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آفاق التعليم الافتراضي الفلسطيني ودوره في التنمية السياسية
آفاق التعليم الافتراضي الفلسطيني ودوره في التنمية السياسية
.
2006
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1.1
2.1
3.1
4.1
10
5.1
10
6.1
11
7.1
12
8.1
16
9.1
16
10.1
17
11.1
20
22
1.2
25
2.2
27
3.2
28
1.3.2
29
2.3.2
33
4.2
35
1.4.2
35
2.4.2
37
3.4.2
39
5.2
40
6.2
40
1.6.2 )(
41
2.6.2
41
7.2
42
1.7.2
43
2.7.2
45
8.2
47
9.2
52
10.2
56
11.2
58
12.2
60
13.2
60
63
1.3
64
1.1.3
68
2.1.3
69
2.3
70
1.2.3
72
2.2.3
73
3.2.3
74
4.2.3
76
3.3
77
1.3.3
82
4.3
84
1.4.3
85
88
1.4 :
89
2.4
90
3.4
98
1.3.4
99
1.1.3.4
100
2.1.3.4
101
4.4 )(
102
1.4.4
104
2.4.4
105
5.4
109
1.5.4
110
2.5.4
111
6.4
116
7.4
119
8.4
121
124
1.5
125
2.5
127
3.5
128
1.3.5
129
2.3.5
132
4.5
134
1.4.5
135
2.4.5
140
5.5
142
6.5
152
7.5
153
156
1.6
158
1.1.6
159
1.1.1.6
159
2.1.1.6
161
2.1.6
163
1.2.1.6
163
2.2.1.6
167
169
181
1
2
181
182
183
189
190
191
195
196
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1.1
2.1
3.1
4.1
5.1
6.1
7.1
8.1
9.1
10.1
11.1
1.1 Preface
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"" .
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Information Space Era
.
)( .Virtual Learning
3
)(
Distance
Learning
.
Multimedia
3D Virtual Reality
. On-line discussing
Interactive dialogue
.
.
Internet
.
e-mail Chatting News Groups
Data Base .
Learning Portal
.
.Computer-Aided Teaching
1Webct
.2WebCAT
1
)http://www.webct.com/
( 2. .
- - -
)http://www.ituarabic.org/E-Education/Doc24-SuezCanalUniv.doc.(25/7/2005
.
.
.
.
Virtual Universities
e-Learning
.On-line Learning
Continuation Learning Training
.Learning Environment
)(
Virtual
Virtual Library
Virtual Laboratory
e-book
Virtual Teacher
Virtual Learner
Virtual Classroom
White Board
.
5
Synchronous
Learning Asynchronous Learning
.
Virtual Groups
.
.
.
)(
Sustainable Development .
.
)(
Knowledge Society
Knowledge gap Digital gap
Knowledge Economy Knowledge-
.based Economy
.
. -
.
6
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-
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2.1 The problem of study
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7
) .(1998/4/21-17
Self-Paced
Learning .
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22-20 2005
1 .
)(
( 1 : . .
/ .4-1 2005
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)(
:
)(
)(
3.1 The hypothesis of study
)( Multiple
Hypothesis .
:
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9
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6.1 Limits of study
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11
:
2005 .
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7.1 Terms of study
:Electronic Education :
.
.
)( :Virtual Learning
.
:Distance Learning
.
:Online learning
.
:Self-based Learning
.
( 1 : .: .2002 383
12
:Continuation Learning
.
) ":(communication )
( ".
:Communication Technology
.
:Chat
.
:Information Technology
.
:Internet
.TCP/IP
:Multimedia
.
( 1 : . .2 : .1998 . 57
( 2 : " " "
17-16 : 1423 2002 1
3
) Vince.John: Introduction to Virtual Reality. London ; New York: Springer. 2004. P 146
4
) Ibid. P.147
13
:Simulation
.
:Computer-Aided Teaching Programs
.
Webct .WebCAT
:Learning Portal
.
:Information Society
.
:Virtual Society
.
) :(Knowledge Society
.
) :(Knowledge gap
.
) :(Digital gap
.
( 1
( 2
)http://www.acpss.ahram.org.eg/2001/1/1/WEEK429.HTM(26/6/2005
( 3
)http://www.alkotla.com/details.asp?id=968(28/6/2005
14
) :(Knowledge Economy .
