TRUNG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DN

KHOA TIN HOC KINH TE

MANG MY TNH
(TI LIEU THAM KHAO)




























H NOI 2004

NET 2
MUC LUC
(TI LIEU THAM KHAO) ............................................................................................... 1
PHAN I NHNG VN DE CO BAN VE MANG MY TNH..................................... 5
1. Cc khi nim v mang my tnh .............................................................................. 5
1.1 Khi nim v mang (Network concepts). ................................................................... 5
1.2 Ung dung cua mang my tnh trong cc t chuc........................................................ 5
1.3 Mt s yu t dc trung cua mang ............................................................................ 5
1.4 Phn loai mang my tnh. .......................................................................................... 7
2. Chun mang ............................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Chun.......................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 M hnh tham chiu.................................................................................................... 9
2.2.1 M hnh tham chiu OSI (Open System Interconnection) ...................................... 9
(OSI Reference Model) .................................................................................................... 9
2.3 M hnh tham chiu TCP/IP..................................................................................... 16
* So snh voi m hnh tham chiu OSI: ......................................................................... 18
2.4 Mt s chun mang .................................................................................................. 19
3.hnh trang mang (Network Topology) ..................................................................... 21
4. Cc thit bi lin kt mang......................................................................................... 23
4.1. Dy cp mang.......................................................................................................... 23
4.2. Vi mach mang (Network Interface Card - NIC)...................................................... 25
4.3. B tp trung (Hub)................................................................................................... 27
4.4. Chuyn mach (Switch) ............................................................................................ 27
4.5. B pht lp (Repeater)............................................................................................. 26
4.6. Cu ni (Bridge) ...................................................................................................... 28
4.7. B dn duong (Router)............................................................................................ 29
4.8. Cng kt ni (Getway) ............................................................................................ 29
5. Cc giao thc truyn trn mang (Protocol) ............................................................ 30
5.1 Khi nim................................................................................................................. 30
5.2. Cc b giao thuc ph bin ....................................................................................... 32
6. Thit k mang cuc b................................................................................................ 32
6.1. Qui tc thit k mang:.............................................................................................. 33
6.2. Phuong php thit k : ............................................................................................. 33
6.3. Mt s thit k mang ............................................................................................... 34
PHAN II HE DIEU HNH MANG NOVEL NETWARE .......................................... 39
1. Gii thiu mang NOVELL NETWARE................................................................. 39
1.1. Su pht trin cua Novell Netware............................................................................ 39
1.2. Novell Directory Services ....................................................................................... 39
2. Quan tri FILE SERVER.......................................................................................... 41
3. Ci dt mang NOVELL NETWARE...................................................................... 42
3.1. Yu cu v phn cung - phn mm......................................................................... 43

NET 3
3.2. Cc buoc ci dt: ..................................................................................................... 43
3.3. Ci dt WORK STATIONS (DOS)......................................................................... 49
3.3. Ci dt WORK STATIONS (Windows 9.X) .......................................................... 49
4. Quan tri h thng thu muc v files.......................................................................... 52
4.1. Cu trc thu muc v files cua Novell NetWare....................................................... 52
4.2. Thit k h thng thu muc v FILES ...................................................................... 53
4.3. Quyn han................................................................................................................ 54
4.4. Thuc tnh................................................................................................................ 55
5. Quan tri USER V GROUP..................................................................................... 56
5.1. Quan tri USER......................................................................................................... 57
5.2. Quan tri GROUP ..................................................................................................... 61
5.3. Quan tri USER ACCOUNT .................................................................................... 62
5.4. Thao tc voi USER ACCOUNT ............................................................................ 63
6. LOGIN SCRIPTS .................................................................................................... 64
6.1. Khi nim: ............................................................................................................... 64
6.2. Khoi tao LOGIN SCRIPT....................................................................................... 65
6.3. Cc lnh h thng trong LOGIN SCRIPT.............................................................. 66
7. Quan tri dich vu in trn mang ................................................................................. 67
7.1.Tng quan v cng vic in trn mang (DOS client) ................................................. 67
7.2. Ci dt PRINT SERVER , ci dt my in, ci dt PRINT QUEUE,...................... 68
7.3. O work station : ni my in voi mang.................................................................... 69
7.4. T chuc my in PRINT SERVER.......................................................................... 69
8. Mt s lnh co ban cua Novell Netware.................................................................. 70
PHAN III HE DIEU HNH MANG WINDOWS 2000................................................ 76
1. Tng quan v Microsoft windows 2000 .................................................................. 76
1.1. Windows 2000 Server ............................................................................................. 76
1.2. Activate Directory (AD).......................................................................................... 77
1. 3. Dia chi trong giao thuc TCP/IP............................................................................. 79
2. Ci dt WINDOWS 2000 SERVER........................................................................ 80
2.1. Mt s vn d chung................................................................................................ 80
2.2. Ci dt windows 2000 server .................................................................................. 81
2.3. Ci dt Activate Directory....................................................................................... 85
2.4. Hiu chinh cc tham s............................................................................................ 89
2.5. Co so du liu Registry............................................................................................. 91
3. Quan tri USER v GROUP ..................................................................................... 94
3.1. Khi nim user v group.......................................................................................... 94
3.2. Khi nim quyn han............................................................................................... 98
3.3. Thit k h thng user v group ........................................................................... 100
3.4. Tao user v group .................................................................................................. 101
3.5. Login Script ........................................................................................................... 105
4. Quan tri h thng thu muc v files........................................................................ 106
4.1 Cu trc thu muc cua Windows 2000 .................................................................... 106

NET 4
4.2 Thit k h thng thu muc cho nguoi dng............................................................ 107
4.3 Quan l quyn truy cp........................................................................................... 107
4.4 Cp pht han ngach dia (quota) ............................................................................. 111
5. Ci dt client, Truy nhp vo mang...................................................................... 113
5.1. H diu hnh DOS................................................................................................. 113
5.2. H diu hnh WINDOWS 9X............................................................................... 116
5.3. Truy nhp vo Workstation khc trong mang (mang ngang hng) ....................... 118
6. Quan tri phuong tin luu tr................................................................................ 118
6.1. Mt s khi nim.................................................................................................. 118
6.2. Quan l dia cung.................................................................................................... 120
7. Quan tri dich vu in n trn mang.......................................................................... 121
7.1. Nguyn l in n trn windows 2000 :.................................................................... 121
7.2. Mt kiu cu hnh in trn mang:............................................................................ 122
8. Quan tri sao luu d liu.......................................................................................... 125
8.1. Khi nim.............................................................................................................. 125
8.2. Sao luu h thng.................................................................................................... 125
8.3. Sao luu du liu...................................................................................................... 126
9. Mt s dich vu mang cua Windows 2000.............................................................. 127
9.1. Giao thuc cu hnh my dng (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol -DHCP). 127
9.2. Domain Name System (DNS) ............................................................................... 130
10. Tch hop Novell Netware vi Windows 2000 ..................................................... 133
X.1. Kha nng lin kt voi Novell Netware ................................................................. 134
10.2. Gn kt voi NWLink ........................................................................................... 134
10.3. Cu hnh dich vu cng ni cho Novell ................................................................ 134
11. Mt s tin ch....................................................................................................... 136
T DIEN THUAT NG................................................................................................ 139
TI LIEU THAM KHAO.............................................................................................. 144

NET 5

PHAN I
NHNG VAN DE CO BAN VE MANG MY TNH
1. CC KHI NIEM VE MANG MY TNH
1.1 Khi nim v mang (Network concepts).
Mang my tnh l tp hop cc my tnh v cc thit bi duoc lin kt voi nhau
thng qua duong truyn vt l hoc lgc (mi truong truyn thng
communication medium) v tun theo nhung qui tc truyn thng no d goi l
mang my tnh.
Mang my tnh duoc thit lp d c th chia se cc ti nguyn mang.
Duong truyn (mi truong truyn thng) dng d truyn dn tn hiu din tu
(electronic signal). Duong truyn c th l huu tuyn hoc v tuyn.
- Cc qui tc truyn thng l co so d cc my tnh c th lin lac duoc voi
nhau.
- Ti nguyn mang bao gm: thit bi phn cung, du liu v ung dung.
- Chu th lm vic trn h thng mang: con nguoi

1.2 Ung dung cua mang my tnh trong cc t chc.
Mang duoc su dung chu yu d chia se, dng chung ti nguyn, v giao tip
truc tuyn.
Chia se thit bi ngoai vi (devices): dia mang, my in, modem, v mt s
thit bi khc c th duoc ci dt trn mang d moi nguoi c th dng chung cc
thit bi ny.
Chia se du liu (Data): cc my trn mang du c th cp nht v khai thc
thng tin tu my chu dng chung trn h thng mang.
Chia se file (file sharing): cc my tnh trn mang c th chia se vic su dung
cc file voi nhau.
Chia se cc ung dung: c th ci dt cc ung chay trn mang d c th khai
thc tu nhiu my trn mang hoc thit lp cc ung dung lm vic theo nhm
trn mang.
H ho giao tip (lin lac) trn mang: chng han nhu gui nhn thng dip
(message), tn gu (chat - instant message), thu din tu (e-mail); reminder,
schedule,
Quan l tp trung v bao mt ti nguyn.


1.3 Mt s yu t dc trung cua mang
Duong truyn:
L phuong tin dng d truyn tn hiu din tu (electric signal) giua cc nt
mang, cc tn hiu ny l thng tin duoc biu thi duoi dang cc xung nhip. Ty

NET 6
theo diu kin k thut nguoi ta c th su dung cc loai duong truyn khc nhau,
c hai kiu duong truyn:
- Duong truyn huu tuyn: Cc nt mang duoc ni voi nhau truc tip bng dy
cp kim loai hoc cp quang (fibre optic).
- Duong truyn v tuyn: Cc nt mang duoc ni voi nhau thng qua cc thit
bi diu ch/giai diu ch (modulation and demodulation) v truyn tn hiu
qua sng v tuyn.
Kin trc mang (network architecture)
Kin trc mang my tnh (network architecture) th hin cch thuc ni cc
my tnh, thit bi mang voi nhau v tp hop cc quy tc, quy uoc m tt ca cc
thuc th tham gia truyn thng trn mang phai tun theo d dam bao cho mang
hoat dng tt.
Kin trc mang bao gm ton b nhung thit k v nn tang cua mang.
Khi ni dn kin trc cua mang nguoi ta mun ni toi hai vn d l hnh
trang mang (Network topology) v giao thuc mang (Network protocol).
- Network Topology: Cch thuc kt ni cc my tnh voi nhau v mt hnh hoc
m ta goi l topo cua mang. Cc hnh trang mang co ban d l: hnh sao, hnh
bus, hnh vng.
- Network Protocol: Tp hop cc quy uoc truyn thng giua cc thuc th
truyn thng m ta goi l giao thuc (hay nghi thuc) cua mang. Cc b giao
thuc thuong gp nht l: TCP/IP, NETBIOS, IPX/SPX, . . .

H diu hnh mang
H diu hnh mang l mt phn mm h thng mang (Network Operating
System) lm nhim vu quan l cc lung thng tin vo ra, kim tra v pht hin
sai st cua thit bi, quan l v phn chia ti nguyn, quan l h thng tp tin, thi
hnh ch d bao mt.
Cc chuc nng chnh cua h diu hnh mang:
+ Quan l nguoi dng v cc cng vic trn h thng: H diu hnh dam bao
giao tip giua nguoi su dung voi cc chuong trnh ung dung, giua cc ung dung
voi thit bi cua h thng.
+ Cung cp cc dich vu mang (network services) v cc tin ch (utilities)
cho vic khai thc h thng.
+ Bao mt h thng mang.
Cc h diu hnh mang thng dung hin nay l: Windows NT, Windows
2000, Unix (Sco Unix, Digial Unix, Sun Solaris), Linux (Redhat linux, Debian
Linux,..), Novell netware.

My chu mang(Server) v my tram (Workstation)
- Server: My chu mang thuong l mt my tnh c cu hnh du manh, duoc
ci dat h diu hnh mang cng voi cc dich vu mang (network services) v

NET 7
cc tin ch d lm nhim vu cung cp ti nguyn, dich vu mang toi nguoi su
dung v quan l mang (network supervising).
- Workstation: my thnh vin trn mang thuong duoc nguoi su dung dng d
khai thc cc ti nguyn v dich vu mang.

1.4 Phn loai mang my tnh.
* Phn loai mang theo pham vi ni my:
- Mang LAN (Local Area Network): L mt mang my tnh o quy m nho kt
ni cc my tnh trong pham vi mt vn phng, co quan hoc truong hoc (c
bn knh c vi trm mt dn vi km), mang ny thuong c tc d truyn
thng lon. N cn duoc goi l mang cuc b.
- Mang MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): L mt mang duoc ci dat trong
pham vi mt d thi hay trumg tm kinh t x hi (bn knh khoang 100km).
- Mang WAN (Wide Area Network): L mt mang my tnh din rng c
pham vi bao trm mt quc gia hay luc dia.
- Mang GAL (Global Area Network): Mt mang ton cu, kt ni cc h thng
mang trn ton cu.
* Phn loai mang theo cch thuc khai thc/chia se du liu
+ Mang ngang hng (Peer-to-Peer): Tt ca cc my tnh trong mang du c vai
tr nhu nhau v tt ca du c th chia se ti nguyn voi nhau.
Cc h diu hnh duoc su dung trong mang ngang hng nhu:
- Windows for workgroup (Windows 3.11).
- Lantastic Antisoft
- Windows 98/ME/2K/XP
+ Mang phn quyn (Client/Server): Tt ca cc my tnh trong mang (my
khch Client) du khai thc v chia se ti nguyn thng qua mt my chu
phuc vu (Server).
Cc h diu hnh mang phn quyn (client/server) ph bin nhu:

- Novell NetWare (2.x / 3.x / 4.x /5.x/6.x).
- Win dows NT , Windows 2000

* Phn loai theo cch thuc ni my
+ Dim dim (point to point)
+ Quang b (broadcast)
* Phn loai theo phuong thuc chuyn mach
+ Chuyn mach knh (Circuit Switching Network)
+ Chuyn mach thng dip (Message Switching Network)
+ Chuyn mach gi (Packet Switching Network)

2. CHUAN MANG
2.1 Chun

NET 8
2.1.1 Khi nim
Trong cng nghip truyn thng, tu lu cc chun d duoc chp nhn nhu
l yu cu cn thit d quan l cc dc tnh v thu tuc, din tu v vt l cua
thit bi truyn thung. qua d cho php cc thit bi tuong tc voi nhau.
- Cc uu dim cua vic xy dung v tun theo chun:
o Dam bao cho mt thi truong rng lon cho cc thit bi v phn mm.
o Cho php cc san phm cua cc nh cung cp khc nhau truyn
thng duoc voi nhau
- Cc nhuoc dim:
o Khng thay di cng ngh (Freeze technology)
o C th c nhiu chun cho cung mt loai thit bi.

Cc t chuc quc t chnh, quan trong trong vic xy dung v dua ra cc
chun :
- Internet Society
- ISO
- ITU-T (formally CCITT)

ISO (International Standards organization): l t chuc tiu chun quc t lm
vic duoi su bao tro cua Lin hop quc voi cc thnh vin l cc co quan tiu
chun quc gia, trong ISO duoc chia thnh cc uy ban k thut phu trch cc
linh vuc khc nhau. Cc cng trnh chun ha sau khi duoc ISO biu quyt
thng qua s duoc cng b nhu tiu chun quc t chnh thuc (International
Standard - IS).

CCITT (Commite Consultatif International pour le Telegraphe et la Telephone):
T chuc tu vn quc t v din tn v din thoai, lm vic duoi su bao tro
cua Lin hop quc voi cc thnh vin l co quan buu chnh vin thng cua
cc quc gia hoc cc hng xuyn quc gia. Cc tiu chun cua CCITT duoc
coi l cc khuyn nghi. CCITT d ban hnh khuyn nghi loai V: lin quan
dn vn d truyn du liu, loai X: lin quan dn cc mang truyn du liu
cng cng ...

Su tn tai cua ca hai t chuc giai thch cho su giao thoa giua cc chuc nng
xu l v truyn tin trong cc ung dung vin thng-tin hoc.

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Vin k thut din tu,
mt t chuc dua ra cc chun cu th cua mang.

ANSI (American National Standards Institute): l t chuc cua cc nhm doanh
nghip v cng nghip M, chuyn pht trin cc tiu chun thuong mai v
truyn thng: m, bang chu ci, luoc d tn hiu.

NET 9

Common Open Software Environment (COSE): Mi truong chung cho phn
mm mo

Open Software Foundation (OSF): co so phn mm mo

SQL Access Group (SAG): Nhm truy cp ngn ngu hoi c cu trc

Object Management Group (OMG): nhm quan l di tuong

Corporation for Open Systems (COS): tp don cc h mo

Electronics Industries Association (EIA): Hip hi cc ngnh cng nghip din
tu

2.1.2 Qui luat v tin trnh lin lac
Cc mang du dua vo nhiu qui lut d trao di thng tin. Mt s quy trnh
duoc cc mang chun diu hnh nhu sau:
- Qui trnh d ni v ct lin lac
- Tn hiu d trnh by du liu trn phuong tin truyn thng.
- Loai tn hiu duoc dng.
- Phuong php truy cp d chuyn tip mt tn hiu lin lac.
- Phuong php truyn truc tip mt thng dip gui toi noi dn.
- Thu tuc dng d kim sot tc d truyn du liu.
- Phuong php dng cho my din ton khc loai lin lac duoc voi nhau.
- Cc cch bao dam cho thng dip duoc nhn dng cch

2.2 M hnh tham chiu
Nm 1978 t chuc tiu chun quc t ISO d ban hnh tp hop dc dim k
thut m ta kin trc mang dnh cho vic kt ni nhung thit bi khng cng
chung loai. Ban du ti liu ny p dung cho nhung h thng mo voi nhau do
chng c th dng chung giao thuc v tiu chun d trao di thng tin. Vo nm
1984, ISO d pht hnh ban sua di m hnh ny v goi l m hnh tham chiu
mang h mo OSI (Open Systems Interconnection)

2.2.1 M hnh tham chiu OSI (Open System Interconnection)
(OSI Reference Model)
M hnh tham chiu OSI: M hnh ny l mt khung m cc tiu chun lp
mang khc nhau c th khop vo. N dinh r cc mt no cua hoat dng cua
mang c th nhm dn boi cc tiu chun mang khc nhau. M hnh OSI c 7
tng, hai tng dy l cc tng c tc dng thuc t nht trn cc mang nho. Cc
tiu chun mang nhu Ethernet v Tonken Ring l cc tiu chun tng 1 v tng
2. Cc tng cao hon trong m hnh OSI khng tao ra cc tiu chun ph bin.

NET 10




























Lin lac giua cc tng ngang hng

Tng thu i cua mt my tnh s hi thoai voi tng thu i cua mt my khc.
Cc qui tc v qui uoc duoc dng trong vic hi thoai d duoc goi l giao
thc (protocol) cua muc i.
Giua mi cp tng k nhau tn tai mt giao din (interface) xc dinh cc
thao tc v cc dich vu m tng duoi cung cp cho tng trn.
Mi tng s truy cp voi tng trn v duoi n thng qua cc dim truy cp
dich vu (Service Access Point -SAP).
Trong thuc t du liu khng duoc truyn truc tip tu tng thu i cua cua my
ny sang tng thu i cua my khc (ring tng 1 du liu truyn truc tip). Mi
tng chuyn du liu v thng tin diu khin xung tng ngay duoi n v tip tuc
cho dn tng 1. O tng 1 s c duong truyn thng vt l toi tng thp nht cua
my tuong ung v tu d du liu v thng tin diu khin lai duoc truyn nguoc
ln cc tng trn. Nhu vy o cc tng trn tng 1 s chi xc dinh cc duong
Application
(ung dung)
Presentation
(trnh by)
Session
(giao dich)
Transport
(giao vn)
Data link
(lin kt du liu)
Physical
(vt l)
Network
(mang)
7
6
5
4
3
1
2
Application
(ung dung)
Presentation
(trnh by)
Session
(giao dich)
Transport
(giao vn)
Data link
(lin kt du liu)
Physical
(vt l)
Network
(mang)
Tng H thng A H thng B
Phuong tin truyn vt l
M hnh OSI

Cc
chuc
nng
mang

Cc
chuc
nng
nguoi
su dung

NET 11
truyn LOGIC toi tng tuong ung cua cc my khc. (duong dut nt biu thi
duong truyn LOGIC, duong lin nt biu thi duong truyn vt l).

V du: Gia su c 2 my A v B cn truyn du liu cho nhau. (Gia thit du
liu duoc tao ra tai tng ung dung - tng 7 - cua my A).
Thng tin xut pht tu muc 7 cua my A chuyn toi muc 6 bao gm thng tin
cua muc 7 cng voi phn Header cua muc su. Cu nhu vy cho dn muc 1 v
duoc chuyn ra duong truyn. Thng tin nhn duoc o muc 1 cua my B duoc
kim tra phn Header cua chnh muc 1 nu dng th phn Header s duoc ct bo
v chuyn phn cn lai ln muc 2 cua my B. Nu kim tra phn Header khng
dng th s bo lai cho my A truyn lai. Qu trnh cu tip tuc nhu vy cho toi
muc 7 cua my B.

Duong truyn du liu trong OSI:




























Tng 1 (physical - vt l):
Sending
Process
Application
Network
Presentation
Transport
Data Link
Session
Physica
Actual data transmission path
Physical medium
Receiving
Process
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physica
Session
Presentation
Application
Application protocol
Presentation protocol
AH PDU
Session protocol
PH PDU
Transport
protocol
SH PDU
Network
protoc
ol
TH PDU
Data link
protocol
NH PDU
Bits
Bits DT
Data
PDU

NET 12
Tng ny khng xc dinh r phuong tin vt l nhung n vn nu r nhung
yu cu v nhung phuong tin k thut cn thit trn phuong din vt l (chng
han cc cable mang ph hop chun IEEE 802.2). Cung cp cc phuong tin
din, co hm v thu tuc d khoi dng, duy tr v huy bo cc lin kt vt l cho
php truyn cc dng du liu o dang bit.
Tng physical dinh nghia cch kt ni dy cp voi card mang, v du n dinh
r b ni c bao nhiu chn, k thut truyn no duoc dng d gui du liu ln
cp mang. Tng ny chiu trch nhim truyn du liu theo m nhi phn, n dinh
r m ha du liu v su dng b ha bit, bao dam rng khi my ngun gui bt 1,
my dch s nhn duoc bt 1.
Cc thnh phn hoat dng o tng vt l:
B chuyn tip (repeater), l mt thit bi mang n lp lai tn hiu tu mt cng
ri chuyn tip dn nhung cng khc. N khng loc hoc din giai diu g m
chi lp lai d khuych dai tn hiu truyn trn mang (Amplifiy signal khuych
dai tn hiu). Do vyh cc thit bi loai ny thuong khuch dai ca tn hiu nhiu
(noise signal) .

Tng 2 (data link - lin kt du liu):
Tng ny lm nhim vu nhn nhn du liu tu tng mang (network layer) ri
chia thnh cc khung du liu (data frame) v gui dn tng vt l (physical layer).
Tai du nhn, tng ny dng gi du liu th (chua xu l) tu tng physical thnh
tung khung du liu. Tai tng ny c thuc hin vic diu khin lung, ct/hop du
liu v pht hin sai st.
Tm lai tng data link chiu trch nhim chuyn khung du liu khng li tu
nt mang ny sang nt mang khc thng qua tng physical. Thng thuong khi
gui mt khung du liu n cho tn hiu bo nhn tu nt nhn.
Tng data link cua nt nhn s d tm bt cu vn d no c th xay ra trong
qu trnh truyn. Khung du liu no khng duoc bo nhn hoc bi hu tn trong
qu trnh truyn s bi gui tra lai.
Tng data link duoc chia lm 2 lop phu l:
- Diu khin truy nhp phuong tin (Media Access Control MAC): lop phu
MAC diu khin vic truy nhp thit bi, phuong tin truyn thng d truyn du
liu tu tng MAC cua thit bi ny sang tng MAC cua thit thi kia (chng han
card mang).
Cu th tng MAC s quan l cc thit bi mang truy cp vo mi truong truyn
thng, cung cp dia chi (MAC Address) d lin lac giua cc thit bi trn mang.
- Diu khin lin kt logic (Logical Link Control LLC): tng ny lm nhim
vu giao tip voi tng trn, kim sot lung v li, thit lp v duy tr lin kt
giua cc thuc th tham gia truyn thng.
Thnh phn hoat dng:

NET 13
Cu ni (bridge - thit bi mang tai tng lin kt du liu): Bridge lm nhim
vu chuyn cc khung du liu (data frame) tu mang ny sang mang khc (cu
ni giu cc mang). Nho vic kim tra dia chi MAC tai tng lin kt du liu
nn n c th pht hin ra dch dn cua khung du liu l nm trong mang
hay ngoi mang dua vo mt bang dia chi MAC (MAC Address table) cua
cc nt (Node) trong mang. Khi mt khung du liu dn, Bridge kim tra dia
chi dch cua khung v dua khung dn mang chua thit bi dch hoc nt dch.
Nu nt dch o cng mang voi nt ngun bridge s khng dua dn cc mang
khc. Nu cu khng tm duoc dia chi dch, n dua khung dn tt ca cc
mang tru mang ngun.

