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  • Chapter Four: A Tour of The Cell Book Notes

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    This document provides an overview of cell structures and their functions. It discusses that cells can be categorized as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells like bacteria are simple with no organelles, while eukaryotic cells have organelles contained within the cell membrane. The key organelles described are the nucleus which contains DNA, ribosomes which produce proteins, the endomembrane system including the ER, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes which manufacture and distribute cellular products, chloroplasts and mitochondria which perform photosynthesis and cellular respiration, and the cytoskeleton which maintains cell shape and enables movement.

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    This document provides an overview of cell structures and their functions. It discusses that cells can be categorized as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells like bacteria are simple with no organelles, while eukaryotic cells have organelles contained within the cell membrane. The key organelles described are the nucleus which contains DNA, ribosomes which produce proteins, the endomembrane system including the ER, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes which manufacture and distribute cellular products, chloroplasts and mitochondria which perform photosynthesis and cellular respiration, and the cytoskeleton which maintains cell shape and enables movement.

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    13 views3 pages

    Chapter Four: A Tour of The Cell Book Notes

    Uploaded by

    alsisson
    This document provides an overview of cell structures and their functions. It discusses that cells can be categorized as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells like bacteria are simple with no organelles, while eukaryotic cells have organelles contained within the cell membrane. The key organelles described are the nucleus which contains DNA, ribosomes which produce proteins, the endomembrane system including the ER, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes which manufacture and distribute cellular products, chloroplasts and mitochondria which perform photosynthesis and cellular respiration, and the cytoskeleton which maintains cell shape and enables movement.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Chapter Four: A Tour of the Cell Book Notes

    The Microscopic World of Cells Microscopes are windows Light and electron Scanning and transmission

    Cell theory: 1665

    2 Cell Categories Prokaryotic Bacteria and Archaea Simple: organelles Nucleus

    Eukaryotic Cytoplasm From nucleus to plasma membrane Plasma membrane Lipids and proteins Phospholipid bilayer (two tails)

    Nucleus and Ribosomes: DNA Control Nucleus structure and function Nuclear envelope has a double membrane

    Chromatin surrounds prot.

    Ribosomes Protein synthesis Made in the nucleus in eukaryotic cells Work in cytoplasm

    Endomembrane: Manufacturing and Distributing Cellular Products Endoplasmic rectilium Rough ER Secretes proteins

    Smooth ER No ribosomes Produces steroids Protects from drugs and poison

    Golgi apparatus Stores and ships cellular products

    Lysosomes Sac of digestive enzymes

    Vacuoles Central, food, and contractile vacuoles

    Chloroplast and Mitochondria Chloroplast Stroma, grana, chloroplast, and membrane

    Photosynthesis

    Mitochondria Matrix, cristae, mitochondrion, and membranes Cellular respiration

    Cytoskeleton: Shape and Movement Maintaining cell shape Microtubules

    Cilia and flagella Movement

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