Chng 5:

Mch Lc Siu Cao Tn

Mc tiu Kin thc nn
5.1 M u
5.2 Phng php tn hao
5.3 Php bin i trong thit k
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 2
Mc tiu
Nm c cc c tnh c bn ca cc loi mch lc SCT cng
nh qui trnh thit k, thi cng.
Bit vn dng nhng phng php thit k thc t v lm c s
khai thc thm cc phng php khc.
Kin thc nn
ng truyn sng
th Smith
Ma trn tn x [S], ma trn [ABCD] ca mng 2 ca
c tnh tn s ca cc loi mch lc: Low-pass, High-pass, Band-
pass, Band-reject, Butterworth, Chebyshev
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 3
5.1 M u
ng dng rng ri: Radar, thit b o lng, h thng
vin thng
Mch lc l mng 2 ca: [S], [ABCD], phn t tp trung/
phn b
Thit k: PP thng s nh, PP tn hao
Ch to: PT tp trung; PT phn b (ng truyn
dn); PT phn b kt hp Pt tp trung; cng ngh Vi
di
PP tn hao: thng thp, thng cao, thng di, chn di
Qui trnh thit k: Thng thp chun ha (theo tr
khng, tn s) b lc cn thit k
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 4
5.2 Phng php tn hao (Insertion Loss Method)
Thit k mch lc l s chn la gia:
gn p ng tn s
dc suy hao
dch pha tuyn tnh
PP tn hao: La chn p ng tn s trong gii hn
Butterworth: Tn hao nh, bin thin n iu
Chebyshev: dc suy hao ln
Lc pha tuyn tnh: khng mo pha tn hiu
Lc bc cao s dng PP tn hao (S bc = s phn t
L, C)
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 5
Cc c tnh c bn
T s tn hao cng sut
Tn hao IL (Insertion Loss)
H s phn x:
chnh l hm chn ca , nn:
Vy t s tn hao ca mch lc c dng l
a thc theo
2
:
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )

jX R R
jX R R
R Z
R Z
+ +
+

0
0
0
0
( )
2
1
1

LR
P
( )
LR dB
P IL log 10
] [

( )
2
( )
( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2
2

N M
M
+

( )
( )
2
2
1

N
M
P
LR
+
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 6
Mch lc p ng phng ti a (Maximally Flat)
Gi l mch lc a thc chn (binomial)
T s tn hao ca lc thng thp Butterworth c dng
Ti =
c
: P
LR
= 1+k
2
chn k=1 (IL = 3dB)
Ti >
c
: PLR tng n iu theo . Vi >>
c
N
c
LR
k P
2
2
1

,
_

N
c
LR
k P
2
2

,
_

Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 7

Mch lc p ng gn u (Equal ripple)
a thc Chebyshev T
N
(x) m t tn hao ca mch lc
thng thp bc N:
1+k
2
: gn trong di thng
T
N
(x) dao ng quanh 1 vi |x| 1
Vi x ln, >>
c
:

,
_

+
c
N LR
T k P

2 2
1
N
c
LR
k
P
2
2
2
4

,
_

( )
( )
2
2
N
N
x
x T
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 8
Maximally flat and equal-ripple low-pass filter responses
(N = 3 v k=1).
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 9
Qui trnh thit k mch lc
Thit k: Low-pass, High-pass, bandpass, bandstop
Mu mch lc Low-pass p ng phng ti a
Mu mch lc Low-pass p ng gn u
Php bin i mch lc: t low-pass sang loi mch lc
cn thit k
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 10
Mu mch lc low-pass p ng phng ti a
,mfk
4
1 +
LR
P
Low-pass filter prototype, N = 2.
( )
2 2 2
1
1
C R
RC j R
L j Z
in

+
1 1 0 R P
LR

( ) 0 2
2 2 2
+ L C LC L C
2 C L
R, L, C: gi tr
chun ha
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 11
Cc mu chun ha
Gi tr cc phn t g tng ng v bc N cho trong bng 5.1 (p109)
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 12
Attenuation versus normalized frequency for maximally flat filter prototypes.
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 13
Mu mch lc low-pass p ng gn u
Ti
c
= 1
c im ca a thc Chebyshev
Ti =0
( )
2 2
1
N LR
T k P +
( )

'

even N for 1
odd N for 0
0
N
T

'

even N for 1
odd N for 1
2
k
P
LR
even) N (for 1 2 2 1
2 2
k k k R + t +
( )
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2
4
1
4
4
1
4
LCR L R C
R
k
R C L
R
k
+

C L,
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 14
Php bin i mch lc
Php gii tr khng chun ha
L, R, C : gi tr chun ha
L, R, C: Gi tr thc t ca mch cn thit k
L L
s
R R R
R R
R
C
C
L R L
0
'
0
'
0
'
0
'

Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 15

Php gii tn s chun ha
Gi tr linh kin, (R khng i)
Gi tr linh kin khi p dng
ng thi 2 php gii chun
ha tr khng v tn s
( )

,
_

c
LR LR
P P

'
c
c
C
C
L
L

'
'
L L
S
c
c
R R R
R R
R
C
C
L R
L
0
'
0
'
0
'
0 '

Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 16

Chuyn i low-pass sang high-pass
Tn s: Thay = -
c
/
Linh kin:
Kt hp vi php gii tr khng
( )
,
_

'
' '

C
LR LR
P P
C
L
C L

1
'

C
C
L C

1
'

C
L R
C L

0
'
1

C
C
R
L C

0 '

Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 17
Bng chuyn i
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 18
Php bin i Richard
p dng thit k mch lc kh thi tn s siu cao
Bin i t phn t L, C tp trung sang phn b
(ng truyn sng)
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 19
ng dng Kuroda
p dng trn cc phn t c thng s phn b
Gii quyt cng ngh ch to:
Phn cch cc dy chm trong cng mch lc
Dy chm dng ni tip <==> dng song song
Tr khng c tnh khng kh thi ==> kh thi
Chng 5, TH385 - ThS. Nguyn Ha Duy Khang - 9/2006 20