Tng 3 (network - mang):
Tng mang duoc hnh thnh nhm dam bao trao di thng tin giua cc mang
con trong mt h thng mang lon. Tng ny quyt dinh duong di cho cc gi s
liu, kha nng dinh tuyn dua trn co ch dnh dia chi thng nht m lop mang
qui dinh cho cc nt mang. Ngoi ra n cn kim sot dng du liu trn cc
tuyn d trnh tc nghn hoc mt mt thng tin. Tm lai tng ny phu trch
nhung vic sau:
- Chon duong di, cung cp dia chi.
- Kim sot li v thng luong.
- Chuyn mach v don duong.
- Chia thng tin lai thnh tung b v lua chon duong di dn dch cho tung
b khc nhau sao cho thoi gian truyn tin l ngn nht v tin cy nht.
- Hop nht cc b thng tin tai nt nhn.
Tng ny phu trch vic thit lp cc tuyn duong giua cc nt mang khc
nhau. Chnh nho tng ny m cc mang lp theo cc chun khc nhau c th lin
kt voi nhau.
* Dinh dia chi trn tng mang: Tng mang lm nhim vu dnh dia chi cc my
tham gia truyn thng trn mang. Dia chi ny chi l dia chi Logic d thay th
cho cc dia chi vt l, v trong cc mang lon vic su dung dia chi chi vt l l
khng thuc t, khng dp ung duoc yu cu truyn tin. Tng mang su dung dia
chi logic d dinh tuyn (Router) v loc bo gi tin (packet filter).
* Phn phi gi tin: Mt gi tin duoc gui tu mt phn trn mang cua my ngun
v di theo nhiu con duong khc nhau cua mang d dn my dch. Tng mang s
gim st qu trnh chon duong truyn v phn phi gi tin qua mang.
* Cc k thut chuyn mach co ban: chuyn mach knh (Circuit switching),
chuyn mach thng dip (Message switching), chuyn mach gi (Packet
switching).
+ Chuyn mach knh (Circuit switching): Khi c hai nt cn truyn thng voi
nhau th giua chng s thit lp mt knh c dinh v duy tr kt ni d cho toi
khi hai bn ngt lin lac. Cc du liu chi truyn di theo con duong c dinh d.
K thut ny cung cp cho cc thit bi mt bng tn xc dinh. Phuong php ny

NET 14
c uu dim l duong truyn thng sut, tc d n dinh. Nhung cung c cc
nhuoc dim nhu qu trnh thit lp su kt ni thit bi chm, duong truyn bi
chim giu ngay ca khi khng c du liu truyn qua dn dn lng ph duong
truyn.

+ K thut chuyn thng dip (Message switching): thng dip l mt don vi du
liu cua nguoi su dung c khun dang duoc quy dinh truoc. Mi thng dip tin
c chua cc thng tin diu khin trong d chi r dch cn truyn toi cua thng
dip. Cn cu vo thng tin diu khin ny m mi nt trung gian c th chuyn
ban tin toi nt k tip trn con duong dn toi dch cua ban tin. K thut ny c
th dng chung knh du liu d nng cao hiu sut su dung giai tn, c kha nng
luu tru ban tin dn khi c knh truyn v vy giam mt d n tc trn mang. Tuy
nhin nhuoc dim chnh cua n l khng ph hop voi cc ung dung thuc t nhu
truyn du liu,truyn thanh.
+ K thut chuyn mach gi (Packet switching): o dy ban tin hoc thng dip
duoc chia ra thnh nhiu gi nho hon duoc goi l cc gi tin (packet/diagram)
c khun dang qui dinh truoc. Mi gi tin cung chua cc thng tin diu khin,
trong d c dia chi ngun (nguoi gui) v dia chi dch (nguoi nhn) cua gi tin.
Cc gi tin cua cng mt tin bo c th duoc goi di qua mang toi dch theo
nhiu con duong khc nhau. Chuyn mach gi khng luu tru gi tin lu (v kch
thuoc packet < mesage) nn tuyn duong cua gi tin qua mang s nhanh v hiu
qua hon so voi k thut chuyn mach tin.

* Loai giao thuc: Tng mang trong m hnh OSI xc dinh dinh tuyn d cc gi
tin tu my ngun dn my dch qua nhiu mang khc nhau. Trong tng ny su
dung hai loai giao thuc co ban d truyn tin l: Giao thuc huong kt ni
(Connection Oriented ) v Giao thuc khng huong kt ni (Connectionless).
+ Giao thuc huong kt ni (Connection Oriented): Trong giao thuc bao gio cung
thit lp kt ni (Connection) truoc khi truyn s liu, tuc l giua nt dch v nt
ngun s thit lp mt lin kt logic d truyn s liu (phn phi cc mt cch
c thuc tu cc gi tin qua knh logic ny v c bo nhn d dam bao du liu dn
dch mt cch tin cy).
+ Giao thuc khng huong kt ni (Connectionless): Trong giao thuc ny vic
phn phi cc gi tin dua vo dia chi dch m khng thit lp kt ni
(connectionless) v bo nhn. (tuc l nt phn phi gi tin khng bit duoc gi
tin pht di c dn dch hay khng).

* Thnh phn hoat dng: B dinh tuyn (router) thit bi mang hoat dng tai tng
mang. B dinh tuyn tai tng mang dua vo bang dinh tuyn (routing table) d
lua chon duong di ph hop cho gi tin nhn duoc. Cc bang dinh tuyn c th
tinh (static) hoc dng (dynamic).

Tng 4 (transport - giao vn, vn chuyn):

NET 15
Trong m hnh tham chiu thuong chia ra 3 tng cao (Application,
Presentation,Session) v 4 tng thp (Transport, Network, Data link, Physical).
Cc tng thp quan tm dn vic dp ung vic truyn s liu giua cc h thng
cui (end systems) qua ohuong tin truyn thng, cn tng cao tp trung dp
ung cc yu cu cua ung dung v nguoi su dung.
Tng giao vn l tng cao nht cua nhm cc tn thp, n phu trch vic luu
chuyn thng tin trn mang mt cch trong sut di voi cc tng cao. Do d
cc tnh nng muc ny phai dam bao l:
+ Kim sot vic truyn s liu tu nt toi nt (end to end):
. Dng nht mt nt bng mt dia chi duy nht.
. Nhn bit mang v hoat dng duoc voi ca mang huong kt ni
(Connection oriented) v ca khng huong kt ni (Connectionless).
. Phai nhn bit duoc cht luong dich vu (Quality of Service QoS) cua
nguoi su dung v kha nng cung cp dich vu cua tng bn duoi.
+ Khc phuc sai st: Trong qu trnh truyn c liu c th xay ra sai st th
tng giao vn phai c kha nng khc phuc cc sai st d bng cc co ch bo
nhn v truyn lai cc gi tin (packet/diagram).
+ Ghp knh, ct/hop du liu nu cn: Khi luong du liu truyn c th lon
hoc nho, duong truyn c th nhiu hoc t, V vy tng giao vn phai c
kha nng ct/ hop du liu tai du gui/nhn v phn knh/hop knh khi cn
thit (TDM Time Division Multiplexing, FDM Frequency Division
Multiplexing).

Tng 5 (Session Tng phin):
Tng phin l tng thp nht trong cc tng cao, n dp ung cc yu cu cua
nguoi dng phuc vu cho cc ung dung trn mang thng qua cc phuong tin
truyn thng cung cp boi nhm cc tng thp.
Tng phin cho php nguoi su dung tip xc voi nhau qua mang. Do d
nhim vu chu yu l quan l cc cuc tip xc (giao dich) giua nguoi su dung
trn mang tao, duy tr hay huy bo cc cuc tip xc d. (tng ny chu yu l thit
lp giao dich giua cc ung dung trong mang).
Tng phin thit lp cc giao dich giua cc nt mang. Mt giao dich phai
duoc thit lp truoc khi truyn du liu trn mang. Tng phin phai dam bao cho
cc giao dich duoc thit lp v duy tr dng qui dinh. Khoi tao cho cc giao dich
du cui. Dng b v dng b lai vic truyn thng tin. Diu khin hi thoai.

Mt s dich vu cua tng phin:
- Thit lp mt lin kt voi mt nguoi su dung o tng phin khc, trao di du
liu voi nguoi su dung d mt cch dng b, v huy bo lin kt mt cch c
trt tu khi khng dng dn nua.
- Thuong luong v vic dng cc the bi (token) d trao di du liu, dng b
ho v huy bo lin kt, sp xp phuong thuc trao di du liu
+ Half-duplex
+ Full-duplex

NET 16
- Thit lp cc dim dng b ho trong cc hi thoai v khi xy ra su c c th
khi phuc lai vic hi thoai bt du tu mt dim dng b ho d thoa thun.
- Ngt mt hi thoai v khi phuc lai hi thoai sau d tu mt dim xc dinh
truoc.
Tng 6 (presentation - trnh by):
Tng trnh by chiu trch nhim biu din thng tin, chuyn di du liu gui
di trn mang tu mt loai biu din ny sang mt loai biu din khc. Chng han
nhu cc k thut nn du liu truoc khi truyn di, sau d nhn duoc v khi phuc
tro lai.
Tng trnh by cung l tng c th dng k thut m ho d xo trn du liu
truoc khi truyn di v giai m sau khi nhn lai nhm dam bao vic bao mt v an
ton s liu trn duong truyn.
Tng ny cung dam bao cho cc h thng cui thuyn thng duoc voi nhau
ngay ca khi chng su dung cc biu din du liu khc nhau. D lm duoc diu
d n cung cp mt biu din chung d dng trong truyn thng v cho php
chuyn di tu biu din cuc b sang biu din chung d.
Tn tai 3 dang c php thng tin duoc trao di giua cc thuc th ung
dung, d l:
+ C php dng boi thuc th ung dung Ngun
+ C php dng boi thuc th ung dung Dch
+ C php duoc dng giua cc thuc th tng trnh din.

* Dich vu cua tng Phin:
Tng phin c hai loai dich vu co ban
- Dich vu loai thu nht: dng d biu din du liu cua nguoi dng (du liu cuc
b) thnh dang du liu chung.
Cc nhim vu cua loai 1:
+ Thuong luong v c php truyn: voi mi kiu du liu nguoi dng cho
truoc, mt c php truyn duoc thuong luong.
+ Chuyn di: du liu cung cp boi nguoi su dung duoc chuyn di thnh
biu din theo c php truyn d truyn di; nguoc lai, du liu nhn duoc s
duoc chuyn di tu biu din theo c php truyn sang biu din cua nguoi
su dung.
- Dich vu loai thu hai: cho php cc thuc th ung dung c th su dung cc dich
vu tng phin d quan l hi thoai.

Tng 7 (application - ung dung):
L tng cao nht cua m hnh OSI, tng ung dung trn giai quyt cc k thut
m cc chuong trnh ung dung c th trao di voi mang.
Tng ny phuc vu truc tip cho nguoi su dung trn mang voi cc dich vu
mang v phuong tin cn thit d truy cp mi truong OSI.

2.3 M hnh tham chiu TCP/IP

NET 17
B giao thuc TCP/IP phot trin boi tru so nghion cuu coc du on cao cp
b quc phung m (DARPA) cho h thng mang chuyn mach gi. N duoc
su dung boi mang Internet ton cu (global Internet). B giao thuc TCP/IP c
th duoc xem gm cc tng sau:
o Tng ung dung (Application layer)
H tro cho cc ung dung nguoi su dung
chng han nhu : http, SMTP,
o Tng Host to Network hoc Transport (giao vn)
Dam bao vic truyn du liu tin cy
Nhn du liu theo dng thu tu truyn.
o Tng Internet (Internet layer)
Cc h thng c th kt ni duoc voi cc mang khc nhau
Cc chuc nng truyn thng xuyn sut cc mang da knh
Duoc ci dt o cc end system v router
o Tng truy cp mang (Network Access Layer)
Trao di du liu giua cc h thng du cui (end system) v
mang.
Kim sot dia chi dch.
You cu dich vu.
o Tng vt l (Physical layer)
Giao tip vt l giua cc thit bi truyn du liu v mi truong
truyn thng hoc mang.
Dc tnh cua mi truong truyn thng
Coc muc ton hiu
Tc d truyn du liu
...

Sau dy l m hnh kin tryc giao thuc TCP/IP.

NET 18



* So snh vi m hnh tham chiu OSI:
















NET 19
2.4 Mt s chun mang
2.4.1 SLIP v PPP
SLIP l mt giao thuc du tin (RFC 1055) dng d chuyn tip cc gi tin
(IP Packets) qua duong truyn quay s (Dial-up lines). Dn nay th SLIP hong
ton bi thay th boi PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol). PPP l mt giao thuc phn
tng (a layered protocol) duoc thit k d h tro vic thit lp lin kt d truy
cp mang bng quay s cho nhiu b giao thuc truyn tai khc nhau. SLIP l
giao thuc don gian hoat dng nhu o tng vt l, PPP l mt giao thuc tng
cuong hoat dng ging nhu tng vt l v tng lin kt du liu. Cc h diu hnh
cua Microsoft h tro ca SLIP v PPP o my tram nhung server chi h tro PPP.













- SLIP duoc su dung trn cc h thng cu, chi h tro giao thuc TCP/IP v chi
hoat dng trn h thng su dung dia chi IP tinh.
- PPP h tro giao thuc TCP/IP, NetBeui, IPX, AppleTalk v ca DECNet, h
tro cc giao thuc hn hop. PPP hoat dng ca trn h thng dng dia chi tinh
(static) v dng (DHCP).

2.4.2 Bo tiu chuan IEEE 802
Ho tiu chun IEEE do Vin k thut din tu dua ra, nhung tiu chun ny
huong v vic kt ni giua card giao din mang (NIC) v cc phuong tin
truyn. Nhung tiu chun ny d duoc thng qua h thng ISO, ho tiu chun
ny bao gm:









Aplication
Presentation

Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical SLIP

PPP
Mi quan h giua SLIP, PPP
v m hnh OSI
Aplication
Presentation

Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical 802.3
Mi quan h giua cc tiu chun IEEE
802 v m hnh OSI
802.4 802.5 802.6 802.9 802.11 802.12
802.1
802.10

NET 20






IEEE 802.1 (High Level Interface): Tiu chun ny di voi tng Data Link
cua m hnh OSI, dy l mt chun tng qut cho quan tri mang v cung cp cc
chun quan tri mang cho cc tiu chun 802 khc.
IEEE 802.2 (Logical Link Control): Tiu chun ny dinh nghia mt lop phu
LLC duoc su dung boi cc giao thuc tng thp hon. Cc giao thuc tng mang c
th duoc thit k dc lp trong ca tng vt l v su thuc hin o lop phu MAC,
tiu chun ny t duoc su dung..
IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD): Tiu chun ny duoc pht trin boi Digital, Intel,
Xerox, tiu chun ny dinh nghia cc tnh cht c lin quan toi tng con MAC.
Lop con MAC su dung kiu truy cp tranh chp Carrier Sense Multiple Access
with Collision Dection (CSMA/CD). K thut ny lm giam su tc dng cua
xung dt bng cch gip cho mi thit bi trong mang xc dinh duoc n c dang
o trang thi tinh hay khng, mt thit bi s thu truyn di khi no mang dang thu
dng. Khi cc thit bi truyn di, chng tip tuc xem xt rng n c d xay ra
xung dt hay khng. Khi c xung dt xay ra, tt ca cc thit bi du ngung truyn
v gui mt tn hiu jamming gip thng bo tt ca cc tram khc v su xung
dt ny. Sau d mi thit bi cho mt khoang thoi gian ngu nhin truoc khi
truyn thu lai.
IEEE 802.4 (Token Bus): Tiu chun ny dinh ra mt mang voi cc giao
thuc BUS vt l m diu khin su truy cp cc phuong tin voi mt co cu du
hiu. Tiu chun ny duoc thit k d dp ung nhu cu cua h thng tu dng
cng nghip, tiu chun ny t duoc su dung.
IEEE 802.5 (Token ring): Tiu chun ny bt ngun tu IBM, mang ny dng
cu trc ring topology v diu khin phuong tin dua theo vng
IEEE 802.6 (Metropolitan Area Network - MAN): Tiu chun ny dinh
nghia mt tiu chun MAN goi l Distributed Queue Dual-Bus (DQDB), DQDB
thch hop voi vic truyn du liu, giong ni v video. Mang ny dua vo dy cp
quang trong bus topology hai hng, kha nng tai trn mi bus du duoc diu
khin nhiu chiu, tiu chun ny t duoc su dung.
IEEE 802.7 (Broadband Technical Advisory Group): Tiu chun ny gip
giai quyt nhung giai php v bng tn rng tch hop trong mi truong mang,
tiu chun ny hin vn dang duoc pht trin.
IEEE 802.8 (Fiber Optic Technical Advisory Group): Tiu chun ny giai
quyt cc phuong php b xung k thut cp quang vo trong mi truong mang.
IEEE 802.9 (Integrated Data and Voice Networks): Tiu chun ny h tro
knh truyn bt dng b 10 Mbps cng voi knh 9664 Kbps dnh cho dng du
liu ring bit. Tiu chun ny duoc goi l Isochromous Ethernet (IsoEnet).

NET 21
IEEE 802.10 (Standards for Interoperable LAN Security): Tiu chun ny
giai quyt nhung vn d v tnh bao mt v m ha, hin dang duoc pht trin.
IEEE 802.11 (Wireless LAN): L tiu chun cho mang cuc b LAN khng
dy, Phuong thuc CSMA/CD d duoc ph chun, hin dang duoc pht trin.
IEEE 802.14: Tiu chun ny dng cho vic truyn du liu qua duong dy
cp TV, tiu chun ny vn dang duoc pht trin nhm tip cn Internet qua
duong truyn TV.
IEEE 802.3 v IEEE 802.5 media: Tiu chun ny m ta tnh nng v muc
dch cua cc phuong tin su dung trong IEEE 802.3 v IEEE 802.5. IEEE 802.2
dc lp v topology, IEEE 802.3 dua trn ethernet, IEEE 802.5 dua trn ring
topology l nhung tiu chun thng dung nht cua IEEE 802. Tiu chun IEEE
802.3 m ta cc phuong php tn hiu (ca trn bng tn co so v bng tn rng),
tc d du liu, cc phuong tin v cu trc lin kt. Tiu chun ny quy dinh cu
th cc phuong tin truyn dn vt l nhu cp xon, cp dng truc, cp quang.

2.4.3 NDIS v ODI
Tiu chun NDIS (network driver interface specification), duoc pht trin
boi Microsoft v 3COM, tiu chun ny m ta giao din giua giao thuc vn
chuyn mang v trnh diu khin mang cua tng datalink. NDIS c chuc nng
cung cp mt ranh gioi trung gian giua ngui cung cp giao thc vn chuyn
v b diu khin card mang, d cc nhm giao thuc tuong thch NDIS c th
hoat dng voi card mang. NDIS dinh nghia mt phuong php kt hop cc giao
thuc hn hop thnh mt trnh diu khin don d b diu khin c th h tro dng
thoi cc giao tip.
ODI (open datalink interface), pht trin boi Novell v Apple, hoat dng
cng chuc nng nhu NDIS. ODI cung cp nhung qui tc gip thit lp mt giao
din trung gian vi ngui cung cp, gia nhm giao thc v trnh diu
khin card mang. Giao din ny cung gip cho mt hay nhiu trnh diu khin
mang c th h tro mt hay nhiu giao thuc.
NDIS v ODI l nhung tiu chun gip cho card mang hoat dng tt trong
mi truong cua h diu hnh.

3.HNH TRANG MANG (NETWORK TOPOLOGY)
My tnh v thit bi xu l thng tin khc c th ni voi nhau tao thnh mt
mang goi chung l mang my tnh. Cch ni cc my tnh v tp hop cc qui tc
m tt ca cc thuc th tham gia truyn thng trn mang phai tun theo d mang
c th hoat dng duoc duoc goi l kin trc mang. Cch ni cc my tnh duoc
goi l hnh trang (topology) cua mang. Topology cua mang duoc p dung cho
mang cuc b (LAN) hoc l mang din rng, trong thuc t chi c nhung mang
my tnh voi qui m nho l p dung mt topology no d, nhung mang my tnh
lon thuong duoc t chuc theo nhung topology hn hop. Cc kiu topology duoi
dy l cc kiu co ban.

NET 22

3.1. Star topology



o dang hnh sao, tt ca cc my tram du ni truc tip vo b diu khin trung
tm c nhim vu nhn tn hiu tu cc tram v chuyn tn hiu dn tram dch.
Ty theo yu cu truyn thng trong mang, thit bi truyn thng c th l mt
b chuyn mach (SWITCH), mt b chon duong (Router) hoc chi don gian l
mt b phn knh (HUB).
Vai tr cua b trung tm ny l lin kt dim-dim (point-to-point) giua cc
my trong mang.
- Uu dim :
+ Lp dt don gian.
+ D dng cu hnh lai (thm, bot my tram).
+ D dng kim sot v khc phuc su c.
+ Tn dung duoc ti d tc d cua duong truyn vt l.
- Nhuoc dim:
+ D di cua duong truyn ni tu mt my tram toi trung tm bi han ch.
+ Khi b diu khin trung tm c su c s anh huong dn ton mang.
+ Cn nhiu cp hon dang bus

3.2. Bus topology
o dang BUS tt ca cc my tram phn chia chung mt duong truyn chnh
(bus). Duong truyn chnh duoc gioi han hai du boi mt loai du ni dc bit
goi l Terminator. Mi tram duoc ni vo vo bus qua mt du ni chu T (T-
connector) hoc mt b thu pht (Transceiver).
Khi mt tram truyn du liu, tn hiu duoc quang b (broadcast) trn hai chiu
cua bus, c nghia l moi tram cn lai du c th nhn tn hiu truc tip.
Di voi cc bus mt chiu th tn hiu chi dI v mt pha, lc d terminator
phai thit k sao cho cc tn hiu phai duoc di lai trn bus d c th dn duoc
cc tram cn lai o pha bn kia.
Nhu vy, trong bus topology th du liu duoc truyn dua trn cc lin kt dim-
nhiu dim(point-to-multipoint) hay quang b (broadcast).
- Uu dim: Lp dt don gian, su dung t cp.

HUB/SWITCH
WS
WS
WS
WS

NET 23
- Nhuoc dim: Khi c su c trn duong truyn th ton mang ngung hoat
dng.


3.3. Ring topology (vng)










o dang vng mi my tram duoc ni voi vng qua mt b chuyn tip
(repeater) c nhim vu nhn tn hiu ri chuyn dn tram k tip trn vng. Nhu
vy o dang ny tn hiu duoc luu chuyn trn vng theo mt chiu duy nht, mt
chui lin tip cc lin kt dim-dim giua cc repeater.
Giao thuc su dung cho dang mang ny l chuyn the bi (token passing)
d cp php truy cp duong truyn.
- Nhuoc dim:
+ Doan ni giua hai tram hong s anh huong dn ton mang.
+ Kin trc lai mang kh (thm, bot cc my tram).
+ Giao thuc truy cp duong truyn phuc tap.

4. CC THIET BI LIN KET MANG
4.1. Dy cp mang
Dy cp dng vai tr l phuong tin truyn tn hiu giua cc nt mang, c
nhiu loai cp nhm dp ung qui m cua nhiu loai mang khc nhau. C mt s
loai cp thuong duoc nhu sau.
- Cp dng truc (coxial cable):
C d anh huong nhiu thp, c th truyn tn hiu voi tc d cao trn
khoang cch lon. Cp dng truc c th dng cho giai tn co so (Baseband) v
giai tn rng (Broadband).
+ Cp gy (thin coxial cable - 10B2 / IEEE 802.3a): tro khng 50 , c th
dua tn hiu di xa dn 185 mt.

WS
WS
WS WS

NET 24

10B2 Cable or "Thin Ethernet"

+ Cp bo (thick coxial cable - 10B5): c th dua tn hiu di xa dn 500
mt. Cp dng truc su dung cc b ni cp BNC d tao kt ni giua cp v my
tnh, giua cp v doan cp khc. B ni gm c: b ni hnh chu T (T-
connector) d ni cp v card mang; b ni ng d ni giua hai doan cp (BNC-
connector) ; b ni cui (Terminator).


10B5 Cable or "Thick Ethernet"

- Cp khng vo boc chng nhiu (UTP):
Di dy cp din thoai c th su dung d truyn du liu khi tn hiu duoc loc
nhiu v khoang cch khng lon lm. Voi loai cp ny muc d chng nhiu,
khoang cch truyn, giai tn cung nhu s thit bi gn vo duoc xp o muc trung
bnh. Khi truyn o muc d cao ( 1Mbps) n tao ra sng RF, do d phai su dung
thm cc b loc cn thit. Cp xon di trn 10BASET c th dua tn hiu dn
100 mt. Cp xon di dng gic cm RJ45.

