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MC LC
PHN 1 L THUYT .................................................................................... 1 1.1Tng quan v ADSL ................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Khi nim v ADSL ............................................................................. 1 1.1.2 u v nhc im ca ADSL .............................................................. 2 1.1.2.1 u im .......................................................................................... 2 1.1.2.2 Nhc im .................................................................................... 2 1.1.3 Kin trc dch v tng qut ADSL ....................................................... 2 1.1.4 M hnh tham chiu ca h thng ADSL ............................................. 3 1.1.5 M hnh chung ca h thng cung cp dch v ADSL......................... 4 1.1.5.1 M hnh kt ni ca h thng cung cp dch v ADSL ................ 4 1.1.5.2 Chc nng ca h thng cung cp dch v ADSL ......................... 7 1.1.5.3 Yu cu k thut ca h thng cung cp dch v ADSL .............. 8 1.2 ng dng thit k h thng cung cp dch v ADSL tnh An Giang ... 9 1.2.1 Cc tiu chun thit k .......................................................................... 9 1.2.1.1 Tiu chun thit k k thut, t chc mng ADSL ........................ 9 1.2.1.2 Tiu chun thit k lu lng truy nhp dch v ADSL.............. 10 1.2.1.3 Nguyn tc thit k k thut t chc mng ADSL tnh An Giang .................................................................................................................. 12 1.2.1.4 Nguyn tc s dng v phn b a ch IP ................................... 12 PHN 2 THIT K ...................................................................................... 14 2.1 Thit k ng ADSL tnh An Giang ................................................... 14 2.1.1 Gi thit............................................................................................... 14 2.1.2 Tnh tng lu lng truyn ti ............................................................ 14 2.1.3 Tnh ton tc truyn ti dch v ADSL ......................................... 15 2.2 Yu cu k thut ca cc thit b trn mng ........................................ 15 2.2.1 Thit b chuyn mch a dch v MSS (Multi Service Switch ) ........ 15 2.2.2 BRAS .................................................................................................. 16 2.2.3 DSLAM .............................................................................................. 19 2.2.4 H thng qun l mng NMS ............................................................. 21 2.2.5 Cc thit b mng trung tm................................................................ 22

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PHN 1 L THUYT
1.1Tng quan v ADSL 1.1.1 Khi nim v ADSL ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line), cng ngh ng dy thu bao s bt i xng nh c cp mc 2.4.3 l mt cng ngh c s dng ph bin thuc h cng ngh xDSL. V thc cht th ADSL l mt cng ngh iu ch/gii iu ch cho php s dng ng dy in thoi xon i hin c c th truyn dn nhiu nh dng s liu tc cao khc nhau bn cnh dch v thoi truyn thng. ADSL c th ng thi truyn ti c dch v thoi v dch v s liu tc cao th cu hnh ADSL phi c c MODEM ADSL v b tch (Splitter) nh hnh v sau:

Hnh 1. 1 Cu hnh ADSL c bn Vi cu hnh trn th mt i dy cp ng xon c th truyn ti: thng tin thoi thng thng trong di t 0 n 3,4 KHz, lung s liu ln t khch hng trong di 30 KHz n 138 KHz v lung s liu xung my tnh khch hng ln ti 1104 KHz. Nh vy c im ca ADSL l truyn s liu bt i xng do bng tn dnh cho lung ln hp hn rt nhiu so vi bng tn dnh cho s liu xung. S khng i xng ca ADSL t ra ph hp vi cc dch v truy cp Internet, Video theo yu cu v truy cp LAN t xa v.v..mt lot cc dch v hin ang rt pht trin trn nhiu quc gia trn th gii. Nhng khch hng s dng ADSL cng l nhng ngi c nhu cu nhn thng tin nhiu hn l phn thng tin h gi i. ADSL l s la chn s mt truy nhp mng bng rng vi th phn chim hn 60% so vi cc cng ngh truy nhp bng rng khc. Hin nay ADSL hin din ti mi vng lnh th trn th gii.ADSL c th cung cp lung s liu xung vi tc t 1,5 ^ 7 Mb/s v lung s liu hng ln c tc t 9,6 ^ 800 Kb/s vi khong cch vng lp ti a l 5,5 Km. Tuy nhin tc thc t ADSL t c ph thuc vo tnh trng dy dn, nh hng ca tc ng bn ngoi v chiu di thc vng thu bao .

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1.1.2 u v nhc im ca ADSL 1.1.2.1 u im - Tc bit v rng bng tn trong ADSL c c im l hng ln nh hn nhiu so vi hng xung. Do tnh trng nhiu xuyn m u gn (NEXT) s c gim i rt nhiu - Kt ni ADSL hoc thoi lun lin tc v sn sng, khi kt ni khng cn quay s (do khng tnh cc ni ht), khng c tn hiu bn. - Tc s liu cao, ln hn gp 140 ln so vi modem tng t. - tin cy v bo mt cao. - Cc ph bao thng v gi thnh hiu qu, gi thit b u cui (modem v router) rt cnh tranh, vic thay i hay lp t thit b khng tn km nhiu. - Nu cc thnh phn ca ADSL b li th ng dy s vn hot ng vi vai tr ca dch v in thoi truyn thng POTS. 1.1.2.2 Nhc im
- ADSL khng trin khai c cho tt c mi ng dy thu bao. - Tc ADSL ph thuc nhiu vo khong cch t thu bao n

DSLAM, vng thu bao cng di th tc cng thp. - Tc cao ca ADSL ch t c ti mt s thi im trong ngy v gi c ca ADSL cn lm cho ngi s dng u tin c cm gic cao. - Tc lung ln ca ADSL l kh thp so vi tc lung xung. 1.1.3 Kin trc dch v tng qut ADSL Cng ngh ADSL khng ch n thun l mt cch download nhanh cc trang web Internet v my tnh c nhn gia nh m ADSL l mt phn trong mt kin trc ni mng tng th h tr mnh m cho ngi s dng tt c cc dng dch v thng tin tc cao. y dch v thng tin tc cao c ngha l thng tin c tc d liu t 1 hay 2 Mbps tr ln. Di y l mt mng thng tin tc cao da tin cng ngh ADSL:

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Hnh 1.2 Mng thng tin tc cao da trn ADSL

1.1.4 M hnh tham chiu ca h thng ADSL M hnh tham chiu ca h thng ADSL theo khuyn ngh ITU-T G.997.1 nh hnh v 1.3

Hnh 1.3 M hnh tham chiu h thng ADSL (theo ITU-T G.997.1) M hnh tham chiu minh ha cc khi chc nng c yu cu cung cp dch v ADSL. i vi m hnh tham chiu cho h thng ADSL G.Lite th cng tng t ngoi tr b tch pha khch hng l ty chn. Chc nng cc khi v cc giao tip trong m hnh nh sau: ATU-C: n v truyn dn ADSL pha tng i. ATU-C c tch hp trong mt node truy nhp.