.
) : (Knowledge-based Economy
) ( .
:Virtual Reality
3
3D .
:Interactive Learning
.
:Synchronous Learning
.
.
:Asynchronous Learning
.
.
( 1
( 2
) Vince.John: OP.Cit. P. 150
( 4 : .
)http://www.mans.edu.eg/centers/english/We7da1/Virtual1.htm(22/6/2005
5
)) http://www.edunet.tn/ressources/ntic/sophie_f/sophie13.htm(24/6/2005
6
))http://www.ibtikar.ac.ma/arabe_n/project/CATT(25/6/2005
7
))http://www.ituarabic.org/E-Education/Doc9-Palestine-ppt.pp(25/6/2005
15
16
:Interview
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.
10.1 Literature of study
)(
.
.
. :
: :
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" " .1
.
: :
)(
.
( 1 : .
17
. )
(1999 " " 1.
. )(1998
" " 2
.
) (Coveney &Highfield, 1995
) (Text
.
) ( (Bill Gates, Myerfold Nathan, Peter
) Renderson" " .3
. ) (Information Superhighway
.
:
.
)( . (John Vince, 2004) 2004"
" " 4"Introduction to Virtual Reality
(1 : ..1 :
1999 .
(2 : . .1 : .
.1998
(3 . : ) ( . : .
) .(231 : .1998.
4
) Vince.John: OP.Cit
18
.
"" .
.
)( . )
1423( " : " .1
.
.
.
.http://www.SVUonline.org :
: :
"
"
) (Nasru Fathiyeh, 1993
" 2"Preliminary Vision of a Palestinian Education System
.
.
( 1 : :.. .. .. ) .
. 1423/8/17-16 . (
)http://www.ksu.edu.sa/seminars/future-school/Papers/AbdullahEtergyPaper.rtf(30/6/2005
2
) Nasru, Fathiyeh: Preliminary Vision of a Palestinian education System. Birzeit: Birzeit
University. Nov. 1993.
19
.
. .
: :
.
) (2003 " .
" .1 .
.
.
11.1 Sections of study
:
: :
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: )( :
)(
.
( 1 : . . :
.2003 .
20
. )( .
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: :
:
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: :
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)(
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21
1.2
2.2
3.2
1.3.2
2.3.2
4.2
1.4.2
2.4.2
3.4.2
5.2
6.2
1.6.2 )(
2.6.2
7.2
1.7.2
2.7.2
8.2
9.2
10.2
11.2
12.2
13.2
22
.
.
.
)(.
)( .Distance Learning
.
.
1.
)(
.
)(
Computers
Internet Multimedia e-Search Engine
( 1 , : ..22
( 2 .
)http://www.albayan.co.ae/albayan/2002/05/18/mhl/30.htm(26/6/2005
23
e-Libraries
1.
.
.
)(
.
. / 2005
" "
350 .
:
2.
/ 1997 .1998
.
.
.
( 1 : .
( 2 .
24
1.
) : (.
1.2
"" " "Virtual
3.
.
.
.
)(
. "
" .
4. " "
) (Virtual Reality
Multimedia ) (3D
( 1 : .. ..! ) : .
/17-16 .1423/(.
(http.//www.ksu.edu.sa/seminars/futur-school/Papers/AlMuhaisin1Paper.rtf(30/5/2005
( 2 : .
http://www.almughtarib.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1637&Itemid=64
)(15/3/2006
3
) Vince.John: OP.Cit. P 3
( 4 : .
25
" "
"" "
" " "
) (Educational Technology .
" "
" "
" " )(
"
.
" "
" "
.
" "Virtual " "
:
" " )(
.
.
( 1 . .
)http://www.mans.edu.eg/centers/udc/arabic/We7da/Virtual1.htm(30/6/2005
( 2 : .
( 3 : .
)http:// www.al-jazirah.com.sa/digimag/07032004/cartoon51.htm(30/7/2006
26
.
)( .
2.2
.
2.
:
-1 .
-2
.
( 1 : . : .1998 .39
( 2 . .
)http://www.najah.edu/arabic/conferences/IT/8.htm(26/1/2006
( 3 : .
27
-3
.
-4
.
-5
.