NET 25

Wire pair #1: White/Blue
Blue
Wire pair #2: White/Orange
Orange
Wire pair #3: White/Green
Green
Wire pair #4: White/Brown
Brown


- Cp c vo boc chng nhiu (STP)

L loai cp c 1 hoc hai di dy nm trong vo boc kim loai, vo boc giam
nhiu v giam pht sinh sng RF do d n cho php truyn du liu o tc d cao
hon trn khoang cch lon hon loai UTP.
- Cp quang 10BASEFL, 10BASEFB (cng ngh cao hon, cho php truyn
tn hiu dng b)
Trong cp soi quang, soi quang truyn tn hiu du liu duoi dang s o hnh
thi xung nh sng. Cp ny khng bi anh huong nhiu din, l tuong cho cp
chay ngoi troi hoc gn nhung ngun din cao th . C kha nng truyn du liu
voi tc d rt lon (hng trm dn hng nghn Mbps), l giai php tt cho duong
truyn tc d cao, lm duong truc (backbone) cho mang. Cp quang thuong
duoc su dung cho giai tn co so.


4.2. Vi mach mang (Network Interface Card - NIC)
L thit bi duoc lp dt vo khe mo rng (expansion slot) cua my tnh (c
th duoc tch hop trn MainBoard), n dam nhim truyn du liu tu bus du liu

NET 26
cua mt nt (node) (pc, server, printer,...) toi mt nt khc trong mang. Vai tr
cua NIC l chun bi du liu, gui du liu dn nt mang khc, kim sot lung du
liu giua my tnh v h thng cp.

Chun bi d liu: NIC phai chuyn di du liu tu dang thuc m my tnh c
th hiu duoc sang dang thuc c th truyn qua dy cp mang. Du liu di chuyn
qua mt my tnh theo cc tuyn goi l BUS, c th c nhiu tuyn (8 bits, 16
bits, 32 bits) cng duoc truyn du liu doc theo cc tuyn ny, goi l truyn song
song. C mt s kin trc bus thuong dng nhu : ISA ( 16 bt du liu, 32 bit dia
chi); EISA ( 32 bt du liu, 16 hoc 32 bt dia chi); PCI ( 32 hoc 64 bt du liu,
dia chi).

Trn cp mang, du liu phai di theo mt lung bt don le, du liu duoc truyn
theo mt huong bt ny ni dui bt kia, goi l truyn ni tip. NIC tip nhn tn
hiu chay song song, sp xp lai d c th truyn ni tip theo tuyn rng mt
bt cua cp mang. Vic thuc hin chuyn dich tn hiu s cua my tnh sang tn
hiu din v tn hiu quang do mt thit bi chiu trch nhim thi hnh goi l my
thu pht (Transceiver, transmitter/receiver).
Gui v kim sot d liu: Truoc khi NIC o du gui gui du liu, n tin hnh
kim tra voi NIC o du nhn d ca hai cng thng nht cc tham s:
+ Kch thuoc ti da cua cum du liu duoc gui
+ Luong du liu duoc gui di truoc khi duoc xc nhn
+ Thoi gian cch qung giua nhung ln gui du liu
+ Thoi gian cho truoc khi tn hiu bo nhn duoc gui di
+ Mi NIC chua duoc bao nhiu du liu
+ Vn tc truyn du liu
Cc ty chon v xc lp cu hnh
+ Ngt (IRQ)
+ Dia chi cng xut/ nhp (I/O) co so
+ Dia chi b nho
+ My thu pht (qua gic cm RJ45, BUS, AUI )

4.3. B pht lp (Repeater)

NET 27
Thit bi trung gian thuc hin chuc nng chuyn tip o muc vt l, n c tc
dung khuych dai tn hiu trn duong truyn do d duoc su dung d ko di cp
mang. N khng th su dung d ni cc mang c cng ngh khc nhau.
B pht lp hoat dng tai tng vt l, n tip nhn tn hiu tu mt doan mang
ti tao v truyn dn doan mang k tip. Mun chuyn gi du liu qua b pht
lp tu doan mang ny sang doan mang k tip, gi du liu v giao thuc Logical
Link Control (LLC) phai ging nhau trn mi doan mang. B pht lp khng
dich hoc loc bt ky tn hiu no, d thit bi ny c th hoat dng, ca hai doan
mang ni b chuyn tip phai c cng phuong php truy cp.

4.4. B tp trung (Hub)
L trung tm cua mang hnh sao (dim tp trung cc du dy trong mang).
Hub nhn tn hiu tai mt cng (port) v lp lai tn hiu d (relay and/or
amplify/generate signal) trn tt ca cc cng (port) cn lai. Tai mi thoi dim chi
c mt tram duoc chuyn du liu. V vy mt hub 10Mbps th c tc d tng
cng l 10Mbps.
8-port 3Com Office Connect Hub

- Hub thu dng (passive hub): chng dng vai tr nhu dim kt ni v khng
khuych dai (amplify) hay ti tao (generate) tn hiu.
- Hub chu dng (Active hub): ti tao v truyn lai tn hiu theo cch tuong tu cch
thuc vn hnh cua b chuyn tip (Repeater).
- Hub lai (hybrid hub): cng ngh cai tin chp nhn nhiu loai cp khc nhau, c
th mo rng mang bng cch lin kt nhiu hub.
Hub l thit bi da nng c nhiu tnh nng c th dng trong Topology: Star,
Star-Bus, Star-Ring. Khi thay di hoc mo rng h thng, duong dy s t anh
huong dn hoat dng cua mang. Thit bi Hub c th d tp trung, tin cho qu
trnh bao dung quan l mang.

4.5. Chuyn mach (Switch)
Chuyn mach duoc pht trin d thit k cho mang nhiu doan, hoc cc
mang my tnh. Chuyn mach cho php ni mang voi nhau o tc d cao.
Switch nhn tn hiu tu mt cng v chuyn tip tn hiu dn cng kt ni
voi thit bi dch. Tai mi thoi dim c th c nhiu hon mt tram truyn du liu.
V vy mt switch 10Mbps th c tc d tng cng c th l 10Mbps, 20Mbps,
qua d ta thy tc d truyn du liu cua mt switch trn mang hiu qua hon
hub (tham khao hnh v m ta vic truyn du liu sau).

NET 28
Chuyn mach Ethernet: duoc thit k d phn chia mang thnh cc segment
d tng giai thng cho tung segment. Cc chuyn mach hin nay c th su dung
o mang tc d cao nhu Fast Ethernet, FDDI/CDDI hoc ATM.
Chuyn mach cho mang din rng (WAN): duoc thit k d ni cc mang
cuc b thnh mang din rng.


4.6. Cu ni (Bridge)
Ni cc doan mang phn bit lai voi nhau v truyn du liu qua lai giua
chng. N cho php mo rng kch thuoc ti da cua mang khi gp gioi han nhu
chiu di cp, gioi han v s luong tram.
Cu ni hoat dng tai tng Data Link (thuc tng con Media Access Control)
nn n khng hiu duoc cc thng tin o tng cao hon. Do vy n khng phn
bit giao thuc ny voi giao thuc khc, cu ni c nhim vu chuyn tt ca cc

NET 29
giao thuc doc theo mang. Khi chuyn du liu qua mang, ty thuc vo tung my
tnh quyt dinh chng c th nhn giao thuc no. Cu ni c nhim vu:
+ Lng nghe cc luu thng trn mang
+ Kim tra dia chi ngun v dia chi dch cua mi gi du liu
+ Xy dung bang dinh tuyn
+ Gi du liu duoc chuyn theo cch thuc sau: Nu dch dn khng duoc lit k
trong bang dinh tuyn cu ni s chuyn du liu dn moi doan mang. Nu dch
dn duoc lit k, cu ni s chuyn gi du liu dn doan mang d. Cu ni hoat
dng trn nguyn tc mi nt mang c dia chi ring. Mt cu ni chuyn di cc
gi du liu dua trn dia chi nt dn.

4.7. B dinh tuyn (Router)
B dinh tuyn lm vic tai tng 3 trong m hnh OSI hay tng Internet trong
m hnh TCP/IP, n thuong duoc dng d ni hai hay nhiu doan mang voi giao
thuc v kin trc mang khc nhau. Thit bi ny c chuc nng quyt dinh tuyn
duong tt nht d truyn du liu v sng loc gi tin (Packet filter).
B dinh tuyn su dung bang dinh tuyn (routing table) d chua dia chi cua
cc nt mang, n su dung bang ny d xc dinh dia chi cho du liu dn, bang
ny lit k cc thng tin sau:

+ Ton b s dia chi mang
+ Cch kt ni vo cc mang khc
+ Cc l trnh c th c giua cc b dinh tuyn
+ Ph tn truyn du liu qua cc l trnh d
Cc giao thuc dinh tuyn: DECnet, IP, IPX, OSI, XNS, DDP (AppleTalk)
Cc giao thuc khng h tro dinh tuyn: LAT (giao thuc cua hng Digital
Equipment), NetBEUI.
B dn duong chia lm hai loai
+ Tinh (static): di hoi nguoi quan tri mang phai ci dt v lp cu hnh bang
dinh tuyn dng thoi tu mnh dinh r mi l trnh.
+ Dng (dynamic): Tu dng pht hin l trnh v do d duoc lp cu hnh t hon.

4.8. Cng kt ni (Getway)
Cng kt ni cho php truyn thng giua cc kin trc mang v mi truong
khc nhau. Chng dng gi lai v bin di gi du liu duoc truyn tu mi
truong ny dn mi truong khc, sao cho cc mi truong c th hiu du liu cua
nhau. Mt kt ni lin kt hai h thng khng su dung cng giao thuc truyn
thng, cu trc dinh dang du liu, ngn ngu, kin trc mang.

NET 30
Cng kt ni chuyn dng cho tc vu cu th, chng duoc dnh ring cho mt
truyn tai cu th no d. V du cng kt ni giua Windows NT, Windows 2000
v SNA. Cng kt ni tip nhn du liu tu mi truong, tuoc bo chng giao thuc
cu v dng gi chng giao thuc cua mang dch.
Mt s cng kt ni su dung ton b 7 tng cua m hnh OSI, nhung cng
kt ni thuong thuc hin vic chuyn di giao thuc tai tng Application. Trong
thuc t muc d tnh nng thay di dng k giua cc loai cng giao tip.

5. CC GIAO THUC TRUYEN TRN MANG (PROTOCOL)
5.1 Khi nim
Giao thuc l nhung nguyn tc v thu tuc diu khin su giao tip v tuong tc
khi cc my tnh mun lin h voi nhau trong mi truong mang.
C nhiu giao thuc, mi giao thuc cho php thuc hin cc cuc giao tip co
ban v thi hnh nhung tc vu khc nhau.
Mt s giao thuc hoat dng o nhiu tng OSI. Tng noi giao thuc hoat dng
s m ta chuc nng cua giao thuc d.
Nhiu giao thuc c th hoat dng phi hop goi l chng giao thuc. Cp d
trong chng giao thuc tuong ung voi tng cua m hnh OSI.
Chng giao thuc chun: Giao thuc tn tai o mi tng cua chng giao thuc,
lm cng vic do tng d qui dinh. Nhung tc vu truyn thng cn thi hnh qua
mang duoc gn cho nhung giao thuc dang hoat dng nhu mt trong ba loai giao
thuc. Ba loai giao thuc ny nh xa dn m hnh OSI




















Sending
Process
Application
Network
Presentation
Transport
Data Link
Session
Physical
Dich vu mang
Dich vu vn tai
Dich vu mang
o muc ung dung
Cc tc vu truyn thng trong m hnh OSI

NET 31









Giao thuc ung dung:
- FTAM (File Transfer Access and Management): giao thuc truy nhp tp
tin cua m hnh OSI
- X.400: giao thuc CCITT cho vic truyn e-mail quc t
- X.5000 giao thuc CCITT cho dich vu tp tin v thu muc ngang qua nhiu
h thng
- SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Giao thuc Internet cho vic
chuyn mail
- FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Giao thuc chuyn tp tin trn Internet
- SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol): Giao thuc Internet cho
vic theo di mang v cc thnh phn mang
- Telnet : giao thuc Internet cho vic dng nhp my chu o xa v xu l du
liu trn my cuc b
- Microsoft SMP (Server Messaga Block) v shell hoc b di huong
(redirector) trn my khch
- NCP (Novell Netware Core Protocol): v shell hoc b di huong
(redirector) trn my khch cua Novell Netware
- Appletalk and Appleshare: Dy giao thuc cua Apple
- AFP (Appletalk Filing Protocol): giao thuc cho vic truy cp tp tin tu xa
cua Apple
- DAP (Data Access Protocol): Giao thuc truy cp tp tin Decnet.
Giao thuc vn tai:
- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): giao thuc TCP/IP bao dam du liu
tun tu
- SPX : mt phn cua dy giao thuc IPX/SPX (Internetwork Packet
Exchange) cua Novell Netware
- Nwlink mt ci dt trn IPX/SPX cua Microsoft
- NetBEUI (NetBIOS - Network Basic Input/output System) Extended User
Interface: thit lp vic truyn thng giua cc my tnh (Netbios) v cung
cp dich vu vn tai du liu (NetBEUI)
- ATP (Appletalk Transaction Protocol), NBP (Name Binding Protocol):
Giao thuc phin truyn thng v giao tuc vn tai du liu cua Apple.
Giao thuc mang
- IP (Internet Protocol)
- IPX: Giao thuc cua Novell Netware

NET 32
- Nwlink: mt ci dt trn IPX/SPX cua Microsoft
- NetBEUI: Giao thuc vn tai cung cp dich vu vn tai du liu cho phin
lm vic v chuong trnh ung dung NetBIOS
- DDP (Datagram Delivery Protocol): Giao thuc vn tai du liu cua
Appletalk

5.2. Cc b giao thc ph bin
Trong thuc t cc giao thuc duoc dng ph bin v duoc tp hop thnh cc
giao thuc nhu sau:

1. TCP/IP (transmission Control Protocol / Internet protocol)
- L giao thuc chun cho cc h trn co so UNIX, dc bit su dung cho mang
Internet. TCP/IP h tro vic dinh tuyn (routing), l giao thuc chun cho kha
nng lin kt hoat dng cua nhiu loai my tnh.
- Mi card mang duoc gn dia chi Internet hay dia chi IP
- Dia chi IP duoc phn thnh 4 lop ( A B C D)

- TCP/IP l mt tp hop nhiu giao thuc n l tiu chun thuc t cho lin
mang:

+ FTP (File Transfer Protocol) mt ung dung d truyn file giua cc my
+ SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) h thng thu din tu
+ SNMP: quan l mang

2. IPX/SPX
Giao thuc trao di thng tin trn mang cua hng Novell. IPX su dung phuong
thuc truyn gi du liu v nguyn tc tm duong theo chun IEEE 802.3 , h tro
dinh tuyn

3. NetBIOS (Network basic input/output system)
Giao thuc ny duoc su dung trn mang voi cc ung dung cua IBM,
Microsoft, v Lotus.
- Chun cua IBM v giao din chuong trnh cho mang my tnh
- Co so l ngang hng
- N l giao thuc dinh huong cho vic ni mang, khng c muc mang
- Khng c giao thuc tm duong
- Kim tra duoc lung thng tin
Quy tc cua NetBIOS khng quy dinh cht ch v phn cung, phn mm,
giao thuc hay duong truyn vt l m mang su dung.
NetBEUI (NetBIOS Extended User Interface): Giao thuc km theo san phm
mang cua Microsoft.
6. THIET KE MANG CUC BO

NET 33
6.1. Qui tc thit k mang:
Khoang cch ti da cho tung doan mang ty theo kiu duong truyn:
- 10Base5: 500 mt cho doan cp khng c b pht lp
- 10Base2: 185 mt cho doan cp khng c b pht lp
- 10BaseT: 100 mt
- 10BaseFL, 10BaseFB: 2000 mt
Trong thuc t, khoang cch ti da cn phu thuc vo mi truong lp dt, v
du nhu diu kin thoi tit... c th lm giam khoang cch thuc t. Hoc vic su
dung cc thit bi khc nhu HUB thng minh c th lm tng khoang cch thuc
t.
Xc dinh s cc b pht lp ti da giua hai tram trn mang:
- Theo Ethernet: mt cp b pht lp duoc dm l mt b lp, chi c 2 b
lp trn duong truyn giua hai tram bt ky.
- Theo IEEE: khng lon hon 5 doan pht lp, khng qu 4 b pht lp giua
hai tram bt ky, trong d 3 doan c th ni my tram (5 segments, 4
repeaters, 3 populated segments)
S tram ti da: Ty theo kiu du ni m c duoc s workstations ti da
- 10Base5: 100 workstations
- 10Base2: 30 workstations
- 10BaseT: 2 workstations
- 10BaseFL, 10BaseFB: 2 workstations
Mang nhiu doan (Multisegment):
- Doan mang l phn dy cp duoc chn boi cc thit bi nhu cu, b don
duong, b pht lp, terminator. Tc dung cua 1 doan v nhiu doan
- 1 doan mang:
+ Cu trc don gian
+ Tc d bao dam v khng bi tr (do cc thit bi ni doan mang)
+ Gi thnh cho mt tram thp
+ Luu luong thng tin trn mang lon, s dn dn tnh trang qu tai, anh
huong dn ton b mang.
+ Kh khn khi mo rng mang.
- Nhiu doan mang:
+ Tng kch thuoc mang v s cc thit bi gn vo mang.
+ Tnh sn sng cua mang cao: cc mang con duoc tch bit ca v logic v
vt l, do vy li tu doan ny khng lm anh huong dn doan khc.
+ Cung cp cc kha nng kt ni giua cc tram nm trn cc doan mang khc
nhau.
+ D dng mo rng mang

C th su dung cu (Bridges) hoc chuyn mach (Swiches) d ni cc doan
mang.

6.2. Phuong php thit k :

NET 34
Thit k mang l chon ra mt cu hnh dng cho mt phuong n cu th, phai
thoa mn duoc muc dch v nhu cu cua nguoi su dung, dng thoi thoa mn cc
rng buc cua h thng.
Thu thp cc nhu cu, cc thng tin v mang:
S luong nguoi dng cua tung ung dung, kiu ung dung. Cc thng tin ny
s duoc xem xt khi lua chon thit k phn doan mang, cu hnh cua cc thit bi.
Xc dinh nhu cu v truyn tin cua tung tram, mi quan h giua cc tram.
Khi d xc dinh nhung nhm nguoi su dung.
Xem xt khoang cch vt l giua cc tram trong mang, 1 ta nh hay nhiu.
Ty thuc vo khoang cch thuc t m quyt dinh phn doan mang bng cu,
chuyn mach.
Cc thng tin phuc vu cho ban v chi tit:
+ S luong cc tram, vi tr cm.
+ Vi tr, kch thuoc cua tu du dy
+ D di cc doan cp giua cc thit bi
+ Trang thi nh cua, vn phng
Su pht trin cua mang trong tuong lai.
Thit k chi tit:
- Ban v chi tit v cch mc dy cua mang: kin trc mang, cu hnh cc thit
bi trn mang.
+ Thit k tng th.
+ Thit k cu th tung doan mang, khu vuc thit bi d tp trung.
- Cc phn mm su dung trn mang: h diu hnh, co so du liu, cc ung
dung...
Mt s yu cu khc
- Qui dinh v quan l mang:
+ Nguoi quan l mang: s luong, vi tr.
+ Cc thu tuc phai thuc hin hng ngy
+ Thu tuc pht hin v khc phuc su c trn mang
+ Thu tuc luu tru du phng v khi phuc
+ Theo di su dung mang
+ Huong dn nguoi su dung tai ch
+ Phn phi phn mm

6.3. Mt s thit k mang
Star Topology : SERVER duoc ni truc tip vo HUB bng cp UTP:

Dng trong mang nho, b tr my tp trung, s luong tram phu thuc vo s
cng cua HUB, c loai Hub 4, 8 ,12, 24 port, ... ty s luong my m lp dt hub
ph hop.




NET 35
Server
Hub
Workstation Workstation


Topology Bus: SERVER ni truc tip voi cc my bng cp BNC

Dng cho mang nho, s luong my khng lon, thuong duoc dng cho mt
vn phng hoc mt mang my tnh nho nhung cc my tnh cch nhau kh xa,
trong pham vi cho php cua cp dng truc.

Server
Workstation Workstation


Topology Bus Star: SERVER ni voi HUB - HUB bng cp BNC

Dng cho mang voi qui m kh lon, c th c nhiu phng my, cc phng
my lai cch nhau xa (trong pham vi cho php cua cp dng truc), cc HUB c
th d o cc phng khc nhau, mi hub c th cung cp duong truyn cho 1 hoc
2 phng ty theo s luong my.


NET 36
Ethernet
Server
Hub Hub
Workstation Workstation



Lin kt hai doan mang bng Repeater:
Doan mang c th l 1 tng nh hoc ta nh, s luong my cua mi doan
mang khng lon lm, my tram d tp trung.


Workstation Workstation
Workstation
Workstation
Repeater



Lin kt hai doan mang bng Bridge:
Doan mang c cu trc mang khc nhau, mi doan mang c th lp dt o 1
tng nh hoc ta nh, mi doan mang c th c s luong my kh lon.


NET 37
Workstation Workstation
Workstation
Workstation
Bridge



server ni vo cc HUB xp chng
S luong my tram kh lon, thuong l cc my tram duoc d tp trung,
khoang cch my trong cu ly cho php, cc HUB quan l tp trung. Tuy nhin
mang ny dng trong cc t chuc m luu luong thng tin trn mang khng lon
lm, nu qu trnh truyn tin trn mang din ra lin tuc th nguoi ta thuong thit
k mang theo m hnh Lan-Switch




Hub
Hub
Hub
IBM Compatible




Cc HUB lin kt qua Switch:
- Switch c nhim vu kt ni cc HUB, khi d Switch c nhim vu quan l
tt ca cc duong tn hiu trn mang, voi cch lp dt ny c th cai thin tc d

NET 38
mang. Dy l m hnh c th dng cho cc t chuc c qui m my lon, cc my
tram du nm trong pham vi nho hon 150 m so voi tu HUB trung tm. Theo m
hnh ny khi cn mo rng mang chi cn lp dt thm HUB, tuy nhin s luong
HUB cuc dai phu thuc vo s cng ra cua Switch. V cc thit bi ny dt tp
trung nn c th thit k b ngun din nui HUB tp trung, han ch su c v
din. Tt ca cc dy mang du tp trung v tu diu khin nn cung d dng xu l
su c.


Hub
Hub
IBM Compatible
Switch


NET 39
PHAN II
HE DIEU HNH MANG NOVEL NETWARE
1. GII THIEU MANG NOVELL NETWARE
1.1. Su pht trin cua Novell Netware
NOVELL NETWARE duoc thit lp nm 1983 voi cu hnh ti thiu v mt
s dich vu don gian.
Novell phin ban 1.X , 2.X, 3.XX duoc pht hnh cho dn nm 1993
Novell phin ban 4.X duoc ci dt quan tri mang trn h thng nhiu FILE
SERVER thng qua h dich vu NDS (Netware Directory Servise) mang ny c
th quan l trn h thng rng lon.
Novell 5.X ra doi vo nm 1999, phin ban ny duoc thit k voi nhiu tnh
nng moi, gip nguoi dng d dng su dung hon, d tch hop voi mang din
rng v Internet.
Ti liu ny d cp dn nhung ni dung co ban cua Novell Netware v cc
chuc nng cua phin ban Novell 4.X.
NOVELL NETWARE duoc dng rng ri trong:
- Cc vn phng: lin kt cc b phn roi rac
- Cc cng ty: lin kt cc x nghip thnh vin
Novell Netware c th chay trn nhung my c cu hnh khng cao (ca
SERVER v WORKSTATION), ci dt khng phuc tap, quan tri mang don gian
v c hiu qua.
Quan tri Novell Netware bao gm nhung cng vic nhu sau:
- Quan tri FILE SYSTEM
- Quan tri USER v GROUP
- Quan tri FILESERVER
- Quan tri PRINT SERVICE
- Quan tri cc dich vu khc

1.2. Novell Directory Services
a. Khi nim
Novell Directory Services (NDS) l dich vu dc trung cua Novell Netware,
NDS duy tr co so du liu cua tt ca ti nguyn mang. NDS tao cc mang thnh
mt mang thng nht bng cch cung cp mt dim truy nhp v quan l hu ht
ti nguyn mang. NDS quan l ti nguyn theo cu trc hnh cy, mi cy (tree)
duoc dt tn, n c th quan l nhiu di tuong (object), c cc loai di tuong
sau:
- Di tuong Root biu thi cp cao nht trong cy thu muc, Root khng chua
thng tin, khng th xa hay di tn.
- Di tuong Container duoc dng d tuong trung cho quc gia, cng ty,
phng ban, nhm lm vic v ti nguyn dng chung (Country,

NET 40
Organization, Organization Unit). Trong di tuong ny c th chua cc
container khc theo 3 muc.
- Di tuong Leaf dai din cho ti nguyn mang nhu nguoi dng, my in, ...