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ATU-R: n v truyn dn ADSL pha khch hng. Mng bng rng - Broadband Network: H thng chuyn mch tc d liu trn 1,5/2 Mb/s. HPF - High Pass Filter: B lc thng cao. LPF - Low Pass Filter: B lc thng thp. Mng bng hp - Narrowband Network: H thng chuyn mch d liu tc bng hoc di 1,5/2 Mb/s. NT- Network Termination: u cui mng. POST: Dch v mng in thoi truyn thng. M un dch v SM - Service Module: Hnh thnh cc chc nng p ng u cui; nh Set Top-Box, giao tip PC, hay router LAN. B lc Splitter: B lc phn chia tn s. Giao tip T- R: Giao tip gia ATU-R vi lp chuyn mch (ATM hay STM ). Giao tip T/S: giao tip vi u cui mng ADSL ( ADSL Network Termination) v mng trong nh thu bao CI ( Custommer Installation ). Giao tip U-C: Giao tip gia mch vng thu bao v ATU-C. Giao tip U-C2: Giao tip gia POST Splitter v ATU-C . Giao tip U-R: Giao tip gia mch vng thu bao v ATU-R. Giao tip U-R2: Giao tip gia POST Splitter v ATU-R. Giao tip logic V-C: Giao tip logic gia ATU-C v mng s bng rng (cc h thng chuyn mch ATM hay STM).

1.1.5 M hnh chung ca h thng cung cp dch v ADSL 1.1.5.1 M hnh kt ni ca h thng cung cp dch v ADSL

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H thng qun l v cung cp dch v ni dung (EMS, NMS, VoS, VPN, POP..)

ADSL-NT1 ADSL-NTn ADSL-NT1 ADSL-NTn ADSL-NT1 ADSL-NTn ADSL-NT1 ADSL-NTn Hnh 1.4 M hnh kt ni h thng cung cp dch v ADSL Kt ni gia B-RAS vi h thng qun l v cung cp dch v (Data Center) theo dng hnh sao. Giao din kt ni l Fast Ethernet/Giga Ethernet (quang) theo cu hnh 2+0. Cc FE/GE c phn b trn hai tuyn si khc nhau (phn tp) m bo an ton mng. Kt ni gia B-RAS vi mng Internet: S dng giao din FE/GE v cng c phng n kt ni d phng m bo an ton mng. Kt ni gia cc DSLAM-Hub ln MSS, ln B-RAS v ln mng trc: Cc DSLAM- Hub c kt ni ln MSS thc hin phng thc kt ni theo kiu hnh sao. Giao din kt ni c s dng l n x E1 hoc n x STM-1 (in hoc quang) ty thuc vo mt thu bao ADSL, dung lng truyn dn SDH v si quang hin c ca mi khu vc; kt ni gia MSS v BRAS

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l STM -1. Kt ni gia cc DSLAM : Ty thuc vo dung lng DSLAM v h tng mng truyn dn hin c, c th s dng phng php kt ni sau: Kt ni DSLAM dng chui : S dng cho nhng vng c truyn dn cp quang dng sao/Ring.

Hnh 4. 13 Kt ni DSLAM theo dng chui Kt ni tp trung cc DSLAM cng a im hay cng khu vc: S dng cc DSLAM-Hub tch hp cc tnh nng tp trung trong trng hp khu vc c lu lng s dng ln, ng thi tit kim ng truyn dn.

Hnh 4. 14 Kt ni DSLAM dng tp trung Ty thuc vo tng khu vc c th m c phng thc kt ni ph hp, hoc s dng kt hp c 2 phng php. Kt ni gia cc DSLAM/DSLAM-Hub s dng giao din E1 hoc STM-1. Ngoi ra c th s dng trc tip si quang mt s khu vc c th. i vi vi cc khu vc c nhu cu thu bao ADSL nh hoc phc v cho cc nhu cu pht trin thu bao t xut, cn c cc b Mini- DSLAM, kt ni s dng giao din n x E1.

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1.1.5.2 Chc nng ca h thng cung cp dch v ADSL Mng ADSL c thit k thuc lp truy nhp dch v, c chc nng tp trung lu lung kt ni truy nhp ca khch hng truyn ti ln mng ng trc, ng thi c kh nng cung cp cc dch v c th ca cng ngh ADSL. Cu trc tng th h thng cung cp dch v ADSL gm hai lp: Lp truy nhp v truyn ti dch v ADSL; lp qun l v cung cp dch v ADSL. a. Lp qun l v cung cp dch v ADSL: Lp ny bao gm cc chc nng sau: H thng my ch cung cp ni dung nh web server, game server, video server, VoD server.y l h thng cc my ch cu hnh mnh c kh nng p ng y cc dch v mng. H thng qun l DSLAM (EMS): h thng ny c t chc nhm m bo tnh thng nht v tp trung trn ton mng, cung cp cc ng dng thc hin tt vic cung cp dch v end-to-end. Cc chc nng c bn bao gm: + Qun l cc phn t mng: kim k cc phn t mng, cu trc mng v cc th mc, hin th phn t mng v tng thit b. + Qun l li: qun l cc cnh bo li hin ti, cc li xut hin v a ra c cc thng tin chi tit cnh bo. + Qun l bo mt: qun l cc thng tin truy nhp, iu khin giao tip ngi s dng. My ch qun l mng NMS: l mt dng clustering server; c kh nng phn cp qun l mng theo nhiu cp an ninh khc nhau; c phn mm qun l li, ci t cu hnh, h tr tnh cc, kim sot cht lng v anh ninh mng; c kh nng thc hin cc thao tc qun tr qua giao din web, h tr qun l t xa qua dial-up. My ch bc tng la Firewall Server: h tr VPN, NAT, an ton phi c chng thc bi cc t chc an ninh quc t, c kh nng lc bo v theo a ch, theo dch v, theo ngi dng.v.v. b. Lp truyn ti v truy nhp dch v ADSL: Lp ny bao gm cc chc nng sau: Thit b chuyn mch a dch v MSS: b sung kh nng chuyn mch gia cc thu bao trong cng DSLAM HUB; thit lp mng DDN h tr nhu cu kt ni knh ring; tp trung lu lng t cc DSLAM trc khi a ln BRAS.

