TIU CHUN VIT NAM TCVN 5019 1989

THIT B AXETYLEN YU CU AN TON C quan bin son: C quan ngh ban hnh: Vin nghin cu khoa hc k thut Bo h lao ng Tng Lin on lao ng Vit Nam C quan trnh duyt: C quan xt duyt v ban hnh: y ban Khoa hc v k thut Nh nc Quyt nh ban hnh s: 709/Q ngy 27 thng 12 nm 1989 THIT B AXETYLEN Yu cu an ton Acetilene instalations Safety requirements Tiu chun ny qui nh cc yu cu v an ton trong thit k, ch to, th nghim, nghim thu v ng nhn i vi thit b iu ch axtylen t canxicacbua v nc, bo hnh, lm sch, lm mt, ht nc, nn v np kh axtylen vo chai; thit b tch git, c cu bo v, cc ng ng dn axtylen. Tiu chun ny khng p dng cho thit b: - Sn xut axtylen bng nguyn liu khc. - iu ch axtylen bng cc phng php ha hc khc; - Nhm mc ch nghin cu khoa hc; - iu ch kh axtylen vi lng canxicacbua t 0,5kg tr xung; - Axtylen trn cc phng tin vn ti I. YU CU CHUNG 1.1. Cn c vo p sut lm vic (Plv) cc thit b axtylen c phn thnh: Thit b h p: c p sut lm vic t 0,02MPa (0,2at) tr xung; Thit b trung p: c p sut lm vic ln hn 0,02MPa (0,2at) n 0,15 MPa (1,5at); Thit b cao p: C p sut lm vic ln hn 0,15 MPa (1,5at). 1.2. Cn c vo lng canxi cacbua np vo thit b sinh kh trong mt ln, thit b axtylen c phn thnh cc nhm: Nhm I: n 10kg canxicacbua; Nhm II: Trn 10kg canxicacbua; Tng cc Tiu chun o lng Cht lng Vin nghin cu khoa hc k thut Bo h lao ng Tng Lin on lao ng Vit Nam

1.3. Vt liu ch to thit b axtylen c chn trn c s tnh ton ti trng nhit, ti trng c hc v phi tnh ti hin tng n mn cng nh cc phn ng nguy him c th xy ra i vi cc sn phm cng ngh c s dng v c to ra trong qu trnh sn xut axtylen. 1.4. Cht lng v c tnh vt liu ch to thit b axtylen phi c c quan chuyn mn xc nhn bng vn bn. 1.5. i vi phng php hn bit, nu tnh hn ca vt liu khng r th phi xc nh tnh hn trn cc mu c th. Vic th mu phi do c quan chuyn mn tin hnh. 1.6. Khng c s dng thy ngn, manh, km, ng hoc hp kim c trn 65% ng, bc hoc hp kim bc ch to cc chi tit, b phn tip xc trc tip vi axtylen. 1.7. ng ng dn kh axtylen trung p v cao p phi ch to bng ng thp khng hn. 1.8. Vic tnh ton bn cc b phn chu p lc ca thit b sn xut, axtylen phi tin hnh ph hp vi cc qui nh trong tiu chun qui phm k thut an ton v sinh trong sn xut s dng axtylen, xy gia cng kim loi TCVN 4245-86. 1.9. Khi tnh ton bn phi tnh c ti trng ph nh khi lng bn thn, khi lng cc bnh u ni, sn thao tc, hin tng n mn trong qu trnh lm vic cng nh khi khng lm vic. 1.10. Tr s p sut tnh ton (Ptt) dng tnh bn c chn nh sau: a) i vi ng dn, ph tng ng ng h p v trung p lp trong trm: Ptt = Plv ca thit b chnh; b) i vi ng dn, ph tng ng ng h p v trung p lp ngoi trm: Ptt = 10Plv + 1MPa; c) i vi thit b, ng ng v ph tng ng ng cao p: Ptt = 10Plv nhng khng nh hn 2,5MPa (25kg/ cm2). d) i vi thit b ht nc, xi lanh my nn: Ptt = 10Plv + 1MPa. Nu cc thit b ht nc c trang b mng an ton: Ptt 2Plv 1.11. ng sut vt liu lm thnh cc chi tit, b phn tip xc vi mi cht b t nng phi chn theo nhit ln nht ca mi cht; 1.12. ng knh trong ca cc ng cao p khng c ln hn 25 mm. 1.13. Thit b axtylen v cc b phn chu p lc ca n ch c php ch to nhng c s c giy php ca B hoc Tng cc trc thuc Hi ng B trng (nu l x nghip trung ng), ca y ban nhn dn tnh, c khu hoc thnh ph (nu l x nghip a phng) sau khi c s tha thun ca B Lao ng, Thng binh v X hi. 1.14. Thit b in t trong cc vng nguy him n ca trm axtylen phi tha mn cc yu cu phng n. 2. YU CU I VI THIT B SINH KH 2.1. Kt cu ca thit b sinh kh phi m bo thi hn hp axtylen khng kh c trong thit b trc khi bt u vn hnh hoc sau khi np liu. 2.2. Thit b sinh kh phi c c cu t ng iu chnh lng kh sinh ra ph thuc vo nhu cu s dng kh. 2.3. Kt cu ca thit b sinh kh phi m bo loi tr kh nng xut hin p sut v nhit c th gy nn cc phn ng ta nhit nhanh km theo s phn r v trng hp trong khi thit b ang lm vic.