Cu trc NDS cua tree NEU c Root v container THKT (O), trong d chua
container CNTT v TH (OU), trong container CNTT chua server THB user t1
(Leaf), trong container chua server THB, ... (CN).

b. Vai tr cua NDS

D truy cp ti nguyn cua mang, nguoi su dung phai yu cu di tuong theo
tn cua NDS. Khi NDS trn my phuc vu nhn bit yu cu, n s kim tra trn
cy NDS v nguoi su dung, quyn su dung di tuong, dua trn yu cu v thm
quyn nguoi dng my dich vu s dinh vi v ni nguoi su dung voi ti nguyn.

Root
Container
Leaf
Root
|
Organization
|
Leaf
Root
|
Country
|
Organization
|
Organization Unit
|
Leaf
Root
|
Organization
|
Organization Unit
|
Leaf

NET 41

c. Tn cua doi tuong

Cc di tuong c th trng tn, nm trn cc container khc nhau, NDS
khng tm kim di tuong trn ton cy thu muc, do vy NDS di hoi thng tin
chnh xc d tm dng di tuong. Khi truy cp phai cung cp cho NDS dng tn
di tuong, c th cung cp thng tin bng: tn phn bit hay tn phn bit tuong
di.

- Tn chung (common name) cua di tuong leaf l tn nm bn canh di
tuong leaf trong cy thu muc. V du theo cy NEU c CN=T1, THA, ...

- Ngu canh (contex) l vi tr cua di tuong trong cy thu muc. D l danh
sch di tuong container bt du tu di tuong dn root. V du theo cy
NEU c THKT, CNTT,...
- Tn phn bit: su kt hop tn chung v ngu canh. V du theo cy NEU ta
c .CN=T1.OU=CNTT.O=THKT
- Tn phn bit tuong di (relative distinguished name) lit k duong dn
di tuong tu du di tuong duoc dt tn dn ngu canh hin hnh. Tn
phn bit tuong di + ngu canh hin hnh = tn phn bit.
- Tn c kiu (Type name): dng chu vit tt d phn bit cc kiu
container v cc di tuong leaf
- Cch goi tn khng c kiu(Typeless name): khng bao gm cc kiu
thuc tnh di tuong. V du: .T1.CNTT.THKT. Nu khng cung cp tn
di tuong c kiu, NDS s tnh ton kiu thuc tnh cho tung di tuong.
2. QUAN TRI FILE SERVER
- Thuc hin cc tin ch co ban cua FILESERVER bng cch nap cc MODUL
chnh nhu INSTALL, MONITOR , VREPAIR , REMOTE
- Ci dt v b sung cu hnh mang (INSTALL)
- Gui thng dip h thng hoc cho tung USER (MONITOR)
- Kim tra lin kt hoc ngt bo lin h cua cc WORK STATION
- Sua li cua VOLUME trong mt s truong hop (VREPAIR)
- Ci dt hay huy bo cc dich vu, phn mm h thng khc.
- Dng FILESERVER

My khch
yu cu ti
nguyn
My phuc vu
Novell dp
ung
NDS dinh vi
di tuong
Vi tr ti
nguyn duoc
nhn din
Kim tra thm
quyn cua my
khch
My khch
duoc ni voi
ti nguyn

NET 42
Cch nap cc MODULE trn my SERVER:

Tai du nhc Novell Netware bm LOAD <Tn mudul>
Cc module sau dy thuong duoc thuc hin:

1. INSTALL
Ci dt cu hnh h thng mang,tao cc NETWARE PARTITIONS dng
lm cc VOLUMES trong mang. Khoi tao cc VOLUMES, sao chp cc FILE
h thng, ci dt cc phn mm mang.

2. MONITOR
Kim tra hoat dng cua h thng, cc lin kt trong h thng. V du sau khi
load module monitor trn mn hnh s hin thi cc thng tin




3. PSERVER
Ci dt v kim sot cc hoat dng cua PRINT SERVER duoc ci dt truc
tip vo FILESERVER . Diu khin cc my in trong mang.

4. VREPAIR
Sua li khi khoi dng mang. Cc li ny thuong xay ra khi h thng bi tc
dng dt ngt tu bn ngoi, v du mt din dt ngt.

Chon cc chuc nng d thuc hin chuong trnh
3. CI DAT MANG NOVELL NETWARE

NET 43
3.1. Yu cu v phn cng - phn mm
- 1 FILE SERVER (my chu) : voi cu hnh ti thiu CPU 486 4MB RAM
- Cc Work station (my lm vic)
- Card mang (ne2000, 3c503 ....)
- Cc phu kin khc
+ Dy cp: cp quang, cp dng truc,cp din thoai
+ Cc thit bi ni chng: ni duong thng, ni chu T ...
+ Hub (thit bi trung gian ni cc work station vo FILE SERVER)
- Phn mm
+ 1 b dia NOVELL NETWARE (hoc CD ROM)
+ 1 b dia DOS
+ Cc chuong trnh s chay trn mang

3.2. Cc buc ci dt:

1. Khoi tao FILESERVER
- Lp dt Card mang vo slot cua main-board, lp dy mang. Kim tra cc thit
bi bao dam cho my c th hoat dng duoc.
- Khoi dng my chu, dng FDISK tao trn dia cung cua my chu mt DOS
PARTITION FORMAT v nap phn h thng

2. Khoi dng lai my chu
- Chay tp install.bat (Trn b dia ci dt)
- Hoc tao 1 thu muc, chuyn vo thu muc ; sao chp cc tp sau dy:
+ SERVER.EXE
+ Trnh diu khin dia cung (IDE.DSK, ISADISK.DSK, SCSI???.DSK ...)
+ Trnh diu khin CARD mang ( *.LAN)
+ Cc tp khc (*.NLM)
- Bm SERVER trn mn hnh hin thi du nhc cua NOVELL
- My thng bo : FILESERVER NAME - G tn cua FILE SERVER (tn do
mnh dt, nn dt tn ngn gon)
- My thng bo : IPX INTERNAL NETWORK NUMBER - G dy s dc
trung cua card mang

Thuc hin din cc tham s cua Modul Install
- Tai du nhc cua Server Novell Netware g LOAD INSTALL, trn mn hnh
hin thi thuc don cua module install:






Installation Options
Driver options (Load/Unload disk and networkdrive)
Disk options (configure/mirror/test disk partitions)
Volume options (configure/mount/dismount volumes)
Licence option (install the server licence)
Copy files option (install Netware system files)
Directory options (install Netware Directory services)
NCF files options (create/edit server startup files)
Product options (other optional installation items)
Server options (install/upgrade this server)
Exit

NET 44










a- Chon thuc don DRIVER OPTIONS
Ci dt trnh diu khin dia cung v card mang







- Dia cung: chon Configure disk and storage device drivers , chon load a
driver







Trn mn hnh hin thi danh muc cc driver, chon loai ph hop








Din cc tham s cho dia cung (I/O: 1f0,170,1e8,168; interrupt: A,B,C,E,F )






Driver options
Configure disk and storage device
Configure network drivers
Return to previous menu
Select a driver:
IDE.DSK IDE (ATA Compatible)
. . . .

IDE Parameters
Interrupt number: E
Port value: 1F0
Scatter Gather: No
Driver Version: version 5.00 (940930)
Additional Driver Actions
Load a driver
Unload a selected driver
Return to previous menu

NET 45






- Card mang : chon Configure network drivers , chon load a driver








- Chon cc tham s cho card mang:













IPX l giao thuc ngm dinh, Novell Netware lun su dung giao thuc ny, c
th chon thm cc giao thuc TCP/IP v Appletalk.

b. Chon thuc don DISK OPTIONS







- Chon Modifi disk partitions and hot fix

Trn mn hnh hin thi bang phn chia dia: partition thu nht do DOS quan
l, cn phai khoi tao Volumes cho partition thu hai.
Driver IDE parameter Actions
Select/Modifi driver parameter
Save parameters and load driver
Select a driver to install
3C503.LAN 3Com 3c503 EtherLink
NE2000.LAN Novell Ethernet NE2000
......
NE2000_1 Protocols

----- IPX (always seleted)
[ ] TCP/IP
[ ] AppleTalk
Board NE2000_1 (Driver NE2000)
Actions
Select/Modifi driver parameters and
Save parameters and load driver
Modifi disk partitions and hot fix
Mirror/Unmirror disk partitions
Perform surface test (optional)
Scan for additional devices (optional)
Return to the previous menu
Available Disk Options

NET 46











c. Chon thuc don VOLUME OPTIONS
Khi chua c volume no duoc khoi tao







Chon cc phm tuong ung d tao Volume moi




Cc thng tin v partition cua dia duoc hin thi






Unknown Partition Type 6 0 627 250.2 MB
Netware Partition 628 1008 800.0 MB
Disk Partition Type Start End Size

Volume Name Size (MB)
Device No. Segment No. Size(MB) Volume Assigment Status
0 0 800 (free space)
Volume Disk Segment List

NET 47







Volume du tin duoc Novell dt tn l SYS, dung luong ti thiu l 75MB.









Nu chon dung luong cua volume SYS cuc dai th s khng c volume tip
theo

Tip tuc khoi tao cc volume








d. Chon thuc don LICENCE OPTIONS
Ci dt ban quyn cho Novell Netware thuong duoc ci dt tu dia mm (dia
ban quyn), ban quyn quy dinh s user ti da duoc ni vo mang

e. Chon COPY FILES OPTIONS
Lua chon ci dt files h thng, nhm trnh no duoc dnh du [x] s duoc
ci dt
Disk segment volume name: SYS

Disk segment size: 500 MB
Disk segment parameters

Make this segment a new volume
Make this segment part of another volume
What would you like to do with this free segment

NET 48

f. Chon thuc don DIRECTORY OPTIONS
Ci dt NDS v cc cp nht: khi ci phai lua chon
Directory name:
Company organization:
+ Level 1:
+ Level 2:
+ Level 3:
- Mt khu cua ADMIN










g. Chon thuc don NCF FILES OPTIONS










[x] NetWare 4.1 Server executable and boot files (4MB)
[x] Update NetWare 4.1 boot directory driver files (1MB)
[x] Pre-Install Files (7MB)
[x] NetWare System Files (9)
[x] NetWare DOS Utilities (12MB)
[x] NetWare MS OS/2 Utilities (2MB)
[x] NetWare MS Windows Utilities (4MB)
[x] NetWare UNIX Utilities (1MB)
[x] ETC Files (1MB)
[x] Set up a Network Directory for Client Install (7MB)
[x] Set up a Network Directory for Server Migration (2MB)
[x] NetWare 4.1 English Language-Specific Files (5MB)
Indicate which file groups you want installed
Install Directory Services onto this server
Remove Directory Services from this server
Upgrade NetWare 3.x bindery information to the Directory
Upgrade mounted volumes into the Directory
Return to the previous menu
Directory Services Options
Create AUTOEXEC.NCF file
Create STARTUP.NCF file
Edit AUTOEXEC.NCF file
Edit STARTUP.NCF file
Upgrade a v3.1x AUTOEXEC.NCF Files
Return to the previous menu

Available NCF Files Options

NET 49


3.3. Ci dt WORK STATIONS (DOS)
- Yu cu v phn cung: My phai duoc lp card mang, ni dy vo mang
- Yu cu v phn mm: my d duoc ci dt h diu hnh DOS, b dia ci
dt card mang.

a. Ci dt toi thiu: truy cap mangmuc bindery
Khoi tao tp tin IPX.COM
- Tao 1 thu muc tn l WSGEN v sao chp ton b dia WSGEN cua Novell
Netware vo thu muc ny.
- Chay trnh ci dt WSGEN, chon danh sch card mang ung voi card mang
d ci vo WORK STATIONS, din cc tham s (IRQ, I/O, DMA or RAM ...)
Nu ci dt thnh cng tp tin IPX.COM s duoc tao ra

Ni WORK STATIONS vo mang: khoi dng my o DOS, bm cc lnh sau
IPX
NETX
Chuyn vo dia mang
LOGIN <Tn SERVER >/<Tn USER >

b. Ci dt day du: truy cap mangmuc NDS
Su dung phn mm di km card mang, chay trnh ci dt INSTALL.EXE,
din cc tham s lin quan, nu qu trnh ci dt thnh cng, cc files sau s
duoc tao:
LSL.COM
3C508.COM
IPXODI.COM
VLM.EXE
*.VLM
NET.CFG
- Khoi dng my tu DOS, chay ln luot cc tp trn, c th chay cc tp tin
trn bng cch tao tp BAT.
Chuyn vo dia mang
LOGIN <Tn SERVER >/<Tn USER >

3.3. Ci dt WORK STATIONS (Windows 9.X)
Cc my tnh su dung h diu hnh Windows 95, Windows 98, mun su
dung ti nguyn cua Novell cn phai ci dt phn mm client cho my, c th
dng h diu hnh Windows 9.x d ci dt, cc buoc co ban d ci dt:

Chon trong Control Panel Network: khi d trn cua s s hin thi nhung
ni dung duoc ci dt

NET 50



Ci dt card mang v cc tham s
- Chon ADD Adapter



- Chon card mang trn danh sch card

Ci dt Protocol
Chon ADD - Protocol


NET 51


Chon Microsoft, lua chon cc Protocol cn thit, d truy cp mang Novell
NetWare cn ci IPX/SPX
Ci dt client (my khch)



- Chon Microsoft - client for Netware Networks
Din tham s khi truy cp vo mang:


NET 52


- Preferres server: Bm tn Novell Netware Server m user mun truy cp
- First network drive: dia mang (logic) du tin duoc gn khi user truy cp
- Enable logon script processing: cho php thuc hin login script cua Novell
Ci dt dich vu NDS
- Chon ADD Service, chon Service for NetWare Directory Services




4. QUAN TRI HE THONG THU MUC V FILES
4.1. Cu trc thu muc v files cua Novell NetWare

Khi nim VOLUMES
VOLUMES duoc khoi tao trong qu trnh ci dt mang, n l mt phn cua
Netware partition. Mi VOLUMES du c tn, VOLUMES du tin duoc khoi

NET 53
tao c tn l SYS trn VOLUMES ny cc FILE h thng cua NOVELL
NETWARE duoc ci dt. Cc VOLUMES khc c th dt tn ty . D mt
VOLUMES duoc su dung nhu mt ti nguyn trn mang VOLUMES ny cn
duoc MOUNT.

Cu trc cua VOLUMES SYS
/LOGIN : Chua cc chuong trnh dng d vo ra trn mang
/PUBLIC: Chua cc tin ch o trn mang, mi USER du c quyn truy nhp
dn thu muc ny.
/SYSTEM: Chua cc chuong trnh h thng cua NOVELL NETWARE. Chi
c ADMIN moi c quyn di voi thu muc ny.
/MAIL : Chua cc thng tin cua USER trn mang
/ETC : Chua mt s FILES v du c th ci dt.
/DELETE.SAV: Chua cc FILE duoc cuu nm trong thu muc d bi xa.

4.2. Thit k h thng thu muc v FILES

Nguyn l chung

- H thng thu muc cua NOVELL NETWARE d ring trn volume SYS
- H thng thu muc cua cc USER nn tp trung d d dng theo di v kim
sot.
- H thng cc chuong trnh ung dung nn phn loai v d theo nhm.
V du: nu chi c 1 VOLUMES




















LOGIN
PUBLIC
SYSTE
USER
USER 1
USER 1
USER ...
APPS
MSDOS
WINDOWS
OFFICE
DBF
FOXPR

NET 54









Nu c nhiu VOLUMES nn d mi VOLUMES luu tru mt nhm chuong
trnh. V du: mt volume dnh cho cc user, mt volume dnh cho group, mt
volume dnh cho cc ung dung khc.
Nu c nhiu dia cung th nn tao trn mi dia cung thnh 1 volume.

4.3. Quyn han
Quyn han 1 USER qui dinh kha nng truy nhp dn cc ti nguyn cua
USER ny. Nhu vy quyn han l mt trong nhung chuc nng co ban d bao v
an ton cho du liu v h thng. Nhim vu cua ADMIN l gn cc quyn ny
cho hop l. Mt h thng lm vic tt l mt h thng trong d cc USER duoc
trao quyn han vua du, c kha nng khai thc ti uu nht cc ti nguyn trn
mang.
Quyn han cua cc user di voi cc ti nguyn duoc qui dinh boi mt trong
hai cch sau:

TRUSTEE ASSIGNMENT
Quyn duoc gn truc tip boi ADMIN hoc cc WORK GROUP cho cc
USER sau khi duoc gn USER ny s duoc goi l STRUSTEE cua ti nguyn
tuong ung. Quyn STRUSTEE duoc chia lm 2 loai:
- Gn cho thu muc: STRUSTEE DIRECTORY RIGHT
- Gn cho FILES: STRUSTEE FILE RIGHT
INHERITED RIGHT MASK (Quyn thua k)
Quyn thua k duoc tu dng gn cho FILE v thu muc khi USER tao ra cc
thu muc hay FILES. Quyn thua k duoc chia lm 2 loai: quyn thua k cua thu
muc v quyn thua k cua FILES .
Quyn cua USER

- user ADMIN
Quyn c th gn di voi FILES v thu muc
+ C quyn tuyt di
+ Thay di cc quyn
Cc quyn han
- SUPERVISOR tt ca cc quyn di voi Thu muc hoc files. User c quyn
ny c th gn quyn cho cc user khc v thu muc v files

NET 55
- READ (D,F) mo FILE hay doc thu muc; khi mun chay mt chuong trnh,
xem ni dung cua 1 tp du liu phai c quyn ny.
- WRITE (D,F) Cho mo FILE v ghi cc thay di di voi FILE ny.
- CREATE (D) Tao moi tp tin v cc thu muc con
(F) Phuc hi cc tp tin sau khi tp tin bi xa
- ERASE (D) Xa 1 thu muc FILE v cc thu muc con
(F) Xa 1 tp tin
- MODIFY (D,F) Thay di thuc tnh cua thu muc v cc tp tin, di tn
FILES v tn thu muc.
- FILESCAN (D,F) Cho php lit k cc tp tin trn danh sch cc thu muc
- ACCESS CONTROL Quyn thay di TRUSTEE, INHERITED tru quyn
SUPERVISOR

4.4. Thuc tnh
Thuc tnh l tnh cht ni tai bn trong cc ti nguyn v khng phu thuc
vo cc di tuong bn ngoi. Thuc tnh l mt tc nhn b sung cho quyn han
v cng voi quyn han tao nn quyn thuc su cua USER
- ARCHIVE NEEDED (A,F,D) Duoc tu dng gn boi NOVELL NETWARE
cho cc FILES v thu muc Thuc tnh ny l bt ARCHIVE cua DOS ( DOS
c 4 thuc tnh RASH ) (Status)
- CANT COMPRESS (Cc,F) Khng nn files (Status)
- COMPRESSED (C,F) c th nn files (Status)
- COPY INHIBIT (CI, F) cm COPY tu Macintosh (Status)
- DELETE INHIBIT (D,F,D) cm xa, thuc tnh ny manh hon quyn xa
(ERASE) cua USER di voi FILES hoc thu muc (Status)
- DONT COMPRESS (DC, F,D) Khng cho php nn tp tin
- DONT MIGRATE (DM, F,D) Khng cho php di chuyn tp tin sang thit
bi luu tru thu hai (nhu dia quang)
- EXCUTE ONLY (X,F) Cm sao chp (*.com, *.exe) , thuc tnh ny chi c
SUPERVISOR c quyn gn v nu d mt ln gn th khng th xa bo
duoc nua
- HIDDEN (H,F,D) n khoi lnh DIR cua DOS
- IMMEDIATE (IM,F,D) cc files duoc gn thuc tnh ny s som bi nn
- PURGE (P,F) Thng thuong files bi xa c th duoc phuc hi bng lnh
SALVAGE,
- thuc tnh ny s lm mt tc dung cua lnh SALVAGE. Do d cc files voi
thuc tnh PURGE sau khi bi xa s khng th cuu lai duoc.
- READ ONLY (Ro,F) thuc tnh ny lun di km DELETE INHIBIT v
RENAME INHIBIT . Chi cho php doc, khng th xa hay di tn, cung
khng th thay di ni dung files . Thuc tnh ny c th bi loai bo boi user
c quyn modify di voi files ny
- READ WRITE (Rw,F) nu thuc tnh Ro bi loai bo th thuc tnh Rw s tu
dng gn.

NET 56
- RENAME INHIBIT (RI,F,D) Khng cho php di tn files hay thu muc.
Thuc tnh ny manh hon quyn MODIFY.
- SHAREABLE (S,F) Cho php duoc su dung nhu ti nguyn chung trong
mang. Thuc tnh ny dc bit huu ch trong truong hop nhiu user su dung
chung.

- SYTEM (Sy,F,D) n di voi lnh DIR, dng thoi khng cho php xa hay
sao chp.
- TRANSACTIONAL (T,F) files duoc gn thuc tnh ny s duoc bao v
trong mang boi TTS (TRANSACTIONAL TRACKING SYSTEM )


5. QUAN TRI USER V GROUP

H thng quan tri user trong NOVELL NETWARE duoc t chuc:















User l mt dinh danh bao gm tn v mt khu, mun truy nhp vo mang
phai nhp tn user v mt khu. Nhung thng tin lin quan dn user duoc tp
hop v goi l user account bao gm: tn dy du, m ta khoan muc, thng tin v
mi truong, thoi gian duoc php lm vic, nhung han ch di voi ti nguyn v
nhung quyn cua nguoi su dung di voi h thng.

- Quan tri user v group bao gm nhung cng vic co ban sau:
1- Khoi tao USER v GROUP
2- Gn quyn cho USER v GROUP
3- Ci dt han ch cua USER
4- Theo di v quan tri USER ACCOUNT
USER -ADMIN

USER USER USER
USER -MANAGER
USER - OPERATOR
USER USER USER
USER -MANAGER
GROUP

NET 57
5- Khoi tao cc OPERATOR

Cc user dc bit:

User ADMIN
- Tao, xa cc USER v GROUP
- Tao cc quyn han cua tung USER v GROUP
- Chi dinh WORKGROUP MANAGER
- Tao cc OPERATOR
- Kim sot USER ACCOUNT
- Tao cc thuc tnh cho ton b ti nguyn duoc su dung trong h thng
mang.
- Khoi tao v diu khin my in trong mang
- Xu l v diu khin ton b hoat dng cua h thng thng qua cc lnh v
tin ch cua mang.

OPERATOR : l 1 user c quyn han ngm dinh d thuc hin mt s nhim vu,
c 3 loai OPERATOR
- FILESERVER CONSOLE OPERATOR nguoi c quyn su dung
FCONSOLE d kim sot cc lin kt mang, gui cc thng dip h thng.
- PRINT SERVER OPERATOR quyn duoc diu khin cng vic in trn
PRINT SERVER
- PRINT QUEUE OPERATOR quyn diu khin cc hng doi cua PRINT
SERVICE
- Tt ca cc OPERATOR du do ADMIN khoi tao v giao quyn.

Thit k h thng users groups

5.1. Quan tri USER
Quan tri user thng qua chuong trnh NETADMIN
Tao USER

- Trong thuc don cua NETADMIN :


- Chon Manage object


NET 58

Trn mn hnh hin thi danh sch cc object (user, group, printer ...)

Bm INSERT d tao user moi, trn mn hnh hin thi:



- Chon USER, bm tn user moi

- Ci dt cc thng s cho user: cc thng s cn xc dinh cho user chnh l
cc han ch cua user bao dam cho su an ton v bao mt cua h thng
- Trong thuc don cua NETADMIN (Object, Class)
Chon tn cua USER trong danh sch
Trn mn hnh hin thi thuc don d c th ci dt, hiu chinh cc tham s cua
user



NET 59

Chon View or edit properties or this object



Cc tham s sau dy cn hiu chinh:



ACCOUNT RESTRICTION

- ACCOUNT DISABLE: YES user khng duoc php vo mang
No user duoc php vo mang

- ACCOUNT HAS EXPRIRATION DATE
NO user vo mang voi tn mnh trong cng mt thoi gian
YES user chi c th vo mang voi tn mnh tai workstation nhiu
nht l s ln duoc chi ra trong MAXIMUM CONECTION
- ALLOW USER TO CHANGE PASSWORD
YES user c quyn thay di mt khu
NO user khng c quyn thay di mt khu

- MINIMUM PASSWORD LENGTH: d di ti thiu mt khu
- FORCE PERIODIC PASSWORD CHANGES
YES user bt buc thay di mt khu dinh ky
CHANGE PASSWORD thay di mt khu
LOGIN SCRIPT khoi tao hay sua ni dung cua USER LOGIN SCRIPT
Time RESCTRICTIONS Khai bo han ch v thoi gian lm vic cua user
trong h thng
VOLUMES/DISK RESCTRICTIONS khai bo han ch v dung luong khng
gian trong cc VOLUMES m cc user ny c th su dung.

NET 60


TRUSTEE DIRECTORY ASSIGNMENT

TRUSTEE FILE ASSIGNMENT

Hai lua tron trn dng d gn quyn tuong duong cho user su dung directory
v files
ADMIN hoc MANAGER c th gn quyn tuong duong cho mt user
ngang voi mt user hoc mt nhm khc.

- Chay trnh NETADMIN
- Chon USER , Chon View or edit right to files and directories


Chon Volume object name d nhp tn volume cn gn quyn (c th bm
ENTER sau d INSERT d chon trn danh sch)
Bm F10 hin thi quyn truy nhp cc thu muc v cc files cua user

- Chon SECURITY EQUIVALENCES

Trong cua s bm INSERT d gn quyn, hoc DETETE d huy bo quyn
trong danh sch.