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Thit b truy nhp t xa bng rng BRAS: Thit b tp trung ny c

kh nng h tr a dng cc giao tip kt ni, c kh nng x l rt cao nhm gim thiu cc kt ni logic (PVC), tp trung cc PVC n t DSLAM Hub vo mt hoc vi PVC, do cho php kt cui c hng ngn kt ni PPP cng lc t pha khch hng. Thit b tp trung lu lng truy nhp DSLAM Hub: L mt thit b c chc nng tp trung lng truy nhp t cc thit b ghp knh DSLAM truyn ti ln lp trn (B-RAS) v ngc li. Ngoi ra, DSLAM-Hub cn c chc nng ghp knh truy nhp (ging nh DSLAM) v trc tip cung cp cng kt ni ti cc khch hng trong khu vc phc v. Thit b ghp knh truy nhp (DSLAM) : L mt thit b ghp knh c chc nng trc tip cung cp cng kt ni ti khch hng. y l thit b tp trung cc ng thu bao ring l truyn ti ln lp trn (DSLAMHub/MSS/B- RAS) v ngc li. Do k thut ADSL s dng kt ni trc tip n vng lp v v khong cch gii hn ca cc vng lp trong cng ngh DSL, nn cc DSLAM thng c t ti cc CO (cc nt chuyn mch). Dung lng ca DSLAM ph thuc vo nhu cu thc t. 1.1.5.3 Yu cu k thut ca h thng cung cp dch v ADSL
Cc thit b phi c cu trc module nhiu khe cm cho php m rng

thm nhiu cng, card mt cch thun tin, ng thi ty thuc vo tim nng nhu cu s dng dch v m la chn nng lc cc i ca thit b tng ng. B-RAS phi c kh nng kt ni vi nhiu DSLAM/DSLAM-Hub ( thng qua giao din STM-1/ STM-4 quang hoc in ), ng thi phi c kh nng kt ni mng din rng c th trin khai cc dch v kt ni mng (VPN, .. .v.v). Cc thit b DSLAM/DSLAM-Hub v B-RAS phi c kh nng kt ni c vi cc MSS, s dng th tc truyn thng MPLS trn mng Backbone, ng thi phi c kh nng h tr cc cng ngh DSL khc ( VDSL, RADSL, G.SHDSL, v.v.) chun b cho kh nng cung cp cc dch v ny. MSS c kh nng chuyn mch do vy nu lu lng c truyn gia hai thu bao trong cng mt vng ca MSS th lu lng ny s c chuyn ngay ti MSS m khng cn phi ln B-RAS x l nhm gim ti cho BRAS.

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1.2 ng dng thit k h thng cung cp dch v ADSL tnh An Giang 1.2.1 Cc tiu chun thit k 1.2.1.1 Tiu chun thit k k thut, t chc mng ADSL a. Cc tiu chun phn tch, nh gi mng: S lng tuyn truyn ti trong mng (E): Biu th s lng tuyn truyn ti c th lin kt gia hai nt i, j trong mng. S lng nt trong mng (V) : Biu th s lng nt trong mng. S lng phn mng (G) : Biu th s cp mng c trong mng. Kch c mng c s (Cyclomatic (C)) : Biu th kch c ca mt mng c s, bao gm mng trc chnh v cc mng nhnh dng nan qut ni v mng li : C = E - V + G. Ch s Beta (b) : Ch s ny biu th mc ca mt mng.

Ch s Alpha (a) : Ch s a hay ch s d tha (d tr) l t s gia s

lng mch tham gia hot ng vi s lng mch ln nht c th c trong mt mng, y l mt ch s lin kt hu ch. Gi tr a = 0 biu th mng mt nhnh, y vic di chuyn bt k mt tuyn no cng ph v mng thnh hai phn mng. Gi tr a =1 hay 100% biu th mng c kt ni hon ton : =

x 100

Ch s Gamma (g) : Ch s Gamma l ch s gia s lng tuyn thc

c v s lng tuyn ln nht trong mt mng. Ch s ny biu th mc lin kt trong mng, hoc s gia tng cc tuyn lin tip c th dng truyn s liu t mt Node ti Node khc. Ch s Gamma cng ging nh ch s Beta cho thy s lin quan ti pht trin kinh t: kinh t ca quc gia pht trin hn, th s cc tuyn truyn ti s liu hoc hng ha khc nhau s ln hn v do vy c th tng hiu qu v gim tc nghn : 2E g = x 100 V(V -1)
ng knh mng truy nhp : Theo tiu chun thit b.