3.2 :Virtual Learning Environment
.
) (Dabbagh, 2000) (2000 :
-1 ) :(Online Learning
.
-2 ) :(Blended Learning
. .
-3 ) :(Enhanced Learning
.
( 1 .
/ -
. 10-8 . 2005
)http://www.amanjordan.org/aman_studies/wmview.php?ArtID=984(14/3/2006
28
1.3.2
.
. :
.1 Virtual Teacher
Video-Conference
.
.
.
.
)http://arabcampus.org/VLE/page_6.htm(6/1/2006
( 1
: .
. :
)http://www.makphys.com/vb3/showthread.php?t=454(23/5/2006
Holography
( 2 .
)http://www.khayma.com/education-technology/m11.htm(6/1/2006
29
.2 Virtual Classroom
.
Virtual Teacher
Virtual Learner White Board Educational
Content Educational Aids
.
1 .
:
) (1 : .
) (2 :
.
) (3 :
.
) (4 :
.
)Classes.htmhttp://www.ituedu.ca/arabic/VUCvirtual.(23/6/2005
( 1 .
( 2 .
)http://www.ituarabic.org/E-Education/Doc9-Palestine.doc(9/1/2006
30
.
Presentations .
Video & Audio Text
Chat Application Sharing File
.Transfer Power Point Slides
Video Clips .Sycn. Web Page
Ban User Clear Talk Print Option
.Lecture Recording
.
.
.
() ,(Online
) Synchronous
.Asynchronous
.3 Virtual Laboratory
( 1
.
( 2
( 3 .
)http://www.mans.edu.eg/centers/udc/arabic/We7da1/Virtual1.htm (23/6/2005
)Classes.htmhttp://www.ituedu.ca/arabic/VUCvirtual.(23/6/2005
31
.
:
:Simulation-based laboratories
.
:Realistic laboratories Remote real-laboratories access
Virtual tele-presence
systems
.
.
.4 Virtual Library
.
" :
.
32
" 1.
.
:
.
.
(CD
3.
.
2.3.2
)(
:
:Delivery of materials
.
( 1 .
http://informatics.gov.sa/magazine/modules.php?name=Sections&op=viewarticle&artid=50
)(9/1/2006
( 2 .
)http://www.al-jazirah.com.sa/digimag/10042005/gadeia29.htm (9/1/2006
( 3 . .
)http://arabcampus.org/VLE/page_11.htm (9/1/2006
( 4 .
33
.
:Assessing Progress
)(
- .
4.2 )(
)( .
.
1.4.2 )(
)(
)( .
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.
35
)(
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.
( 1 : .
)http://www.kku.edu.sa/ELearning/ELearning/Default.asp(13/3/2006
( 2 .
)http://www.albayan.co.ae/albayan2002/05/18/mhl/30.htm(26/6/2005
36
2.4.2
:
.
:
:
. .
.
.
: Virtual Learning Environment
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.
Virtual Universities
.
:
.
.
(1
)http://www.damascus-online.com/48/opinion/svu/virtual_uni2.htm (24/6/2005
37
)(
.
. ) (
) (Edjar Dale Cone of Experience
.
:Exams
.
.
:Assessment
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1
38
1
2.
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.
3.4.2
Open Learning
.
. :
.
3.
4.
.
.
.
( 1 . ). (3-3
)http://www.ao-university.org/ga12hs3a.htm(31/5/2005
( 2 . .
( 3 . ..1 : .1986. 27-26
( 4 , : .22
39
5.2
1.
.
) ( .
2.
3.
.
6.2 )(
.
.
.
( 1 : . 59
( 2 . . ..1: .1999. 44 -41
( 3 : . . :
.1968 . .156
)http://www.elearning.iugaza.ed/(29/12/2005
( 4 .
)http://www.pr.sv.net/svw/2004/july/there1.htm.(25/6/2005
( 5
40
2.6.2 Asynchronous
.
))http://www.pr.sv.nwt/svw/2004/augest/stage1.htm(25/6/2005
))http://www.e-education.ca/etvu/VirtualClassroom.htm (20/6/2005
41
.
)( .
.
2
.
7.2 )(
.
3.
.
. )(
.
1
))http://www.pr.sv.nwt/svw/2004/augest/stage1.htm(20/6/2005
http://www.ao-university.org/ga12hs3a.htm(20/6/2005).
