PHAN 1: HNG DAN LAP RAP CAC LOAI MACH NAP VI X LY Van e 2: MACH NAP : AT89C51 - QUA CONG COM Van e 3: MACH NAP : AT89C2051 - QUA CONG COM Van e 4: MACH NAP: AT89C2051 QUA CONG MAY IN
PHAN 2: HNG DAN LAM BO MACH IN CHAT LNG CAO
Van e 6: HNG DAN THIET KE MACH IN TREN MAY TNH BANG PHAN MEM : Eagle 4.01 Van e 7: PHNG PHAP IN BAN VE LEN BO ONG
PHAN 3: HNG DAN S DUNG CAC PHAN MEM VI X LY
Van e 8: MOT SO PHAN MEM LAP TRNH / SOAN THAO ASSEMBLY Van e 9: PHAN MEM BIEN DCH RA FILE HEX : ASM / TASM Van e 10 : CAC PHAN MEM MO PHONG VI X LY Van e 11 : HNG DAN S DUNG Ezdl4.0 CHO CAC MACH NAP
PHAN 4: CAC MACH IEN VI X LY - LY THU- N GIAN CHO NGI MI BAT AU HOC LAP TRNH CUNG VI X LY Van e 12: HAY LAM MACH EN CHP VI 89C51 Van e 13: HAY LAM BO IEU KHIEN NHUNG N GIAN Van e 14: LAM COI HU VI HAI MC AM IEU KHAC NHAU Van e 15 : LAM ONG HO BAO GII IEN T- Lap trnh C
Van e 16 : LAM ONG HO BAO GII IEN T- Lap trnh bang ASM www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 2 - Van e 17 : GIAO TIEP 89C51 VI MA TRAN PHM 4X4 VA HIEN TH TREN LED 7 SEG
VAN E 18: GIAO TIEP ADC0809 LAM BO O IEN AP: 0 5V
LI KET.
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- 3 - Li noi au cho lan tai ban 2
Ben canh viec hoc ly thuyet trng , e cac ban co the hieu sau hn na ve vi x ly va kham pha cac ng dung , cac tnh nang cua no bang thc te , toi xin han hanh gii thieu vi cac ban quyen sach nay Hng dan lap rap cac mach nap Vi X Ly ngo hau se giup cac ban t lam cho rieng mnh mot mach nap , e nap chng trnh ma ban a viet vao cho con vi x ly e ban co the biet c chng trnh ma ban a viet ay - thc te no se hoat ong nh the nao- o chnh la muc ch ma toi a viet quyen sach nay cho cac ban. ay la lan tai ban th 2 co nhieu sa cha va bo sung them nhieu ng dung 89c51 kha ly thu va hu ch cho anh em trong cac ky lam o an va Luan van . Cac ban co the tm thay ay cac loai mach nap cho vi x ly ( ung ra phai goi la vi ieu khien ) rat n gian , de lap rap , linh kien de tm kiem , cho nen xac suat thanh cong rat cao nen ai ai cung co the t lam lay cho rieng mnh mot mach nap e phuc vu cho viec hoc , nghien cu va nhat la e lam cac o an , luan van lien quan en vi x ly ! Ngoai ra toi con bo sung them phan hng dan lam bo mach in chat lng rat cao e cac ban t lam nha , tiet kiem rat nhieu chi ph rat thch hp cho sinh vien nhng chat lng nh a noi la rat cao . ong thi toi cung co hng dan cho ban cah s dung cac phan mem ve vi x ly phuc vu cho viec lap trnh e ban khong phai mat nhieu thi gian tm kiem-va s dung cac phan mem nay ! Sau cung la cac v du cu the se giup ban bc au lam quen cung vi x ly , cac ng dung nay danh rieng cho ngi mi bat au hoc lap trinh vi x ly va cac v du nang cao c bo sung cho cac ban a tng lam viec vi 8051 ! Neu cac ban nao a thanh thao roi th xin hay oc quyen 2 Hng dan giao tiep vi x ly vi may tnh ay ban se biet cach giao tiep qua lai gia chung . ong thi toi cung co nhieu v du thiet thc nh May o nhiet o bang Led , may o nhiet o giao tiep may tnh , bang en ch chay n gian , bang en ch chay giao tiep may tnh , o ien ap qua may tnh va mot so mach ien ng dung vi x ly khac se lam cho ban cam thay thch thu hn khi hoc ve vi x ly Cuoi cung toi xin chan thanh cam n cac ban ang hoc cung toi a ong vien kch le tinh than , cung co li tri n sau sac en cac thay trong trng a giup cho toi rat nhieu e quyen sach nay hoan thanh . Du a co nhieu co gang thc em, day sm song viec thieu xot se la ieu khong the tranh khoi , cho nen s gop y t pha cac ban oc gia cung nh nhng li gop y cua quy thay co se la niem vinh hanh cho toi , toi xin lang nghe , sa cha e lan sau co dp th quyen sach nay se hoan thien hn , ngo hau se giup ch cho cac ban trong viec hoc tap cung viec nghien cu at c nhieu li lac ! Nhan ay toi xin han hanh mi ban on oc tap 2: Hng dan giao tiep vi x ly vi may tnh bang Visual Basic ma toi sap viet xong ! Mot lan na toi xin cam n cac ban a oc quyen sach nay ! Le Duy Phi
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- 4 - Van e 1:
KHAI LC VE AT89C51 & AT89C2051
I . MO TA CAU TRUC PHAN CNG CUA VI IEU KHIEN 8951. 1/ Gii thieu ho MCS51: MCS51 la mot ho IC vi ieu khien (Microcontroller ) do hang Intel san xuat. Cac IC tieu bieu cho ho MCS51 la 8051 va 8031. ac biet, vi ieu khien 8951 c san xuat gan ay mang cac ac iem sau: 4 Kbytes EEPROM. 128 bytes RAM. 4 ports I/O (Input/Output). 2 bo nh thi (timer) 16 bits. Giao tiep noi tiep. 64 Kbytes khong gian bo nh chng trnh m rong. 64 Kbytes khong gian bo nh d lieu m rong. Mot bo x l luan l (thao tac tren cac bit n). 210 bits c a ch hoa. Bo nhan chia 4 s.
Tc khi i vao lap rap bo mach , toi xin cac ban danh t thi gian xem qua s o chan va mot so cac ac iem cung nh mot so cac at tnh cua oi tng ma ta se lam viec rat nhieu vi no o la con vi ieu khien AT89C51 va AT89C2051. www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 5 - 2. HE THONG GIAO TIEP PORT: a/ Port 0:Port 0 la mot port hai chc nang tren cac chan 32 39. Hay nh rang : Tren cac chan nay cha co ien tr keo dng , do o khi can chung ta phai nh en ac iem nay. b/ Port 1: Port 1 la mot port I/O tren cac chan 1 8. c/ Port 2: Port 2 la mot port cong dung kep tren cac chan 21 28 . d/ Port 3: Port 3 la mot port cong dung kep tren cac chan 10 17. Cac chan cua port nay co nhieu chc nang, cac cong dung chuyen oi co lien he vi cac ac tnh ac biet cua 8951 nh bang sau: Bit Ten Chc nang chuyen oi P3.0 P3.1 P3.2 P3.3 P3.4 P3.5 P3.6 P3.7 RXD TXD INT0\ INT1\ T0 T1 WR\ RD\ D lieu nhan cho port noi tiep D lieu phat cho port noi tiep Ngat 0 ben ngoai Ngat 1 ben ngoai Ngo vao cua Timer/counter 0 Ngo vao cua Timer/counter 1 Xung ghi bo nh d lieu ngoai Xung oc bo nh d lieu ngoai 3 - CAC TN HIEU IEU KHIEN: Chip AT8951 co cac tn hieu ieu khien can phai lu y sau: A- Chan EA\ (External Access): Tn hieu vao EA\ tren chan 31 thng c mac len mc cao (+5v) hoac mc thap (GND). Neu mc cao, 8951 thi hanh chng trnh t ROM noi trong khoang a ch thap (4K hoac toi a 8k oi vi AT89C52). Neu mc thap, chng trnh c thi hanh t bo nh ngoai m rong (Toi a en 64K ). Ngoai ra Ngi ta con dung EA\ lam chan cap ien ap 12V khi lap trnh cho EEPROM trong 8051. B- CHAN PSEN\ (PROGRAM STORE ENABLE): PSEN\ la tn hieu ra tren chan 29. No la tn hieu ieu khien cho phep bo nh chng trnh m rong, PSEN\ thng c noi en chan OE (Output Enable) cua mot EPROM hoac ROM e cho phep oc cac byte ma lenh. Hay nh rang :Bnh thng chan PSEN\ se c tha trong (No Connect). Ch khi nao chan EA\ mc thap th luc o: PSEN\ se mc thap trong thi gian lay lenh. Cac ma nh phan cua chng trnh c oc t EPROM qua bus d lieu va c chot vao thanh ghi lenh cua 8951 e giai ma lenh. PSEN\ se mc thu ong (mc cao) neu thi hanh chng trnh trong ROM noi (8951) C- CAC CHAN NGUON: AT8951 hoat ong vi nguon n +5V. Vcc c noi vao chan 40 va Vss (GND) c noi vao chan 20. www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 6 - II. MO TA CAU TRUC PHAN CNG CUA VI IEU KHIEN AT89C2051.