Quyn
truy nhp

NET 61


5.2. Quan tri GROUP

Khoi tao GROUP
- Chay NETADMIN
Trn mn hnh hin thi danh sch cc object (user, group, printer ...)


Bm INSERT, chon GROUP d tao tn cho GROUP

B sung, bot cc thnh vin cua nhm
- Chay NETADMIN ... , chon group, chon view or edit properties of this
object
- Chon group members



Bm INSERT d thm user vo group.
Trn Novell Netware 4.x Group administration l mt group dc bit, thnh
vin cua group ny c quyn tuong duong voi ADMIN

Khoi tao OPERATOR
Tao FILESERVER CONSOLE OPERATORS
- Chay NETADMIN
- Chon object Netware Server


NET 62

Chon Identification


- Chon OPERATOR , chon user gn thnh operator

Cc OPERATOR khc duoc khoi tao bng PCONSOLE

5.3. Quan tri USER ACCOUNT
Quan tri USER ACCOUNT l chuc nng cho php quan tri v theo di tin
trnh lm vic cua tung USER trong h thng. H thng ti khoan cng no
ACCOUNTING SYSTEM cua NOVELL NETWARE cho php kim tra v tin
hnh tnh ton cu th trn cc tham s.
- Doc du liu: Khi luong du liu USER d tin hnh doc trn cc
VOLUMES cua SERVER
= h s * s don vi doc
S don vi doc: BLOCK/30 (1BLOCK=4KB NOVELL NETWARE )
H s c th thay di theo tung don vi thoi gian l 30 pht trong ngy (48 h
s/ngy)
- Ghi du liu: Khi luong du liu duoc ghi trn cc VOLUMES cua
SERVER
Cch tnh tuong tu nhu di voi doc du liu
- Thoi gian lm vic: Tng thoi gian user lm vic trn mang, don vi tnh l
30 pht
=h s * s don vi lm vic
-Thoi gian kt ni trong mang: tng s thoi gian user kt ni trong h thng,
don vi tnh l 30 pht
=h s * s don vi lm vic
- Dung luong dia d duoc su dung: Tng dung luong dia d duoc su dung

NET 63
- Cc dich vu m user d tin hnh trn SERVER. Cc dich vu ny duoc th
hin thnh nhung request (yu cu) gui ln SERVER nhu E-mail, in n trn
mang ...

5.4. Thao tc vi USER ACCOUNT
Ci dt Accounting system
- Chay NETADMIN, chon server cn ci dt, chon View or edit properties of
this object


- Chon ACCOUNTING


- Chon YES d ci dt


Dt cc yu cu:
- BLOCK READ CHARGE RATES: ci dt h s tnh ton khi luong doc
dia
- BLOCK WRITTEN CHARGE RATES: ci dt h s tnh ton khi luong
ghi dia
- CONNECT TIME CHARGE RATES: ci dt h s tnh ton thoi gian truy
cp
- SERVICE REQUEST CHARGE RATES : ci dt h s dich vu mang d
yu cu

Xa SERVER ACOUNT
- Chay NETADMIN
- Chon cc buoc ging trn, chon Acounting server , bm DELETE


NET 64

- Danh sch cc SERVER ACCOUNT xut hin, bm DELETE d xa

Tnh cng no
D tnh cng no (BALANCE) cua mt user :
- Chay NETADMIN
- Chon user trong danh sch, chon View or edit properties of this object


- Thuc hin ACCOUNT BALANCE

Trn mn hnh hin thi thuc don, cn din cc tham s:
Account balance:
Din s
Allow unlimited credit: (Yes: khng gioi han ti khoan, No: gioi han)
6. LOGIN SCRIPTS
6.1. Khi nim:
Nhung lnh cn thuc hin mt cch tu dng khi USER ni vo mang duoc
tp hop v ghi trong mt tp duoc goi l LOGIN SCRIPT. LOGIN SCRIPT
dng vai tr nhu AUTOEXEC cua DOS .
NOVELL NETWARE phn bit 3 LOGIN SCRIPT
- SYSTEM LOGIN SCRIPT

NET 65
Chua cc lnh m moi user thuc organization ny khi vo mang s duoc
thuc hin. LOGIN SCRIPT duoc khoi tao bng ADMIN
- PROFILE LOGIN SCRIPT chua cc lnh trong mt object, c th gn d
mt s user c th thuc hin LOGIN SCRIPT ny.
- PERSONAL LOGIN SCRIPT
Chua cc lnh ring bit cn thuc hin cua user khi vo mang . Mi user c
th khoi tao ring cho mnh mt USER LOGIN SCRIPT.
- DEFAULT LOGIN SCRIPT ngm dinh cua moi user khi USER LOGIN
SCRIPT cua user ny chua duoc khoi tao


6.2. Khoi tao LOGIN SCRIPT
Khoi tao SYSTEM LOGIN SCRIPT

- Chay NETADMIN

- Chon tn Oganizational Unit
- Bm F10, chon View or edit properties of this object
- Chon SYSTEM LOGIN SCRIPT
Khoi tao hoc hiu chinh SYSTEM LOGIN SCRIPT vit ging nhu trn h
soan thao vn ban
Khoi tao PERSONAL LOGIN SCRIPT
- Chay NETADMIN
- Chon tn user, bm F10, chon View or edit properties of this object
- Chon LOGIN SCRIPT
Khoi tao hoc hiu chinh LOGIN SCRIPT vit ging nhu trn h soan thao
vn ban
Khoi tao PROFILE LOGIN SCRIPT
- Tao mt PROFILE (l mt object, ging nhu tao mt user)
- Gn quyn, vit LOGIN SCRIPT ...
- Gn quyn su dung PROFILE ny cho user
+ Trong NETADMIN chon user , chon View or edit properties of this
object , chon Group/Security/Equals/Profile
USER Kim tra v thuc hin
LOGIN SCRIPT
Kim tra
USER LOGIN SCRIPT
Thuc hin cc
LOGIN SCRIPT
Thuc hin
DEFAULT LOGIN
SCRIPT
LOGIN
C
Khng

NET 66

+ Chon PROFILE v gn tn PROFILE


6.3. Cc lnh h thng trong LOGIN SCRIPT
1. COMSPEC
Chuc nng: Khi kt thc 1 ung dung bao gio DOS cung nap lai
COMMAND.COM, lnh ny chi duong dn h thng chua tp
COMMAND.COM d h diu hnh nap lai tp tin ny.
C php: COMSPEC <D:> <PATH> COMMAND.COM
2. DRIVE
Chuc nng: Chuyn dia lm vic, dt dia mang ( duoc nh xa-MAP) nhu
l dia DOS mc nhin.
C php:
DRIVE <D:>
DRIVE *n:
n thu tu dia mang
3. # (exec)
- Chuc nng: Thi hnh mt lnh ngoai tr ngay trong LOGIN SCRIPT sau d
quay tro v
- C php: # <Tn lnh>
Ch : Chi thuc hin cc lnh ngoai tr
- Khng nap cc TSR (thuong tr)
- # nm trn 1 dng
4. EXIT
- Chuc nng: Ngung thi hnh cc lnh cn lai cua LOGIN SCRIPT v
chuyn v DOS thuc hin tip
- C php: EXIT
EXIT Lnh
- Ch : SERVER, STATION phai tuong thch voi IBM
- Lnh sau EXIT phai nm trong dia d duoc nh xa
5. IF ... THEN
- Chuc nng: cho php LOGIN SCRIPT thuc hin quyt dinh dua trn 1 s
diu kin
C php:
IF diu kin THEN lnh
IF diu kin AND diu kin THEN lnh
IF diu kin THEN BEGIN
Lnh
(ELSE)

NET 67
Lnh
END
6. WRITE
- Chuc nng: hin thi mt doan vn ban ln mn hnh
- C php :
WRITE Text;more text ; identifier (bin h thng)
WRITE Text %Bin
(Tn bin phai vit chu in hoa)
* Danh sch cc bin :
DAY S ngy trong thng (1-31)
DAY_OF_WEEK Tn ngy trong tun (MONDAY, TUESDAY..)
HOUR gio hin hnh (1-12)
GREETING_TIME morning, afternoon , evening theo dng h
MONTH Thng (1-12)

FULL_NAME Tn dy du cua USER
LOGIN_NAME Tn user khi ni vo mang

STATION Chi s cua tram lm vic
P_STATION Vi tr vt l cua tram lm vic
OS Tn cua h diu hnh
Cc bin cua DOS

7. Lnh MAP

7. QUAN TRI DICH VU IN TRN MANG
7.1.Tng quan v cng vic in trn mang (DOS client)












- PRINT SERVICE d duoc ci dt
- o FILESERVER d duoc nap PSERVER
FILESERVER
WS WS WS
WS
Terminator Terminator
PRINTER

NET 68
- o WORKSTATION : d duoc chun bi khoi tao cng my in vo mang v
chuyn du liu ra PRINT SERVER
- o WORKSTATION c ni my in: my in d duoc ni vo mang
- o cc chuong trnh ung dung: Khoi tao my in, khoi tao cng in (LPT
logic)

7.2. Ci dt PRINT SERVER , ci dt my in, ci dt PRINT QUEUE,
Nguoi thuc hin (user): ADMIN

Chay PCONSOLE

- Ci dt PRINT SERVER

+ Chon PRINT SERVERS : Khai bo tn PRINT SERVER


- Ci dt my in
+ Chon PRINTER, khai bo tn my in



Tip theo nhp vo cc thng s k thut cua my
- Ci dt print queue
Trong thuc don PCONSOLE

NET 69
+ Chon PRINT QUEUES : g tn queue
+ Chon QUEUE SERVERS d gn queue cho print server d duoc ci dt
o phn trn
Thuc don QUEUE USER dng d gn cc user duoc quyn su dung cc
queue ny
Thuc don QUEUE OPERATOR dng d gn USER diu khin hng doi in;
cc user ny c quyn xem v diu khin print jobs huy hay thay di thu tu in
- Gn cc printer duoc ci dt cho print queue
+ Chon PRINT SERVERS
+ Chon PRINTER
Mt danh sch cc printer d ci dt xut hin, voi mi my in lm nhu sau:
+ Printer queues assigned d gn QUEUE
+ G thu tu uu tin PRIORITY
Khoi dng PRINT SERVER tai FILE SERVER
Trong tp AUTOEXEC.CNF vit dng lnh
LOAD PSERVER <Tn PRINT SERVER>
Khai bo, chun bi duong truyn du liu cho WORK STASTION
- Dng lnh CAPTURE
C th dng lnh ny o autoexec hoc trong login script
C php : CAPTURE q=<tn print queue> L=<tu 1 dn 3 dy l tn cng
LPT> ....
C th c thm mt s tham s:
NB Bo qua trang tiu d cua cng vic in
NT Khng thay di k tu TAB
NF My in khng ko trang truoc khi in
...
7.3. O work station : ni my in vi mang
- Chay NPRINTER
- Chon PRINT SERVER chon my in cn ni vo mang
O work station : chun bi cho vic in, nhu khai bo cng my in, my in ...
Thng thuong cc chuong trnh ung dung thuong duoc chun bi cng in d
c th gui tn hiu ra my in. Cng ny c th l LPT1, LPT2 cng in vt l
LPT1, LPT2, LPT3 cng in LOGIC. Truoc khi gui in phai khai bo cng in s
in ra, cng in duoc chon phai tuong ung voi cng in duoc khai bo trong
CAPTURE

7.4. T chc my in PRINT SERVER






FILESERVER
WS WS WS
WS
Terminator Terminator
PRINTER
Printer port

NET 70






- My in duoc ni truc tip voi mang qua b diu khin cm o cng my in
(Printer connection)
- Tao PRINT SERVER : thao tc ging nhu truong hop my in ni vo my
tnh
- Chay chuong trnh SETUP cua Printer connection): chon v din cc tham
s
+ Type: manual load (remote)
+ Port: other
8. MOT SO LENH CO BAN CUA NOVELL NETWARE
8.1. Lnh NDIR

Chc nng: Xem cc thng tin v tp, thu muc v volume.

C php:
NDIR / Tham s
V du:
NDIR
Hin thi danh sch tp tin, cc thng tin v tp o thu muc hin thoi.

8.2. Lnh NCOPY


NET 71
Chc nng: sao chp tp v thu muc
C php: NCOPY Tham s ngun Tham s dch [Options]
V du: NCOPY *.* C:\ /S
Copy tt c cc tp, cc thu muc con thu muc hin thi
sang dia C:\
8.3. Lnh Login.
Chc nng: cho php user truy nhp vo mang Novell Netware
C php:
V du:
Login [/Ver] [[Server|Tree]/user name] [/optional]
Cc option:
/Ver: Cho bit version mang ta login
/NS: Khi vo mang khng chay cc lnh trong login script.
/CLS Khi vo mang, xo mn hnh sau khi chay cc lnh trong login
script.
/S filename Chay cc lnh login script trong file c tn l filename.
/NB Khng hin thi bang (banner) trn mn hnh khi login.

8.4. Lnh Logout.
Chc nng: ra khoi mang, tram lm vic chi nhn thy thu muc LOGIN cua
my chu, truoc khi tt my nguoi su dung cn thuc hin lnh ny.
C php:
LOGOUT [server name | T | /Ver]
Cc option:
Server name Ra khoi my chu c tn l server name.
/T Ra khoi mang d lai dich vu thu muc bindery connection
/Ver Ra khoi mang v cho bit version cua mang dang su dung.
V du:
My dang lm vic (login) voi 3 my chu c tn l FS1, FS2 v FS3.
Mun ra khoi my chu FS1, ta g lnh: Logout FS1
Mun ra khoi tt ca cc my chu, ta g: Logout

8.5. Lnh NLIST.
a. Chc nng: cho bit cc thng tin v cc user, group v cc di tuong
khc.
C php:
NLIST Class type [property search option] [display option] [basic option]
Classtype: c cc loai nhu sau:

Server
Computer
Profile
Alias

NET 72
Directory map
Organization Unit
User
Group
Volume
Print queue
Printer
Print server
Organization
AFP server


V du:
Nlist Server
Nlist "directory map"

Nlist "organization"
Xem cc server trong context hin
tai.
Xem nh xa dia cua tram lm vic
hin tai.
Xem cc muc t chuc cua mang.

b. Chi dinh cc option trong khi xem cc di tuong.
C php:
NLIST Classtype [=object name] [basic option]
Cc option:
/A Xem cc user v server.
/Ver Cho bit version mang ta dang lm vic.
/Tree Xem cc cy thu muc.
/B Xem cc Server trong ch d bindery
/S Xem cc Server trong context hin tai.
V du

Nlist server /S
Nlist server /B
Nlist User /A
Nlist Volume /CO "O =
FPT"

Lit k cc Server trong context
hin tai
Lit k cc Server trong ch d
Bindery
Xem cc user dang login
Xem cc volume trong context
O = FPT
c. Chon d liu no s xem.

NET 73
C php:
NLIST Classtype [=object name] [display option]
Cc option:
/D Xem chi tit ton b (detail).
/N Chi xem tn di tuong thi.
Show property chi dinh thuc tnh cn xem l property
V du:
Nlist Group = Manager /D
Nlist User = ThangC /D
Nlist User Show
"telephone", "street address"
Xem thng tin chi tit trong nhm
Manager
Xem thng tin chi tit cua user ThangC
Xem dia chi, s din thoai cua ton b cc
user.

8. 6. Lnh MAP.
Chc nng: n dinh tn dia logic toi mt duong dn (hay mt thu muc).
C php:
MAP [option | /ver] [search:=[driver:=]] [driver:=] [path] [/w]
Cc option:
INS Thm mt duong dn (insert).
DEL Xo mt duong dn (delete).
N Thm mt duong dn voi tn dia hop l tip theo.
R Thm dia nhu l thu muc gc.
/VER Cho bit version mang ta dang su dung.
/W Khng thay di (ghi lai) mi truong chnh.
V du
Map N TH/SYS:Login


Map S10:=W:=TH/Data:setup


MAP R H:= TH/data:User/KT
Thm mt duong dn voi tn
dia hop l tip theo, chi toi thu
muc Login trong Volume SYS cua
my chu tn l TH.
Thm duong dn thu 10 voi tn
dia logic l W chi toi duong dn
l thu muc setup trong volume c
tn Data cua my chu TH.
An dinh dia logic gc H l
thu muc KT trong volume c tn

NET 74
Data cua my chu TH.

8.7. Lnh WHOAMI
Chc nng: cho bit nguoi dang vo mang tai tram lm vic hin tai l ai.
C php:
Whoami [Server] [/S] [/G] [/W] [/R] [/O] [/ALL] [/C] [/VER]
Cc option:
Server: Chi dinh tn my chu, d trng nu mun xem ton b cc my chu
c lin quan.
/S Cho bit quyn tuong duong (voi ai) cua nguoi dang login.
/G Cho bit nguoi dang login thuc nhm no.
/W Cho bit thng tin v nhm cua nguoi dang login.
/R Cho bit cc quyn su dung mang cua nguoi dang login.
/C Cho php xem tung trang mn hnh.
/Ver Cho bit version mang dang su dung.

8.8. Lnh SETPASS.
Chc nng: Thay di mt khu cua user dang trong mang.
C php:
Setpass [Ver] [[Server name/] [username]
Cc option:
/Ver cho bit version mang dang su dung.
Servername thay di mt khu trong my chu c tn l Servername
Username thay di mt khu cua user khc c tn Username (nu ta c
quyn)

8.9. Lnh SEND.
Chc nng: gui mt thng bo toi mt di tuong.
C php:
Send "message" [TO] <object>
Cc option:
message dng thng bo m ta mun gui.
object di tuong m ta cn gui thng bo toi (user, group, server).
V du:
Send "Hi" to Guest
Send "Good Morning" to FIS
Gui thng bo "Hi" toi user tn l Guest
Gui thng bo " Good Morning " toi group tn
l FIS

NET 75

8.10. Lnh Rconsole.
Chc nng: Dng d thao tc voi my chu v cc lnh trn n o tram lm
vic (remote console).
C php: Rconsole Tn my chu
Nu khng vo tn my chu, my s dua ra danh sch cc my chu dang
hoat dng v hoi ta mun lm vic voi my chu no, v dang connection cua
tram lm vic dang dng.

8.11. Lnh Filer
Chc nng: tin ch v thu muc v tp tin


C php: Dy l mt trnh lm theo giao din thuc don, cc chuc nng co
ban duoc th hin nhu sau:
- Manage files and directories: Sao chp, xem, thay di, quyn han v thuc
tnh cua tp tin, thu muc.
Sau khi lua chon thu muc v tp tin, thuc don cui cng cho php thuc
hin cc chuc nng nhu sau:


- Manage according to search pattern: tm kim tp tin
- View volume information: Xem cc thng tin v volume
- Salvage deleted files: Khhoi phuc tp tin bi xa, nu chua dng lnh Purge
Purge deleted files: xa vinh vin tp tin



NET 76
PHAN III
HE DIEU HNH MANG WINDOWS 2000

1. TONG QUAN VE MICROSOFT WINDOWS 2000
1.1. Windows 2000 Server
Windows 2000 Server l h diu hnh trn cc File Server d quan l mang
cuc b, mang din rng cung nhu phuc vu cc ung dung, dy l phin ban k
tip cua Windows NT Server. Windows 2000 Server cho php quan l, chia se
thng tin, truy nhp my in v cc thit bi ngoai vi trn mang. N cung cp co
so ha tng ung dung, h tro nhiu giai php nghip vu cho cc h quan tri co so
du liu, cc ung dung khc cua Oracle, Sybase, Btrieve, v.v. ... Windows 2000
Server c nhiu tnh nng moi so voi phin ban Windows NT Server.
C bn phin ban cua h diu hnh Windows 2000, mt phin ban dnh cho
cc my tram (workstation) v cc phin ban khc l cc cp d phuc tap dnh
cho server khc nhau.
Windows 2000 Professional
Phin ban "Professional" duoc dnh cho cc my tram k tip ban Windows
NT4 Workstation. Phin ban ny c th su dung trong vn phng cc doanh
nghip v cc chuyn gia voi cc tnh nng v cu hnh v bao mt mo rng.
Giao din Windows 2000 Professional tuong tu nhu Windows 95/98 trn mn
hnh nhung hon ton khc v mt k thut. N hon ton khng phai l mt san
phm k thua truc tip voi Windows 95 hay 98 v khng dnh d su dung tai
nh. Phin ban Professional s c th dng dng thoi hai chip xu l (nu duoc
ci dt).
Windows 2000 Server
Dy l ty chon dnh cho server co so trong cc doanh nghip trung bnh v
nho v km thm mt Web server, thit bi du cui, v cc dich vu truy cp tu
xa. N s c th h tro toi bn b xu l duoc ci dt dng thoi trn mt my
tnh.
Windows 2000 Advanced Server
Advanced Server giu vai tr cua "Phin ban NT Enterprise" voi vic c th
h tro dn tm b vi xu l ci dt dng thoi. N dnh d thuc hin cc co so du
liu chuyn su.
Windows 2000 Datacenter Server

NET 77
Xut hin vo cui nm 2000 l phin ban v Windows 2000 rt manh di
voi cc mang lon nhu l cng ty, trong cc truong dai hoc, hoc vin. C th su
dung dng thoi dn 16 b xu l v 64 GB b nho.


1.2. Activate Directory (AD)
a. Khi nim
AD l mt dich vu cua Windows 2000 Server, l co so du liu cua h thng
c chuc nng nhm quan l ton b h thng ti nguyn cua mang. Thit lp,
quan l v cung cp cc dich vu mang cho nguoi dng.
- Vn d bao mt: AD cung cp cc cng cu nhm xc minh (authentication)
v cp php (authorization) cho nguoi dng mang d c th truy cp mang, dng
thoi ngn chn nhung truy cp bt hop php.
+ Duy tr mt danh ba v nguoi dng v cc di tuong khc trn mang.
+ Tp trung cc danh ba d hnh thnh mt Server truy nhp.
- Vn d tm kim thng tin trn mang:
+ Tm kim tn cc server thng qua tn
+ Tm kim, giai dp tn qua IP
- Phn cp quan tri mang
- Lin lac v sao chp thng tin trn mang lon
- C th quan l mt h thng mang rt lon




b. Cc noi dung, dc dim cua AD
Min (domain)
Don vi bao mt cua Windows 2000 dng luu tru co so du liu nguoi dng
mang, Server luu tru CSDL ny duoc goi l domain controller, Active Directory
server hay c th duoc goi l Logon server. Nhm cc my phai thng qua my
domain controller d bit thng tin xc minh v nguoi dng duoc goi l mt
domain (min), Microsoft cho php luu tru 1,5 triu ti khoan nguoi dng trn
mt domain. Mi mt my server W2k c chua mt ban sao ti khoan nguoi
dng muc mang th duoc coi l mt domain controller.
Nhm (group)

NET 78
Tp hop mt nhm di tuong no d trn mang cng mt s quyn, hoc
cng chiu chung mt chnh sch quan l duoc coi l mt nhm (group), quyn
cua di tuong ny s duoc gn gin tip thng qua group, di tuong no l thnh
vin cua nhm s c tt ca cc quyn cua nhm ny. D p dung cc chnh sch
ln nhm, Windows 2000 cho php c th tao nhm chua nguoi dng, nhm
chua cc my trn mang. Cc nhm c th duoc lng vo nhau su hon mt cp,
song khng duoc php d qui. Windows 2000 cung cp bn loai nhm:
- Machine local group (nhm my cuc b): nhm ny c chuc nng cho my
cuc b, n c th chua cc nhm min cuc b, nhm ton min, nhm chung.
- Domain local group (nhm min cuc b): nhm c chuc nng cho mt min,
n c th chua cc nhm khc min l chng cng mt min voi domain
local group ny.
- Nhm ton min (global group): nhm c chuc nng cho nhiu min
- Nhm chung (universal group): c th chua bt ky mt global hoc mt
universal group no
D tuong thch voi tn min o phin ban truoc Windows NT, khi ci dt
Windows 2000 d ngm dinh ch d quan l tn min hn hop (mixed mode),
n khng tao ra cc nhm universal. Nu tt ca cc my domain controller trong
mang du ci windows 2000 th c th chuyn sang ch d native mode v c
th thuc hin duoc cc nhm universal.
Kch thuoc cc nhm duoc windows 2000 gioi han o muc 5000 thnh vin,
nu mun tao nhm c s thnh vin lon hon th cn phai tao ra mt s nhm
nho sau d dt s nhm ny vo mt nhm khc.

on vi to chuc (Organizational unit OU)
Windows 2000 chia min thnh don vi nho hon d l OU, OU duoc tao ra v
c th duoc trao quyn kim sot goi l su uy quyn kim sot (delagating
control). Mt hoc mt tp hop nguoi dng c th duoc trao quyn kim sot
ny.
ia bn (site)
Si te duoc AD dng d quan l theo gic d dia l cua mang, mi khu vuc
duoc kt ni bng LAN th duoc goi l mt site. D quan l windows 2000 cn
duoc cng cp thng tin chi tit v cch b tr vt l cua mang, n c th tnh ra
noi no c nhung duong lin kt LAN, WAN. Khi cn sao chp du liu qua lai
giua cc domain controller, n s nn du liu, dng nhung thng tin v route d
tnh ra duong truyn du liu tt nht.
Cy cua cc min (tree of
domains)





root.com
sub.root.com
other.sub.root.com

NET 79











H thng tn min trong cc doanh nghip c mang da min duoc xy dung
theo cu trc hnh cy. Min du tin duoc goi l gc (root), cc min duoi n
duoc goi l min con (child domain), duoi n c th c mt s cp nua.
Windows 2000 c th tu dng tao cc quan h uy quyn giua mi min v min
con.