( 2
( 3 : . 1 : .
.2003 .384-383 : : . :
.1977 . 151-150
( 4 : . : 1996. 46
. : . : .1987 .
7
42
.
.
Growth Industry 1. )(
. :
.
.
.
.
1.7.2 )(
3. )(
( 1 )( : . : .1986 ..11
( 2 , .: . 385
( 3 : . .106
43
.
)(
:
)(
1
.
2.
3.
.
.
(1 : 24 . .2004
http://www.svuonline.org/sy/archive/news/arabic/07-2004/24-07-2004-albayan.asp
)(31/12/2005
( 2 : . .
. .1 : .1974 . 144
( 3 . .
. : .2001
)http:// www.itu.org.eg/9thmeeting/doc5sodatelpaper.doc(18/1/2006
44
.
)(
.
)(
.
2.7.2 )(
.
.
.
:
:
.
( 1
)http://www.alriyadh.com/Contents/21-02-2004/Mainpage/Thkafa_10412.php(26/1/2006
( 2 .
( 3 : . 386 -385
45
.
. )(
.
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47
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( 1 : . .205 ":
."2000-1980 21 1980: .8-7
( 2 : .184 .
48
1.
.
.
.
.
.
)(
.
.
.
)(
( 1 : . : .1977 . 141
( 2 : . .
http: www.moe.gov.jo/dera/dera16.pps(29/1/2006).
2004/3/25-23 .
(3 : . .
. .1 : .1974 . .175
49
)(
)(
.
: "
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.
3
.
. %50
5.
( 1 : .
( 2 : . :
.1985 . .97
). (98-94
( 3 : . : .1999. 84
( 4 : . .32
( 5 : .
)http://www.arabcin.net/arabic/5nadweh/pivot_2/education_gate2.htm(19/1/2006
50
1
.
)(
.
:
.
.
.
.
( 1
)http://www.alriyadh.com/contects/21-02-2004/Mainpage/Thkafa_10412.php(26/1/2006
( 2 : . - :
.
)http://www.metransparent.com/texts/Badran_arab_democraty.htm(15/1/2006
51
.
:
.
.
1.
2.
.
.
.
4
.
9.2
( 1 . 334
( 2 : . . : ..17
( 3 : . 298-297
( 4 : .
)http://www.ituarabic.org/E-Education/Doc13-Alo-Ahram.doc(2/6/2005
( 5 : ..177
52
.
:
. :
.
Technology
Convergence
3.
.
.
.
""
.
( 1 : . .1 : .
.2004 294
http://www.ibn-rushd.org/forum/GlobalA.htm.
( 2 .
( 3 . . . :
.2002..334.
( 4 : . : .1999. 243
( "
" . : . .
http://www.ibn-rushd.org/forum/GlobalA.htm
53
1.
2.
:
. . .
.
4. .
.
.
( ( 1 : . . : .
.147
( 2 : .
)http://www.ituarabic.org/E-Education/Doc13-Alo-Ahram.doc(2/6/2005
( 3 : .. . 26
)http://www.26sep.net/nprint.php?=7090(23/1/2006
29 : .2005
( 4 : . .127
54
.
1.
)(
2. ) (Philip H. (1968
) Coombs, 1968 "
"
.
)(
.
.
.
( 1 : . .218
( 2 : 335-334 .
( 3 : . 202
( 4 . . . 335-334 .
55
Modernization of learning process
1 .
.
10.2
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.
:
.1
.
.
( 1 : . .
)http: www.moe.gov.jo/dera/dera16.pps(29/1/2006
2004/3/25-23 .
( 2 : .
http://www.almughtarib.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1637&Itemid=64
)(15/3/2006
56
.2 :
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.3 :
.
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.4 2:
.
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.5 :
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.6 :
.
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57
.7 :
.
.8 :
.
.9 :
.
.10
2.
.
11.2
:
)( " "
.
( 1 .
)http://www.uks.ae/archive/news/arabic/05-2002/18-05-2002-bayan.asp(26/6/2005
( 2 . 24 . .2002
)http://www.damascus-online.com/48/opinion/svu/nadwa.htm(21/12/2005
( 3 : .
http://www.almughtarib.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1637&Itemid=64
)(15/3/2006
58
"" ""
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-
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( 1 , . . . .299 : : .