AT89C2051 la mot vi ieu khien thu gon ch co 20 chan , vi ay u cac tnh nang cnh AT89C51 .Duy ch khac mot iem can lu y o la Flash ROM cua no ch co 2K ma thoi va mot vai Port khong c ho tr u , do o tuy theo muc ch mata se can en no. Hnh : S o chan AT89C2051 MOT SO CAC AC TNH CUA AT89C2051 LA: ~ 2 Kbytes of Flash ( Co nap vao hoac xoa i 1000 lan) ~ 128 bytes of RAM ~ 15 I/O lines ( 15 ng xuat/ nhap) ~ two16-bit timer/counters ( hai bo nh th/ em 16 bt) ~ five vector, two-level interrupt architecture (co 5 vect ngat-2 mc ) ~ full duplex serial port ( co cong noi tiep) ~ precision analog comparator ~ on chip oscillator and clock circuitry ( co mach dao ong va tao xung ben trong chip) Hay nh rang: Mc ien ap hoat ong thap (2,7V 6V , chung ta thng dung no 5V) Tan so dao ong thach anh toi a 24Mhz ( thng ta dung 11.0592Mhz e han che loi en mc nho nhat trong qua trnh no lam viec)
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- 7 - Van e 2: I- OI LI GII THIEU : Neu ban muon va hoc Vi X Ly ong thi cung muon kham pha no qua cac ng dung cu the , qua cac d an thc te e phat trien 89C51, 89c52vi ngon ng lap trnh Asemmbly th Mach Nap AT89C51 chnh la cau tra li . No rat re va moi ngi eu co the t lam c cho rieng mnh mot nap . Mach nap nay khong nhng ch nap c cho AT89c51(4k) ma con nap c cho ca 89c52(8k) va 89c55( 20k ) . Sau khi ban lap trnh vi Asemmbly hoac C xong ,roi ban hay dch no ra file HEX ( neu ban cha biet cach dch th ban hay xem muc hng dan cac phan mem Vi X Ly ang sau) sau o ban hay nap no vao cho con Chip bang cach dung Mach Nap AT89C51. II- PHAN CNG : S O VA BO MACH IN 1 ). HNH ANH MACH NAP HOAN CHNH :
Hnh 1 MACH NAP : AT89C51 - QUA CONG COM Hay lam rieng cho ban mot nap chng trnh- e nap file HEX cho cac vi ieu khien 89C51 , 89C52 , 89C53 va 89C55 . ay co san bo mach in , s o va ca phan mem cung hng dan het sc de dang e lam va s dung no . www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 8 - 2) S O MACH NAP AT89C51 : Hnh 2: ay chnh la s o cua Mach Nap AT89C51 . TREN S O BAN HAY LU Y HAI IEM SAU : K hieu IC ghi 89C51 EZ52.HEX goi la con Chip chnh ( ChipMaster) K hieu IC ghi 40 -PIN ZIF 89c51/ 89c52/ 89c55 ay la Socket hay la chan e cam IC ( con goi la e cam IC 40 Chan) , hay goi la con chip phu ( Chip Slave)
ay la hnh dang that cua Socket ( e e gan IC vao) tuy nhien ay la cai Soket 20 chan thoi ,con loai 40 cung giong y het nh vay nhng no dai va to hn thoi. Hay nh rang : au tien ban can phai nap file EZ52.HEX vao cho con ChipMaster . Nhng kho noi la lay au ra mach nap e nap file EZ52.Hex nay cho con Chip Master ?? Ban ng lo , ban co the mua con Chip Master a nap san nay tai quay photo B1 tai trng ai hoc Bach Khoa , hoac ban cung co the mua a mem 1,4Mb toi co chep san file EZ52.HEX www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 9 - trong o luon roi , ban co the em ra cac tiem ien ch ien T Nhat Tao , o ho co san may nap ho se nap cho ban .vi gia cho moi lan nap la 2.000 Va toi cung xin noi them la con Chip Master cung la mot con AT89C51. Con cai Socket la ni e ban at con Chip 89C51 Slave - ma ban can nap bat ky file .HEX nao o vao cho no . 3) NGUON IEN CAP CHO MACH NAP: Hay lu y :Tai chan Vpp cua Mach nap co hai mc ien ap khac nhau la 5V va 12V c ieu khien bi chan P3.3 (chnh la au ra cua LM317).Bnh thng th au ra cua LM317 ch co 5V thoi, nhng khi bat au nap chng trnh th au ra cua no len ti 12V. Toi a lap rap , kiem tra va s dung mach nay rat nhieu nhng cha he thay s co nao qua nghiemtrong ca. 4) BO MACH IN Hien nay tren ch ien T Nhat Tao ban rat nhieu loai Bo mach nap nay , va hien a tr nen qua quen thuoc , quen thuoc en noi ban ch can noi ban cho ban Mach in cua mach nap Vi X Ly th ngi se a cho ban ngay mot ban mach nh sau vi gia ch co 10.000 ma thoi :
Hnh 3 ay la mot loai mach nap ang pho bien , rat c nhieu ngi s dung va ang thnh hanh tren Ch Nhat Tao . Hnh nay la Mach In Hng Dan Lap Rap Linh Kien len ban mach ong. Va toi cung a chep luon file cha cac mach in hnh2 trong a mem vi dung lng 36,4kb e ban co the xem qua e co the t lam lay bo mach cho mnh. www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 10 - Va sau ay la bo mach ong cua no , ban co the cat hnh sau e t lam cho mnh mot mach ong rat ep , giong y nh the theo s hng dan phan 2 cua quyen sach nay. Va ay la nhng g ma ban co the thay sau khi ban a lap rap hoan chnh
ay la Mach ong cua mach nap vi x ly ang thnh hanh tren ch Nhat Tao hien nay .Gia mot mach ch co 10.000 (Ban co the cat hnh nay ra e lam mach ong hoac mua rieng quay Photo B1 / dh.BK) www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 11 - Hay nh rang : MAX 232 co the c thay the bang 2 con transistor het sc n giian . Khi o bo mach cua ban se nho gon hn, ong thi ban cung co the tiet kiem mot khoang tien rat ang ke . S o thay the nh sau:
Mot kieu khac:
Asghar Charmin An o a cai tien lai ch dung mot Transistor nhng toi cha th , neu c cac ban hay rap th roi cho toi xin li ap nhe!
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- 12 - Hay nh rang : MAX 232 16 chan con co the c thay the bang con chip DS257 het sc n giian ch co 8 chan thoi . Khi o bo mach in cua ban se nho gon hn . S o thay the nh sau:
IV- PHAN MEM CHO MACH NAP AT89C51 Mach nap AT89C51 nay giao tiep vi may tnh thong qua phan mem EZ4.0. Hien thi ay la phan mem mi nhat va hoan toan mien ph chay tren nen Windows rat ep va rat de dang s dung . Giao dien cuano nh sau:
Neu ban cha ro cach dung no th xin ban hay xem phan 3 Hng dan s dung mot so phan mem Vi X Ly th se ro . www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 13 - V- MOT SO LU Y VE CAC LINH KIEN CAN DUNG:
1- CACH XAC NH CAC CHAN IEN AP VAO RA CUA 7805 Output (O):= Chan ien ap ra 5V Command(C):= Chan nay han xuong Mass ( GND) Input (I):= ien ap vao 9V 12V Hay nh rang: Chan Command rat quan trong , chung ta can han no xuong mass(GND) mot cach het sc chac chan neu nh chan nay han khong kheo co lam cho ien ap ngo ra tang vot len rat cao gan bang ien ap ngo vao (9-12V) se lam hong cac chip .
2- CACH XAC NH CHAN B-C-E CUA TRANSISTOR Lu y : Cac Transistor BC239-c thay bang C1815 Va Transistor BC328 c thay bang A1015 Sau ay la cah xac nh chan B_C_E cho transistor A1015 va C1815
3- CAH XAC NH CHAN CUA IC Hay nh rang : Hau het tren cac IC eu co mot dau cham mot goc IC hay mot vat ban nguyet tren mot canh cua IC , va quy tac em so th t chan cua IC luon theo chieu ngc vi kim ong ho . Chan so 1 cua IC chnh la chan au tien nam tren canh ben trai cua dau Cham hay Vat ban nguyet.Vi quy c la vat ban nguyet hay dau cham phai c at ben tay trai!.
Hnh dang thc te K hieu cua C 1815/ A 1015 S O CHAN CUA MAX232 www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 14 - 4- CACH OC GIA TR IEN TR CACH TM GIA TR IEN TR THONG QUA CAC VACH MAU e tnh toan gia tr cua ien tr thong qua cac ma vach mau (color coded stripes) tren ien tr , thng theo cac bc sau: Bc 1 : at con ien tr sao cho Vach mau Vang kim hay nhu bac cua ien tr -phai goc ben pha tay phai cua ban. Bc 2 : Ban hay nhn ky 2 vach mau au tien pha ben trai (the first two stripes on the left end). Tiep theo ban hay chuyen oi cac mau ma ban oc c ra thanh so theo bang chuyen oi cho san di ay. Bc 3 : Xong , ban hay nhn tiep vach th 3 . Vach nay chnh la he so nhan . Ban hay chuyen oi vach mau th 3 nay ra gia tr theo bang cho san pha sau. Bc 4 : en ay ban ch viec lay 2 con so bc 2 nhan vi con so bc 3 la ban a tm c gia tr cua ien tr . Gia tr cua ien tr ma ban va tm se mang n v la ohms Vach mau nhu kim hay nhu bac ( tc la vach th 4 tnh t trai sang ) se cho chung ta biet sai so cua noso vi gia tr ghi tren ien tr o.Theo toi th chung ta khong nen phai ban tam oi vi eu nay, co ngha la chung ta khong can biet no trong khi thc hanh.
Hay nh rang: oi vi ien tr chung ta can het sc lu y en mot thong so vo cung quan trong o la cong suat chu ng cua no. Thong thng cong suat ien tr ban th trng se co cac mc sau :1/4 Watt , 0.5 Watt , 1W , 5W , 10W.. Nhng thong dung nhatvan la ien tr 1/4 Watt- cho nen khi ban ra tiem mua phai noi ro ien tr can mua la bao nhieu Watt- the mi la dan ien chuyen nghiep !.Gia hien thi 100 con khoang 2.500 VN BANG MA MAU IEN TR . (Vi vach nhu kim hay bac nam ben phai) Mau Vach 1 Vach 2 Vach 3 Vach 4 en 0 0 x1 Nau 1 1 x10 o 2 2 x100 Cam 3 3 x1,000 Vang 4 4 x10,000 Luc (Green) 5 5 x100,000 Lam (Blue) 6 6 x1,000,000 Tm 7 7 Xam 8 8 Trang 9 9 Nhu Kim 5% Bac 10%
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- 15 - V du: Cho mot ien tr co cac vach mau tnh t trai qua nh sau : Xanh da tri( lam-blue) ,Xam , o, Nhu vang .Hay tmgia tr ien tr cua no. Bc 1.: Vach mau nhu vang phai c at ben phai , roi en Bc2 Bc 2: Vach au tien la mau xanh da tri( blue) tra bang th thay no tng ng vi so 6. Vach th 2 la mau xam va cung lam tng t ta co c so 8. Nh vay 2 con so au tien cua ien tr co gia tr la 68. Bc3: Vach th 3 la mau o -co ngha la x 100. Bc4: Gia tr cua ien tr tm c se la : 68 x 100 = 6800 ohms (6800 ohms = 6.8 kohms). Vach mau nhu ong co ngha la gia tr chnh xac cua ien tr se sai khac 5% so vi thc te . Gia tr cua no co the se se nam gia 6,460 Kohms and 7,140 Kohms. (Do sai so 5% cua 6,800 = 0.05 x 6,800 = 340) 5) S O CHAN CUA CONG COM DB9:
(9p D-SUB male at PC (DTE)) Hay nh rang : Cong com gan tren may tnh la cong c( male ) e nhan dang cong COM c , ban ch can nhn vao th ban se thay co cac chau ben trong (9p D-SUB female at cable / mouse (DCE)) Hay nh rang : Cong ma ta can dung e lap rap mach nap la cong COM nay , no la cong cai . e nhan ra cong COM cai , ban ch can nhn vao th se thay ch toan la cac lo. Can lu y : Rat nhieu ban mua lon gia Cong c va cong Cai , cho nen khi i mua ban can noi ro la mua cong nao , va cung nh la trong may tnh cua chung ta a san co cong c roi . Gia moi cong COM -DB9 khoang 5.000 ma thoi .Nhac lai la phai het sc lu y kiem tra cho ky trc khi han cong COM len mach nap , va tren mach nap luon la cong Cai
VI- MOT SO CAC LU Y : Bien the ien co the dung loai 450mA cho en 1Ampe . Vi ngo ra AC ( xoay chieu) toi thieu la 12V AC . Tot nhat la nen mua bien the 1 Ampe co ngo ra 15 V gia khoang 13.000 . IC on ap 7805 ban khongnen mua loai co ch mau trang loai nay a so la cua Trung Hoa san xuat nen khong khi nao at ung 5V nh con so a ghi ca, ban nen mua loai ch 7805 chm , loai nay chu nhiet cao va rat chuan volt . Gia cua no khoang 3000 , neu mua hang cuth moi con ch het 500 rat re(ban rat nhieu ch Nhat Tao) .! Tng t cho LM317 cung nen mua loai ch chm va gia ca cung nh 7805 . Transistor 2N2222 ban co the thay bang C1815 gia 300/c Con cac linh kien eu co ban ch Nhat Tao www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 16 - Trong qua trnh lap rap neu ban co gap truc trac hay bat ky mot s co nao sau khi chnh ban than ban a co sa nhng van khong c th xin hay email cho chung toi qua a ch sau : duyphi@yahoo.com / duyphi@yahoo.com ,Neu cac ban xa th viet th cho toi qua a ch : 0909.371.471- gap Phi, bang kinh nghiem a tng lap rap loai nay , chung toi hy vong se em en cho ban nhng niem vui bang mot tam long ay nhiet huyet ma ban khong phai ton mot khoang chi ph nao ! Nhan ay chung toi cung xin noi luon la cung toi lam viec nay tren c s hoan toan t nguyen v s phat trien nen ky thuat cua nc nha ngay moi mot hn ma thoi!.
