Introduction to Customizing Reports in SAP

ABAP/4 Fall 1998

Lecture 1

CSU Chico
SAP AG

Introduction to SAP Reports: Topic Objectives

Review what reports are and why they are important Identify Ways to Get Reports from SAP

Define Underlying SAP Framework used to develop custom reports within an organization
Get Started with Report Painter

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

Introduction to SAP Reports: Importance of Reports

What are reports?

Outputs from an Information System (automated or manual)

Standard Documents from an Information System

Responses to ad hoc query

Why are they important?

Often the reason an organization gets a particular system External requirements for Industry, I.e. tax or regulations Internal need for operational management, planning, strategic decision making, etc.

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

Introduction to SAP Reports: Forms that Reports Can Take

Text and Narrative Graphic

Tabular: Columns and Rows (Spreadsheet Format)

Statistical (Usually Combined with Tabular) Zoned Output: Conforms to a Standard Form Drill Down (level of detail varies -- available electronically)

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

Introduction to SAP Reports: Characteristics of Good Report Design

Make Simple to Read and Understand Always have a Date and Title

Always Include Column Headings for Tabular Data

Include Legends Anytime Abbreviations are Used Include Legends Anytime Data Field Names are Used Use Section Headings when Large Amounts of Data Are Presented in Difference Segments or Groups, I.e. Sales By Month Grouped by Product within Region

Remember Style of Report is User Dependent

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

Introduction to SAP Reports: Ways to Get Reports from SAP

Standard Delivered Reports by Module

Report Tree is Configured to Include Desired Reports

Over 1500 Reports to Choose From

Use Report Navigator to Find Report Names

Report Painter

Report Writer
Drill Down Reports in CO-PA and EIS ABAP/4 Custom Reports

ABAP/4 Query to get list of values from a table

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

Introduction to SAP Reports: Relationship: ABAP/4 & Reporting Tools

Tables in Database

ABAP/4 Program

Report Writer`

Report Painter

CSU Chico
SAP AG

Introduction to SAP Reports: Finding SAP Delivered Reports

Information System >> Report Tree to see incomplete generic list of reports

System >> Services >> Reporting

Enter Program Name RXYZ1Zn

R for ABAP/4 Programs that Produce Reports X for Module (F=FI; M=MM; V=SD; K=CO; A=AM, etc.) Y for Sub-module (D=Customer; K=Vendor, S=GL, et.c) Z1 Zn for Unique Identifier

Logistics >> Sales Information System (SIS); Logistics Information System(LIS); FI/CO (CCSS), etc

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer & Painter

Report Writer

Tool in R/2

Based on COBOL Report Writer Concepts (??)

Not User Friendly: difficult to visualize report you create

Report Painter

New with R/3 versions User Doesnt Need to Understand Underlying Structures Has Graphic User Interface (WYSIWYG) Used as a Front End to Report Writer (RP Code gets translated into RW structures)

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer

View of Sub-Schema Oracle Data Base

Sub-Schema
Reporting Table Reporting Table Reporting Table

Library 1 Library 2 Library N

Logical Schema

Report Group 1 Report Group 2 Report Group N Set A Set B

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

Set Z

Report

R1: Reports Intro

10

Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer

Reporting Table

Not a Physical or Logical Table in the Database

More like a user view of Data, I.e. SIS or LIS for Sales, CCSS = Cost Data, or FILC = Legal Consolidation view
Also called Information Structure or sometimes (more rarely) Information View

Library

Common Set of columns from the Reporting Table used for similar set of reports

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

11

Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer

Physical DBMS (Oracle) Stores Data in Tables in Tablespaces in UNIX Data Files

Reporting Tables or Information Structures are SubSchemas or Logical Views of the Data based on Multiple User Views, I.e. Sales Data or Cost Data
Libraries are Sub-views or views of the Sub-schemas Report Group is a group of reports that are compiled and executed together at the same time Report is usually what a single user(s) wants

Sets are used by Report Writer to get specific values

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

12

Technical Concept
Reporting Table Characteristics & key figures

Library 1
Characteristics (sel. A) Key figures (sel. A)

Library 2

Characteristics (sel. B) Key figures (sel. B)

Report Group 1 Data records (sel. a)

Report Group 2 Data records (sel. b)

Report 1

Report 2

Report 1

Report 3

CSU Chico
SAP AG

Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer

REMEMBER: Reports are compiled & Run by Report Group Library 1 Reporting Table or Information Structure Contain (SAP Defined): Characteristics Key Figures

Library 2

Library N

Report Group 1 (Data Records)

Report Group 2 (Data Records)

Libraries Contain: Characteristics Key Figures Pre-defined Columns

Report N

Report 1

Report 2

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

14

Example: Reporting Table CCSS

Reporting table CCSS Cost centers Costs Orders Quantities 1VK: Cost centers Cost centers Costs Cost elements Quantities

6O1: Orders
Orders Costs Cost elements Quantities

1SIP: Act./Plan/Var.

