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  • Computer Architecture: Unit-1

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    This document discusses basic computer architecture concepts including the functional units of a processor and their connections to memory. It describes the fetch-execute cycle where the program counter addresses instructions in memory and either loads them into the instruction register or moves data between memory and registers. Interrupts from I/O devices can trigger interrupt service routines. The single-bus structure connects the processor, memory and I/O units. Buffers hold information during data transfers on the bus. System software performs essential functions like command interpretation, file management and I/O control, and includes key components like compilers, text editors and the operating system.

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    Computer Architecture

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    This document discusses basic computer architecture concepts including the functional units of a processor and their connections to memory. It describes the fetch-execute cycle where the program counter addresses instructions in memory and either loads them into the instruction register or moves data between memory and registers. Interrupts from I/O devices can trigger interrupt service routines. The single-bus structure connects the processor, memory and I/O units. Buffers hold information during data transfers on the bus. System software performs essential functions like command interpretation, file management and I/O control, and includes key components like compilers, text editors and the operating system.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    4 views9 pages

    Computer Architecture: Unit-1

    Uploaded by

    Durga
    This document discusses basic computer architecture concepts including the functional units of a processor and their connections to memory. It describes the fetch-execute cycle where the program counter addresses instructions in memory and either loads them into the instruction register or moves data between memory and registers. Interrupts from I/O devices can trigger interrupt service routines. The single-bus structure connects the processor, memory and I/O units. Buffers hold information during data transfers on the bus. System software performs essential functions like command interpretation, file management and I/O control, and includes key components like compilers, text editors and the operating system.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    Computer Architecture

    Unit-1

    Basic functional units of a computer

    Connections between the processor and the memory

    BASIC OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS

    Fetching & execution of instructions Instruction address from PC PC to MAR Using control signals MAR -> Memory ->MDR -If instruction MDR -> IR - If data MDR -> register Execute instruction

    INTERRUPTS
    Interrupt is a request from an I/O device for service by the processor Interrupt service routine Example - ctrl,alt & del

    Single-bus structure
    Input Output Memory Processor

    BUS & BUFFER


    A group of lines that serves as a connecting path for several devices "BUS To hold the information during transfers "BUFFER REGISTERS

    SYSTEM SOFTWARE ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS

    Receiving and interpreting user commands Entering and editing application programs File management Application program management Controlling I/O units Program Translation Linking & Running

    SYSTEM SOFTWARE KEY COMPONENTS

    Compiler Text editor Operating system

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