_____ < O > ______
Mi cac ban tiep tuc xem-va hay t lap rap cho mnh mot mach nap cho chip AT89c2051 - 20 chan- nho gon- de lap chay ngay sau khi lap:
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- 17 -
Hnh 4 Van e 3: I- OI LI GII THIEU : Con chip 89c2051 rat nho gon nen no c s dung rat nhieu trong cac ng dung nho. Neu ban muon va hoc Vi X Ly ong thi cung muon kham pha no qua cac ng dung cu the , qua cac d an thc te e phat trien 89C2051 , 89c4051vi ngon ng lap trnh Asemmbly th Mach Nap AT89C2051 chnh la cau tra li . No rat re va moi ngi eu co the t lam c . II- PHAN CNG : S O VA BO MACH IN 1 ). S O CUA MACH NAP AT89C2051 :
MACH NAP : AT89C2051 - QUA CONG COM Neu ban khong muon dung con Chip 89c51- 40 chan va to , lai at tien th ban co the dung con chip 89c2051 20 chan va nho gon , va tiet kiem tien bac nhng van ay u cac tnh nang nh con chip 89c51.Va sau ay la mach nap chng trnh con chip 89c2051 nay ,ngoai ra mach nap AT89C2051 con nap c cho con chip 89c4051 luon.! Rat de lap rap . www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 18 - TREN S O BAN HAY LU Y HAI IEM SAU : K hieu IC ghi 89C2051 Writer.hex 2021 bytes goi la con Chip chnh ( Chip Master) K hieu IC ghi 20 -PIN ZIF Socket 89c2051/ 89c4051 ay la cai Socket hay la chan e e cam IC ( con goi la e cam IC 20 Chan) , hay goi la con chip phu ( Chip Slave) ay la hnh dang that cua Socket ( e e gan IC vao) 20 chan .
2) BO MACH IN- CUA MACH NAP AT89C2051 : A) Hnh anh hng dan lap rap linh ken lenbo mach in:
Hay nh rang : au tien ban can phai nap file Writer.HEX vao cho con ChipMaster . Nhng kho noi la lay au ra mach nap e nap file Writer.Hex nay cho con Chip Master ?? Ban ng lo , ban co the mua con Chip Master a nap san nay tai quay photo B1 tai trng ai hoc Bach Khoa hoac ban cung co the mua a mem 1,4Mb toi co chep san file Writer.hex trong o luon roi , ban co the em ra cac tiem ien ch ien T Nhat Tao , o ho co san may nap- ho se nap cho ban vi gia moi lan nap la 2.000. www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 19 - B) Board mach in- cua mach nap:
C) Hnh anh cua mach nap hoan chnh :
III- PHAN MEM CHO MACH NAP AT89C2051 Mach nap AT89C2051 nay giao tiep vi may tnh thong qua phan mem EZ4.0. Hien thi ay la phan mem mi nhat va hoan toan mien ph chay tren nen Windows rat ep va rat de dang s dung . Giao dien cuano nh sau:
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- 20 - Hay nh rang : MAX 232 co the c thay the bang 2 con transistor het sc n giian . Khi o bo mach cua ban se nho gon hn, ong thi ban cung co the tiet kiem mot khoang tien rat ang ke . S o thay the nh sau:
Mot kieu khac:
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- 21 - Hay nh rang : MAX 232 16 chan con co the c thay the bang con chip DS257 het sc n giian ch co 8 chan thoi . Khi o bo mach in cua ban se nho gon hn . S o thay the nh sau:
VA SAU AY XIN MI BAN XEM MOT LOAI BO MACH IN KHAC CUNG LAP RAP THEO Y NH S O MACH NAP AT89C2051 TREN:
A) Hnh anh cua mach nap AT89C2051 hoan chnh:
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- 22 - b) Bo mach ong :
c) hnh hng dan lap rap linh kien len bo ong:
d) Bo mach c lam bang thu cong rat n gian : Bang mach nay clambang tay het sc gian n , nhng ban phai het sc lu y neu ban muon lam theo mach nay la: Ban phai han cac day t chan 12 19 cua con chip 89c2051 Master en cac chan 12 19 cua ZIF Socket nh trong hnh di nay:
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- 23 - IV- MOT SO LU Y VE CAC LINH KIEN CAN DUNG:
1- CACH XAC NH CAC CHAN IEN AP VAO RA CUA 7805 Output (O):= Chan ien ap ra 5V Command(C):= Chan nay han xuong Mass ( GND) Input (I):= ien ap vao 9V 12V Hay nh rang: Chan Command rat quan trong , chung ta can han no xuong mass(GND) mot cach het sc chac chan neu nh chan nay han khong kheo co lam cho ien ap ngo ra tang vot len rat cao gan bang ien ap ngo vao (9-12V) se lam hong cac chip .
Hay nh rang : MAX 232 co the c thay the bang 2 con transistor het sc n giian . Khi o bo mach cua ban se nho gon hn, ong thi ban cung co the tiet kiem mot khoang tien rat ang ke . S o thay the nh sau:
2- CACH XAC NH CHAN B-C-E CUA TRANSISTOR Lu y : Cac Transistor 2N222- c thay bang C1815 Va Transistor 2N2907 c thay bang A1015 Sau ay la cah xac nh chan B_C_E cho transistor A1015 va C1815
3- CAH XAC NH CHAN CUA IC Hay nh rang : Hau het tren cac IC eu co mot dau cham mot goc IC hay mot vat ban nguyet tren mot canh cua IC , va quy tac em so th t chan cua IC luon theo chieu ngc vi kim ong ho . Chan so 1 cua IC chnh la chan au tien nam tren canh ben trai cua dau Cham hay Vat ban nguyet.Vi quy c la vat ban nguyet hay dau cham phai c at ben tay trai!.
Hnh dang thc te C1815 / A1015 K hieu cua C 1815/ A 1015 www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 24 - 4) S O CHAN CUA CONG COM DB9:
(9p D-SUB male at PC (DTE)) Hay nh rang : Cong com gan tren may tnh la cong c( male ) e nhan dang cong COM c , ban ch can nhn vao th ban se thay co cac chau ben trong (9p D-SUB female at cable / mouse (DCE)) Hay nh rang : Cong ma ta can dung e lap rap mach nap la cong COM nay , no la cong cai . e nhan ra cong COM cai , ban ch can nhn vao th se thay ch toan la cac lo. Can lu y : Rat nhieu ban mua lon gia Cong c va cong Cai , cho nen khi i mua ban can noi ro la mua cong nao , va cung nh la trong may tnh cua chung ta a san co cong c roi . Gia moi cong COM -DB9 khoang 5.000 ma thoi .Nhac lai la phai het sc lu y kiem tra cho ky trc khi han cong COM len mach nap , va tren mach nap luon la cong Cai 5 ) CACH OC GIA TR IEN TR CACH TM GIA TR IEN TR THONG QUA CAC VACH MAU e tnh toan gia tr cua ien tr thong qua cac ma vach mau (color coded stripes) tren ien tr , thng theo cac bc sau: Bc 1 : at con ien tr sao cho Vach mau Vang kim hay nhu bac cua ien tr -phai goc ben pha tay phai cua ban. Bc 2 : Ban hay nhn ky 2 vach mau au tien pha ben trai (the first two stripes on the left end). Tiep theo ban hay chuyen oi cac mau ma ban oc c ra thanh so theo bang chuyen oi cho san di ay. Bc 3 : Xong , ban hay nhn tiep vach th 3 . Vach nay chnh la he so nhan . Ban hay chuyen oi vach mau th 3 nay ra gia tr theo bang cho san pha sau. S O CHAN CUA MAX232 S O CHAN CUA CHIP AT89C2051 www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 25 - Bc 4 : en ay ban ch viec lay 2 con so bc 2 nhan vi con so bc 3 la ban a tm c gia tr cua ien tr . Gia tr cua ien tr ma ban va tm se mang n v la ohms Vach mau nhu kim hay nhu bac ( tc la vach th 4 tnh t trai sang ) se cho chung ta biet sai so cua noso vi gia tr ghi tren ien tr o.Theo toi th chung ta khong nen phai ban tam oi vi eu nay, co ngha la chung ta khong can biet no trong khi thc hanh.
Hay nh rang: oi vi ien tr chung ta can het sc lu y en mot thong so vo cung quan trong o la cong suat chu ng cua no. Thong thng cong suat ien tr ban th trng se co cac mc sau :1/4 Watt , 0.5 Watt , 1W , 5W , 10W.. Nhng thong dung nhatvan la ien tr 1/4 Watt- cho nen khi ban ra tiem mua phai noi ro ien tr can mua la bao nhieu Watt- the mi la dan ien chuyen nghiep !.Gia hien thi 100 con khoang 2.500 VN BANG MA MAU IEN TR . (Vi vach nhu kim hay bac nam ben phai) Mau Vach 1 Vach 2 Vach 3 Vach 4 en 0 0 x1 Nau 1 1 x10 o 2 2 x100 Cam 3 3 x1,000 Vang 4 4 x10,000 Luc (Green) 5 5 x100,000 Lam (Blue) 6 6 x1,000,000 Tm 7 7 Xam 8 8 Trang 9 9 Nhu Kim 5% Bac 10% V du: Cho mot ien tr co cac vach mau tnh t trai qua nh sau : Xanh da tri( lam-blue) ,Xam , o, Nhu vang .Hay tmgia tr ien tr cua no. Bc 1.: Vach mau nhu vang phai c at ben phai , roi en Bc2 Bc 2: Vach au tien la mau xanh da tri( blue) tra bang th thay no tng ng vi so 6. Vach th 2 la mau xam va cung lam tng t ta co c so 8. Nh vay 2 con so au tien cua ien tr co gia tr la 68. Bc3: Vach th 3 la mau o -co ngha la x 100. Bc4: Gia tr cua ien tr tm c se la : 68 x 100 = 6800 ohms (6800 ohms = 6.8 kohms). Vach mau nhu ong co ngha la gia tr chnh xac cua ien tr se sai khac 5% so vi thc te . Gia tr cua no co the se se nam gia 6,460 Kohms and 7,140 Kohms. (Do sai so 5% cua 6,800 = 0.05 x 6,800 = 340)
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- 26 - VI- MOT SO CAC LU Y : Bien the ien co the dung loai 450mA cho en 1Ampe . Vi ngo ra AC ( xoay chieu) toi thieu la 12V AC . Tot nhat la nen mua bien the 1 Ampe co ngo ra 15 V gia khoang 13.000 . IC on ap 7805 ban khongnen mua loai co ch mau trang loai nay a so la cua Trung Hoa san xuat nen khong khi nao at ung 5V nh con so a ghi ca, ban nen mua loai ch 7805 chm , loai nay chu nhiet cao va rat chuan volt . Gia cua no khoang 3000 , neu mua hang cuth moi con ch het 500 rat re(ban rat nhieu ch Nhat Tao) .! Tng t cho LM317 cung nen mua loai ch chm va gia ca cung nh 7805 . Transistor 2N2222 ban co the thay bang C1815 gia 300/c Con cac linh kien eu co ban ch Nhat Tao Trong qua trnh lap rap neu ban co gap truc trac hay bat ky mot s co nao sau khi chnh ban than ban a co sa nhng van khong c th xin hay email cho chung toi qua a ch sau : duyphi@yahoo.com / duyphi@yahoo.com ,hoac goi trc tiep qua ien thoai 0909371471
XIN MI BAN XEM TIEP MOT LOAI MACH NAP VI X LY KHAC BANG CONG MAY IN VI TOC O CC KY NHANH -LAI RAT N GIAN !
