:
4,329,400 244,300 = 4,085,100 ESALs
It is important to note that even though ESAL
information is needed for only a 14 year period,
additional ESAL information beyond that period is
sometimes needed for project delays or increased
design periods due to different rehabilitation
strategies (i.e. resurfacing verses milling and
resurfacing). This gives the designer flexibility in
design and programming of this project.
Page D.13.0