: . : .1967 . 165-164
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59
12.2
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.
12 .
( 1 . .
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60
135
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. .
-2 :
.
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.
:
-1
.
( 1
61
-2
.
-3
.
62
1.3
1.1.3
2.1.3
2.3
1.2.3
2.2.3
3.2.3
4.2.3
3.3
1.3.3
4.3
1.4.3
63
)(
.
Communication Channels .
Informative
.
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:
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1.3 :Computer
( 1 : . .4 : .1999 . -371
372
64
1
.
.
.
2.
.
.
.
.
)Chauhan, S.S: Innovations in Teaching Learning Process. New Delhi: Vikass publishing
house Pvt. Ltd.1979. P. 96
( 2 : . 76-75.
) http://www.khayma.com/education-technology/tch3.htm(12/1/2006
( 3 .
65
.
.
1.
1994
.Buddy System 80
Modem
.2003
.
.
.
:
) Morrison, Gary R. & Lowther, Deborah L.: Integrating Computer Technology into the
Classroom.3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Merrill/Prentice Hall. 2005.PP.3-4
( 2 : .
)http://www.arabrenewal.com/index.php?rd=AI&AI0=3092(29/1/2006
66
:
.
1.
.
:
. ) (Individualized Instruction
.
:
.
:) (1 .
) (2
.
( 1 : . 77
( 2 " " . . 1425 /37.
)http://www.titmag.net.ye/modulesphp?name=News&file=print&sid=256(13/11/2005
3
) Woerner, Janet J. Rivers, Robert H. Vockell, Edward L: The computer in the Science
Curriculum. Watsonville: Mitchell McGraw-Hill. P.102
( 4 : . .1 : 2004 .33
5
) Woerner, Janet J. Rivers, Robert H. Vockell, Edward L: OP.Cit. P.102
67
1.1.3
:
:Individual Learning 2.
3.
4.
.
:Computer-assisted Learning
5.
.
1984
) (Clark,R.E 1984
. 42
) (Kulik (1985
) .7&Bangert 1985
( 1 . . : .2005 . 11
) Chauhan, S.S. OP.Cit P. 97
( 3 : ..1 : .2004 . 223-222 .
( 4 . : : .
)http://www.riyadhedu.gov.sa/alan/fntok/fntok0.htm(12/1/2006
( 5 .
( 6 : . :
. .1997 .196 .
( 7 : . 112-111
68
1.
) ( )
( .
:Source of information
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2.1.3
:
: .
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. .
( 1 . . .194
( 2 . . .
( 3 .
( 4 . : .
: . .2003 .1 56
69
: .
: .
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2.3 Virtual Reality
.
Virtual Image .The
1reflection appears very realistic
.
70
.
: Cyper Glove
) Head-mounted display(HMD (Binocular Omni-
) Orientation Monitor(BOOM 3D pointer
.
Immersive
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( )
A.T Still University
Academy of
Educational Science
and Technology
American Sentinel
University
American
Intercontinental
University
Andrew Jackson
University
Anthem College
Ashford University
Aspen University
Bellevue University
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www.academyjo.com
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www.aiuonline.edu
www.aju.edu
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( )
www.ashford.edu
www.aspen.edu
www.bellevue.edu
Benedictine University
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Boston University
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www.bryantstratton.edu
California Coast
University
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Capella University
www.capella.edu
Cardean University
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CEI Online
ceionline.edu
City University
www.cityu.edu
Clayton College of
Natural Health
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183
Cleveland Institute of
Electronics
Coleman College
Colorado Technical
University Online
Concord Law School
Concordia University
Irvine
Cornell Electronic
University
Crown College
Deaconess College of
Nursing
Devry University
Duquesne University
e-Learning Technology
Compus
e-Learning and
Training Center
Eastern Kentucky