ay la hnh anh hoan chnh cua mach nap 89c2051 qua cong may in:
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- 27 - Van e 4
Hay nh rang : Cac ban muon nap chng trnh ma ban a viet vao cho con chip vi khien , th trc het ban phai bien dch no ra file Hex trc a, roi t o ban mi dung mach nap nay e nap file Hex ma ban va bien dch vao cho con chip AT89C2051. Neu Cac ban muon biet cach lam sao e bien dch ra file Hex t mot file ASM ( c viet bang ngon ng Assembly ) th cac ban hay xem Phan 3 Hng Dan S Dung Cac Phan Mem Vi X Lycua quyen sach nay . I. S O LAP RAP :
MACH NAP: AT89C2051 QUA CONG MAY IN Sau ay la mot loai mach nap chng trnh cho AT89C2051 thong qua cong may in (Parallel Printer Port) , loai Mach nap nay con goi la mach nap song song. u iem :ln nhat cua loai nay la thi gian nap chng t may tnh di dang file Hex sang vi ieu khien cc ky nhanh . www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 28 - II. BOARD MACH IN: ay la Board mach in e gan linh kien , cac ban co the lien he vi phong Photo B1 trng h.Bach Khoa (no nam ngay di cau thang day B1) e lay ban ve nay a c in san bang may in Laser , sau o ban hay dung ban la (hay con goi: ban ui e a no len bo ong). Lu y : Neu cac ban muon biet cach Thiet Ke Bo Mach In va cah tao ra mot ban mach in chat lng cao th ban hay xem Phan 2 HNG DAN LAM BO MACH IN CHAT LNG CAO trong quyen sach nay.
Hay lu y rang: Ban co the download phan mem cung s o va board mach in va nhieu van e khac rat hay tai website : www.qsl.net/dg5dbz/main_eng.html
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- 29 - III. HNG DAN LAP RAP LINH KIEN LEN BO MACH IN:
IV- MACH HOAN CHNH SAU KHI A LAP RAPXONG:
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- 30 - V-PHAN MEM-CHO MACH NAP 89C2051 QUA CONG MAY IN: Mach nap nay s dung phan WinATProg chay tren moi trng windows 98/ Me dung lng 273kb . Giao dien nh sau :
Ban co chon loai Chip e nap trong muc menu Prozessor : * AT89C1051 * AT89C2051 * AT89C4051
Ban cung co the chon lai ngon ng hien th tren giao dien la tieng anh :
Hay lu y rang: Ban co the download phan mem nay cung s o board mach in va nhieu van e khac rat hay tai website : www.qsl.net/dg5dbz/main_eng.html
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- 31 - IV- MOT SO LU Y VE CAC LINH KIEN CAN DUNG: 1- CACH XAC NH CAC CHAN IEN AP VAO RA CUA 7805 Output (O):= Chan ien ap ra 5V Command(C):= Chan nay han xuong Mass ( GND) Input (I):= ien ap vao 9V 12V Hay nh rang: Chan Command rat quan trong , chung ta can han no xuong mass(GND) mot cach het sc chac chan neu nh chan nay han khong kheo co lam cho ien ap ngo ra tang vot len rat cao gan bang ien ap ngo vao (9-12V) se lam hong cac chip .
2- S O CHAN CUA CONG MAY IN
25p D-SUB female at PC
Hay nh rang : Cong May in gan tren may tnh la cong Cai( female ) e nhan dang cong May in Cai , ban ch can nhn vao th ban se thay co cac Lo ben trong
25p D-SUB male at parallel-cable
Hay nh rang : Cong ma ta can dung e lap rap mach nap la cong May in nay , no la cong c . e nhan ra cong COM cai , ban ch can nhn vao th se thay ch toan la cac Chau. Can lu y : Rat nhieu ban mua lon gia Cong c va cong Cai , cho nen khi i mua ban can noi ro la mua cong nao , va cung nh la trong may tnh cua chung ta a san co cong c roi . Gia moi cong may in DB25 khoang 5.000 ma thoi .Nhac lai la phai het sc lu y kiem tra cho ky trc khi han cong may in len mach nap , va tren mach nap luon la cong c
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- 32 - 3- CACH XAC NH CHAN B-C-E CUA TRANSISTOR Lu y : Cac Transistor BC239-c thay bang C1815 Va Transistor BC328 c thay bang A1015 Sau ay la cah xac nh chan B_C_E cho transistor A1015 va C1815
4- CAH XAC NH CHAN CUA IC Hay nh rang : Hau het tren cac IC eu co mot dau cham mot goc IC hay mot vat ban nguyet tren mot canh cua IC , va quy tac em so th t chan cua IC luon theo chieu ngc vi kim ong ho . Chan so 1 cua IC chnh la chan au tien nam tren canh ben trai cua dau Cham hay Vat ban nguyet.
5- CACH OC GIA TR IEN TR CACH TM GIA TR IEN TR THONG QUA CAC VACH MAU tren a hng dan , xin xem lai .
Hnh dang thc te C1815 / A1015 K hieu cua C 1815/ A 1015 www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 33 -
PHAN 2:
HNG DAN LAM BO MACH IN CHAT LNG CAO
VAN E 6:
HNG DAN THIET KE MACH IN TREN MAY TNH BANG PHAN MEM : Eagle 4.01 I-GII THIEU : Hien nay viec ng dung may tnh e thiet ke mach in ngay mot tr nen kha pho bien nh Orcad, eagle, Protel. Tuy nhien de s dung hn ca va hieu qua nhat o la phan mem Eagle , no rat n gian , giao dien ep , khong qua phc tap trong khi thiet ke mach in. Chnh v nhng ac iem nay ma a so cac sinh vien hien nay nhat la sinh vien trng ky thuat ang s dung phan mem nay . II-NOI DUNG : Ve noi dung hng dan thiet ke mach in bang phan mem Eagle 4.01 toi cung a soan xong va lam thanh mot quyen sach rieng khoang gan 20 trang . Neu cac ban muon xem th co the lien he vi Phong Photo B1 trng h.Bach Khoa hoac cac ban cung co the xem noi dung cua quyen sach nay tren mang theo a ch sau: www.microduyphi.com
NOI DUNG : Van e 6: HNG DAN THIET KE MACH IN TREN MAY TNH BANG PHAN MEM : Eagle 4.01 Van e 7: PHNG PHAP IN BAN VE LEN BO ONG NHANH - N GIAN - HIEU QUA www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 34 - VAN E 7:
PHNG PHAP IN BAN VE LEN BO ONG
I-GII THIEU: Thong thng ban can in 1 ban mach ma ban t thiet ke len bo ong(Cu) ban thng phai ra tiem at lam dum vi gia khong c re cho lam (thng la 100.000 tr len ).Vay th tai sao ban lai khong t mnh lam lay vi gia khoang la 6.000 nh ? Sau ay la 1 qua trnh rut kinh nghiem cua chung toi trong qua trnh thc hien khi a ban mach t may tnh len ban Cu
II-TIEN TRNH LAM MACH IN : Bc 1: au tien ban dung may tnh e thiet ke bang mach in ma ban muon thc hien bang cac phan mem thong dung sau :Eagle, Orcad, Protel, Traxmat...v.v.v. (cac ban co the xem hng dan t thiet ke mach in bang phan mem Eagle Version4.01 nh hng dan muc 2.6) . Giao dien thiet ke mach in cua phan mem Eagle 4.01 :
Sau khi ban thiet ke , hay lu no lai trong a mem va in ra bang mc laze len giay photo thng , moi t photo gia khoang 300 . Hay lu y: Phai in bang mc in Laser . www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 35 - Khong nen in len giay scan v giay scan mong qua khi ui se b chay , khong in len giay kieng v mc de b lem & rat ton kem (1500 cho 1 t giay ). Ni in gia sinh vien: Cong th 3 cua trng H BACH KHOA Tp HCM nhn qua ben kia ng Bc 2: at t giay co in mach len mieng ong. Sau o ui len t giay(trong khoang t 10 15 phut ) nh la phai ui eu t gia ra en cac ng vien (ban ui phai nong ) +Sau khoang thi gian o t giay co ve b nam lai .Ui xong th bo bang ong vao nc e khoang 15 phut tr len cho lp giay muc ra roi boc nhe lp giay ra . Khi o mc laze se in len bang ong toan bo nh mnh a thiet ke mach Bc 3: Ra mach bang bot FeCl 3 pha vao nc , tuy vao lng bot ban cho vao (thng la 2 bch khi ban muon lam nhanh va ra nhieu mach cung luc ). Sau khi ra mach th lp ong khong c mc laze bao ve se b tan het e lai nhng ng mc laze ( di co lp ong ). Sau o ban hay ra sach bang mach bang nc lanh that ky lng nhieu lan , roi dung giay nham cha s s len mach ong e lam bay het lp mc laze , nh vay ban a lam c ban mach ma ban a t thiet ke . Hay lu y : Lam lan au thng hay b hong do ui khong eu , khi o ban hay lay giay nham cha cho bay lp mc roi lam lai nhe!
III- LI KET : ay ch la nhng kinh nghiem cua chung toi trong qua trnh lam mach ,cho nen sai sot cung la ieu co the xay ra .Do o knh mong cung ban oc gop y & bo sung e tap sach nay ngay mot hoan thien hn .
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- 36 - PHAN 3:
HNG DAN S DUNG CAC PHAN MEM VI X LY
Van e 8:
MOT SO PHAN MEM LAP TRNH - SOAN THAO ASSEMBLER
I-GII THIEU: Nhan tien viet tapsach nay ,toi xin gii thieu cung cac ban s lc ve mot so phanmem thong dung gianh cho Vi X Ly , cac phan mem ma toi gii thieu hien ang co rat nhieu taicac tiem ban software , cac ban co the mua o hoac len mang vao trang web www.microduyphi.com e download ve s dung hoan toan mien ph . Toi cung xin noi trc la tat ca nhng g ma toi hng3 ay hoan toan la toi a trai nghiem bang thc te roi nen cac ban c yen tam ma s dung , ngoai ra co mot so phan mem mi khac rat hay nhng toi cha be khoa c hay cha cap nhat kp th cung mong cac ban thong cam bo qua cho toi .