Rung cua cc min (forest of domains)
Tp hop cc cy (tree) duoc khop lai goi l rung (forest), cc cy trong rung
c cu trc ging nhu mt cy, nu xt theo cc mi quan h uy quyn. C th
quyt dinh min du tin duoc tao ra s l gc (root).


1. 3. Dia chi trong giao thc TCP/IP
a. Khi nim
Dia chi cua nt l dia chi thuc th hay dia chi cua thit bi trn mang, d xc
dinh vi tr cua nt mang TCP/IP su dung nguyn tc dnh s duy nht goi l dia
chi IP. Tt ca cc thit bi trn mang no su dung b giao thuc TCP/IP du cn
mt dia chi IP dc nht. Dia chi IP duoc dng ph bin hin tai goi l (IPv4 -
Internet Protocol Address Version 4), v cu tao IPv4 c 32 bit, trn l thuyt
IPv4 c th cung cp 2
32
= 4 294 967 296 dia chi. Tuy nhin voi s luong dia chi
trn th chi c th cung cp cho h thng mang doanh nghip. Ngy nay khi
Internet d tro nn ph bin, tc d tng truong cua mang rt cao, IPv4 khng
dp ung duoc. Nhm chuyn trch v k thut cua t chuc Hip hi Internet
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) d d xut v thuc hin dia chi th h
moi IPv6 (IP Address Version 6). V cu tao IPv6 c 128 bit, trn l thuyt IPv6
cung cp 2
128
= 340 282 366 920 938 463 463 374 607 431 768 211 456 dia chi.
b. Xc dinh dia chi IP(v4)
- Cch cu tao: (4 bytes)
X.X.X.X
X=0 255

NET 80
Cch nhau du chm (.)
IP chia lm 5 lop: theo gi tri cua X

X Lop (class) Subnet mask
1 - 126 A 255.0.0.0
128 191 B 255.255.0.0
192 223 C 255.255.255.5
224 - 239 D Dia chi dc bit
240 - 247 E Chua dng toi


- Dia chi mt luoi: IP duoc chia lm 2 phn: dia chi mt luoi (Network
portion or netid), dia chi my tnh (host portion or hostid).

Lop Dia chi mt luoi Dia chi my tnh trong luoi
A
9.67.5.12
X.0.0.0
9.0.0.0
X.X.X
67.5.12
B
150.5.7.9
X.X.0.0
150.5.0.0
X.X
7.9
C
212.15.17.19
X.X.X.0
212.15.17.0
X
19

Voi nguyn tc ny cc Routers cn cu vo dia chi mt luoi v s chuyn
tip b tin tu mt luoi ny qua mt luoi khc cho toi khi dng dia chi cua mt
luoi d. Khi b tin d toi dng mt luoi Routers chuyn b tin cho my nhn cn
cu vo phn dia chi cua my nhn.

2. CI DAT WINDOWS 2000 SERVER
2.1. Mt s vn d chung
H thong files trn cua MicroSoft
- FAT cua DOS, dng trn DOS, NT, Windows 2000; c th dinh dang khi
setup. FAT cho php truy nhp tu cc h diu hnh khc nhu Windows NT,
Windows 9.X, DOS. Windows NT, W2000 khng h tro ch d bao mt trn
FAT
- FAT32 dng trn Windows 98 v cc phin ban tip theo, Windows 2000
khng h tro ch d bao mt trn FAT32
- NTFS 4 cua NT, NTFS 5 cua Windows 2000; c th dinh dang khi setup.
Cc h diu hnh khc khng th truy nhp. Windows NT, Windows 2000 h
tro ch d bao mt trn NTFS, ch d bao mt d duoc nng cp trn NTFS 5.
- HPFS h thng files c ch d thuc hin cao dng trn NT v OS/2 ; khng
dinh dang khi setup

NET 81


Tn SERVER
- L mt dy k tu dai din cho my tnh
- Qui uoc dt tn: Theo qui dinh cua h diu hnh, ngn gon, c qui lut
Chon lua cch kt noi mang
- Giao thuc: TCP/IP, NetBEUI
- Quan h thnh vin cua server
+ Xc dinh: thnh vin cua nhm cng tc, thnh vin cua min, hay mt
Domain Controller
+ C th khng cn quyt dinh vai tr khi ci dt, chi cn lua chon cho my
tham gia mt nhm cng tc hay mt min, sau khi ci dt xong c th thng
cp my thnh DC.
- Cc thnh phn b xung
Dich vu khc nhu Internet Information Server, dich vu DHCP, c th
khng cn phai lua chon khi ci dt, nhung dich vu ny s duoc b xung khi
mang c nhu cu

Van d cap php: lua chon mt trong nhung cch cp php sau
- Cp php theo ch ngi (per-seat licensing): Di hoi mi my khch trn
mang khi truy cp vo server du phai c giy php ring cua n. Cn phai
tnh trn mang c bao nhiu my khch v khai bo s ch ngi. Theo cch
ny s khng cn tnh dn c bao nhiu mi lin kt (connection) dng thoi
tu cc my khch vo cng mt server, hoc mi my khch giu bao nhiu
mi ni kt voi cc server.
- Cp php theo server (per-server licensing): di hoi mi ni kt ni giua my
khch voi server phai c mt giy php, nu mt my khch ni voi 5 server
khc nhau th s cn 5 giy php.

2.2. Ci dt windows 2000 server
a. Yu cau co ban
Yu cau v phan cung:Toi thiu
- Pentium 166
- 64 MB RAM
- HD 850 MB thm 100 MB ung voi 64 MB RAM b nho bi thiu
- Cc phn cung khc phai tuong thch voi Windows 2000, danh sch phn
cung duoc ghi trn dia CD ci dt v trn trang Web
www.microsoft.com/hwtest/hcl
- Card mang, dy mang d duoc lp dt, luu v kiu card mang (ISA, PCI),
cu hnh card mang nhu IRQ, dia chi I/O, nhung thng s khc v card mang.
- Cc thit bi ngoai vi khc nhu my in: kiu, cng my in; MODEM ...

NET 82
- Loai vi xu l (Intel, Alpha, ...) thu muc I386 chua phn SETUP cho Intel v
tuong thch. Khi ci dt chay SETUP o thu muc thch hop, hoc b dia ci dt
duoc dng cho b vi xu l ph hop.
Phan mm:
- Dia ci dt tu CD ROM
- Cc Driver cho thit bi

Chuan bi
- Thit lp cu hnh trong BIOS cua my tnh: nu d ch d PnP, th cn dnh
IRQ cho cc tht bi cu theo chun ISA nhu card mang, card m thanh.
- Chun bi dia cung:
+ Nu dng ton b dia cung cho Windows 2000: khng cn phn chia
Partition, dinh dang (format) truoc.
+ Nu chi dng 1 phn cua dia cung: cn phn chia Partition, c th dinh dang
(format) truoc.


b. Mot so phuong php ci dt:

Ci dt tu dia cung
- Giai doan 1: chun bi v bt du ci dt
Chun bi dia cung: Tao trn dia cung 2 Primary Partition (FAT16 hoc
FAT32) trong d c 1 Partition c th khoi dng duoc tu DOS ( dia C: ),
Partition thu hai c th su dung d ghi chp cc tp tin ci dt ( dia D: ). Sao
chp ton b thu muc I386 o dia ci dt vo dia D:
Sau khi my tnh d khoi dng tu DOS, chay tp Winnt.exe trong thu muc
I386, trn mn hnh hin thi hp hi thoai d xc dinh duong dn cua tp cc tin
ci dt (Enter the path where Windows 2000 files are to be found), nu trn mn
hnh d hin thi dng duong dn , bn Enter d tip tuc.
Chuong trnh setup cua Windows bt du thuc hin vic ci dt: sao chp
cc tp tin cn thit ln dia cung, trn mn hnh hin thi qu trnh sao chp tp
tin (Setup is copying files ), sau khi sao chp xong my tnh yu cu khoi
dng lai.

- Giai doan 2
Sau khi khoi dng lai chuong trnh setup tm kim cc thit bi trn my , qua
giai doan ny my dung lai d yu cu xc dinh: ci dt Windows 2000 tu du
hoc ci dt kiu sua li (repair) nu trn dia cung d ci Windows 2000. Bn
Enter d tip tuc ci dt, trn mn hnh hin thi cc thng tin v ban quyn
(Windows 2000 Licensing Agreement), bm F8 d tip tuc. Tip theo trn mn
hnh hin thi tt ca cc Partition cua dia cung m c th ci dt Windows 2000,

NET 83
cn xc dinh cc Partition s ci dt. Sau khi chon Partition tip tuc lua chon
cu trc h thng files:


+ Convert the partition to NTFS: Chuyn cu trc tp tin sang dang NTFS
+ Leave the current file system intact (no changes): Giu nguyn cu trc
tp tin cu
Thuc hin mt trong hai lua chon trn, my s khoi dng lai v chuyn sang
giai doan 3, giai doan mn hnh Graphic.
- Giai doan 3
Sau khi khoi dng lai, trnh setup thuc hin vic xc dinh v ci dt thit bi
trn my (Installing devices), cng vic ny din ra kh lu nu gp cc thit bi
m Windows 2000 khng th ci dt duoc c th dn dn treo my, kt thc qu
trnh ci dt m khng thnh cng. Tip theo thuc hin cc lua chon v ngn
ngu, bn phm su dung (Regional settings), bm Next d tip tuc. Cc lua chon
tip theo:

+ Xc dinh tn nguoi v t chuc (co quan) su dung h diu hnh.

+ Xc dinh Product key: bm chnh xc cc k tu vo cc theo mu sau,
sau d chon Next

NET 84


+ Xc dinh kiu cp php (licensing) c hai kiu d c th lua chon per-
server v per-seat

+ Xc dinh tn my tnh (Computer name) v mt khu cua user quan tri
mang (Administrator)



+ Xc dinh cc thnh phn cua Windows (Add or remove components of
windows 2000), nu d cc tham s ngm dinh, bm Next.
+ Xc dinh ngy, go , mi gio quc t cua h thng
+ Ci dt cc thng s mang (Networking settings): c hai lua chon Typical
setting hoc Custom settings, bm Next. Tip theo xc dinh cc tham s trn
Workgroup or computer domain. Chon NO, v bm trn workgroup mt
dy k tu d c th lm tn cho mt workgroup, lua chon ny d c th cu

NET 85
hnh my thnh my Server. Nu chon YES, cn phai din tn domain d
c o trn mang, v lm cc buoc tip theo theo huong dn trn mn hnh.
Trnh Setup tip tuc thuc hin qu trnh ci dt, nu thit bi phn cung khng
c li v nu cc thit bi d duoc Windows 2000 chp nhn, th qu trnh ci dt
thnh cng, my s khoi dng lai.

Ci dt tu bo dia CD ROM Windows 2000
- Yu cu:
+ My tnh c dia CD ROM, c th khoi dng duoc tu CD
+ Dia CD ROOM ci dt Windows 2000.
- Ci dt
+ Thit lp ch d khoi dng my tnh tu dia CD
+ Dua dia CD ROOM ci dt Windows 2000, khoi dng my
+ Nhp cc tham s cn thit

2.3. Ci dt Activate Directory
Su dung thuc don configure your server hoc trnh dcpromo.exe


Lua chon tao min moi


NET 86


Mi min phai thuc v mt cy no d, dy l min du tin trong mt cy
moi chon create a new domain tree


Xc dinh cy moi ny trong rung moi, chon create a new forest of domain
tree


NET 87


Xc dinh tn dy du cua min moi



Tn kiu cu s duoc xc lp


NET 88


Chon ch dt tp tin co so du liu AD v tp tin ghi chp giao dich, chon
theo ch d ngm dinh cua Windows 2000



Chon ch dt folder SYSVOL


NET 89


2.4. Hiu chinh cc tham s
Su dung CONTROL PANEL , dy l mt nhm phn mm cung cp cc
cng cu cho nguoi quan tri mang, c th hiu chinh cc tham s lin quan v
phn cung phn mm. Mi mt biu tuong trn cua s CONTROL PANEL s
dam nhim mt chuc nng nht dinh.



a. Hiu chinh cc tham so v mang
Bao gm cc cng vic
Chon biu tuong NETWORK and Dial-up, tip theo bm phai chut vo
dng Local Area Connection v chon Properties, trn mn hnh hin thi cua s
sau:


NET 90



Chon Install d thm hoc loai bo cc dich vu (Service), cc b giao thuc
(Protocol), cc client cho Server. Chon Uninstall d g bo cc dich vu, giao
thuc v client. Chon Properties d din cc tham s chi tit.





Cc dich vu mang Windows 2000 Server cho php cc my tnh trong mang
truy cp v su dung ngun ti nguyn cua mang.


NET 91


Ty tung loai giao thuc, nguoi quan tri mang cn chon Properties d din,
hiu chinh cc thng tin chi tit.



b. Hiu chinh cc tham so khc

2.5. Co so d liu Registry
a. Khi nim
Registry cua Windows 200 l mt c so du liu c cp bc cua nhung
thit dinh dng d m ta ti khoan nguoi dng, phn cung cua my, v cc
ung dung. Mi khi thay di mt lua chon v phn cung hay phn mm, th
nhung thay di ny thuong duoc ghi lai trong registry. Registry cn luu
nhiu thit dinh cua h thng v du nhu khi khoi dng my Windows 2000
s tu kim tra nhung thit bi phn cung duoc gn vo my. C th xem v
sua registry bng trnh REGEDT32.EXE (nm trong thu muc
\winnt\system32).

b. Ni dung Registry

NET 92


Cy con (subtree)
Registry luu tru tt ca nhung thng tin bng cch chia chng ra lm nm cy
con:
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE: Chua thng tin v phn cung, nhung thit
dinh dnh cho cc h thng dang chay trn my.
- HKEY_CURENT_USER: Chua thng tin v nguoi dng (user profile)
duoc truy cp server, chua cc cu hnh, cc thit dinh dnh cho cc desktop
dang chay trn server.
- HKEY_USER: Chua con tro (poiter) chi dn cy con
HKEY_CURENT_USER v dn mt default profile. Default profile chua
cc thit dinh ngm dinh.
- HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT: Giu cc thng tin v file association , gip h
diu hnh bit cch mo tin bng chuong trnh no.
Kha (key), d muc gi tri,tn, gi tri, kiu d liu
Kha l mt d muc c tc dung chia tch thng tin ra thnh cc doan, c
th c cc kha bn trong cc kha, goi l cc kha con (subkey), kha con
c th c nhiu cp. Kha c tn, tn kha duoc vit lin v thuong duoc dt
ngn gon d c th vit vua mt hng chu.


NET 93


Du liu trong registry duoc qui dinh nhu sau:
- REG_BINARY: du liu nhi phn th
- REG_DWORD: Kiu nhi phn khc di 4 bytes
- REG_EXPAND_SZ: chui k tu c kch thuoc thay di
- REG_MULTI_SZ: mt kiu du liu chui khc, cho php nhp thm tham s
- REG_SZ: chui don gian
Cc to cua registry (hive)
Registry chu yu duoc chua trong cc tp tin goi l t (hive), cc t l cc tp
nhi phn do vy mun doc n cn c trnh soan thao ph hop. Vic chia cc t
nhm nap, sao luu du phng mt cch thun tin. Cc tp tin t duoc t chuc
nhu sau:

Cy/kha Tp tin
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SAM SAM (chnh) v SAM.LOG (du
phng)
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SECURITY SECURITY (chnh) SECURITY.LOG
(du phng)
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE SOFTWARE (chnh)
SOFTWARE.LOG (du phng)
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM SYSTEM (chnh) SYSTEM. ALT (du
phng)
HKEY_USER\DEFAULT DEFAULT (chnh) DEFAULT. LOG
(du phng)
HKEY_USER\SECURITY ID NTUSER.DAT
HKEY_CURENT_USER NTUSER.DAT
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT Duoc tao lc boot my

Luu du phng v khi phuc
Mi khi tp tin t bi thay di, truoc tin n s ghi vo cc tp tin du
phng (LOG) cua n, khi su m ta v nhung thay di di voi tp tin t d
hon tt, n moi thuc su ghi chnh tp tin t. Nu h thng gp su c trong

Kha (key)
D muc gi tri
(value entry)
Kiu du liu
(data type)
Gi tri
(value)

NET 94
thao tc ghi vo tp tin t, th h thng c th ly thng tin tu tp du phng
d khi phuc tp tin t tro lai tnh trang truoc d. Trong mt s truong hop
registry bi li th c kha nng gy li cho Windows 2000, do vy cn phai
sao luu registry. D sao luu ton b registry c th dng trnh tin ch
ntbackup.exe (trong thu muc system32). d sao luu mt phn cua registry c
th dng lun trnh REGEDT32.EXE
3. QUAN TRI USER V GROUP
3.1. Khi nim user v group
User l mt dinh danh, thng qua dinh danh ny nguoi dng c th truy cp
v su dung cc dich vu mang, user c th goi l ti khoan nguoi dng.
Windows 2000 Server c kha nng cung cp mt h thng user rt lon v duoc
quan l boi AD. Cc ti khoan nguoi dng khi duoc tao ra du tu dng duoc
cp cho mt m nhn din bao mt (security indentifier SID) Mi SID l mt
con s duy nht d nhn din mt ti khoan, cc SID khng bao gio duoc ti su
dung, khi mt ti khoan bi xa, n cung bi xa theo. Khi c ti khoan moi s
duoc cp mt SID moi khng trng lp, nho d ti khoan moi s khng c
quyn han v quyn truy cp trng voi ti khoan cu v h thng vn giu duoc
tnh bao mt. H thng ti khoan duoc t chuc theo m hnh:


















Sau khi ci dt Windows 2000 tao ra mt user dc bit c tn Administrator,
ti khoan ny c ton b quyn han trn mt my hay mt min, khng th xa
ti khoan ny nhung c th di tn.

Mt s user c cng quyn han trn mang c th duoc xp vo mt nhm goi
l group, group duoc dt tn (group name) . Mt user c th l thnh vin cua
Users for domain

USER USER USER
USER -Administrator

USER USER USER
USER
GROUP
Administrators
GROUP
Domain users

NET 95
nhiu group, khi l thnh vin cua group no th user s c quyn han cua nhm
d. Windows 2000 server cung cp hai loai nhm, nhm bao mt (security
group) v nhm phn phi (distribution group). Nhm bao mt l nhm duoc
dng d cp cc quyn han v quyn truy cp, mi nhm bao mt du duoc cp
mt m nhn din bao mt (SID). C ba kiu nhm bao mt l nhm bao mt
tai ch (local group), nhm ton min (global group), nhm chung (universal
group). Nhm phn phi duoc tao ra khng v muc dch bao mt, n khng c
(SID) , n c th duoc dng d cp pht thu tn, dng d thng bo cho mt
nhm nguoi. Windows 2000 server cung cp cc nhm tao sn nhu sau:
Cc domain local group trong container builtin



Quyn han cc ngui dng cua
nhm
ngm dinh
Ho cng c th
Administrators:
Truy nhp tai ch
Truy cp my ny tu mang
Chim quyn so huu cc tp tin
Quan l ban ghi chp kim ton v
bao mt
Thay di gio gic cua my
Tt my
Buc tt my ny tu mt my o xa
Luu du phng cc tp tin v thu muc
Khi phuc lai cc tp tin v thu muc
Thm v bot cc device driver
Tng d uu tin cua mt qu trnh xu
Tao ra v quan l cc ti khoan nguoi
dng
Tao ra v quan l cc global group
Trao quyn han cho nguoi dng
Quan l chnh sch kim ton v bao
mt
Kho cht server console
Mo kho server console
Dinh dang dia cung cua server
Tao ra cc nhm chuong trnh chung
Giu ring mt profile tai ch
Chia se v chm dut chia se cc thu muc
Chia se v chm dut chia se cc ti

NET 96
l nguyn khc
Server Operators
Truy nhp tai ch
Thay di gio gic cua my server ny
Tt my server ny
Buc tt my server ny tu mt my
o xa
Luu du phng cc tp tin v thu muc
Khi phuc lai cc tp tin v thu muc

Kho cht server
Phu quyt kho cua server
Dinh dang dia cung cua server
Tao cc nhm chung
Giu ring mt Profile tai ch
Chia se v chm dut chia se cc thu muc
Chia se v chm dut chia se cc my in
Account Operators
Truy nhp tai ch
Tt my server ny
Tao ra v quan l cc nguoi dng, cc
global, cc local group, khng c quyn
sua di ti khoan cua Administrator,
global group Domain Admins hoc cc
local group Administrator, Server
Operators v Backup Operators
Giu ring mt Profile tai ch
Print Operators
Truy nhp tai ch
Tt my
Giu ring mt Profile tai ch
Chia se v chm dut chia se cc my in
Backup Operators
Truy nhp tai ch
Tt my
Luu du phng cc tp tin v thu muc
Khi phuc lai cc tp tin v thu muc
Giu ring mt Profile tai ch
Everyone
Truy cp my ny tu mang
Kho cht server nu c quyn truy
nhp tai ch
Users
( Khng c quyn g )
Tao ra v quan l cc local group- nu
c quyn truy nhp tai ch
Guets
( Khng c quyn g )
( Khng c quyn g )
Replicator
( Khng c quyn g )
( Khng c quyn g )

Cc domain global group trong container users




NET 97


Nhm Cng dung cua n
Domain
Admins
Bng cch dt mt ti khoan nguoi dng vo trong
global group ny, ban cung cp duoc cc nng luc o muc
d quan tri cho nguoi dng d. Cc thnh vin cua
Domain Admins cua mt min c th quan tri min nh,
cc my tram cua min y v moi min duoc uy quyn
khc nu d lng global group Domain Admins cua min
y vo cc Local Administrators cua chng. Theo mc
dinh global group Domain Admins duoc tao sn cua mt
min s l mt thnh vin cua ca Local Administrators cua
min y ln cc Local group Administrators cua moi my
tram NT hoc Win2K Pro trong min y. Global group
Domain Admins cua mt min s tu dng c mt thnh
vin l ti khoan Administrators duoc tao sn cua min
y.
Domain Users Cc thnh vin cua global group Domain Users cua
mt min c quyn truy cp v quyn hnh cua nguoi
dng bnh thuong di voi ca min y ln moi my tram
NT/ Win2K trong min y. Nhm ny chua tt ca cc ti
khoan cua nguoi dng cua min y, v theo mc dinh, l
mt thnh vin cua moi Local group Users trn moi my
tram NT/ Win2K trong min y.
Domain
Guests
Min ny cho php cc ti khoan khch vng lai (
Guests) truy cp duoc cc ti nguyn ngang qua ranh gioi
min nu ho d duoc cc quan tri vin min ny cho php
lm nhu th



NET 98
3.2. Khi nim quyn han
Windows 2000 cung cp cho nguoi dng kha nng truy cp mang d quan l
hoc su dung ti nguyn. D kim sot truy cp windows 2000 chia ra hai nhm
quyn, thu nht d l quyn han (right) di tuong no c quyn han th c kha
nng gn hoc han ch kha nng truy cp vo mt vi di tuong h thng. Thu
hai l quyn truy cp (permission) hay giy php truy cp, di tuong no c
quyn ny th duoc php su dung di voi ti nguyn cua mang. Theo nguyn tc,
cc quyn han duoc uu tin hon quyn truy cp, cc quyn han thuong duoc gn
cho nhung cng vic lin quan dn vic quan l h thng. Windows 2000 d gn
ngm dinh cc quyn han cho cc nhm tao sn, ngoi ra quan tri mang c th
tao nhm moi ri gn quyn han ph hop cho nhm ny. Cc quyn han duoc
tao sn bao gm:




Quyn han ngui dng Giai thch nghia
Access this computer from the
network
Ni kt vo my ny ngang qua
mang
Act as part of the Operation
system
Dng vai tr nhu mt phn duoc
uy quyn cua h diu hnh; mt s
tiu h thng duoc cp quyn han
ny.
Add wortation to domain Lm cho cc my tram tro thnh
vin cua min
Back up files and directoies Luu du phng cc tp tin v thu
muc. Nhu d ni o trn quyn ny d
phu quyt cc quyn truy cp tp tin
v thu muc.
Bypass traverse checking Duyt luoi qua mt cy thu muc,
cho d nguoi dng d khng c

NET 99
quyn truy cp no d voi thu muc
d.
Change the system time n dinh gio gic dng h bn
trong my tai ch.
Create a pagefile Tao mt tp tin phn trang ( b
nho ao)
Create a token object Tao cc the hiu truy cp (access
token) chi b phn Local security
Authority moi c quyn ny.
Create permanent shared objects Tao nhung di tuong vinh vin
dc bit
Debug programs G ri cc ung dung
Deny access to this computer
from the network
Nguoc lai voi quyn Access this
computer from the network; thu hi
ring quyn ny di voi nhung nguoi
hay nhm m bnh thuong vn c n.
Deny logon as batch job Thu hi quyn Log on as a batch
job
Deny logon as a service Thu hi quyn Log on as a
service
Deny logon locally Thu hi quyn Log on locally
Enable computer and user
accounts to be trussted for delegation
Chi dinh cc ti khoan c th
duoc uy quyn
Force shutdown from a remote
system
Quyn shutdown my tu xa
Generate security audits Tao ra cc d muc ghi chp kim
ton
Increase quotas Tng cc han ngach v dung
luong dia cung
Increase scheduling priority Tng cuong d uu tin lich biu
cua mt qu trnh xu l.
Load and unload device drivers Nap ( hoc bot) driver vo (hoc
ra khoi) h thng.
Lock pages in memory Kho cht cc trang vo trong b
nho d ngn khng cho chng bi dua
vo trong b luu tru du phng( nhu
Pagefile. Sys chng han)
Log on as a batch job Dng nhp vo h thng nhu mt
phuong tin hng doi theo l ( Batch
queue facility)
Log on as a service Thuc hin cc dich vu bao mt (
vd; nguoi dng m thuc hin vic
sao chp s dng nhp voi tnh cch

NET 100
nhu mt dich vu)
Log on locally Dng nhp tai ch, tai chnh my
server ny.
Manager auditingand security log Chi r nhung su kin v kiu truy
cp ti nguyn g s duoc kim ton.
Ngoi ra cn cho php xem v xo
sach ban ghi chp bao mt (security
log)
Modify firmware envionment
valuas
Sua di cc bin mi truong cua
h thng ( khng phai bin mi
truong cua nguoi dng )
Profile single process Su dung nhung kha nng ghi chp
hoat dng( profiling) cua Win2K d
quan st, nhn xt hoat dng cua mt
qu trnh xu l.
Profile system perfromance Su dung cc kha nng ghi chp
hoat dng cua Win2K d quan st
nhn xt hoat dng cua h thng.
Remove computer from docking
station
Tho g mt my laptop ra khoi
hp ni ghp vo mang (docking
station) cua n.
Replace a process level token Sua di the hiu truy cp cua mt
qu trnh.
Restore files and directories Khi phuc lai cc tp tin v thu
muc, quyn ny phu quyt cc quyn
truy cp tp tin v thu muc.
Shut down the system Tt my Win2K
Synchronize directory service
data
Cp nht thng tin cua Active
directory
Take ownership of files or other
objects
Chim quyn so huu cua cc tp
tin, thu muc, v cc di tuong khc,
vn truoc d duoc cc nguoi dng
khc so huu.