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b. Ch tiu thit k k thut t chc mng ADSL (m bo yu cu) : Ch tiu s tuyn truyn ti trong mng : E = 44 Ch tiu s lng Node trong mng (theo yu cu, nhu cu) : V = 31. Ch tiu s lng phn mng : G = 1. Ch tiu kch c mng c s Cyclomatic : C = 14. Ch tiu mc phc tp ca mng : b > 1. Ch tiu mc d tr ca mng : a = 0% 100%. Ch tiu mc lin kt mng : g > 0%. Ch tiu ng knh mng truy nhp : < 5,0 Km. 1.2.1.2 Tiu chun thit k lu lng truy nhp dch v ADSL a. Lu lng truy nhp dch v ADSL: Lu lng kt ni vo Local server: y l lu lng truy nhp ca cc thu bao ADSL trong h thng cung cp dch v ADSL bao gm: h thng qun l, cung cp dch v ADSL tp trung ti H Ni; h thng qun l, cung cp dch v ti ch (Bu in tnh, thnh ph). Lu lng kt ni vo cc ISPs quc gia: y l lu lng truy nhp ca cc thu bao ADSL vo mng cung cp dch v ca cc ISPs (nh cung cp dch v Internet trong nc nh VDC/FPT/NetNam/ v.v...). Lu lng kt ni quc t : y l lu lng kt ni ca cc thu bao ADSL vo mng Internet (IAP). Hiu sut s dng knh truy nhp dch v ADSL: y l t l truy nhp ng thi ca cc thu bao ADSL vo h thng cung cp dch v ADSL (Local Server, ISPs, IAP). Hiu sut lu lng thng qua B-RAS : y l t l lu lng truy nhp ca cc thu bao ADSL i vi dch v khng c cung cp ti ch (ti Bu in tnh, thnh ph). b.Ch tiu thit k lu lng truy nhp dch v ADSL: Ch tiu lu lng kt ni vo Local Server (TS) : Tc truy nhp dch v Local Server l 128 < TS < 512 Kbytes/s. Ch tiu lu lng kt ni vo ISPs (TN) : Tc truy nhp dch v ISPs l 32 < TN < 128 Kbytes/s. Ch tiu lu lng kt ni vo IAP ( : Tc truy nhp dch v IAPs l 8 < < 32 Kbytes/s. Ch tiu phn b lu lng kt ni dch v ADSL ca cc thu bao : T l kt ni dch v ADSL trong Local Server : 10% < hS < 15%. T l kt ni dch v ADSL trong ISPs : 35% < hN < 45%.

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T l kt ni dch v ADSL trong IAP : 40% < < 55%. Ch tiu hiu sut s dng knh truy nhp dch v ADSL ( ) : T l kt ni ng thi ca cc thu bao ADSL l 25% < < 60%. Ch tiu hiu sut lu lng thng qua B-RAS : 60% < hB-RAS < 80% c.Tnh tng lu lng truyn ti: Thit b truy nhp DSLAM c N ports : =N* * [ * + * + * ] (Kbytes/s) =k* * [ * + * + * ] (Kbytes/s) DSLAM-Hub : + = n* Trong : :l lu lng yu cu ca DSLAM-Hub. : l lu lng yu cu ca cc thu bao ADSL c cung cp trc tip bi DSLAM-Hub. : l lu lng ca cc DSLAM kt ni ti cc DSLAM-Hub. N : l s DSLAM kt ni ti cc DSLAM-Hub. K :l s thu bao kt ni ti mi DSLAM. N : l tng s thu bao ni ti DSLAM-Hub. Lu lng ca BRAS : T cc DSLAM/ DSLAM-Hub : = T B-RAS ti mng li : = hB-RAS.
(

Kbytes/s)

Trong : BB-RAS(out) : Lu lng kt ni t B-RAS ti mng Core Network. BB-RAS(in) : Lu lng kt ni ti B-RAS t cc DSLAM/DSLAM-Hub. HB-RAS: Hiu sut lu lng thng qua B-RAS. d.Tnh ton tc truyn ti dch v ADSL :
Tc truy nhp ca thit b DSLAM :
*

=
=

8(kbit/s)

Tc truy nhp ca thit b DSLAM-Hub :

*8(kbit/s)

Tc truy nhp t cc DSLAM/DSLAM-Hub ti B-RAS :

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*8(kbit/s)

Tc truy nhp t B-RAS ti mng Core Network :

*8(kbit/s)

1.2.1.3 Nguyn tc thit k k thut t chc mng ADSL tnh An Giang H thng ADSL Bu in tnh An Giang cn phi c trin khai theo nguyn tc t chc mng thng nht, trn c s mng hin c v nh hng mng th h sau NGN (Next Generation Network). Mng c xy dng da trn m hnh thit k v cc tiu chun k thut c nu cc phn trc. Bo m an ton, tin cy v bo mt thng tin cho khch hng. m bo tun th theo m hnh t chc mng ADSL c thng nht p dng trong ton Tng Cng Ty Bu chnh Vin thng Vit Nam (VNPT). Bo m cung cp cc dch v truy nhp Internet tc cao, VoD, kt ni WAN, LAN VPN, Video Conference, v.v. cho khch hng nh cc cng ty ln, a quc gia, cc doanh nghip va v nh, cc h gia nh, cc im truy nhp dch v. C kh nng cung cp dch v VoDSL trong tng lai. m bo nguyn tc iu khin phn tn, qun l tp trung. m bo chi ph u t thp, tn dng ti a c s h tng, pht trin dch v nhanh, d dng lp t, khai thc v qun l, bo dng. 1.2.1.4 Nguyn tc s dng v phn b a ch IP Giai on u s dng h a ch IPv4 trong vic cung cp dch v. Vic phn b a ch IPv4 phi c s dng hiu qu trn c s cn i gia mc ch v yu cu ca khch hng v s lng a ch IP. Thit b trong mng ADSL c kh nng cung cp a ch IP tnh v ng v c h tr chun NAT (Network Address Translation) nhm cung cp cc dch truy cp Internet cng cng, IP VPN, kt ni LAN, WAN .v.v. H thng c kh nng ng dng a ch IPv6 nhm trin khai ng b vi h thng a ch IPv6 ca mng trc ATM/ IP. Vic phn b a ch IP c s dng hiu qu trn c s cn i gia mc ch yu cu khch hng v s lng a ch IP. Thit b trong mng ADSL c kh nng cung cp a ch IP tnh v c h tr chun NAT (Network Address Translation) : + IP tnh (Static IP) : Trong trng hp ny, mi thu bao c gn mt a ch private IP m khng xem xt n thu bao ny c kt ni Internet hay khng. Xt trn kha cnh nh cung cp dch v th y l cch s dng a

