TH1: 0 0111 010

exp=7 E=0 x

= 1.010 * 20 = ((1*8 + 0*4 + 1*2 + 0*1)/8) * 1 = 10/8 * 1 = 10/8

TH2: 0 0111 001

exp=7 E=0 x

= 1.001 * 20 = ((1*8 + 0*4 + 0*2 + 1*1)/8) * 1 = 9/8 * 1 = 9/8

TH3: 0 0111 000

exp=7 E=0 x

= 1.000 * 20 = ((1*8 + 0*4 + 0*2 + 0*1)/8) * 1 = 8/8 * 1 = 8/8

TH4: 0 0110 111

exp=6 E=-1 x = 1.111 * 2-1 = ((1*8 + 1*4 + 1*2 + 1*1)/8) * 1/2 = 15/8 * 1/2 = 15/16

TH5: 0 0110 110

----TH6: 0 0110 000

exp=6 E=-1 x = 1.110 * 2-1 = ((1*8 + 1*4 + 1*2 + 0*1)/8) * 1/2 = 14/8 * 1/2 = 14/16

TH7: 0 0101 111

----TH8: 0 0101 000
----TH9: 0 0001 001

exp=5 E=-2 x = 1.111 * 2-2 = ((1*8 + 1*4 + 1*2 + 1*1)/8) * 1/4 = 15/8 * 1/4 = 15/32

TH10: 0 0001 000

exp=1 E=-6 x = 1.000 * 2-6 = ((1*8 + 0*4 + 0*2 + 0*1)/8) * 1/64 = 8/8 * 1/64 = 8/512

TH11: 0 0000 111

----TH12: 0 0000 001

exp=0 denor x = 0.111 * 2-6 = ((0*8 + 1*4 + 1*2 + 1*1)/8) * 1/64 = 7/8 * 1/64 = 7/512

exp=6 E=-1 x = 1.000 * 2-1 = ((1*8 + 0*4 + 0*2 + 0*1)/8) * 1/2 = 8/8 * 1/2 = 8/16

exp=5 E=-2 x = 1.000 * 2-2 = ((1*8 + 0*4 + 0*2 + 0*1)/8) * 1/4 = 8/8 * 1/4 = 8/32
exp=1 E=-6 x = 1.001 * 2-6 = ((1*8 + 0*4 + 0*2 + 1*1)/8) * 1/64 = 9/8 * 1/64 = 9/512

exp=0 denor x = 0.001 * 2-6 = ((0*8 + 0*4 + 0*2 + 1*1)/8) * 1/64 = 1/8 * 1/64 = 1/512

Trn y l mt s trng hp, c chia thnh cc nhm vi cc mu khc nhau ca ch TH:

{TH1,TH2,TH3} {TH4,TH5,TH6} {TH7,TH8} {TH9,TH10} {TH11,TH12}
Cc trng hp trong cng nhm c phn exp ging nhau.
Nhn vo TH1:
- Khi hai phn exp v fraction cng khc 0, ta c mt s normalized.
- V exp=7 nn E=exp-bias=7-7=0. E chnh l s m ca 2 c nhn thm vi gi tr ca phn fraction theo
cng thc x = (1.fraction) * 2E
- Phn fraction=010 tng ng vi gi tr 1.010 (c gch chn). Sau du chm, cc h s nhn tng ng ca
cc con s l 2-1, 2-2, 2-3. Trc du chm, h s nhn l 20. Vy nu cha k 2E thay v vit
1.010 = 1*20 + 0*2-1 + 1*2-2 + 0*2-3 ta c th vit
1.010 = (1*23 + 0*22 + 1*21 + 0*20) * 2-3 = (1*8 + 0*4 + 1*2 + 0*1)/8
- Vy kt qu l s thc x = 1.010 * 2E = 1.010 * 20 = (1*8 + 0*4 + 1*2 + 0*1)/8 * 1 = 10/8
Nhn vo TH2:
- TH2 khc TH1 ch phn fraction gim i 1 n v, t 010 xung cn 001. Theo cch tng t ta c kt qu
l x = 9/8. Khong cch so vi s trc l 1/8.
Nhn vo TH3:
- TH3 khc TH2 ch phn fraction gim i 1 n v, t 001 xung cn 000. Theo cch tng t ta c kt qu
l x = 8/8. Khong cch so vi s trc l 1/8.
Nhn vo TH4:
- So vi TH3, TH4 c exp gim 1 n v, cn fraction quay tr li maximum l 111. Theo cch tnh nh trn ta
c x = 15/16
Nhn vo TH5:

So vi TH4, exp gi nguyn nhng fraction gim 1. Theo cch tnh trn th x = 14/16. Khong cch so vi
TH4 l 1/16.

Nhn vo TH6:
- Khi fraction tip tc gim n 000, x gim dn vi bc nhy 1/16 v t gi tr x=8/16
Nhn vo TH7 v TH8:
- Vt qua ngng 0, fraction tr li 111 trong khi exp gim 1. Gi tr x gim dn vi bc nhy 1/32 v nhn
gi tr t 15/32 n 8/32
Nhn vo TH9 v TH10:
- Theo cch nh trn, khi fraction tip tc gim n 000, ri sau quay li 111 v exp gim 1, lp li cho n
khi exp = 0001. Khi , mi bc gim ca fraction, gi tr ca x gim vi bc nhy 1/512. n tn cng
khi fraction = 000, ta c x = 8/512
Nhn vo TH11 v TH12:
- Khi exp = 0000 v fraction <> 000 th s thuc dng denormalized. dng ny cch tnh hi c bit. Gi tr
ca phn fraction by gi l 0.fraction, ngha l ng trc du chm l s 0. Bc nhy khng cn gim
mt na nh trc m gi nguyn l 1/512.
- Khi fraction t n 001 th x = 1/512.
- Nu fraction cng bng 000 th ta c s zero.
Tm li, khi exp gim 1 n v th khong cch gia 2 s thc c th biu din c gim mt na (nh trn thy:
1/8 xung 1/16 xung 1/32 xung 1/512). Khi exp chm n ngng 0 th khong cch ny khng gim na.
Nu mnh xt theo chiu tng th cng tng t. Khi exp n ngng 1111 th x s l inf hoc NaN. (xem li slide)