II-CAC PHAN MEM LAP TRNH- SOAN THAO VI X LYASSEMBLER: 1) LAP TRNH ASSENBLER BANG NOTEPAD: T menu Star ban hay vao muc Program e m ca so NOTEPAD nh hnh sau. Sau khi ban a lap trnh xong th lulai vi uoi la cham-asm nh sau: *** .asm
Lu y rang : Dau *** la ni e cho ban at ten chng trnh cua ban . Ten ma ban at dai toi a la 8 k t ma thoi . V du ten hp le: ledtest.asm , denchop.asm , leduyphi.asm
NOI DUNG Van e 8: MOT SO PHAN MEM LAP TRNH / SOAN THAO ASSEMBLY Van e 9: CAC PHAN MEM BIEN DCH FILE .ASM RA FILE .HEX Van e 10 : CAC PHAN MEM MO PHONG VI X LY Van e 11 : HNG DAN S DUNG Ezdl4.0 CHO CAC MACH NAP www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 37 -
Hnh : M ca so NOTEPAD e lap trnh ASM 2) LAP TRNH ASSENBLER BANG NC-EDIT ( NORTONCOMMANDER): Ngoai Notepad ra , ban con co the lap trnh Assembler bang chc nang soan thao Edit cua Norton Commander chay tren Windows hoac Dos cung c . e m chc nang nay cua NC ban hay nhan hai phm: SHIFT + F4 Sau o ban cung lu lai vi ten la: ***.ASM
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- 38 - VAN E 9: CAC PHAN MEM BIEN DCH FILE .ASM RA FILE .HEX I-GII THIEU: Nh cung ta biet , muon nap c noi dung chng trnh ma chung ta a lap trnh vao cho con vi x ly e no hoat ong th chung ta phai nap vao cho no cac file co dang la file .HEX hoac la file .BIN , nhng a so ngi ta thng nap cho no cac file co dang la file .HEX . Do o toi xin gii thieu cung vi cac ban cac phan mem thng dung e chuyen cac file co dang la file .Asm sang dang file .Hex o la ASM51 va TASM . II_CAC PHAN MEM PHIEN DCH .ASM SANG .HEX: (A) PHAN MEM ASM51 : 1-CAC FILE CAN CO TRONG BO ASM51: Trong bo ASM51 gom co cac file sau: ASM51.EXE The Cross Assembler program itself MOD152 Source file for the $MOD152 control MOD154 Source file for the $MOD154 control MOD252 Source file for the $MOD252 control MOD44 Source file for the $MOD44 control MOD451 Source file for the $MOD451 control MOD452 Source file for the $MOD452 control MOD51 Source file for the $MOD51 control MOD512 Source file for the $MOD512 control MOD515 Source file for the $MOD515 control MOD517 Source file for the $MOD517 control MOD52 Source file for the $MOD52 control MOD521 Source file for the $MOD521 control MOD552 Source file for the $MOD552 control MOD652 Source file for the $MOD652 control MOD751 Source file for the $MOD751 control MOD752 Source file for the $MOD752 control MOD851 Source file for the $MOD851 control Tong dung lng : 153Kb 2) CACH S DUNG: - Sau khi ban lap trnh xong ( bang Notepad hay NC-Edit nh a noi tren) ban hay lu no lai vi ten la: ***.asm , toi gia s rang la : vidu.asm va file nay ban lu tren o a C:\ chang han, ong thi toi cung gia s rang ban cung e bo ASM51 nay tren o a C:\ th khi o chung ta co nh sau: C:\ vidu.asm ASM51.EXE The Cross Assembler program itself MOD152 Source file for the $MOD152 control MOD154 Source file for the $MOD154 control MOD252 Source file for the $MOD252 control MOD44 Source file for the $MOD44 control MOD451 Source file for the $MOD451 control MOD452 Source file for the $MOD452 control MOD51 Source file for the $MOD51 control MOD512 Source file for the $MOD512 control MOD515 Source file for the $MOD515 control MOD517 Source file for the $MOD517 control MOD52 Source file for the $MOD52 control MOD521 Source file for the $MOD521 control MOD552 Source file for the $MOD552 control MOD652 Source file for the $MOD652 control MOD751 Source file for the $MOD751 control www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 39 - MOD752 Source file for the $MOD752 control MOD851 Source file for the $MOD851 control Sau o ban hay m ca so MS-DOS va go dong lenh y nh sau th ban se c mot file co ten la: vidu.hex , dong lenh nh sau : C:\asm51 vidu.asm hoac C:\asm51 vidu Nh vay la ban a hoan thanh xong cong viec bien dch file >ASM sang file >HEX roi , bay gii ban co rhe lay file nay nap vao cho con chip vi x ly cua ban c roi ay . 3) Phan Mem Nay Kiem au : Cac ban co the vao trang Web cua toi e tai ve s dung mien ph hoan toan : www.microduyphi.com hay ban cung co the lien he tai phong Photo B1 (di cau thang) trng H.Bach Khoa Tp.HCM toi co chep san trong a mem 1,44Mb.
B) PHAN MEM TASM Tiep theo toi xin gii thieu cung cac ban mot phan mem khac cung bien dch file .ASM sang file.HEX rat hay khac o la phan mem : TASM 1) Noi Dung Cac File Co Trong Bo TASM Bo Tasm cha trong mot file co ten la Tasminst co ngha la Tasm instal ( tep tin e cai at) ban click chuot len tep tin nay th t ong no se t giai nen va cai at luon dung lng cua tep tin Tasminst la 126Kb , cac ban co the vao trang Web cua toi e tai ve s dung mien ph hoan toan : www.microduyphi.com hay ban cung co the lien he tai phong Photo B1 (di cau thang) trng H.Bach Khoa Tp.HCM 2) CACH S DUNG : Ban hay thoat khoi windows ra moi trng DOS bang cach t moi trng Windows98 , ban click chuot vao Star menu chon muc Program roi chon tiep MS-DOS prompt , nh vay la ban a ra ngoai moi trng DOS roi o .
Sau o ban hay thay oi lai ng dan , cung th muc e en ni chua file TASM e bat au bien dch bang cah s dung dong lenh sau : tasm -51 *.asm *.hex www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 40 - Toi gia s , ban e file phan memTASM va file ledtest.asm tai o a C:\ chang han , th khi o ban se go ung dong len sau e bien dch file ledtest.asm : C:\ tasm -51 ledtest.asm ledtest.hex
Ket qua cua viec lam nay ban se tao ra c file : ledtest.hex. Xong , bay gii th ban hay ong ca so: DOS prompt e tr lai vi windows. Hay lu y rang : Ban cung co the tao ra tep tin kiem tra loi lap trnh trc khi tao ra tep tin napcho vi x ly , bang cach ban tao ra file co uoi la .Lst , tep tin nay se kiem tra loi cu phap lenh trong chng trnh cua ban , no se ch cho ban thay nhng loi sai e ban kp thi sa cha .Khi o ban hay go cau lenh sau:
tasm -51 *.asm *.obj Ket qua ta se c 2 tep tin :*.Obj va *.Lst . Cung vi gia s nh tren ta se go nh sau : C:\ tasm -51 ledtest.asm ledtest.obj Sau o ban c hai tep tin : ledtest.obj va ledtest.Lst ban hay m file Ledtest.Lst nay bang Notepad hay Word e xem ket qua kiem tra.!
Ngoai ra phan mem Tasm nay con ho tr cho mot so loai Vi X Ly khac na , khi o tuy theo loai ma ban se go cac dong lenh cho phu hp , toi xin chep nguyen ban tieng anh hh sau :
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- 41 - TASM - Table Driven Assembler Version 2.8 assemble the code in a file called source.asm, one would enter:
tasm -48 source.asm for an 8048 assembly tasm -65 source.asm for a 6502 assembly tasm -51 source.asm for an 8051 assembly. tasm -85 source.asm for an 8085 assembly. tasm -80 source.asm for a Z80 assembly. tasm -05 source.asm for a 6805 assembly. tasm -68 source.asm for a 6800/6801 assembly. tasm -70 source.asm for a TMS7000 assembly. tasm -32 source.asm for a TMS32010 assembly.
The file name that the tables are read from is formed by taking the digits specified after the '-' and appending it to 'TASM' then appending the '.TAB' extension. Thus, the '-48' flag would cause the tables to be read from the file 'TASM48.TAB'.
It is possible to designate tables by non numeric part numbers if the '-t' flag is used. For example, if a user built a table called TASMF8.TAB then TASM could be invoked as follows:
tasm -tf8 source.asm
Each option flag must be preceded by a dash. Options need not precede the file names, however. The various options are described below: C- MOT PHAN MEM BIEN DCH KHAC : Trong a SoftWare c ien 2003 cua bo mon c ien t toi thay co gii thieu mot bo dch nhng khong biet la ten g , nhng co ay u cac tep tin can dung trong th muc DichASM , cac ban co the mua va s dung no : Cach s dung : Day la mot so phan mem de bien dich asm sang hex hoac bin Cho ho ic intel. Chay tren moi truong dos Cac ban phai su dung ket hop cac phan mem voi nhau. 1/ ban lap trinh assembler bang notepad hoac nc-edit (nhan shift +f4). 2/ sau do luu lai thanh file : *.asm 3/ su dung "x8051" de kiem tra loi va bien dich thanh : *.obj 4/ su dung "link" de bien dich *.obj thanh *.hex 5/ nhu vay ban da co file *.hex de nap vao ic hay rom. Neu may nap cua ban can file *.bin thi ban dung "hexbin2" de chuyen doi. Ngoai ra con phan mem Assemblers vs dung lng ch 40 kb va nhieu phan mem bien dch rat hay khac toi se gii thieu cung cac ban trong tap 2 Hng dan giao tiep vi x ly vi may tnh , xin mi cac ban on oc! Xi n chuc cac ban van sthanh cong !
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- 42 - VAN E 10:
CAC PHAN MEM MO PHONG VI X LY
1) Phan mem mo phong 8051 JSIM-51 mien ph hoan toan bi Jens Altmann.
Dung lng : 395 kb
3) PHAN MEM MO PHONG Emulator 8051 V1.0 Phan mem Emulator 8051 V1.0 bi TS Controls la mot phan mem mo phong cho 8051 Hien nay no co nhieu tren cac a Software ien t, cac ban co the mua no, thong thng no co ten la Ts_Contols 8051. Dung lng: 963kb Lu y : Mot so phan mem ln toi khong the a len mang , va mot so phan mem a co ban cac tiem Software th toi cung ch gii thieu , cac ban hay chu kho mua , hoac co the lien he rieng vi toi neu c toi se gi cho cac ban ! Giao dien cua phan mem nay nh sau :
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- 43 -
3) Ngoai ra con mot phan mem mo phong khac chay tren moi tr6ng Dos nh sau:
Emily 8051/8052 V1.7 cua Dunfield Development Systems la mot phan mem mo phong cho 8051 for DOS. Dung lng : 357 kb
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- 44 - Van e 11:
HNG DAN S DUNG PHAN MEM EZ4.0 CHO MACH NAP VI X LY
I-Giao dien cua EZ4.0 nh sau:
II - CACH S DUNG: Optin 1: Khi ban nut nay th con chip cua ban no se khoa lai , sau nay ban khong the nao nap lai c na do o rat t ai chon option nay , theo toila khong chon th tot hn e co the nap nhieu lan ! Option 2: Khi ban nut nay viec kiem tra sau khi nap xong se dien ra rat nhanh , ban co chon hay khong tuy y chang he han g ca ! Command 1: Chc nang cua Command nay la nap chng trnh file.Hex vao cho vi x Ly .Ban hay nhan vao command nay e ch en ni cha file ,Hex can nap e tien hanh qua trnh nap . Lu y la : Khi ban chon Command nay th ieu au tien no se xoa noi dung cu tren con vi x ly neu co , e don ng chuan b nap noi dung mi vao , cong viec nay c no lam t ong hoan toan . Command 2: Chc nang nay se oc ngc noi dung co trong con vi x ly cua ban ra ngoai lai di dang file .Hex .