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ch lng ph, nhng khch hng li d dng hn trong vic duy tr kt ni. i vi mt s khch hng s dng Web Server, Game Server, Ftp Server th vic cp a ch tnh l bt buc. + IP ng : Trong trng hp ny Public IP ch c gn cho thu bao khi h kt ni Internet v s c thu hi li khi thu bao ny ngng kt ni. Sau a ch Public IP ny c s dng li gn cho thu bao khc nh giao thc DHCP (Dynamic Host Conlguration Protocol). Do s lng a ch Public IP hn ch, nn cn s dng cc thit b ADSL v B-RAS c h tr chun NAT, trong trng hp ny nhiu thu bao c gn a ch Private IP, khi nhng thu bao ny kt ni Internet th thit b s dch nhiu a ch Private IP sang cng mt a ch Public IP. Vi cch s dng ny nhiu thu bao c th s dng cng mt a ch Public IP truy cp Internet.

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ADSL

PHN 2 THIT K
2.1 Thit k ng ADSL tnh An Giang 2.1.1 Gi thit Tnh An Giang c 10000 thu bao. Trong 10% s dng dch v ADSL. trung tm tnh ngi ta trang b mt DSLAM-Hub vi s cng l 200, cn cc a phng trang b DSLAM 96 cng, mi DSLAM phi li 10% s cng d phng. Chn cc thng s nh sau: =15% ; = ; =45% ; =512 Kbytes/s; = ; =32 Kbytes/s ; = ; hB-RAS =80% 2.1.2 Tnh tng lu lng truyn ti Theo gi thit : S thu bao s dng ADSL l 10000*10% =1000 DSLAM-Hub c 200 cng vi 10% d phng hay 20 cng s thu bao ni vi DSLAM-Hub l 200 20 = 180 ( N= 180), 1000180= 820 thu bao cn li ni ti cc DSLAM a phng DSLAM c 96 cng vi 10% d phng c 86 cng ni ti thu bao,c 820 thu bao nn cn 10 DSLAM(n=10), mi DSLAM ni ti 82 thu bao (k=82) Thit b truy nhp DSLAM c N ports : =N* * [ * + * + * ] (Kbytes/s) =180*0,6*[0,15*512+0,4*128+0,45*32] =15379,2 (Kbytes/s) =k* * [ * + * + * ] (Kbytes/s) =82*0,6*[0,15*512+0,4*128+0,45*32] =7006,07 (Kbytes/s) + = n* =15379,2 + 10*7006,07= 85440 (Kbytes/s) Trong : :l lu lng yu cu ca DSLAM-Hub. : l lu lng yu cu ca cc thu bao ADSL c cung cp trc tip bi DSLAM-Hub. : l lu lng ca cc DSLAM kt ni ti cc DSLAM-Hub. n : l s DSLAM kt ni ti cc DSLAM-Hub. k :l s thu bao kt ni ti mi DSLAM. N : l tng s thu bao ni ti DSLAM-Hub. Lu lng ca BRAS : T cc DSLAM/ DSLAM-Hub :

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THIT K MN HC

ADSL

= T B-RAS ti mng li : = hB-RAS* =

=85440 (Kbytes/s)

= 68352 (Kbytes/s)

Trong : BB-RAS(out) : Lu lng kt ni t B-RAS ti mng Core Network. BB-RAS(in) : Lu lng kt ni ti B-RAS t cc DSLAM/DSLAM-Hub. hB-RAS: Hiu sut lu lng thng qua B-RAS. 2.1.3 Tnh ton tc truyn ti dch v ADSL
Tc truy nhp ca thit b DSLAM :

=
=

8(kbit/s) =15379,2*8=56049 (kbit/s)

Tc truy nhp ca thit b DSLAM-Hub :

*8(kbit/s) = 85440*8 = 683520 (kbit/s)

Tc truy nhp t cc DSLAM/DSLAM-Hub ti B-RAS :

*8(kbit/s) = 683520 (kbit/s)

Tc truy nhp t B-RAS ti mng Core Network :

*8(kbit/s) = 68352*8 =546816 (kbit/s)

2.2 Yu cu k thut ca cc thit b trn mng 2.2.1 Thit b chuyn mch a dch v MSS (Multi Service Switch ) Yu cu chung : Kin trc module c th m rng linh hot khi c nhu cu. Kh nng chuyn mch MSS ti thiu 2 Gbps. H tr giao din ATM n x STM-1, n x E1 uplink v downlink. H tr giao din E1 ( Circuit Emulation ). H tr giao din cc giao din Ethernet. Yu cu k thut chi tit : Yu cu v bo hiu v nh tuyn ca ATM. ATMF UNI 3.1, UNI 4.0 ATMF PNNI 3.1, ISIP 1.0 Point - to Point, Point toMultipoint PVC, SVC, SPVC. ILMI 4.0

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THIT K MN HC

ADSL

Yu cu v cc giao din ATM : STM-4/OC-12: IR, LR, VLR. STM-1/OC-3: IR, LR, VLR. E3 E1 H tr Circuit emulation ( dng kt ni vi mng DDN hin ti m khng h tr kt ni ATM ). Cung cp cc kt ni FR cho User v lin mng. Cc dch v Ethernet : H tr cng Gigabit Ethernet : 1000 Base X, 1000 Base T (option). H tr cng Fast Ethernet : 1000 Base T. VLAN 802.1 Q. CoS per 801.1 p. VLAN aggregation over MPLS. Multicasting. ATM- Ethernet Interworking : Dch v Transparent LAN Mapping Point - to - Point ca VC vo Port, VLAN, CoS v ngc li. IP/MPLS ( ty chn ) : MPLS LER (PE) Layer 2 multi service interworking (Draft Martini) : Ethernet over MPLS. Point - To - Point Ethernet over MPLS da trn port, VLAN, SoS. Yu cu v qun l lu lng : Tun th ATM TM 4.0 v TM 4.1 H tr CBR.rt - VBR, ABR, UBR, shaped UBR v GFR. Shapinh theo tng VC v VP. Weighted fair queuing (WFQ). Yu cu v ng b : C kh nng ly ngun ng b theo 2 Mb v 2 MHz. 2.2.2 BRAS Cc loi giao din vt l : STM-16 / OC-12c SM SR/IR/LR. STM-1 / OC -3c SM SR/IR/LR.