2.4. Nhit ln nht cho php ca nc trong thit b sinh kh l 353oK (80oC), ca axtylen trong bung sinh kh kiu t l 373oK (100oC), ca axtylen u ra ca thit b sinh kh kiu kh l 383oK (110oC), ca axtylen trong bung sinh kh ca thit b sinh kh kiu kh 393oK (120oC). 2.5. Trong tnh ton nhit xc nh dung tch nc ca thit b sinh kh th ly nhit nc u vo v nhit mi trng xung quanh l 298oK (25oC). 2.6. Kt cu ca thit b sinh kh phi m bo tip cn xem xt ton b bn trong v bn ngoi lm v sinh v phc v k thut. Thit b sinh kh phi c ca quan st theo di v kim tra trong qu trnh vn hnh. 2.7. Thit b sinh kh phi c c cu bo v hn ch s n ca hn hp axtylen khng kh hoc axtylen oxy v phng nga oxy hoc khng kh thm nhp vo trong thit b sinh kh theo ng ly kh ra. 2.8. Kt cu ca thit b sinh kh phi loi tr s hnh thnh tia la do ma st hoc va p trong qu trnh lm vic. 2.9. Thit b sinh kh thuc nhm II v thit b i km phi c ng ct ly mu. 2.10. Kt cu ca thit b sinh kh phi m bo x kh thi vo ch khng gy nguy him cho ngi v thit b. 2.11. V tr lp cc c cu ngn dng kh ngc trn ng ng dn kh phi m bo tip cn d dng iu khin, kim tra v sa cha. 3. YU CU I VI THIT B TCH GIT V VAN CHN 3.1. Cc ng x ca thit b tch git phi c van chn. 3.2. Van chn phi kn p sut lm vic v p sut ln nht. 3.3. V tr lp cc van chn phi m bo ngt cc thit b v ng ng khi cn thit m bo an ton; m bo d tip cn vn hnh v sa cha. 4. YU CU I VI CM CP KH AXETYLEN BNG CHAI 4.1. Cc gin cp kh phi c c cu bo v chng ngn la tt li, chng dng kh ngc, gin p sut v phi c van chn. 4.2. Cho php u song song cc van iu p c cng lu lng v kt cu. 4.3. Sau thit b gin p phi lp van an ton. Van an ton phi m bo kh nng thot kh v khng p sut trong gin cp vt qu 0,15MPa (1,5at). Ming x kh ca van an ton phi t v tr khng c kh nng gy nguy him cho ngi v thit b. 5. YU CU I VI THIT B NN KH AXETYLEN 5.1. Thit b nn kh axtylen phi c c cu t ng ngt ng c in khi p sut u ht nh hn 40 milimet ct nc (40mm H2O), v khi p sut u y vt qu p sut cng tc ln nht cho php nhng khng vt qu 2,8 MPa (28at). 5.2. Mi cp nn phi c p k v van an ton, kh nng thot kh ca van an ton phi ph hp vi sn lng my nn. Ming thot ca ng thi kh phi t v tr khng c kh nng gy nguy him cho ngi v thit b. 5.3. Trn ng dn ra p k cp nn cui cng phi lp van ba ng kim tra p k. 5.4. Nhit kh axtylen sau mi cp nn khng c vt qu 383oK (110oC) sau thit b lm mt ca cp nn cui cng 313oK (40oC). 5.5. Trn u y ca nhit b nn kh phi lp nhit k t ghi c tip im in t ng ngt ng c in trong trng hp nhit kh axtylen tng qu tr s cho php. 5.6. Vic thng thi thit b phi thc hin trong h thng kn. 5.7. Tc dch chuyn trung bnh ca piston my nn khng c ln hn 1,5 m/s.

