EnergyMethod Energy Method

W PotentialEnergyV =Wy =U Potential Energy Vg= Wy = U

dV = 0 Equilibrium d d 2V d 2V d 2V > 0 stable; 2 < 0 unstable; 2 = 0 neutral d 2 d d

y2 y1

Asystemisinequilibriumwhenitsenergyderivativesarezero. Theequilibriumisstablewhenitssecondderivativeispositive. Theequilibriumisunstablewhenitssecondderivativeisnegative. q g Theequilibriumisneutralwhenitssecondderivativeiszero.

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Stableequilibrium Stable equilibrium

Thesystemrestoresitspositionwhenperturbed. V=WL(1cos)
dV = W L s in d dV = 0 d =0

Hence,eqm

d 2V = W L cos 2 d d 2V > 0 Hence,stable 2 146 d =0

AbhijitMukherjee,ThaparUniversity,Patiala 146

Unstableequilibrium Unstable equilibrium

Thesystemdoesnotrestoreequilibriumwhenperturbed. V=WL(cos1)
dV = W L s in d dV = 0 d =0

Hence,eqm Hence eqm

d 2V = W L co s d 2 d 2V Hence,unstable < 0 147 d 2 =0

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Neutralequilibrium
Thesystemremainsinequilibriuminperturbedstate. V=0
dV = 0 d dV = 0 d =0 d 2V = 0 d 2 d 2V = 0 d 2 =0

Hence,eqm

Hence,neutral

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Example1 Example 1
Determinetheconditionofstabilityoftherocker. y
R(Rh)cos

W h V=W(Rh)(1cos)

dV = ( R h) sin = 0 sin = 0; = 0 d

Or,Rh=0;R=hsphere;sa sesforall. , ; p ;
d 2V = ( R h) cos > 0 cos > 0;0 < / 2 2 d

R>hstable;R<hunstable;R=hneutralequilibrium
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Elasticenergy Elastic energy

W kx W=kx dVe=Wdx=kx dx Ve=kx dx=kx2/2 kx dx kx
W W

W B

Vg=Wyc Ve=k(xB)2/2 yc=lcos xB=2lsin V=V V Vg+Ve=Wl cos+k(2l sin)2/2 Wl cos+k(2lsin) dV = Wl sin + 4kl 2 sin cos d l sin (4kl cos W ) = 0 Foreqm.=0;=cos For eqm =0; =cos1W/(4kl)
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AbhijitMukherjee,ThaparUniversity,Patiala