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THIT K MN HC

ADSL

DS3 E3 Fast Ethernet (100 Base TX,FX) Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Base FX -40Km) DWDM Cc giao din vt l da trn SONET/SDH c th da trn ATM. Mt s c tnh : B nh flash ca server, DRAM, SRAM, kh nng m rng ti a. Dung lng mt sau (back plane) ca server truy nhp S lng phin PPP. S tunnel L2TP. S lng ti a VPN (IP, MPLS, VPN/ATM) c h thng h tr. Cc yu cu k thut : Chc nng lp IP : Qun l lu lng : DiffServ, RSCV v MPLS. nh tuyn: h tr cc giao thc nh tuyn OSPF RIPI&2, TCP/IP, UDP, NTP, FTP, BRA, PRA v IXP/SPX, ERP, EBGP v BGP4. Lp lin kt d liu : LAPB, LAPD, HDLC, PPP, HDB3, CMI, NRZ nh phn, ATM,MPLS, L2TP, PPTP. Lp lin kt vt l : 802.3u, 802.3z, RS232, G703, STM1, STM4, STM16, E3, V35I, V24I, X.21. Cc phin PPP : H tr PPPoA (RFC2364) v PPPoE (RFC2516). Vn hnh PPPoE trn giao din AAL5. C kh nng chp thun cc kiu ca PPP v mode 1483 bridge/routed. Cc giao din qun l : H tr giao din MIB/SNMP v2, corba. Mng ring o : Xc nh VPN da trn ATM hay IP MPLS hoc c hai. H thng c kh nng cung cp VPN s dng MPLS. H thng phi c kh nng h tr VPN s dng cc giao thc tunnel L2TP v PPTP. S lng ti a bng nh tuyn. Cc yu cu i vi h thng da trn ATM :

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S lng VPC v VCC trong mi khi , mi card v cng. Tun th ATM Forum UNI3. 1/4.0 UNI pha VPI trong khong 0-255 NNI pha VPI trong khong 0-4095 UNI pha VCI trong khong 0-65535 NNI pha VCI trong khong 0-65535 UNI o c h tr trn tt c cc cng giao din Nu SCV c h tr, chun bo hiu c s dng cho UNI phi tun th ATM Forum UNI3.1/4.0, chun bo hiu s dng cho NNI phi tun th ATM Forum PNNI version 1.0 v HSP H tr RFC 1483, 1577, MPLS Yu cu k thut quang : Kiu kt ni quang l FC-PC Yu cu b chuyn i E/O suy hao ti a trong si n mode l -25dbm ng b mng : H thng nhn ng b t thit b truyn dn m n kt ni. o H thng h tr ng b bn ngoi ng b. Mt s ch tiu k thut khc : H thng c chc nng ging nh mt server DHCP. o H thng phi h tr giao thc Dynamic Host Conlguration. o Xc nh a ch IP cho DHCP. o Server truy nhp phi h tr NAT v PAT. o H thng phi cung cp IPv4, IPv6. H thng phi c kh nng phi hp hot ng vi mng li. Cc giao din da trn cc b kt ni ATM hoc kt ni IP MPLS. Cc c tnh c hc, in hc v mi trng : Thit b c cp ngun -48V, hot ng trong khong -42V n 64V Ch r cng sut tiu th ca ton h thng. H thng phi ph hp vi mi trng nhit i. H thng hot ng c m khng nh hng n tin cy ca h thng trong iu kin mi trng nhit t 0 o n 50o C, m t 5% n 90%. Trong trng hp khng c iu ha nhit , h thng vn phi hot ng bnh thng trong khong nhit 60o C v 95% m trong khong thi gian l 48 ting.

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THIT K MN HC

ADSL

2.2.3 DSLAM Cc giao din : Cc giao din vt l v pha khch hng : ANSI T1.413 ksue2 ITU- T G.922.1 (G.DMT) ITU- T G.922.2 (G.Lite) ITU- T G.994.1 (G.hs) SDSL o G.SHDSL VDSL Cc giao din vt l v pha mng : STM-4 / OC -12c SM SR/IR/LR STM-1 / OC -3c SM SR/IR/LR DS3 E3 Past Ethernet (100Base TX, FX) n x E1 n x E1 IMA Cc giao din qun l : Cc thit b h tr giao din MIB/SNMP v2, giao din corba o Cc giao din khc Cc ch tiu k thut : Cc ch tiu k thut da trn ATM : Ton b h thng h tr ti thiu kt ni 11K (cc VCC v VPC) Tun th ATM Forum UNI3. 1/4.0 NNI pha VPI trong khong 0-4095 o NNI pha VCI trong khong 0-65535 UNI o c h tr trn tt c cc cng giao din o Nu SVC c h tr, chun bo hiu c s dng cho UNI phi tun th ATM Forum UNI3.1/4.0, chun bo hiu s dng cho NNI phi tun th ATM Forum PNNI version 1.0 v IISP. Tun th ATM Forum TM4.0, bao gm cc lp dch v (CBR, VBR-nrt, VBR-rt, UBR) H tr RFC 1483, 1577, MPLS (K thut lu lng MPLS, VPN) Cc yu cu i vi h thng da trn IP : Dung lng chuyn mch ca tng DSLAM. o H tr COS

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THIT K MN HC

ADSL

ni.