5.8. Thit b phi c ng ni u cc ng x kh. 5.9. Phi lp p k trn ng dn kh t thit b nn dn thit b phn phi kh. 6. YU CU I VI THIT B NP KH AXETYLEN 6.1. Thit b phi kn kht p sut ln nht. 6.2. Thit b np phi c nhng c cu c iu khin t nhng v tr khc nhau, trong c c nhng c cu t ngoi gian sn xut : X kh gim p sut khi c s c; T ng (hoc bn t ng) cp kh tr nu nh vic cp kh tr c d kin trong trng hp c s c. Trn cc ng x vi thng cha kh phi lp c cu dp la. 6.3. Thit b np, ht nc, gin np (cm cp kh axtylen bng chai) phi c cc c cu ngn la. 6.4. Ti ch du chai vo gin np phi lp van mt chiu. 6.5. Kt cu gin np phi m bo s thun tin trong thao tc (s dng) cc ng dn, ph tng ng ng m bo nh v, kp chtt v lm mt chai trong qu trnh np. 6.6. Thit b chu p lc dng axeton ha phi c tnh bn p sut 6,0MPa (60at). 6.7. B dng axeton ha cc chai phi c dng c o mc cht lng. 6.8. Trn cc thit b phn phi kh, cc ng ng chnh v ng nhnh phi lp p k (ch th v t ghi) kim tra p sut kh axtylen trong qu trnh np. 6.9. Phi tin hnh o nhit mi trng trong gian np. 7.YU CU I VI DNG C O LNG V PH TNG NG NG 7.1. Ty thuc vo qu trnh cng ngh, cc thit b chu p lc ca trm axtylen phi c cc dng c v ph tng : o p sut; X p sut d; Thng thi; o nhit . 7.2. Trn mt p k dng cho axtylen phi ch Axtylen v phi k mt vch ch s p sut lm vic cho php ca thit b. p k c ni vi thit b bng ng xi phng. ng xi phng phi lp van ba ng kim tra p k. 7.3. V tr lp p k phi m bo nhn r cc ch s trn p k. 7.4. Nhit k thy ngn v thy tinh phi c v chp bo v. 7.5. Vic lp t nhit k tc ng theo nguyn l in phi tha mn cp nguy him n ca vng v hn hp. 8. PHNG PHP TH NGHIM 8.1. Cc c s ch to thit b axtylen phi tin hnh th nghim thit b sau khi ch to. Kt qu th nghim phi ghi vo h s ti liu km theo my. Phng th nghim bt buc gm: th bn bng p lc nc;

th kn bng kh nn; kim tra cht lng mi hn; kim tra nh gi cc c cu an ton. 8.2. Ni dung v qui trnh th nghim phi tin hnh theo ng nhng qui nh trong Qui phm k thut an ton cc bnh chu p lc QPVN 2-75. 9. GHI NHN Thit b axtylen phi c nhn kim loi gn chc chn ch d nhn. Trn nhn phi c nhng s liu sau: Tn gi hoc nhn hiu hng ha ca c s ch to; Tn gi thit b hoc kiu thit b; S th t trong h thng nh s ca c s ch to; Nm ch to. Ngy thng th nghim; p sut lm vic ln nht cho php, MPa (at) Sn lng (kh nng thng thot), m3/h thit b sinh kh, ngoi cc s liu k trn cn phi c nhng s liu sau: Lng can xi cacbua cho php np trong mt ln, kg; C ht can xi-cacbua, mm; Lng kh cho php ly ra, m3/h; 10. TI LIU Trm axtylen phi c nhng ti liu sau: L lch trm theo tiu chun Qui phm k thut an ton v v sinh trong sn xut, s dng axtylen, oxy gia cng kim loi TCVN 4245-86; S nguyn l h thit b; Bn v lp c ghi kch thc lp ghp, kch thc bao v nhng chi tit chng b mi mn; Bin bn th nghim; L lch tng thit b theo qui phm k thut an ton cc bnh chu lc QPVN 2 75.