University
University eCornell
ECPI College of
Technology
Educates University
Everest College
Fern Studien Schweiz
www.cie-wc.edu
http://www.coleman.edu
www.coloradotech.edu
www.concord.kaplan.edu
www. cui.edu
www.eCornell.com
www.crown.edu
www.deaconess.edu
www.devry.edu
www.duq.edu
www.e-education.ca/etvu/
www.elearning.gotevot.edn.sa
www.eku.edu
www.ilr.cornell.edu
www.ecpi.edu
www.educatis.com
www.everest-college.com
www.fernuni.ch
184
Fielding Graduate
University
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FILIERES
UNIVERSITAIRES
www.cred.vsnet .ch
Florida Atlantic
University
Florida Hospital
College of Health
Sciences
Florida Institute of
Technology
www.fau.edu
www.fhchs.edu
www.fit.edu
Florida National
College
www.fnc.edu
Florida Metropolitan
University(FMU)
www.fmu.edu
Gonzaga University
www.gonzaga.edu
Grand Canyon
University
Grantham University
Herzing College
www.gcu.net
www.herzing.edu
www. iia-online.com
International Virtual
University(U.K)
www.abahe.co.uk
IWU Online
www.grantham.edu
Indiana Business
College
Indiana State
University
International Institute
of the Americas
www.ibcschools.edu
www.indstate.edu
www.itt-tech.edu
www.iwuonline.com
185
Jacksonville University
Jones College
Jones International
University
Kaplan University
Keiser College
Keller Graduate School
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www.jones.edu
www.jonesinternational.edu
www.kaplan.edu
www.keisercollege.edu
www.devry.edu/keller/
Kennedy-western
University
www.kw.edu
LeTourneau University
www.letu.edu/
Lootah International
University
Loyola University New
Orleans
Maryland- University
College
Minnesota School of
Business
Mountain State
University
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www.loyno.edu
www.umuc.edu
www.msbcollege.edu
www.mountainstate.edu
National American
University
www.national.edu
Norwich University
www.norwich.edu
Pacific Western
University
www. Pwu-ca.edu
Park University
www.park.edu
Phoenix University
Portland State
University
www.phoenix.edu
http://www.pdx.edu
186
Rasmussen College
www.rasmussen.edu
Regis University
www.regisonline.org
Robert Kennedy
College
Saint Leo University
www.saintleo.edu
Southern New
Hampshire University
www.snhu.edu
www.college.ch
Stonecliffe College
Online
www. Stonecliffecollege.com
Strayer University
www.strayer.edu
Syrian Virtual
University
The Art Institute online
www.svuonline.org
www.aionline.edu
www.college-net.com
school Thunderbird
www.thunderbird.edu
Tiffin University
www.tiffin.edu
Tulane University
www.tulane.edu
Umass Online
University Alliance
University of
Advancing Technology
www.umassonline.net
www.universityalliance.com
www.uat.edu
University of
Cincinnati
University of Denver
University College
www.universitycollege.du.edu
University of Houston
Clear Lake
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www.uc.edu
187
University of Liverpool
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University of Mary
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University of Maryland
Baltimore County
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University of North
Alabama
University of Notre
Dame
University of
Oklahoma
University of Scranton
Upper Iowa University
Utica College
www.una.edu
www.nd.edu
www.ou.edu
www.scranton.edu
www.uiu.edu
www.utica.edu
Vanderbilt University
www.vanderbilt.edu
Villanova University
www.villanova.edu
Virginia College
www.vc.edu
Virtual University
College
www.ituedu.ca/arabic
Walden University
www.waldenu.edu
West Virginia
University
Western Governors
University
Western International
University
Westwood College
Online
www.wvu.edu
www.wgu.edu
www.wintu.edu
www.westwoodonline.edu
188
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.