(Class o Service) o H tr L2TP. o H tr MPLS (lu lng, VPN) Cc yu cu i vi card ADSL : ATU-C c kh nng t ng tm theo T1.143 Issue 2, G.Lite hoc G.DMT o ATU-C h tr ITU-T G.994.1 Truy nhp knh thu bao h tr tc ph hp vi cng ngh ADSL v tc truyn dn ADSL c iu khin mm t CO ca DSLAM. o Cc knh thu bao ADSL c kh nng h tr BER l 10-7 i vi cp ng c ng knh 0,4mm v 0,5mm v di l 4Km. Ton b cc ATU-C trong tng i hot ng theo gii hn truyn danh nh c qui nh trong T1.143, Issue2, G.Lite hoc G.DMT. Cc ATU-C ngoi tng i c cu hnh hot ng ti mc cng sut truyn danh nh khc hoc gim mc cng sut 10db di mc danh nh. o Mt s thng s k thut: trng thi cng, tc bit, mode hot ng, mode nh khung, ... Cc yu cu i vi giao din v b phn tch POST : H thng con ADSL bao gm b phn tch POST c hai pha ca ADSL Dch v POST vn hot ng bnh thng ngay c khi ngun c s c. B phn tch pha khch hng bao gm mt b vi lc. Cc dch v thoi tng t vi cc dch v nh Caller-ID v cc dch v Centrex c h tr trn tt c cc knh. o Cc c tnh chng qu p. Ch tiu quang : Kiu kt ni quang l FC-PC. B chuyn i E/O nu thit b h tr giao din quang. o suy hao ti a trn si n mode l 25dbm ng b mng : H thng nhn ng b t thit b truyn dn m n kt H thng h tr ng b bn ngoi ng b. Cc ch tiu k thut khc : o Kh nng phi hp hot ng vi cc CPE trong h thng. o H tr kt cui phin PPP. o H tr Universal Slot. o Cc chun giao din (G.703, RS232, V,35, .). o Cc giao

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THIT K MN HC

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thc v giao thc nh tuyn multi-cast, broadcast. Cc c tnh c, in v mi trng : Thit b c cp ngun -48v, hot ng trong khong -42V n - 64V Ghi r cng sut tiu th cc i ca ton b h thng. H thng phi ph hp vi mi trng nhit i. H thng hot ng c m khng nh hng n tin cy ca h thng trong iu kin mi trng nhit t 0 n 50 C, m t 5% n 90%. Trong trng hp khng c iu ha, h thng vn phi hot ng bnh thng trong khong nhit t 60 tr xung v m t 95% tr xung trong khong thi gian l 48 gi. 2.2.4 H thng qun l mng NMS NMS cung cp mi trng qun l tch hp, cc thnh phn mng c cung cp bi nhiu nh cung cp. H thng qun l bao gm cc chc nng qun l sau : * Chc nng qun l li : chc nng ny s cung cp cc cng c gim st trng thi ca mng, cc s c s c pht hin v c thng bo n ngi dng. * Chc nng qun l cht lng : chc nng ny gim st v qun l cht lng ca cc thnh phn mng v mng ni chung. Chc nng ny s cung cp cc chc nng v thng tin sau y : Cc thu bao ang hot ng v khng hot dng. ATU-R b li. Vic s dng PVC v SVC. To ra cc thng bo v cht lng hin ti v qu kh theo cc giai on gi, ngy, tun, thng trn mi tuyn. Kim nh cht lng tuyn v dch v c cung cp. Gim st vic s dng bng tn (ln v xung) ca khch hng ti CO. Hin th thng k lu lng. Cht lng ng truyn vt l. To ra / cp nht / xa ngng i vi mi loi hnh dch v. Hin th chn on li. * Chc nng qun l cu hnh : Chc nng ny a ra c cu qun l cc vt th di s iu khin ca h thng qun l. N bao gm cc chc nng sau :

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THIT K MN HC Thay i cu hnh.

ADSL

Khi to cc vt th mng, ngng v di chuyn chng ra khi

dch v. Thu thp cc trng thi mng. * Chc nng qun l bo mt : Chc nng ny xc nh s truy nhp ng v cc hot ng ca h thng c thc hin bi ngi s dng bng mt khu. H thng s c cung cp t nht ba lp bo mt sau : Bo mt lp h thng. Bo mt ng dng. Bo mt lp c s d liu. * Chc nng qun l phn mm. Cc thit b mng trung tm My ch qun l mng : S dng Clustering Server. H tr qun l chung cho tt c cc thit b mng ca cng kt ni Internet (IAP) cng nh mng cung cp dch v (ISP). C kh nng thc hin tt c cc thao tc qun tr trn giao din Web. C cc cng c h tr dng Wizard. H tr qun l theo dng Out-of-Band qun l thit b ngay khi c s c xy ra trn ng kt ni thng. H tr qun l t xa qua Dial-up v giao din Web thng thng. C kh nng phn cp v qun l mng theo nhiu cp an ninh khc nhau. C phn mm cc cng c qun l li, t cu hnh, h tr cho tnh cc, kim sot cht lng v an ton mng. H thng tnh cc : H tr kh nng tnh cc cho 11.000 thu bao khc nhau v c kh nng m rng trong tng lai. C kh nng tnh cc theo thi gian thc. C kh nng x l vi tc cao. C dung lng b nh ngoi ln, c a cng External. Chy trn nn UNIX-Solaris vi h c s d liu Oracle Database Enterprise Edition. S dng Clustering Server. Cc yu cu ti thiu v phn cng: CPU: 4 x 700 MHz.

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RAM: 2 x 1GB. Card mng Fast Ethernet. a cng: 4 x 18 GB hot swap; 128 GB External hot swap. RAID controller. Server xc thc truy nhp (Radius-AAA) : C kh nng tng thch s lng ln thu bao bng rng. Cung cp dch v VPN. Cu hnh chung: Cc module ng h v cnh bo c d phng. Cc b ngun d phng N:1. Cc giao din : DS3 ATM, BNC connector. E3 ATM, BNC connector. Ethernet 10/100Base-T. nh tuyn : RIP, RIPv2, OSPF, nh tuyn tnh, b lc nh tuyn. BGP-4. MPLS (RFC 2547 bis). Cc mng o v bo mt. RADIUS, PAP, CHAP, lc gi, nhn thc da vo tn min, nh tuyn da vo tn min , ATMP, cc b nh tuyn o L2TP (LAC V LNS), nhn dng trn dng lnh, nhn thc truy nhp khu vc. Qun l h thng v mng. Local/remote (TELNET), giao din dng lnh, SNMP,Java EMS trn NT v Solaris, tch hp HP Open View, h tr syslog, chng trnh k ton RADIUS, nng cp nhanh chng qua TFTP, cc tp cu hnh dng ASCII. Phn mm AAA Server : H tr cc chun RADIUS RFC, cc thuc tnh tunnel protocol RADIUS. H tr Distributed Authentication Proxy, Multiple Authentication. H tr cc multi NAS Dictionary. H tr CHAP. H tr remote Proxy. H tr qun l IP address Pool, Dynamic Access Controls, port Allocation.