Hay nh rang : Phan mem nay dung chung cho ca hai mach nap AT89C51 va At89C2051 , viec nhan dang se c no lam t ong hoan toan .
Option 2 Option 1 Command 1 Command 2 www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 45 - PHAN 4:
CAC MACH IEN VI X LY - LY THU- N GIAN CHO NGI MI BAT AU HOC LAP TRNH CUNG VI X LY
Van e 12 MACH 1:
Hay Lam Mot en Led Chp Vi- 8951
Bc 1) Bc au tien la lam mach ien . Tai thi iem nay ban phai lam quen vi viec s dung cac linh kien .( ay co 2 ien tr , 3 cai tu , 1 thach anh 12Mhz va 1 en Led , tat ca eu co ban ch Nhat Tao ca ). Ban co the at cac linh kien nay len tren mot breakboard roi dung day ien noi chung lai ( breakboard bay ban rat nhieu ch Nhat Tao ban hay mua mot cai e lam cac th nghiem !) . S thiet ke nay dung vi con vi ieu khien 89c51 .
ieu duy nhat ma chung toi muon lam mach nay la :Lam cho Led chp . Bang viec lam nay ban se co the c hoc mot chng trnh x ly c viet bang ngon ng Assembly va sau o ban se biet cach nap file chng trnh vao cho con Chip vi ieu khien .
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- 46 - Lan au tien nay chung toi san san viet san cac dong code cho ban bang ngon ng Assembly , file nay se co ten la : ledtest.asm , chung ta se s dung no cho mach nay . Ma code nh sau : ORG 0030H LOOP: CLR P1.0 ;P1.0 SANG CALL DELAY_1S SETB P1.0 ;P1.0 TAT CALL DELAY_1S LJMP LOOP DELAY_1S: MOV R1,#20 LOOP1: MOV R2,#200 LOOP2: MOV R3,#255 LOOP3: DJNZ R3,LOOP3 DJNZ R2,LOOP2 DJNZ R1,LOOP1 RET END Hay nh rang : Dong Code nao bat au bang dau ; th o la dong chu thch , do o chung ta co the bo qua ma khong anh hng g en chng trnh ca. Sau khi viet xong ban hay lu lai vi ten la : ledtest.asm
BC 2 : BIEN DCH CHNG TRNH Hay MOVE file ledtest.asm nay en th muc ni ma ban a cha phan mem TASM . Tiep theo ban hay thoat khoi windows ra moi trng DOS bang cach t moi trng Windows98 , ban click chuot vao Star menu chon muc Program roi chon tiep MS-DOS prompt , nh vay la ban a ra ngoai moi trng DOS roi o .
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- 47 - Sau o ban hay thay oi lai ng dan , cung th muc e en ni chua file TASM e bat au bien dch bang cah s dung dong lenh sau : tasm -51 ledtest.asm ledtest.hex Toi gia s , ban e file phan memTASM va file ledtest.asm tai o a C:\ chang han , th khi o ban se go ung dong len sau e bien dch file ledtest.asm : C:\ tasm -51 ledtest.asm ledtest.hex
Ket qua cua viec lam nay ban se tao ra c file : ledtest.hex. Xong , bay gii th ban hay ong ca so: DOS prompt e tr lai vi windows.
Bc 3 ) Nap chng trnh vao cho con Chip Vi X Ly Bay gii ban hay em Mach Nap AT89C51 ra, nap file ledtest.hex vao cho con vi x ly . Lu y : Hay lam can than moi th nh nguon cung cap va day noi cong COM Ban hay at con chip Vi X Ly 89c51 can nap vao Socket Chip Slave Hay nh : at ung chan- hay nhn ky so 1 tren hnh ay nhe, toi cung a lan at lon roi o !).
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- 48 - Tiep en , ban m phan mem EZ4.0 , phan mem nay no se t nhan biet s hien dien Mach Nap AT89c51 , roi sau o ban hay oi ng dan e ch en ni cha file lesdtest.hex e nap vao cho 89c51. Tat ca moi viec sau o se clam t ong .
Sau khi nap xong , ban hay thao con chip ra , gan no vao breakboard ma hoi nay Bc 1 ban lap rap , roi cung cap ien cho mach ( hay nh la 5V thoi nhe !). Xong ban hay xem hien tng cua en Led nh the nao nhe ! Vang !Rat ep !
Bo nguon 5V ban co the lap rap nh sau :
Nh ban thay pha goc phai cua breakborad la ngo vao 9VDC . en ay xem nh a xong bai thc hanh au tien :
C huc C ac Ban Lam Ngay c Li en Va Luon Vui VeVi C ac Mach i en Sau !
LeD uy phi
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- 49 - Van e 13 - Mach 2:
BO IEU KHIEN NHUNG N GIAN
Bc 1: Bc au tien la xay dng mach ien ay ban can lam quen vi mot so linh kien ien t ma chung ta se dung en . Ban co the lap at chung len tren mot breadboard roi dung day ien noi lai e tao thanh mach ien nh sau nhe . Mach nay c thiet ke danh cho con chip 89C2051-(loai 20chan a so cac bo vi x ly th khong the nao ieu khien trc tiep cac Led ngoai tr ho ATMEL ma tieu bieu la 89c2051 va 89c51 , o la ly do ma toi co the thiet ket c mach nay het sc n gian nh ban co the thay trong s o sau :
Lu y : Nguon cung cap cho mach la Vcc=5V va GND=0 V
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- 50 -
Cac linh kien can dung cho mach nay la : 1- AT89C2051 1-thach anh 11.0592 Mhz 2-tu 33p 1-tu 10mF 1- ien tr 8k2 va 10 con 330 ohm 10-day ien e noi mach . ay la hnh anh cua cac linh kien nh a noi tren :
Mach nay se lam cho 8 Led lan lt sang len bat au t chan P1.0 en P1.7 vi nhieu kieu em rat hay va rat ly thu se lam ban hai long va thch thu no .
Sau ay la chng trnh cua mach ien viet bang Assembly:
CHNG TRINH VERSION 1 : SANG DAN TAT DAN
ORG 0030H LOOP: MOV P1,#0FFH CLR P1.7 ;P1.7 SANG CALL DELAY_1S SETB P1.7 ;P1.7 TAT CLR P1.6 CALL DELAY_1S SETB P1.6 CLR P1.5 CALL DELAY_1S SETB P1.5 www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
ORG 0H ;locate routine at 00H AJMP START ;jump to START ; ;************************************************************* ; INITIALIZE: ;set up control registers ; MOV TCON,#00H MOV TMOD,#00H MOV PSW,#00H MOV IE,#00H ;disable interrupts RET ; ;************************************************************* ; ; Real code starts below. The first two routines are for delays so we ; can slow down the blinking so we can see it. (Without a delay, it ; would blink so fast it would look like it was always on. ; ;************************************************************* ; DELAYMS: ;millisecond delay routine ; ; MOV R7,#00H ;put value of 0 in register R7 LOOPA: INC R7 ;increase R7 by one (R7 = R7 +1) MOV A,R7 ;move value in R7 to Accumlator (also known as A) CJNE A,#0FFH,LOOPA ;compare A to FF hex (256). If ;not equal go to LOOPA RET ;return to the point that this ;routine was called from ;************************************************************* DELAYHS: ;half second delay above ;millisecond delay MOV R6,#00H ;put 0 in register R6 (R6 = 0) LOOPB: INC R6 ;increase R6 by one (R6 = R6 +1) ACALL DELAYMS ;call the routine above. It will run and return to here. MOV A,R6 ;move value in R6 to A JNZ LOOPB ;if A is not 0, go to LOOPB RET www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 53 - ; ;************************************************************* START: ;main program (on power up, ; ;program starts at this point) ACALL INITIALIZE ;set up control registers LOOP: INC P1 ;INCrement P1. Adds 1 to the 8 ;bit register for Port 1. ACALL DELAYHS ;go to above routine that ;causes a delay AJMP LOOP ;go to LOOP(jump back to point ;labeled LOOP) END ;end program
Hay nh rang : Dong Code nao bat au bang dau ; th o la dong chu thch , do o chung ta co the bo qua ma khong anh hng g en chng trnh ca. Sau khi viet xong ban hay lu lai vi ten la : ledproj .asm
BC 2 : BIEN DCH CHNG TRNH
Hay MOVE file ledproj2.asm nay en th muc ni ma ban a cha phan mem TASM . Tiep theo ban hay thoat khoi windows ra moi trng DOS bang cach t moi trng Windows98 , ban click chuot vao Star menu chon muc Program roi chon tiep MS-DOS prompt , nh vay la ban a ra ngoai moi trng DOS roi o .
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- 54 -
Sau o ban hay thay oi lai ng dan , cung th muc e en ni chua file TASM e bat au bien dch bang cah s dung dong lenh sau : tasm -51 ledproj2.asm ledproj2.hex Toi gia s , ban e file phan memTASM va file ledproj2.asm tai o a C:\ chang han , th khi o ban se go ung dong len sau e bien dch file ledproj2.asm : C:\ tasm -51 ledproj2.asm ledproj2.hex Ket qua cua viec lam nay ban se tao ra c file : ledproj2.hex. Xong , bay gii th ban hay ong ca so: DOS prompt e tr lai vi windows.
Bc 3 ) Nap chng trnh vao cho con Chip Vi X Ly Bay gii ban hay em Mach Nap AT89C2051 ra, nap file ledtest.hex vao cho con vi x ly . Lu y : Hay lam can than moi th nh nguon cung cap va day noi cong COM Ban hay at con chip Vi X Ly 89c2051 can nap vao Socket Chip Slave Hay nh : at ung chan- hay nhn ky so 1 tren hnh ay nhe , toi cung a lan at lon roi o !).
Tiep en , ban m phan mem EZ4.0 , phan mem nay no se t nhan biet s hien dien Mach Nap AT89c2051 , roi sau o ban hay oi ng dan e ch en ni cha file lesdtest.hex e nap vao cho 89c2051. Tat ca moi viec sau o se clam t ong . Sau khi nap xong , ban hay thao con chip ra , gan no vao breakboard ma hoi nay Bc 1 ban lap rap , roi cung cap ien cho mach ( hay nh la 5V thoi nhe !). Xong ban hay xem hien tng cua en Led nh the nao nhe ! Vang !Rat ep !
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- 55 - Bo nguon 5V ban co the lap rap nh sau :
Nh ban thay pha goc phai cua breakborad la ngo vao 9VDC . en ay xem nh a xong bai thc hanh th 2. Xi n C huc C ac Ban Thanh C ong K hi Lam Mach Nay Va Toi Hy Vong No Se Mang Lai C ho Ban Nhi eu Ni em Say Me Mi ! LeD uy P hi Xin mi cac ban on oc v du nay trong quyen th 2 sap viet xong: Hng Dan Giao Tiep Vi X Ly Vi May Tnh trong quyen nay toi se giup ban biet cah giao tiep gia vi x ly va may tnh thong qua phan mem Visual Basic , ong thi toi cung co e cap nhieu v du mach ien rat ly thu nh May o nhiet o hien th tren Led , May o nhiet o hien th tren May Tnh , Lam bang en ch chay n gian , Lam bang en ch chay giao tiep vi May Tnh , Mach o ien ap giao tiep may tnh ( ay la e tai ma toi a at giai 3 trong cuoc thi sinh vien sang tao lan 1 , va nhng mach ien vi x ly khac toi se gii thieu sau , xin cac ban on oc ! Cac tai lieu lien quan cua toi xin cac ban hay en phong Photo B1- h.Bach Khoa.