http://193.49.43.3/dif/3D_crystals.html
http://amber.rc.arizona.edu
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http://www.3dweb.com/
http://www.aereal.com/instant/
http://www.austin.ibm.com/vrml/
http://www.aw.agi.com/
http://www.cgrg.ohio-state.edu/
http://www.cosmosoftware.com/
http://www.emptiness.org/vr/vr-resources.html
http://www.cypertown.com/
http://www.hash.com/
http://www.immersive.com/
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http://www.macromedia.com/
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http://www.photomodeler.com/
http://www.realimation.com/
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http://www.sgi.com
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http://www.division.com
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http://www.elumens.com
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http://www.fakespase.com
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http://www.lakedsp.com
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http://www.ptc.com
http://www.polhemas.com
http://www.pyramidsystem.com
http://www.realitywave.com
http://www.sense8.com
http://www.sgi.com
http://www.spacetec.com
http://www.steriographics.com
http://www.transom.com
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190
)(6
Active Engagement
Application Sharing
Assessment
Asynchronous Learning
Audio
Augmented Reality
Backbone
Bandwidth
Binocular Omni-Orientation
Monitor
Blended learning
Buddy System
Client
Cluster search
Community of Learners
Communication
Communication Channels
Computer-Aided design
Computer-aided teaching
Concept search
Co-operative Learning
Cone of Experience
191
Continuation Learning
Credit Hours
Cyper Glove
Data Base
Digital gab
Digital library
Distance Learning
E-book
Educational aids
Educational content
Educational technology
E Library
E Mail
Enhanced learning
E -Search engine
File Transfer
Hardware
Head-mounted display
Immersive
Individual Learning
Information Space Era
Information Superhighway
Information Technology
Informative
Interactive discussing
192
Interactive Learning
Internet
Knowledge Economy
Knowledge gab
Knowledge Society
Knowledge-based Economy
Learning Portal
Learning Resources
Magic Book
Modem
Monitor
Multimedia
News Group
Online discussing
( )
Online Learning
Open Learning
Presentation
Personal Learning
Quality Of Service
Realistic laboratories
Simulation
Simulation-based laboratories
Software
Source of information
193
Stereo-devices
Sustainable Development
Synchronous Learning
Technical Support
Convergence Technology
Three Dimensions(3D)
Video
Video Conference
Virtual Classroom
Virtual Group
Virtual Image
Virtual Laboratory
Virtual Learner
Virtual Learning
Virtual Reality
( )
Virtual Society
Virtual Teacher
Virtual University
Webct /Webcat
White board(e-board)
( )
194
)(7
http://www.e-education.ca/etvu/Certificates.htm :
195
)(8
Digital
Payment
System
Firewall
...
Database
server
mirror
server
Virtual Classroom
Backbone
www.kaau.edu.sa/dvworkshop/ppt/DVWorkshop-Mon2.1.12.ppt :
196
Prepared by
Farouk Hasan Mohammad Sharaf
Supervised by
Professor Abdul Sattar Kassem
2006
Horizons of Palestinian Virtual Learning and its role in political
development
(Toward Palestinian Virtual University)
Prepared by
Farouk Hasan Mohammad Sharaf
Supervised by
Professor Abdul Sattar Kassem
Abstract
This study is a prospective vision about the Palestinian Virtual Learning
(PVL), and its role in political development, whereas learning is a main
basic of development. The study also provides ahead look toward
Palestinian Virtual University (PVU). Virtual learning has become a
widespread type of learning nowadays, as a result of the revolutions of
technology, information and communication.
The term "virtual" is an imaginary in the sense, that the thing is unreal. It is
however, concept that not many people know about. This leads to a
problematic in understanding its reality; a real or unreal learning. For that,
this study explained clearly its concept.
Virtual learning is the delivery of educational lessons using any of the
technologies included in the expanded virtual realty, by employing
information and communication technologies to deliver instruction. Virtual
learning is a term frequently used interchangeably with distance learning,
online learning, e-learning, or web-based learning
b
Virtual learning has its own environment (VLE), which is differs about the
traditional learning environment (TLE). Pro forma simulates it with
learning elements, which are physical in TLE, but virtual in VLE.
Economically, virtual learning is a type of knowledge economy, uses some
industrial sector fundamentals. It is multi shape, multi benefits investment
field. The economical feasibility of it proceeds from his ability to
overcome the failure of traditional learning, and its affirmative returns on
investment. Virtual learning associated with the sustainable development
as an affective factor in underdeveloped countries.
There is direct relation between virtual learning and the active
globalization movement. For this, underdeveloped countries faces political
and educational challenges, this must guide it to modernize its learning
process, and employ virtual learning system in learning process within total
visible to guard itself by globalization opportunities over against its risks.
There is an exigent Palestinian need beyond apply virtual learning. Twin
main reasons pushed toward this. First: Palestinian privy. Second: benefits
of virtual learning for the Palestinian society.
Palestinian Virtual learning visible has occurred in the electronic learning
initiative, and the serious steps in this field as: The National Palestinian
Strategy
for
Information
Technology
and
communication,
and