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THIT K MN HC H tr Load balancing v Fail Over. H tr DNIS routing. H tr giao din Web cho ngi qun tr. H tr qun l cc User-session.

ADSL

H tr cc truy cp h thng tp tin nh: LDAP, UNIX

password ile, Oracle, TACAS+, ... H tr vic lu gi log. H tr HDH UNIX.

Firewall :

C th l sn phm phn cng hoc kt hp phn mm: an ton cao c chng thc bi cc t chc quc t. Thng lng cao. C kh nng h tr VPN. Kh nng bo v phong ph vi nhiu hnh thc nh bo v theo a ch, theo dch v, theo ngi dng, v.v. H tr Secure ID authentication. H tr SNMPv2. C h tr cp nht nh k. H tr cc thut ton an ninh p ng (Adaptive Security Algorithm). Stateful failover/hot standby. C chc nng NAT (Network Address Translation). H tr giao din mng (NIC) 10/100. Tnh thng sut: cc cng mng ca tt c cc Firewall trong nhm c cng a ch IP v a ch MAC nhm trnh tr propagation cho thng tin routing v trnh khng mt thm a ch IP cho Firewall. Hai h thng Firewall cn i km vi thit b clustering nhm m bo cc chc nng chnh nh: Stateul Failover/hot standby. H tr t nht 280.000 kt ni ng thi, thng lng clear text 370Mb. Caching Server: Intel Pentium III 1,13GHz, 512KBL2 Cache. 04 x 256MB ECC SDRAM. x 18.2GB 10Krpm Ultra3 SCSI HDD. Single channel Ultra3 SCSI controllers. Dual embedded 10/100TX LAN adapter.

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THIT K MN HC Web Server: Intel Pentium III 1,13GHz, 512KBL2 Cache. 02 x 256MB ECC SDRAM. 18.2GB 10Krpm Ultra3 SCSI HDD. Single channel Ultra3 SCSI controllers. Dual embedded 10/100TX LAN adapter 1U racked. QoS Server : Intel Pentium III 1,13GHz, 512KBL2 Cache. 04 x 256MB ECC SDRAM. 18.2GB 10Krpm Ultra3 SCSI HDD. Single channel Ultra3 SCSI controllers. Dual embedded 10/100TX LAN adapter 1U racked. Conferencing Server :

ADSL

Intel Pentium III Xeon 700MHz, 1MBL2 Cache. 04 x 256MB ECC SDRAM. 18.2GB 10Krpm Ultra3 SCSI HDD. Single channel Ultra3 SCSI controllers. IBM Server RAID 4Mx(64MB Cache). 4U racked. Four 10/100TX LAN adapter. Dual power supplies. VoD Server : Dual Intel pentium III Xeon 700MHz, 1MBL2 Cache. 04 x 256MB ECC SDRAM. 18.2GB 10Krpm Ultra3 SCSI HDD. Dual channel Ultra3 SCSI controllers. RAID 4Mx(64MB Cache). 4U racked. Four 10/100TX LAN adapter. Dual power supplies. LAN Switch : H tr IPv4, IPX, OSPF v BGP-4. 10/100 Ethernet module 20 cng. Cc module c d phng, c th tro i cng. C h thng lm mt, h thng gim st.

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THIT K MN HC

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Kh nng lu tr v duy tr nhiu phin bn h iu hnh. H tr cc tc t lung T3/E3 n tc OC-48/STM16(2,4GHz). H tr cc giao thc routing: RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF, PIM, BGP. H tr nhiu phng thc m bo cht lng dch v (QoS) khc nhau. C cc giao din LAN tc cao nh Ethernet, Fast Ethernet v FDDL. C kh nng qun l giao din SNMP hay Telnet. H tr nhiu cng nh: Cc cng OC-3/STM-1 POS. Cc cng OC-12/STM-4 POS. Cc cng OC-4/STM-16 POS. Cc cng OC-3/STM-1 ATM. Cc cng OC-12/STM-4 ATM. Cc cng DS3. Cc cng Gigabit Ethernet. Thch hp vi cc yu cu v NEB/ETSI. Tch hp IS-IS. Ti thiu c 8 cng modem. Thit b ngun UPS: S dng cng ngh : True On-line UPS, trc tuyn, chuyn i kp (c ngun xoay chiu ln ngun mt chiu t Battery). * u vo: S pha : Ba pha c chn la c. Mc in p danh nh : 380, 400, 415VAC. Di bin i in p: 320 - 480VAC. Tn s : 50/60Hz (chn t ng). Bin ng tn s : 10% . mo hi : < 5%. Bo v: CB- Circuit Breaker, b lc RFI Filter. * u ra : in p : 208/220/230/240VAC. Bin ng in p : < 5%. Tn s 50Hz. Bin ng tn s : 5%. Dng in p hnh sin chun.

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THIT K MN HC Cng sut : > 10KVA.

ADSL

Hiu sut bin i ca b i in : > 90% (vi ti 100%). mo sng hi trc tuyn : < 3% mo sng hi phi tuyn : > 5%. Loi ti c th cung cp : tt c cc tnh cht. * Kh nng ca UPS :
Gi in p v tn s u ra lun n nh 100% ti. Khi c s c ngun din u vo, thi gian lu in ti thiu 30

pht. Thi gian np li : < 10 gi. Chuyn sang mch d phng v t ng chuyn i ch khi tr v iu kin bnh thng. Kh nng chu qu ti : 110 - 125% trong mt pht, 125 - 150% trong 10 giy. T ng iu chnh, np c b nhit. C kh nng sa cha, bo dng UPS m khng gy nh hng n vic cp ngun cho ti. V.v...

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