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- 56 - Van e 14 - MACH 3:
LAM COI HU VI HAI MC AM IEU KHAC NHAU
Hay lu y : Rang , moi thao tac toi a hng dan ky cac v du tren ay toi ch gii thieu co ong cac van e ma chu yeu la s o va giai thuat cho cac ban ma thoi !
I-S O MACH: Lu y : Loa mac noi tiep vi ien tr 500 ohm ban co the mua loai loa Buze mau en tron ch Nhat Tao
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ORG 0H ;locate routine at 00H AJMP START ;jump to START ; ;************************************************************************** ;
INITIALIZE: ;set up control registers ; MOV TCON,#00H MOV TMOD,#00H MOV PSW,#00H MOV IE,#00H ;disable interrupts RET ; ;************************************************************************** ; Real code starts below. The first two routines are for delays. ;************************************************************************** ; DELAYMS: ;millisecond delay routine ; ; MOV R7,#00H ;put value of 0 in register R7 LOOPA: INC R7 ;increase R7 by one (R7 = R7 +1) MOV A,R7 ;move value in R7 to Accumlator (also known ;as A) CJNE A,#0FFH,LOOPA ;compare A to FF hex (256). If not equal go ;to LOOPA RET ;return to the point that this routine was ;called from ; ;************************************************************************** ; DELAYHS: ;half second delay above millisecond delay ; ; MOV R6,#080H ;put 0 in register R6 (R6 = 0) MOV R5,#002H ;put 2 in register R5 (R5 = 2) LOOPB: INC R6 ;increase R6 by one (R6 = R6 +1) ACALL DELAYMS ;call the routine above. It will run and ;return to here. MOV A,R6 ;move value in R6 to A JNZ LOOPB ;if A is not 0, go to LOOPB DEC R5 ;decrease R5 by one. (R5 = R5 -1) MOV A,R5 ;move value in R5 to A JNZ LOOPB ;if A is not 0 then go to LOOPB. RET ; ;************************************************************************** www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 58 - ; TONE_ONE: ; MOV R4, #00H MOV R3,#002H ;put 2 in register R3 LOOPC: INC R4 ;increase R4 by one ACALL DELAY ;Delay ACALL DELAYMS DEC R2 ; This time decrement R2 to make tone go ;down in frequency CPL P1.0 MOV A,R4 ;move value in R4 to A JNZ LOOPC ;if A is not 0, go to LOOPC DEC R3 ;decrease R3 by one. MOV A,R3 ;move value in R3 to A JNZ LOOPC ;if A is not 0 then go to LOOPC. RET ; ;************************************************************************** ; TONE_TWO: ; MOV R4, #00H MOV R3,#002H ;put 2 in register R3 LOOPD: INC R4 ;increase R4 by one ACALL DELAY ;Delay ACALL DELAYMS INC R2 ; INCrement R2 to make frequency go up CPL P1.0 MOV A,R4 ;move value in R4 to A JNZ LOOPD ;if A is not 0, go to LOOPC DEC R3 ;decrease R3 by one. MOV A,R3 ;move value in R3 to A JNZ LOOPD ;if A is not 0 then go to LOOPC. RET ; ;************************************************************************** ; DELAY: ; MOV A, R2 MOV R7,A ;put value of R2 in register R7 LOOPE: INC R7 ;increase R7 by one (R7 = R7 +1) MOV A,R7 ;move value in R7 to Accumlator (also known ;as A) CJNE A,#0FFH,LOOPE ;compare A to FF hex (256). If not equal go ;to LOOPA RET ;return to the point that this routine was ;called from ; ;************************************************************************** START: ;main program (on power up, program starts ;at this point) ACALL INITIALIZE ;set up control registers LOOP: ACALL TONE_ONE ACALL TONE_TWO AJMP LOOP ;go to LOOP(always jump back to point ;labeled LOOP) END ;end program
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- 59 -
Van e 15 - MACH 4:
HAY LAM : ONG HO BAO GI IEN T
I-GII THIEU: Hien nay co rat nhieu d an ng dung Led 7 oan va ang tr nen kha pho bien , do o toi xin gii thieu mot trong nhng ng dung Led 7 oan cho ban tham khao ma ban than toi cung a tng lam , no rat de lam neu cac ban khong ngai kho khan .Sau khi rap xong va kiem tra ky la no se chay c ngay . II- S O MACH NH SAU:
Hnh nay mieu ta s o mach ien cua mot ong ho bao gi . ay Port1 (t P1.0 P1.7) se ieu khien cac cc dng cua Led 7 oan . Con cac chan P3.0 P3.3 se ieu khien cac cc am chung cua Led 7 oan . Hay lu y rang: Ca 4 Led tren eu la loai am chung ( hay goi la Catod chung). Do o khi i mua , ban nh noi ro la can mua Led Catod chung the mi la dan chuyen nghiep . ( oi khi ban noi Led am chung se co ngi khong nh la Led loai g au ay nhe , hay nh vi Led ngi ta hay goi la Led Catod chung hay Anod chung , mac du hai cach goi catod va am cc la nh nhau!) . III- TOM TAT S HOAT ONG CUA MACH: Ban thay tren cac chan P3.0 ti P3.3 co hai ng noi vao o : Mot ng noi en transistor va mot ng noi en khoa nhan (switch ) vi chan P3.4 . ieu o co ngha la www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 60 - trong qua trnh hien th th ong thi vi x ly no cung kiem tra xem co khoa nao c nhan hay khong . Neu co th chan P3.4 se xuong mc thap .Luc o vi x ly se x ly theo chc cua phm ma chung ta a nhan . Trong 4 khoa o co 2 khoa ieu chnh gi va ieu chnh phut, mot khoa dung e tat m en ma no c ieu khien bi chan P3.7 thong qua cai r le-va iem L va N ban noi vao nguon ien xoay chieu 220 V, d nhien bong en cung la loai 220 V.
IV - SAU AY LA CHNG TRNH CVIET BANG NGON NG C /* CLOCK V1.0 89C2051 + 4-digit 7-SEG led + 4-key switch Simple Digital Clock demostrates scanning LED and key switch. The clock has 1-bit output port P3.7 for driving AC load through MOC3040+triac. The source program was compiled by Micro-C with optimize option.
extern register char cputick; unsigned register char sec100,sec,sec5,min,hour,flag1,command,ACC,temp,opto; /* above must be defined as register for tiny model */ unsigned register char i,digit,buffer[4],onHour1,onMin1,offHour1,offMin1; register char key,delay,count1; char convert[10] = {0x3F,0x0c,0x76,0x5e,0x4d,0x5b,0x7b,0x0e,0x7f,0x5f};
blink() { if((flag1 & 0x04) != 0) /* check bit 2 if set decrement temp until zero */ {temp--; if (temp != 0) { buffer[1] |= 0x80; buffer[2] |= 0x80; } else( flag1 &= ~0x04); } }
keyexe() { if (key != -1) { if ((flag1 & 0x80) == 0) /* within 0.5 sec after 1st press the following execution is not allowed */ { flag1 |= 0x80; delay = 50;
switch(key){ case (0): /* key position 0 */ manualOnOff(); /* service key 0 */ break; case (1): /* key position 1 */ savetimeOnOff1(); /* service key 1 */ break; case (2): /* key position 2 */ setmin(); /* service key 2 */ break; case (3): /* key position 3 */ sethour(); } }
} }
sethour() { hour++; if ( hour== 24) hour = 0;
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comparetime() { if((flag1 & 0x01) != 0 ) { flag1 &= ~0x01; if(hour == onHour1 && min == onMin1) opto = 0x7f; /* clear P3.7 turning opto on */ if(hour == offHour1 && min == offMin1) opto = 0xff; /* set bit P3.7 turning opto off */ } } offmsd()
{ if (buffer[3] == 0x3f) /* if msd = '0' then put blank unstead */ buffer[3] = 0x00; }
pause(j) int j; { int i; for (i = 0; i < j; i++) ; } V- MA FILE HEX CUA NO -SAU KHI A C BIEN DCH Neu cac ban ranh roi th hay go y nguyen ma HEX nay trong NotePad roi lu lai vi uoi la .HEX e nap cho 89c2051 hoac ban co the ti phong Photo B1 trng h.Bach Khoa e lay file nay ve nap chay th ( toi co chep san trong a mem 1,44Mb). :0300000002000EED :0300030002019F58 :20000B0002019675811FD2AFD2A91201A280FE12001B80FBC82581C822C92 581C97A002224 :20002B00D083D082CF2581F581CFC082C08322CF2581F581CF22FBE493CB2 2FCE493FB7492 :20004B000193CC22FAE493F9740193CA2229F9E5F03AFA227C00CB30E7011 CCB2275F0009B :20006B0030E70215F022FDE493FF7401934F7004A3A3800C740293B505107 40393B5F00A99 :20008B00E493C0E0740193C0E022A3A3A3A380D7FEEBA4FD8EF0ECA4FCEB8 EF0A4C5F02C0F :2000AB002DC5F02211B58EF0ED22C002C001AAF0F97E007D007F11C3E933F 9EA33FADF0867 www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 67 - :20074B0079157A00120058E4F72205810581E4F5F078FD12001FF608A6F07 8FD12001FE684 :20076B000886F078F912001F860308860412012F701902079978FD12001FE 60886F01201A9 :20078B000818F608A6F012011680CF020780158115812278FB12001F86030 8860474807523 :2007AB00F0701200B5120120758921F58DF58B758859759852223F0C765E4 D5B7B0E7F5FAE :00000001FF V-HNH ANH CUA ONG HO BAO GI A C RUT GON ay toi ch dung hai khoa : Chnh gi va chnh phut thoi. Va toi cung bo luon phan ieu khien bong en r le, va mot vai th khong can thiet khac .
Rat n gian qua phai khong ban !? Vang ! ong ho -gi rat de lam thoi!
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- 68 - Sau ay la mo loai ong ho bao gi khac , no co the chay t phai sang trai kem theo mot dong ch rat xinh xan chang han nh bayBAY GIO LA 1:23 . Xin mi cac ban on oc v du nay trong quyen th 2 sap viet xong: Hng Dan Giao Tiep Vi X Ly Vi May Tnh trong quyen nay toi se giup ban biet cah giao tiep gia vi x ly va may tnh thong qua phan mem Visual Basic , ong thi toi cung co e cap nhieu v du mach ien rat ly thu nh May o nhiet o hien th tren Led , May o nhiet o hien th tren May Tnh , Lam bang en ch chay n gian , Lam bang en ch chay giao tiep vi May Tnh , Mach o ien ap giao tiep may tnh ( ay la e tai ma toi a at giai 3 trong cuoc thi sinh vien sang tao lan 1 , va nhng mach ien vi x ly khac toi se gii thieu sau , xin cac ban on oc ! Cac tai lieu lien quan cua toi xin cac ban hay en phong Photo B1- h.Bach Khoa.
