FANS

Types of fans Centrifugal

Airflow changes
Direction Twice

Axial
No change in Direction

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Rotating impeller increases air velocity

Air speed is converted to pressure

Categorized by blade shapes Radial Forward curved Backward inclined

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TERMINOLOGY Static Pressure: The absolute pressure at a point minus the reference atmospheric pressure.

Dynamic Pressure:
The rise in static pressure which occurs when air moving with specified velocity at a point is bought to rest without loss of mechanical energy.

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Hydraulic Efficiency
=Ha/Hi

Vane Efficiency
=Ha/He

Volumetric Efficiency
=Q/Qi

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Mechanical Efficiency

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Sum of static pressure losses in system

Configuration of ducts, pickups, elbows

Pressure drop across equipment Increases with square of air volume Long narrow ducts, many bends: more resistance Large ducts, few bends: less resistance

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Forward Curve Centrifugal Fan Operating Range = 30% to 80% wide-open Volume

Large air volumes against low pressure Relative small size Low noise level

Forward-curved blades for high flow, Low pressure applications. The fluid velocity at the exit is larger than the tip speed of the impeller

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Backward Curve Centrifugal Fan

Operating Range = 40-85% of wide open.

Operates with changing static pressure

Suited for high flow and forced draft services

Efficiency >85%

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High pressure and temp. Simple design High durability Efficiency up to 75% Large running clearances

Suitable for High speeds, Low volumes, and High pressures.

Vacuum Cleaners

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FAN LAWS
Fan Law 1 Impeller diameter (D) constant, Change in RPM

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Change in Fan Size

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