Quyn truy cap (permission)
Quyn tuy cp hay giy php truy cp (permission) chi dinh user no, group
no duoc php su dung ti nguyn v voi diu kin g.

3.3. Thit k h thng user v group
Truoc khi tao h thng user v group cho mt mang my tnh cn thit k h
thng user cho t chuc d. Thit k ny l co so d thuc hin cc tc vu cu th
lin quan dn user, n cung l co so d quan l h thng user trong qu trnh
hoat dng mang. Khi thit k cn tun thu mt s nguyn tc sau:

NET 101
- Tn phai l tn duy nht, tn user khng duoc trng tn nhm.
- D di cua tn di nht dn 20 k tu, c th chua chu hoa, chu thuong hoc
ca hai.
- Tn khng duoc chua cc k tu: / \ : | + * ? < > ; cc k tu mo rng.
- Phn loai user quan tri mang v user su dung ti nguyn mang
- Sp dt cc user vo cc group ph hop
- Lp bang thit k users

3.4. Tao user v group

a. USER
Tao user
- Chay trnh Activate Directory Users and Computer, bm phai chut vo OU
users, chon new user. Trn mn hnh s hin thi cua s NEW OBJECT
USER




- Trn cua s ny cn din cc tham s


NET 102


Bm next d tip tuc, trn mn hnh hin thi cua s d din tip cc tham s



Cc dc tnh cua user, xem thng tin v hiu chinh
- Chon user Properties


NET 103


Cc thit dinh v ti khoan
- Chon user Properties, chon muc Account
- Chon han ch v thoi gian cho vic truy nhp



- Chi dinh cc my tram duoc php truy nhp


NET 104



b. Group
Tao group
- Chay trnh Activate Directory Users and Computer, bm phai chut vo OU
users, chon new group. Trn mn hnh s hin thi cua s NEW OBJECT
GROUP



- Dua user vo nhm ph hop


NET 105






3.5. Login Script
Login script l mt chuong trnh my tnh duoc su dung d dinh hnh cho
mi truong lm vic, Login script duoc thuc hin khi user truy nhp mang.
Login script c th vit bng nhiu nhn ngu nhu cc lnh shell cua
DOS/NT/Windows 2000, Windows Scripting Host (WSH), KiXtart, XLNT,
Perl, VBScript, Jsscript, . Login script duoc vit phu thuc vo yu t: nguoi
xy dung kich ban (quan tri mang), my khch. D su dung cc ngn ngu khc
th my khch cn phai hiu duoc ngn ngu ny, tuc l phai ci dt cc trnh
thng dich. D don gian c th chon cc lnh shell cua Windows 2000 / NT/
Windows 9x. C th tao login script bng cc trnh soan thao nhu NC, Notepad,
, dng trnh soan thao ny tao tp c cu trc TEXT c phn mo rng l BAT
(DOS, Windows 9X) , hoc c phn mo rng l CMD (Windows 2000 / NT) v
ghi tp tin ny ln thu muc

C:\WINNT\SYSVOL\sysvol\domainname\scripts
V du: domain c tn thkt.edu.vn th login script phai duoc ghi ln thu muc
C:\WINNT\SYSVOL\sysvol\THKT.EDU.VN\scripts

Mot so bin su dung:

NET 106
Bin h thng Kt qua

%HOMEDRIVE% Cho tn dia cuc b o my tram ni voi user's home
directory
%HOMEPATH% Cho tn duong dn thu muc ngm dinh cua user (user's
home directory)
%OS% Cho tn h diu hnh o workstation
%PROCESSOR_LEVEL
%
Cho kiu processor o workstation
%USERDOMAIN% Cho tn domain chua ti khoan cua user
%USERNAME% Cho tn user

Su dung trnh NET.EXE : Dng NET USE theo ch do dng lnh
NET.EXE c trong cc my d ci Dos client, Windows 9X, Windows
2000/NT
Khai bo login script cho user
Chay trnh Activate Directory Users and Computer, chon user cn khai bo
login script, chon Properties cua user ny, sau d din tham s.




4. QUAN TRI HE THONG THU MUC V FILES
4.1 Cu trc thu muc cua Windows 2000


NET 107


4.2 Thit k h thng thu muc cho ngui dng
Nguyn l chung
Ty qui m v nhu cu cung cp dich vu cua mang m tung h thng h
thng thu muc c th d ring trn dia logic hoc d ring trn mt my.
- Dnh ring dia logic (c:) cho h thng thu muc cua Windows 2000.
- H thng thu muc cua cc chuong trnh ung dung nn phn loai v d theo
nhm, c th d trn dia cua windows 2000 nu dung luong cho php, nu
dung luong lon cn d ring trn dia logic.
- H thng thu muc cua cc USER nn tp trung d d dng theo di v kim
sot.
- H thng thu muc cua cc group nn tp trung d d dng theo di v kim
sot.
- H thng cc trnh ci dt cua mang nn d ring trn dia logic
- Tn cua cc thu muc nn dt ngn gon v c qui lut


4.3 Quan l quyn truy cp
a. Quyn truy cap o cap share
Share l hnh thuc cung cp dich vu ghi chp tp tin ln dia cung cua mang.
D cung cp dich vu ny, quan tri mang cn tao share v gn quyn truy cp ph
hop cho user.

- Tao share: dt tn share


NET 108


- Chon permission d gn quyn truy cp cho user



Full Control: Quyn thuc hin tt ca cc cng vic trn thu muc v tp tin

NET 109
Change: Quyn doc, thi hnh, thay di, xa thu muc v tp tin
Read: Quyn doc v thi hnh thu muc v tp tin khng c kha nng sua di

b. Quyn truy cap o cap thu muc v tp tin
Quy dinh permission o muc thu muc v tp tin, cc quyn duoc chia nho mo
muc chi tit.
- Chon Properties cua thu muc, chon security
Cc permission muc phn tu (molecular level):


Allow inheritable permissions parent to propagale to this object: Cho php
cc thu muc con thua huong cc quyn cua thu muc muc cao hon n.

Cc permission muc nguyn tu (automic level)
- Chon Properties cua thu muc, chon Advanced

NET 110

- Chon View/Edit



Write Traverse Folder/Execute File
List Folder/Read Data
Read Attributes
Read Extended Attributes
Create Files/Write Data
Create Folders/Append Data

NET 111
Write Attributes
Write Extended Attributes
Delete Subfolders and Files
Delete
Read Permissions
Change Permissions
Take Ownership
Synchronize
Quyn so hu (ownership)
Chu nhn cua mt di tuong (tp tin, thu muc, ...) c mt thuc tnh goi l
ownership, owner tch bit voi permission. Nu c owner di voi mt di
tuong th c th phn b lai permesion cho di tuong ny. Nguoi tao ra di
tuong s l owner ngm dinh cua di tuong.

c. Cc share h thong
Cc share duoc tao sn duoc dng chung cho h thng, cui tn share chua
k tu $, cc share ny du l cc share n.
Tt ca cc dia du c mt share n ung voi thu muc gc cua mi dia d.
Cc share ny goi l share phuc vu vic quan tri (administrative share). Khng
th thay di cc permission hoc dc tnh cua cc share ny, nhung c th chm
dut hon ton vic chia se chng, v du cc share C$, D$, ...
Cc share khc duoc dng vo muc dch cu th:
- Admin$: ung voi thu muc gc cua h thng (thu muc chua tp tin cua
windows 2000 v du c:\winnt)
- Print$: Khi tao mt my in chung, h thng s dt cc driver cho my in d
vo trong share ny.
- IPC$ Dng d truyn thng giua cc my tnh
- Repl$: Sao chp du liu giua cc server khi cc my dng dich vu sao chp
(replication service)
- Cc share c th n nu khi dt k tu $ vo cui tn share

4.4 Cp pht han ngach dia (quota)
D kim sot dung luong dia cung trn server, windows 2000 cung cp mt
cng cu nhm chi dinh dung luong dia m nguoi su dung c th ghi ln server.
D thuc hin chuc nng ny chon properties cua dia trong cua s explore.


NET 112


Chon quota, trn mn hnh hin thi cua s properties, chon enable quaota
management, chon quota entries



Trn mn hnh hin thi danh sch cc user duoc cp quota, click chut vo
tn user d hiu chinh tham s. Thm user vo danh sch cp han ngach, chon
trn thuc don quota new quota entry. Chon user cua domain trn danh sch
hin thi trn mn hnh, tip theo xc dinh dung luong dia cn han ch.


NET 113



5. CI DAT CLIENT, TRUY NHAP VO MANG
Sau khi Windows 2000 duoc ci dt trn SERVER cn phai duoc SHARE
dia cung, gn quyn truy cp v quyn su dung cho cc USER v GROUP.
Windows 2000 cho php cc Workstation (DOS, WINDOWS For Workgroup,
WINDOWS 9X, Windows NT Workstation, Macintosh) truy nhp cc ti
nguyn h thng. Tuy nhin ty theo tung h diu hnh m trn SERVER v
Workstation cn phai cu hnh ph hop.

5.1. H diu hnh DOS
Cc my su dung diu hnh DOS c th truy cp vo Windows 2000 bng
cc phn mm Microsoft Network Client hoc Microsoft LAN Manager.
Ci dt Microsoft Network Client
Su dung dia ci dt (trn dia CD Windows NT Server, c th copy ra dia
mm)
- Khoi dng DOS v chay trnh SETUP


NET 114


+ Chon thu muc ci dt (ngm dinh c:\net)

- Bm enter d tip tuc



+ Chon change name: d hiu chinh cc tham s v
+ User name
+ Computer name
+ Workgroup name
+ Domain name
+ Chon change setup options: d hiu chinh cc tham s v
+ Redir options: nu chon Full Redirector th c kha nng
+ Truy cp vng v Login scrript
+ Remote Access Service
+ Gui thng bo
+ Cc co ch truyn thng lin kt xu l nhu Remote
procedure calls, Windows Sockets (Winsock- giao din giua
chuong trnh v giao thuc vn chuyn).
+ Logon validation: chon logon to domain
+ Chon network configuration: d hiu chinh cc tham s v


NET 115


+ Add adapter: Chon card mang, chon trn danh sch, nu MS
client
khng h tro th cn khai bo thu muc chua driver card mang.

+ Add protocol: Cc giao thuc h tro
+ NetBEUI
+ IPX Compatible Transport
+ TCP/IP: c h tro DHCP, khng h tro phn giai tn DNS
Sau khi chon, hiu chinh cc tham s, h thng s duoc ci dt v yu cu
khoi dng lai my tnh.
Truy nhap vo mang:
Nu qu trnh ci dt thnh cng, cc tp tin cua h thng d duoc tao ra, ni
dung cua cc tp tin nhu sau:
+ Tp tin CONFIG.SYS
FILES=45
device=a:\himem.sys
device=a:\MSCLIENT\ifshlp.sys
dos=high
LASTDRIVE=Z
+ Tp tin AUTOEXEC.BAT
SET PATH=a:\MSCLIENT
a:\MSCLIENT\net start

Sau khi cc tp tin d duoc nap thnh cng (D login vo mang), c th
su dung dich vu don gian cua mang .
C th dng tp lnh NET.EXE d thuc hin mt s cng vic v mang nhu
nh xa dia (map), khai bo my in mang.
Mot so huong dan v NET.EXE
- Chuc nng: h tro user su dung ti nguyn cua mang nhu dia cung, my in,
hin thi thng tin kt ni.
NET: thuc hin theo giao din thuc don

NET 116
NET HELP: tro gip
NET USE
NET USE [drive: | *] [\\computer\directory [password | ?]]
[/PERSISTENT:YES | NO] [/SAVEPW:NO] [/YES] [/NO]
NET USE [port:] [\\computer\printer [password | ?]]
[/PERSISTENT:YES | NO] [/SAVEPW:NO] [/YES] [/NO]

NET USE drive: | \\computer\directory /DELETE [/YES]
NET USE port: | \\computer\printer /DELETE [/YES]
NET USE * /DELETE [/YES]

drive K tu chu ci tn dia
* Tu gn chu ci tn dia tip theo. Nu dng /DELETE, ngt
cc kt ni
port Cng LPT cho my in
computer Tn SERVER
directory Tn thu muc duoc shared
printer Tn my in


5.2. H diu hnh WINDOWS 9X
Ci dt
- My phai duoc ci dt phn cung nhu dy cp mang, card mang
- My phai duoc ci dt v cu hnh phn mm


NET 117

+ Card mang
+ Dich vu: Client for Microsoft Network
+ Protocol: TCP/IP
- Khai bao tn domain trong Properties cua dich vu Client for Microsoft
Network






Su dung
- Khi khoi dng my: nhp tn v mt khu hop l
- C th su dung dich vu ghi chp thu muc, tp tin ln dia mang bng cch
nh xa dia mang thnh dia logic cua my.
Chon Map Network Driver (trong EXPLORE)



+ Driver: dt tn dia logic
+ Path: \\server_name\Share_name


NET 118
- Su dung dich vu in n
- C th su dung cc dich vu khc nhu: mail, internet, .... nu trn my server
c cung cp nhung dich vu ny.



5.3. Truy nhp vo Workstation khc trong mang (mang ngang hng)
Ty tung h diu hnh duoc ci dt o my tram m cch ci dt cu th c
khc nhau, di voi mang ngang hng chi c th cung cp mt s dich vu mang
don gian nhu chia xe tp tin, thu muc, chia xe my in. Nu cc my tram d ci
dt windows 9x, windows NT, hoc windows 2000 th v nguyn tc c th cu
hnh nhu sau:
- O my cn truy nhp (dch, chua ti nguyn) d duoc ci dt phn cung,
cu hnh dy du phn mm cho mang. My ny cn chia xe ti nguyn d dng
chung trn mang bng cch chon Share v din cc tham s:
+ Din Share Name: Dt tn cho dia, hoc thu muc d my khc c th truy
nhp
+ Gn quyn truy cp hoc nhung han ch nu c, di voi windows 9x th chi
c th dt password, di voi windows NT th c th gn quyn truy nhp chi tit
hon.
- O my truy nhp (su dung ti nguyn) d duoc ci dt phn cung, cu hnh
dy du phn mm cho mang. Login vo mang voi du thm quyn.
+ C th su dung dich vu ghi chp thu muc, tp tin ln dia mang bng cch
nh xa dia mang thnh dia logic cua my.
Chon Map Network Driver (trong EXPLORE), din cc tham s
+ Driver: dt tn dia logic
+ Path: \\server_name\Share_name


6. QUAN TRI PHUONG TIEN LUU TR
6.1. Mt s khi nim
a. Raid
Phuong php bao v du liu cua h thng bng cch kt hop cc dia cung d
tng tnh an ton du liu. C su kiu thuc hin raid (raid level), windows 2000
h tro cc muc raid 0, 1, 5 .
Raid 0: chia dai khng chn le (striping withou parity)
K thut chia dai khng chn le l k thut lin kt cc ch trng trn cc dia
vt l thnh mt b dia chia dai (stripe set). Mi thnh vin trong stripe set
duoc chia thnh cc dai (stripe) c kch thuoc bng nhau, khi h thng ghi du
liu vo stripe set, du liu s duoc phn b trn cc dai ny. D thuc hin k

NET 119
thut ny cn t nht hai dia, ti da 32 dia, c th m ta k thut stripe set nhu
sau:













Khi h thng doc hoc ghi du liu th tt ca cc thnh vin cua b dia du doc
v ghi do vy thoi gian doc ghi s duoc cai thin.

Raid 1: phan chiu dia (disk mirroring)
K thut phan chiu dia l k thut ghi du liu ln hai dia vt l ring bit
nhung c chung mt b diu khin dia (disk controller). Trong truong hop mt
dia bi li th vn cn du liu o dia cn lai. Disk mirroring khc voi truong hop
nhn di dia (disk duplexing), k thut disk duplexing su dung hai dia cung voi
hai b diu khin dia.









Raid 5: chia dai c chn le (striping with parity)
K thut chia dai chn le l k thut lin kt cc ch trng trn cc dia vt l
thnh mt b dia chia dai (stripe set). Theo k thut ny khi h thng ghi du liu
ln dia, du liu duoc ghi rai ra khp cc dia trong dai. Thng tin chn le ung voi
du liu cung duoc ghi vo dia, bng cch ny nu c su c say ra voi mt trong
cc dia, phn du liu trn dia ny c th duoc ti tao tu nhung thng tin chn l
trn cc dia cn lai.



Data a
Data b

Data a
Data b


Data a
Data b
Stripe set
Member1(HD1) Member 3(HD3)
Member 2(HD2)
Disk
controller
Dia gc
Disk
Mirrored
Disk
Disk
controller
Disk
controller
Dia gc
Disk
Dia gc
Disk

NET 120











b. Basic disk v dynamic disk
Dia co ban (Basic disk) l loai k thut luu tru thng thuong theo chun dos ,
cc dia co ban khng h tro cc phn vng chiu li. Dia dng (dynamic disk) l
k thut luu tru dia cho php tao ra, mo rng v xa bo cc phn vng trn
nhiu dia vt l. Dia dng khng c tnh tuong thch, moi h diu hnh khng
phai Window 2000 du khng doc duoc chng.

c. Phn khu dia (partition)
Mt phn khu dia (partition) theo kiu dia co ban, l mt phn cua dia vt l
duoc chia lm hai loai phn khu chnh (primary partition) v phn khu mo rng
(extended partition).

- Phn khu chnh: l phn khu m h diu hnh c th khoi dng duoc, khng
th chia phn khu chnh ra lm phn khu con. mt dia cung c th chia ti da
4 phn khu chnh.
- Phn khu mo rng: d luu tru duoc du liu, th trn phn khu ny cn tao
thnh mt hoc nhiu dia logic, cc h diu hnh khng th khoi dng duoc
tu phn khu ny.

d. (Volume set)
Volume set l hnh thuc lin kt cc phn vng cua mt hoc nhiu dia cung
vt l thnh dia logic, Windows 2000 h tro hai loai volume set. Volume set
don gian (simple volume set) duoc tao tu mt dia cung, volume set trai dn
(spanned volume set) duoc tao tu nhiu dia cung. Cc volume set khng tro gip
tnh nng chiu li, chng chi cho php su dung dia cung thnh dia logic voi
dung luong lon. Mt trong cc dia cung dng volume set bi li th volume set
cung li.

6.2. Quan l dia cng
D quan l dia windows 2000 cung cp cng cu disk management trong thuc
don computer management, cng cu ny h tro vic khoi tao mt dia cung moi
Data a
Data b

Parity cua a
Data b


Parity cua a
Parity cua b
Stripe set
Member1(HD1) Member 3(HD3)
Member 2(HD2)

NET 121
thnh dia lm vic, kim tra vic hoat dng cua dia, xem v c th hiu chinh
cc thng tin v dia.

Chon thuc don computer magagement



Khoi tao mt dia cung moi
- Tao dia su dung theo kiu dia co ban (basic disk)
- Tao dia su dung theo kiu dia dng (dynamic disk)

Giai phn manh dia
7. QUAN TRI DICH VU IN AN TRN MANG
7.1. Nguyn l in n trn windows 2000 :
1- Client (workstation) gui yu cu in
2- Client tao tc vu in, ngm dinh GDI (Graphics Device Interface)
3- Spooler trn my client gui dn Spooler cua my Server
4- Print processor: xu l
5- My in


NET 122



7.2. Mt kiu cu hnh in trn mang:

2000 Server
Printer
Workstation ( NT, Windows, 2000)
Workstation ( NT, Windows, 2000)
1
3
2


My tnh cm my in (W2k): (1)
- Phai l thnh vin cua domain Windows 2000 server
- Login vo mang (domain) voi du thm quyn
- Ci dt my in: ni my in vo my tnh, ci dt driver
- Share my in


W2k Client Computer W2k Print Server Computer

NET 123



Printer Server (domain) (2)
- Add my in ( chon my in trn mang):



- C th dng chuc nng brow d tm kim my in trn mang


NET 124


Sau d hiu chinh cc tham s v my in (nu cn), gn quyn in diu khin
v su dung my in:



Vic su dung my in c th chon cc Permission sau:
+ Print: chi duoc quyn in
+ Manage Printer: Quyn quan l my in
+ Manage Document: Quyn quan l ti liu in n nhu tam dung in, xa cc
tc vu in.


NET 125
My can in Windows 9x (3)
- Login vo mang (domain) voi du thm quyn in
Add my in ( chon my in trn mang)


Trong cua s PRINT TO THE FOLLWING PORT:
\\ Server name \Printer Share name (\\IT\EpsonSty)
+ Server name: Tn my tnh cm my in d duoc share
+ Printer Share name: tn share cua my in
8. QUAN TRI SAO LUU D LIEU
8.1. Khi nim
Trong qu trnh hoat dng my tnh c th gp cc su c nhu mt din dt
ngt, hoc cc thit bi nhu dia cung c th gp li, v nhiu nguyn nhn khc,
khi d c th xay ra vic mt mt phn hoc ton b du liu trn Server. Sao luu
du liu l mt cng vic quan trong cua quan tri mang, c th phn chia cc
cng vic sao luu du liu nhu sau:
Sao luu h thng: sao luu Windows 2000 Server, co so du liu cua h thng
nhu registry v cc phn mm chay trn nn Windows 2000 Server nhu SQL,
Lotus notes ... Su thay di cua nhung files bao gio cung gn lin voi h thng,
vic sao luu nhung files ny di hoi can thip nhu: ngung hoat dng chuong
trnh, tt cc dich vu ... .
Sao luu du liu cua nguoi dng: Nhung du liu do nguoi dng ghi ln mang,
nhung files ny khng lm anh huong dn h thng.

8.2. Sao luu h thng

NET 126
Su dung trnh backup cua windows 2000 trong thuc don h thong
- Sau luu:



- Khi phuc:



Su dung cc giai php khc
- H thng server song hnh
- Giai php dng b v sao luu du liu cua HP
- Giai php sao luu du liu cua cc hng khc nhu Seagate Technology
- Cc phn mm sao luu du liu
8.3. Sao luu d liu
C th dng bng tu, dt lich sao luu du liu tu dng.