1SO1: Cost ctr/Orders

1SIP-001

1SO1-002

1SO1-003

CSU Chico
SAP AG

Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer

Report

Set of columns and rows with specific data (row) selection criteria

Similar to Select statement in SQL from a view where .

Reports are compiled or generated at the report group level Anytime you make a change in one report in the group the whole group needs to be re-generated

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

16

Steps to Create a Simple Report

Figure out on paper what you want the report to look like

Create the report

Define the Rows (characteristics of the data in columns) Define the Columns (Key figures = type of data you want in the cells) Define the Data Selection (characteristics that further define which rows in the database get returned)

Assign to a Report Group -- Execute

CSU Chico
SAP AG

Basic Report Structure

Columns
Lead column ------------------------------- . . . . . . . . ------------------- . . . . . . . ----------....... ....... ------------ ------------....... ....... ........ ........

Rows

General . data selection ....... . ..... ........ (valid for the entire report) ------------------- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
------------------- . . . . . . . .

------------------- . . . . . . . .
General Data Selection

.......

.......

........

is valid for the whole report

CSU Chico
SAP AG

Row and Column Models

Characteristic Key figure Predefined column

F o r m u l a

COLUMN MODEL
Characteristic

Characteristic

Characteristic

Formula

CSU Chico

SAP AG

Row model

Row Definition

Characteristics
Cost center
Cost elem.
400000 400100 400200 400300 -------------------------------------------------

Cost element from 400000 to ---------or group ---------Activity type .....

Formula

CSU Chico
SAP AG

Defining a Single Column

Key figure w/ characteristics Costs Value type Fiscal year Version .... ----------------Predefined column Formula

Act. 400000 400100 400200 400300 ..... -----------------

Plan -----------------

CSU Chico
SAP AG

Formula Columns

Key figure w/ characteris.

Cost elem. Act. Plan 400000 400100 400200 400300 ..... ----------------------------Var. -----------------

Predefined column
Formula

Formula:
X001 - X002

X001

Actual costs Planned costs

CSU Chico
SAP AG

X002

Using Predefined Columns

Key figure w/ characteristics Predefined column

Crnt act. Actual costs Actual costs current period Plan quantity .....

400000 400100 400200 400300 .....

-----------------

-----------------

-----------------

Formula

CSU Chico
SAP AG

Sorting Characteristics
CCtr/CElem. Act. 450000 452000 456000 * CCtr 1 450000 452000 456000 * CCtr 2 ** Total ------------------Plan ------------------Var. ------------------CElem/CCtr CCtr 1 CCtr 2 * 450000 CCtr 1 CCtr 2 * 452000 CCtr 1 CCtr 2 * 456000 **Total Act. --------------------Plan --------------------Var. ---------------------

1
2

Cost center
Cost element

1 Cost element
2 Cost center

CSU Chico
SAP AG

Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer

Report Group

Can Equal a Report (Report Group can contain only one Report)

Group may be Variations of the same data

Report 1 = Sales of Current Month compared to Last Month in summary Report 2 = Current Month Compared to Last Month by Region or Customer Group

Report Group is Compiled and Executed (run) at the same time

Icon appears on the top of Report 1 to show there are more reports in this run

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

25

Introduction to SAP Reports: Framework for Report Writer

Characteristics: Attribute in Table

Company Code, Customer Account, Region, Cost Center, etc.

Key Figure: Types of Data - typically numeric

costs, sales dollars, sales quantity, cost quantity

Predefined Column: Combination of Characteristic and Key Figure

SAP Delivered -- named fields in reporting table Examples: Actual Cost Dollars, Planned Cost Dollars, Actual Sales Quantity, Planned Sales Quantity

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

26

Introduction to SAP Reports: Summary

What are Reports? Why are they Important? Name 3 ways we Can Find What Reports Come with SAP. Describe the Underlying Framework for using the SAP Report Writer and Painter

Table in the Database Reporting Table Library Report Group Report

What is a predefined column in Report Painter?

CSU Chico 11/22/2012

SAP AG

R1: Reports Intro

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