VAN E 16 : www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 69 - LAM ONG HO BAO GII IEN T- Lap trnh bang ASM
* S o mach cac ban co the vao website sau e download : www.microduyphi.com
ORG 0000H SJMP MAIN ;-------------NGAT DO TIMER ORG 03H LJMP NGAT_PHUT ;-------------NGAT PHUT ORG 0BH LJMP NGAT_TIMER0 ;-------------NGAT GIO ORG 13H LJMP NGAT_GIO ;-------------VAO PRO MAIN MAIN: MOV SP,#30H ; NHAP DIA CHI BAT DAU CHUONG TRINH ;KHOI DONG SAU KHI BAT NGUON "TURN ON POWER" MOV 12H,#00H MOV 13H,#00H MOV 14H,#00H MOV 15H,#00H MOV 16H,#00H MOV 17H,#00H
MOV IE,#10000111B ;KHOI TAO NGAT CHO PHEP INT0_INT1_TO
MOV P0,#11011111B MOV A,12H ;KIEM TRA -DE TAT MO LED CH CJNE A,#0,MOLED_CH ; Neu CH khac 0 thi Nhay den MOLED_CH ; Neu CH la 0 thi tat led CH MOV P2,#0ffh ; Xoa Led CH khi no la so:"0" LCALL DELAY1 MOV P2,#0ffh ;Chong Nhieu LJMP THOAT_HIENTHI
;********************************************* BANG_MA_LED: DB 10000000B;0 DB 11001111B DB 00100100B DB 00000110B DB 00001011B DB 00010010B DB 00010000B DB 11000111B DB 00000000B DB 00000010B;9
END
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- 73 - VAN E 17: GIAO TIEP 89C51 VI MA TRAN PHM 4X4 VA HIEN TH TREN LED 7 SEG
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XUAT1: MOV A,#11111110B MOV P1,A www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 76 - RL A RET XUAT2: MOV A,#01111111B MOV P1,A RR A RET
DELAY: MOV TH0,#HIGH(-50000) MOV TL0,#LOW(-50000) SETB TR0 JNB TF0,$ CLR TR0 CLR TF0 RET BANGMALED: DB 11000000B ;SO 0 DB 11001111B ;SO 1 DB 01100100B ;SO 2 DB 01000110B ;SO 3 DB 01001011B ;SO 4 DB 01010010B ;SO 5 DB 01010000B ;SO 6 DB 11000111B ;SO 7 DB 01000000B ;SO 8 DB 01000010B ;SO 9 DB 01000001B ;CHU A DB 01011000B ;CHU B DB 11110000B ;CHU C DB 01001100B ;CHU D DB 00110000B ;CHU E DB 00110001B ;CHU F END
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- 77 - VAN E 18: GIAO TIEP ADC0809 LAM BO O IEN AP: 0 5V
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;P1+P2 XUAT LED 7 DOAN ;P0 CHON NGO VAO VA DIEU KHIEN QUA TRINH BIEN DOI ADC ;P3 NHAN DATA ORG 00H MOV TMOD,#01H
MAIN: ACALL CONGVAO BATDAU: ACALL START ACALL LAYDATA ACALL HIENTHI LJMP BATDAU ;*********************** CONGVAO: CLR P0.0 CLR P0.1 CLR P0.2 RET ;============================================================== ;QUA TRINH BIEN DOI BAT DAU KHI CO CANH XUONG O TREN CHAN START START: SETB P0.4 NOP NOP NOP CLR P0.4 ;DOI 100US DE QUA TRINH BIEN DOI XONG CALL DELAY120US RET ;============================================================== LAYDATA: MOV A,P3 RET ;============================================================== HIENTHI: MOV B,#51 DIV AB ;MAXIMUM A=5 ;LUU HANG TRAM MOV R2,A MOV A,B ;CHIA TIEP MOV B,#10 DIV AB ;LUU CHUC MOV R3,A ;LUU TRAM MOV R4,B ;A=SE GIU GIA TRI HANG TRAM ;B SE GIU GIA TRI HANG CHUC www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 78 - ;R2=GIU GIA TRI HANG DON VI ;========================== XUAT_TRAM: MOV DPTR,#BANG MOV A,R2 MOVC A,@A+DPTR ;DAU CHAM ANL A,#10111111B MOV P2,A MOV P1,#01111111B CALL DELAY ;-------------------------- XUAT_CHUC: MOV DPTR,#BANG MOV A,R3 MOVC A,@A+DPTR MOV P2,A MOV P1,#10111111B CALL DELAY
RET ;************************************************************ DELAY: MOV TH0,#HIGH(-5000) MOV TL0,#LOW(-5000) SETB TR0 JNB TF0,$ CLR TR0 CLR TF0 RET
;************************************************************* BANG: DB 11000000B ;SO 0 DB 11001111B ;SO 1 DB 01100100B ;SO 2 DB 01000110B ;SO 3 DB 01001011B ;SO 4 DB 01010010B ;SO 5 DB 01010000B ;SO 6 DB 11000111B ;SO 7 DB 01000000B ;SO 8 DB 01000010B ;SO 9 END
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- 79 - VAN E 19: NG DUNG 89C51 LAM MACH BAO GI VA NHIET O (DUNG CAM BIEN LM35+ ADC0809)
* S o mach cac ban co the vao website sau e download : www.microduyphi.com ;************************************************************************* ; DESIGN & PROGRAM BY : LE DUY PHI ; ; THIS IS A PROJECT WHICH I DESIGN FOR MY FREIND"DIEN DAN SINH VIEN" ; ; COMPLETED :15-01-2005 ; ;************************************************************************* ;CHU Y: O DAY MINH DUNG SENSOR LM35 ; 89C51 + ADC0809 + LED 7SEG - ANOD COMM ; ; PLEASE DO NOT QUESTION ME ABOUT WHAT YOU HAVE SEEN HERE ; EVERYTHING IS VERY VISIBLE ,SO YOU TRY TO READ IT IF YOU DO'NOT UNDERSTAND ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;R0 : DEM 10S HTHI GIO- 3 S HIEN THI TEMPRATURE ;R1 ;R2 : BIEN DEM 0--100 <=> 1S ;R3 ;R4 ;R5 : BIEN CAP NHAT TEM VALUE AFTER 100 TIMES ;R6 ;R7 : DELAY ;----------------------------- ;12H--13H--14H--15H--16H--17H ;CH DCH CP DVP CG DVG ;----------------------------- ;20H-------21H--22H--23H---24H ; HUNDER 2 7 * C ;----------------------------- ;--CO CHO BIET BAO GIO HOAC NHIET DO ;FL_HOR_TEM =0 : BAO GIO ;FL_HOR_TEM =1 : BAO NHIET DO ;----------------------------------- FL_HOR_TEM BIT 24H.0 ;-----------------------------------
ORG 0000H SJMP MAIN ;-------------NGAT DO TIMER ORG 0BH LJMP NGAT_TIMER0 ;-------------VAO PRO MAIN MAIN: www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 80 - MOV SP,#30H ; NHAP DIA CHI BAT DAU CHUONG TRINH ;KHOI DONG SAU KHI BAT NGUON "TURN ON POWER" ;------------------------------------------------------ ; vung Ram luu tru: hh:mm:ss ;------------------------------------------------------ MOV 12H,#00H MOV 13H,#00H MOV 14H,#00H MOV 15H,#00H MOV 16H,#00H MOV 17H,#00H ;------------------------------------------------------ ; vung Ram luu tru Temprature :27*C ;------------------------------------------------------ MOV 20h,#00h MOV 21h,#00h MOV 22h,#00h MOV 23h,#00h
;------------------------------------------------------ ; THIET LAP MAC DINH FL_HOR_TEM=0 LA HIEN THI GIO ;------------------------------------------------------ CLR FL_HOR_TEM ;FL_HOR_TEM=0 ;--------LAY TEM LAN DAU TIEN------------------------- CALL CON_ADC MOV R5,#0
MOV P2,A LCALL DELAY1 mov p2,#0ffh ;Chong Nhieu ;LED6 MOV P0,#11011111B MOV A,12H ;KIEM TRA -DE TAT MO LED CH CJNE A,#0,MOLED_CH ; Neu CH khac 0 thi Nhay den MOLED_CH ; Neu CH la 0 thi tat led CH MOV P2,#0ffh ; Xoa Led CH khi no la so:"0" LCALL DELAY1 MOV P2,#0ffh ;Chong Nhieu LJMP THOAT_HIENTHI
;---- MOLED_CH-------- MOLED_CH: MOVC A,@A+DPTR www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
KIEM_TRA1S: ;-----KIEM TRA XEM DU 1s CHUA ?------------- CJNE R2,#100,KET_THUC
MOV R2,#00H ;------------------------PROCESS TEMPRATURE------------------------------------------------- INC R0 CJNE R0,#10,R0_BY_13 ; IF R0<>10 THEN JUMPER TO TEST IT BY 13 ? SETB FL_HOR_TEM ; ELSE R0=10 THEN SET FLAG=1 FOR HTHI TEMPRATURE LJMP CONT_UPDATE_NO_HT ; TIEP TUC CAP NHAT NHUNG KHONG HIEN THI GIA TRI GIO R0_BY_13: CJNE R0,#13,CONT_UPDATE_NO_HT ; IF R0=13 THAT MEAN IS "TEMPRATURE DISPLAY IN 3S" CLR FL_HOR_TEM ; AFTER 3S IT WILL RE_DISPLAY VALUE OF HOUR ; SO WE MUST RESET VALUE OF FLAG = 0 MOV R0,#0 ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CONT_UPDATE_NO_HT: INC 17H MOV A,17H CJNE A,#10,KET_THUC MOV 17H,#00 INC 16H MOV A,16H CJNE A,#6,KET_THUC MOV 16H,#00 INC 15H MOV A,15H CJNE A,#10,KET_THUC www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 84 - MOV 15H,#00 INC 14H MOV A,14H CJNE A,#6,KET_THUC MOV 14H,#00 INC 13H MOV A,13H CJNE A,#03,TANG_DVH_LEN_10 ;--NEU LA 3 THI KTRA TIEP---- MOV A,12H CJNE A,#01,KET_THUC ; DUNG DVH LA 3 VA CH KHONG LA 1 THI NHAY TOI CP DE CP=0 MOV 12H,#00H MOV 13H,#01H LJMP KET_THUC ;----TANG DVH LEN 10 KHI NO KHONG PHAI LA S0 3---------- TANG_DVH_LEN_10: CJNE A,#10,KET_THUC MOV 13H,#00 INC 12H
KET_THUC: RET ;***************************************************************
RETI ;******************************************************* ; TEST_PHIM: JB P3.3,PHIM2 CALL NGAT_PHUT www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
;********************************************* CON_ADC: ;*********************** CHON_NGO_VAO: CLR P3.4 CLR P3.5 CLR P3.6 BATDAU_ADC: ACALL START ACALL LAYDATA ACALL CHUYEN_DOI RET ;============================================================== ;QUA TRINH BIEN DOI BAT DAU KHI CO CANH XUONG O TREN CHAN START START: SETB P3.7 NOP NOP NOP CLR P3.7 ;DOI 100US DE QUA TRINH BIEN DOI XONG CALL DELAY120US RET www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2
- 87 - ;============================================================== LAYDATA: MOV A,P1 RET ;============================================================== CHUYEN_DOI:
MOV B,#51 DIV AB ; ------LUU HANG TRAM------- MOV 20H,A MOV A,B ;CHIA TIEP MOV B,#10 DIV AB ;-------LUU CHUC------------- MOV 21H,A ;-------LUU TRAM-------------- MOV 22H,B ; ;20H = SE GIU GIA TRI HANG TRAM ;21H = SE GIU GIA TRI HANG CHUC ;22H = GIU GIA TRI HANG DON VI ;==========================
RET ;********************************************* BANG_MA_LED: DB 11000000B;0 DB 11001111B DB 01100100B DB 01000110B DB 01001011B DB 01010010B DB 01010000B DB 11000111B DB 01000000B DB 01000010B;9 END www.microduyphi.com duyphi@yahoo.com - Tel:0909.371.471 Tai ban lan th 2