NET 127
Nu trn Server c dia cung du phng c th su dung cc chuong trnh lp
lich d tu dng Copy du liu.
Nu trn Workstation dung luong dia cung cn du c th su dung cc
chuong trnh lp lich d tu dng Copy du liu.
9. MOT SO DICH VU MANG CUA WINDOWS 2000

9.1. Giao thc cu hnh my dng (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol -
DHCP)
a. Khi nim


Giao thuc cu hnh my dng (DHCP) duoc thit k d tp trung ha cu
hnh v quan l thng tin cu hnh TCP/IP bng cch gn tu dng cc dia chi IP
cho cc my duoc cu hnh theo DHCP. Phn mm DHCP duoc ci dt trn ca
my chu v my khch. Trn mang cn t nht mt my server duoc ci dt
DHCP server. Microsoft cung cp b giao thuc TCP/IP voi cc DHCP client c
sn trn windows 9x, windows 2000.

b. Cu hnh DHCP Server
- Ci dt:
+ Add dich vu DHCP trong Control Panel Add/Remove program
+ Chon Add/Remove Windows Components
+ Chon Networking Services, chon Details
+ Chon DHCP




My khch
HDCP


My chu
HDCP


Yu cu IP
Chon IP
Cung cp IP
Xc nhn cp

NET 128


- Cu hnh DHCP duoc thuc hin thng qua trnh DHCP Manager cua
Administrative Tools

+ Trao quyn cho DHCP



+ Tao khu vuc (Scope DHCP)
+ Dt tn cho khu vuc:

NET 129


+ Chi dinh pham vi



+ Start IP Address: Bt du dia chi IP c th cp cho my khch
DHCP
+ End IP Address: Kt thc dia chi IP c th cp cho my khch
DHCP
+ Subnet Mask: D gn cho moi my khch DHCP

Theo v du trn dai dia chi tu 10.200.200.1 dn 10.200.200.200 s duoc cp
ln luoy cho cc my tram khi truy cp mang.
+ C th chon tip tham s d loai ra mt vi dia chi IP d duoc dng cho
mang
Exclusion Range Start Address: bt du dia chi IP cn loai bo
Exclusion Range End Address: kt thc dia chi IP cn loai bo
+ Chi dinh khoang thoi gian thu bao (lease duration): thoi gian m DHCP
cp cho my tram

NET 130


Lease Duration Unlimited: khng gioi han thoi gian cp IP
Lease Duration Limited:Thoi gian IP c hiu luc

+ Chi dinh cc tham s khc
+ Xem v hiu chinh cc tham s



9.2. Domain Name System (DNS)
a. Chuc nng
DNS l mt dich vu mang cua Windows 2000, DNS chua co so du liu phn
tn nhm cung cp h thng tn c thu bc d nhn dang vi tr my trn mang,
trn Internet, DNS duoc dng d quan l quan tri vng v tn cua cc my tnh.
DNS xu dung m hnh my khch chu.

NET 131
DNS l h thng phn giai tn min duoc pht minh vo nm 1984, ngy nay
n duoc coi l mt dich vu chun cua mang dng b giao thuc TCP/IP v
Internet. Nhim vu co ban cua DNS l di tn min thnh dia chi IP v nguoc
lai, h tro hoat dng cua cc mail server.

Cau trc tn min:
Bao gm cc k tu vit cch nhau boi du chm (.), phn cui cng cua tn
min th hin quc gia quan l tn min ny. Hin nay tn tai hai dang tn min,
dang thu nht, phn cui cng cua tn min c th l:

Tn M ta
Com T chuc thuong mai
Gov T chuc chnh phu
Mil T chuc qun su
Net Cc nh cung cp mang v dich vu internet
org T chuc phi thuong mai v phi loi nhun
int T chuc quc t
edu T chuc gio duc

V du: www.cnn.com website cua hng tin CNN

Tt ca nhung tn min ny do Hoa ky quan l, dang thu hai c phn truoc
dui cua tn min ging nhu trn, phn cui cng l tn vit tt cua cc quc
gia. V du VN l tn vit tt cua Vit nam , JP tn vit tt cua Nht, .... v du tn
min c dang bsneu.edu.vn.

b. Mot so dc dim
Kim sot tai cho, truy cap ton th gioi
Internet khng quan l tp trung tn min, mi t chuc c mang vn hnh v
duy tr DNS server cua ring mnh. Co quan quan l internet vng (InterNIC)
quan l tt ca cc tn min d duoc dng k, tn v dia chi cua cc DNS server
cua tn min d duoc dng k. InterNIC khng cho bit dia chi tn min cu th
nhung n cho bit nhung DNS server c th tra loi cu hoi ny.
Kha nng chiu loi
Mi min chi c mt DNS server chnh (primary) chiu trch nhim giai dp
tn di voi min d. Khi thit lp mt server moi cn khai bo l primary DNS
server, hoc n chi c th l server phu (secondary), thng thuong DNS server
phu s ni v sao chp co so du liu tu server chnh. Trong truong hop server
chnh bi li hoc c qu nhiu yu cu th server phu c th dp ung yu cu tra
vn tin.
Cc zone, cc domain, v su uy quyn

NET 132
Zone (khu vuc) n c nhim vu luu tru pham vi cc dia chi IP m DNS phai
quan tm. Trong truong hop domain phai quan l nhiu server cua nhiu khu
vuc, d don gian trong vic tm kim v xc dinh tn my d thuc khu vuc no,
c th chia tch min ra thnh min con. Khi chia tch thnh min con th DNS
server cp trn cng phai uy quyn (delegate) cho server cp duoi n.
Cc zone tra cuu xui v nguoc
Qu trnh chuyn di mt tn host thnh mt dia chi IP duoc goi l forward
name resolution (phn giai tn xui). Qu trnh chuyn di mt dia chi IP ra tn
host tuong ung duoc goi l reverse name resolution (phn giai tn nguoc).
Nhng loai ban ghi DNS pho bin
Cc ban ghi A (loai host): loai ban ghi chi don gian lin h mt tn no d
voi mt dia chi IP. Dy l tp hop cc tp tin ASCII c tn l zone files, su
dung mt chu A d biu thi ban ghi ny l mt ban ghi host.
Cc ban ghi SOA (start of authority): N l ban ghi dnh cho tn cua DNS
server chnh cua min, cung cp dia chi IP cho nguoi quan tri cua min, chi ra
khoang thoi gian dm tru du liu.
Cc ban ghi NS: dnh cho DNS server, qui dinh cc tn server trong min.
Cc ban ghi CNAME: ban ghi alias hay tn kinh din hay tn chun tc
(canonical name)
Cc ban ghi MX: ban ghi mail exchange
Cc ban ghi PTR: ban ghi reverse host, ban ghi thng dung trong mt khu
vuc tra cuu xui.

b. Ci dt, cau hnh
Khi ci dt AD trn server DNS duoc tu dng ci dt theo, DNS cn duoc
hiu chinh cc tham s.



- Tao ra Reverse lookup zone: chon add a new zone


NET 133


+ Activate Directory Integrated: tch hop voi AD
+ Standard Primary: Tao ra mt zone chnh
+ Standard secondary: tao ra mt zone phu
- Nu chon Activate Directory Integrated, buoc tip theo cn din tham s dia
chi mang cua l dia chi IP m mang dang su dung, nhp vo muc Network
ID



- Khi mang chua c DNS hoc mun tao mt dich vu ci dt nhu sau:
+ Add dich vu DNS trong Control Panel Add/Remove program
+ Chon Add/Remove Windows Components
+ Chon Networking Services, chon Details
+ Chon DNS
- Din cc tham s m trnh ci dt yu cu

10. TCH HOP NOVELL NETWARE VI WINDOWS 2000

NET 134
X.1. Kha nng lin kt vi Novell Netware
Mt phn ti nguyn cua mang c th nm trn my chu Novell Netware,
mang Windows 2000 cn phai giao tip v chia se ti nguyn voi Novell
Netware. Giao thuc NWLink cua Windows 2000 v dich vu Gateway Service
for Netware (GSNW) h tro cc my khch cua mang Microsoft giao tip v su
dung ti nguyn trn mang Netware.
Cc dc tnh cua NWLink
SPX II- NWLink h tro Windows Sockets trn giao thuc Novell SPX II. SPX
II duoc tng cuong d h tro ch d cua s v c kha nng dt kch thuoc khung
lon nht.
Da gn kt (multiple Bindings) NWLink c th duoc gn vo nhiu vi
mang voi nhiu kiu khung khc nhau (Frame)
Tu dng pht hin kiu khung (Frame Type Auto Detect), c th cu hnh d
trong qu trnh ci dt tu dng pht hin kiu khung no l tt nht trn mang v
su dung n.
Kiu khung v gn kt
Kiu khung: Cch m vi mang dinh dang du liu d gui ln mang. Cc my
Novell c th duoc cu hnh voi nhiu kiu khung khc nhau. D c th giao
tip duoc chng cn phai duoc cu hnh voi cng mt kiu khung, v du kiu
khung 802.2, 802.3. Ngoi ra mi Topology (Ethernet, Token Ring, ...) di hoi
mt dinh dang kiu khung khc nhau.

10.2. Gn kt vi NWLink
Dich vu gn kt, lin kt dich vu voi giao thuc v vi mang n s su dung,
Dich vu ny duoc gn ca voi NWLink NetBIOS v NWLink IPX/SPX, do vy
h tro cho lin lac thng trn thnh phn my chu. Dich vu my tram chi duoc
gn voi NWLink NetBIOS khng h tro cho lin lac thng voi thnh phn my
chu.

D quan l v diu phi hiu sut NWLink c th dng cng cu cua
Microsoft (Performance Monitor). Cng cu ny cho php hin thi thng tin v
hiu sut cua mang, theo di cc di tuong no dang su dung.

10.3. Cu hnh dich vu cng ni cho Novell
Trn my chu Netware
Dng tin ch cua Novell tao nhm nguoi dng NTGATEWAY, tao user v
cc tham s cn thit, b sung ti khon cng giao tip vo nhm
NTGATEWAY. Gn cc quyn cn thit d cc user thuc nhm ny c th su
dung ti nguyn cua Novell.
Trn my Windows 2000
Ci dt dich vu GSNW: add dich vu trong Control Panel Network

NET 135



Ci dt, hiu chinh cc tham s
Trong Control Panel chon biu tuong GSNW, hiu chinh cc tham s sau




Lua chon Ni dung
Prerred Server My chu Novell s duoc tu dng ni dn
Default Tree Nhp cc thng s cua cy thu muc NDS
Default Context Nhp ngu canh ngm dinh
Run Login Script Chay Login script
Gateway Cu hnh cng ni cho cc ti nguyn

Cu hnh cho Gateway

NET 136



Dnh du vo muc Enable Gateway v din cc tham s v user

Chon ADD d cu hnh duong dn dn ti nguyn trn Novell

Din duong dn dy du trong hp Network Path cua my chu Novell

11. MOT SO TIEN CH
a. Ipconfig
- C trn Windows 9x, Windows 2000
Lnh ny hin thi cc gi tri cu hnh mang TCP/IP dang hoat dng. Lnh ny
dc bit c nghia di voi mang c su dung DHCP, n cho php nguoi su dung
xc dinh cu hnh TCP/IP m duoc cung cp boi DHCP
ipconfig [/all | /renew [adapter] | /release [adapter]]
Tham s
All : Hin thi dy du. Bo tham s ny, ipconfig s chi hin thi dia chi IP, subnet
mask, v default gateway.
/renew [adapter] : Thay moi cu hnh cung cp boi DHCP. Lua chon ny chi
tn tai trn h thng chay dich vu DHCP client. D chi dinh card, dnh tn card
khi su dung ipconfig m khng cn dnh tham s.
/release [adapter] Bo cu hnh DHCP hin thoi. Muc chon ny ngung hoat dng
cua TCP/IP trn h thng v chi tn tai trn cc h thng chay DHCP client. D
chi dinh card, dnh tn card khi su dung ipconfig m khng cn dnh tham s.
Khng din tham s, ipconfig s hin thi ton b cu hnh TCP/IP hin tai bao
gm dia chi IP v subnet mask.
b. Ping

NET 137
Kim tra kt ni toi mt h thng khc. Lnh ny chi tn tai nu TCP/IP duoc
ci dt.
ping [-t] [-a] [-n count] [-l length] [-f] [-i ttl] [-v tos] [-r count] [-s count] [[-j
computer-list] | [-k computer-list]] [-w timeout] destination-list
Tham s
-t : Chi ngung khi bi ngt boi nguoi su dung.
-a : Tm tn my khi bit dia chi IP.
-n count
Gui mt s ln nht dinh b du liu ECHO, s ln duoc xc dinh boi count,
ngm dinh l 4 ln.
-l length : Gui du liu ECHO voi d di duoc xc dinh boi length, ngm dinh l
32 byte, ti da l 65527.
-f : Gui lnh voi co hiu Do not Fragment trong b du liu. B du liu s
khng bi chia tch trong khi chuyn toi dch.
-i ttl : Dt truong Time To Live gi tri chi dinh o tham s ttl.
-v tos : Dt truong Type Of Service gi tri chi dinh boi tos.
-r count :Ghi lai duong di cua b du liu v b du liu tra v duoc dt o truong
Record Route . Nho nht l 1 v lon nht l 9 di voi tham s count
-s count : Chi r thoi gian di voi mi hop boi count.
-j computer-list : Chi r duong di qua danh sch cc my chi dinh boi computer-
list. Cc dia chi my tip duoc ngn cch boi cc gateway. S luong ti da danh
sch l 9 IP.
-k computer-list :Chi r duong di qua danh sch cc my chi dinh boi computer-
list. Cc dia chi my tip khng duoc ngn cch boi cc gateway. S luong ti
da danh sch l 9 IP.
-w timeout : Chi r khoang thoi gian ngt duoi dang milliseconds.
destination-list : Chi r cc my s duoc ping.
c. Tracert
Chuong trnh ny xc dinh duong di toi mt dia chi bng cch gui b du liu
kiu Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) voi cc gi tri Time-To-Live
(TTL) khc nhau. Mi mt router trn duong di qua cua b du liu s giam bin
TTL cua b du liu t nht l 1 don vi truoc khi chuyn tip b du liu, do d,
bin TTL rt huu ch khi dng d dm cc hop. Khi gi tri cua TTL cua b du
liu giam cn 0, router s gui tra h thng mt message ICMP Time
Exceeded. Tracert xc dinh duong di bng cch gui b du liu du tin voi gi
tri cua TTL l 1 v sau d s tng TTL ln 1 sau mi ln gui tip theo cho dn
khi h thng dch tra loi hoc TTL tin toi gi tri ti da. Duong di duoc xc dinh
boi kim tra message ICMP Time Exceeded m duoc gui tra lai boi cc router

NET 138
trung gian. Tuy nhin, mt s router huy cc b du liu m khng gui lai
message khi TTL v khng s lm cho tracert khng xc dinh duoc.
tracert [-d] [-h maximum_hops] [-j computer-list] [-w timeout] target_name
Tham s
-d : Chi r khng tm tn my.
-h maximum_hops : Chi r s hop ti da truoc khi toi h thng dch.
-w timeout : Chi r thoi gian doi cua mi ln tra v thng tin tra loi theo
milliseconds .
target_name : Tn cua h thng dch.
d. Ftp
Tai file v my hoc tai sang mt h thng chay dich vu FTP server. Ftp can be
used interactively. Lnh ny chi tn tai nu giao thuc TCP/IP d duoc ci dt.
FTP l 1 dich vu khi chay tao ra mt mi truong m ban c th su dung cc lnh
con cua FTP, sau d c th thot ra bng ln quit. Khi dang trong mi truong
cua FTP th du nhc ftp s xut hin.
ftp [-v] [-n] [-i] [-d] [-g] [-s:filename] [-a] [-w:windowsize] [computer]
Tham s
-v : Bo qua cc dng tra loi tu server ftp
-n : Khng tu dng yu cu login sau khi chay ftp.
-i : Bo cc dng thng bo trong khi chuyn nhiu file.
-d : Cho php d li, hin thi tt ca cc lnh duoc thuc hin giua ung dung
khch ftp v server ftp.
-s:filename : Chi r 1 file dang text chua cc lnh ftp; cc lnh ny s chay sau
khi ftp khoi dng.
Computer : Chi r tn my hoc IP cua h thng tu xa cn truy cp. Nu c
tham s ny th n phai l tham s dung cui cng trong dng lnh.
e. Finger
Hin tt ca cc thng tin v nguoi dng trn mt h thng chay dich vu Finger.
Cc thng tin hin thi s thay di tuy theo h thng tu xa. Lnh ny chi tn tai
khi c ci TCP/IP.
finger [-l] [user]@computer [...]
Tham s
-l : Hin thi lit k di.
User : Tn nguoi su dung cn bit. Nu khng chi r th thng tin cua tt ca
nguoi su dung s hin thi

NET 139
TU DIEN THUAT NG

Access permission Quyn truy cp
Account lockout Kho ti khoan
Account policy Chnh sch ti khoan
Address Dia chi
Address class Lop dia chi
Administrative account Ti khoan quan tri
Administrative alert Bo dng quan tri
Administrator Nh quan tri
Administrator privilege Dc quyn (o cp d) nh quan tri;
dc quyn Administrator
Archive bit Bt luu tru
Associate Phi hop
Attribute Thuc tnh
Auditing Kim ton
Audit policy Chnh sch Audit
Backup domain controller (BDC); My diu khin vng du phng
Bits per second (BPS ) S bt/giy.
Boot partition Phn dia khoi dng
Bridge Cu ni
Broadcast message Thng dip pht rng
Brouter Kt hop cc phn tu cua cu ni v
b dinh tuyn.
Browse Duyt xem
Built-in group Nhm ci sn
Capture Chup anh
Client My khch
Client application Ung dung my khch.
Client service for Netware Client Service for Netware
Common group Nhm chung
Communications setting Xc lp truyn thng
Compact Tin ch dang dng lnh, dng d
nn tp tin trn volume NTFS.
Computer account Ti khoan my tnh.
Computer browser server Dich vu Computer Browser.
Computer name Tn my tnh
Configure Lp cu hnh
Connect Ni kt
Connected user Nguoi dng duoc ni kt
Connection oriented protocol Giao thuc huong ni kt
Default gateway Cng giao tip mc dinh

NET 140
Default network Mang mc dinh
Default user Nguoi dng mc dinh
Dial-up line Duong truyn quay s
Dial-up networking Ni mang qua duong quay s
Disabled user account Ti khoan nguoi dng bi cm su
dung
DNS name server My phuc vu tn DNS
DNS service Dich vu DNS
Domain Vng
Domain controller My diu khin vng
Domain name Tn vng
Domain name system (DNS) H thng tn vng
Dynamic host configuration protocol
(DHCP)
Giao thuc cung cp cu hnh dng
cua dia chi IP v cc thng tin lin
quan
Extended partition Phn chia mo rng
Fault tolerance Co ch dung li
File allocation table (FAT) Bang phn phi tp tin
File sharing Chia se tp tin
File system H thng tp tin
File transfer protocol (FTP) Dich vu h tro vic chuyn tai tp
tin giua nhung h thng cuc b v
o xa no chp nhn giao thuc ny.
Gateway Cng giao tip
Geteway service for Netware Duoc km theo Windows NT
Server, W2K cho php my tnh
chay Windows NT, W2K kt ni
voi my phuc vu Netware.
Global account Ti khoan ton cuc
Global group Nhm ton cuc
Gopher H thng thu bc d tm v phuc
hi thng tin tu Internet hoc mt
Intranet no d.
Group Nhm
Group account Ti khoan nhm
Guest Nguoi dng vng lai, khch vng
lai
Home Directory Thu muc c nhn
Host My chu
Home page Trang chu
Host ID S nhn din my chu
Internet Protocol (IP) Giao thuc truyn thng dip cua
dy giao thuc TCP/IP

NET 141
Internet Router B dinh tuyn Internet
IP address Dia chi IP
IP Router B dinh tuyn IP
ISO Vit tt tu International Standards
Organization (T chuc tiu chun
ho quc t)
Kermit Giao thuc chuyn tai cc tp tin nhi
phn
Kernel Thnh phn cua Windows NT
Excutive W2K, chiu trch nhim
quan l b vi xu l.
Local account Ti khoan cuc b
Local group Nhm cuc b
Local printer My in cuc b
Localtalk Ten do Apple Computer dng d
goi phn cung ni mang Apple
Log off Tch khoi mang
Log on Truy nhp
Logon script Script dng nhp, kich ban dng
nhp
Mac address Dia chi MAC
Macintosh accessible volume Volume c th truy cp boi
macintosh
Mapping Su nh xa
Mapping file Tp tin nh xa
Master Boot Record Vng quan trong trn dia cung,
chua cu trc du liu bt du quy
trnh khoi dng my tnh
Master domain Vng chnh
Member server My phuc vu thnh vin
Migration Tool for Netware Duoc cung cp km theo Windows
NT, cho php chuyn tai cc ti
khoan v cc thng tin lin quan
dn my tnh chay Windows NT
Server, W2K
Mirror set Mt ban sao hon chinh cua du liu
Modem Modulator/Demodulator, thit bi
truyn, nhn du liu qua duong
din thoai chun
Name mapping nh xa tn
Name Resolution Service Dich vu phn giai tn
Net Logon Service Dich vu Net logon
Netware Directory Services (NDS) Mt dich vu Netware chay trn cc

NET 142
my phuc vu Netware, dich vu ny
cho php dinh r dia dim cua ti
nguyn trn mang (tu Netware 4.x)
Network adapter card Thit bi dng ni mang my tnh
(card mang)
Network ID S nhn din mang
Network protocol Giao thuc mang
Network sniffer Cng cu giai don mang
Node Nt, dim ni
NT file system, NTFS H thng tp tin NT, W2K
Object Di tuong
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)
model
M hnh OSI
Orphan Thnh vin m ci
Owner Chu so huu
Packet Gi du liu
Page fault Li trang nho
Paging file Tp tin phn trang
Parity (thng tin) chn le
Partition Phn chia (dia)
Partition Table Bang quan l dia
Permission Quyn truy cp
Personal group Nhm c nhn
Ping Lnh Ping, c th dng d kim tra
cc kt ni voi mt hay nhiu my
chu o xa
Point-to-Point protocol (PPP) Tp hop giao thuc v tao khung
theo chun cng nghip, l thnh
phn cua Windows 2000
Port ID S nhn din cng
Primary domain controller (PDC) My diu khin vng chnh
Primary Partition Phn chia chnh
Printer permission Quyn truy cp my in
Print sharing Chia se my in
Print spooler B dm in
Privilege level Cp d dc quyn
Property Thuc tnh
Proxy My duoc uy nhim
Queue Hng cho
Raid (Redundant Array off
Inexpensive Disks)
Mt phuong php dng d chun
ha v phn loai cc h dung li
dia.

NET 143
Remote Access Service (RAS) Dich vu truy cp tu xa
Remote Procedure Call (RPC) Cuc goi thu tuc tu xa
Repeater B di huong
Resource Ti nguyn
Roaming user profile H luu tru nguoi dng luu dng
Router B dinh tuyn
Security Accounts Manager (SAM) Mt co so du liu chua thng tin
bao mt cua Windows NT, W2K
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Giao thuc cung cp truyn thng
du liu an ton thng qua co ch
m ho v giai m du liu
Server message block (SMB) Khi thng dip my phuc vu
Server zone Khu vuc my phuc vu
Session Phin, ky lm vic
Share Chia se
Share resource Ti nguyn dng chung
Simple Mail Transfer protocol
(SMTP)
Giao thuc chuyn thu gian don
Simple Network Management
Protocol (SNMP)
Giao thuc quan l mang gian don
Acronym for structured query
language (SQL)
Ngn ngu hoi c cu trc
System partition Phn chia h thng
System police Chnh sch h thng
Transforms Nguyn tc bin di
Trap By
True Type Font Mt kiu phng chu
Trust relationship Quan h uy quyn
Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) B cung cp din nng lin tuc
User account database Co so du liu ti khoan nguoi dng
User Datagram Protocol (UDF) Giao thuc b du liu nguoi dng
User right policy Chnh sch v quyn nguoi dng
Variables Bin
Virtual server My phuc vu ao

NET 144
TI LIEU THAM KHAO

1. Mang my tnh v cc h thng mo, GS. TS. Nguyn Thc Hai, NXB Gio
duc 1999
2. Mang my tnh, Luoc dich v bin soan H Anh Phong Nh xut ban
Thng k, 2002
3. Ct tuy v mang (Networking Essentials) , bin dich Pham Cao Hon,
Pham Dnh Phuoc, Nguyn Vn Khi, NXB Dng Nai 2000
4. Upgrading and Repairing Networks, Craig Zacker, Publisher: Que ,1/1995
5. High-Performance Networking Unleashed, Macmillan Computer
Publishing
CNE Training Guide Netware 4.1 Administration, KARANJIT SIYAN,
PH.D. Publisher: New Riders, Sep-1995
6. Novell Netware 4.1, Novell, Inc. December 1994
7. Lm chu Windows 2000 Server, Pham Hong Dung, Hong Duc Hai,
NXB Gio duc 2000
8. Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Unleashed, Sams Publishing 2000
9. Windows 2000 Server Study Guide, SYBEC 2000
10. Administrating W2K Network Infrastructure, SYBEC 2000
11. Windows 2000 Server, Syngress 2001
12. Cc trang web: www.micorosoft.com , www.novell.com,
www.cisco.com,