v hu ich thpt nam trc

1:GII BI TP V NH(IN TCH)

Cu 1. Cho 3 qu cu kim loi ging nhau tch in ln lt l + 3 C, - 7 C v 4 C. Khi cho chng c tip
xc vi nhau th in tch ca h l? Nu tch chng ra tm in tch sau ?
HD:-in tch ca h qh=q1+q2+q3=3-7-4= -8c ;
-in tch sau ca cc vt : q1=q2=q3= qh/3=-8/3(c)

Cu 2. Mt qu cu mang in tch 6.10-17C. S electron tha trong qu cu l?

HD: n=-6.10-17/-1,6.10-19=375(ht)
Cu 3. Hai qu cu nh bng kim loi, ging nhau, tch in q1 = 5.10-6C, q2 = 7.10-6C. Cho chng tip xc nhau,
sau cho chng tch ra xa nhau. in tch ca qu cu q1 s l?
HD : q1=(q1+q2):2=6.10-6c
Cu 4: C 3 qu cu ging ht nhau ln lt tch in l + 10 C, + 15C v - 5C. cho 3 qu
cu tip xc vi nhau. Hi in tch ca mi qu cu sau khi tip xc bng bao nhiu?
HD: q1,=q2,=q3,=(10+15-5):3=20/3(c)
Cu 5 Hai in tch im q1 = 4.10-8C v q2 = - 4.10-8C nm c nh ti hai im AB cch nhau 20 cm trong chn
khng.Tnh lc tng tc gia 2 in tch?
HD:F=(K|q1.q2| )/ r2=36.10-5N
Cu 6 Hai in tch im bng nhau t trong chn khng cch nhau 2cm lc y gia chng l F1=1,6.10-4N .
lc tng tc gia chng bng F2=2,5.10-4N th khong cch gia chng l bao nhiu ?
k q1 q 2
k q1 q 2
F1/F2=r22/r12 r2=1,6cm
HD: -ban u:F1=
.lc sau : F2=
2
r1
r22
Cu 7 Hai in tch im bng nhau t trong nc =81 cch nhau 3 cm lc y gia chng bng 0,4.10-6N
tm hai in tch ?
kqq
HD: ADCT: F= 1 2 2 q1 q 2 =324.10-20 ,m q1=q2 q1=q2=18.10-10C,
r
Cu 8 Cho hai in tch im q1=2nC v q2=0,018 C t c nh v cch nhau 10cm. t thm in tch th
ba q0 nm cn bng ,tm v tr ca q0?
HD: kcb : F + F =0 q0 nm gia on 10cm (v q1,q2 cng du),t F1=F2 q0 cch q1 mt on l x=2,5cm
1
2
Cu9 Hai qu cu nh c in tch 10-7C va 4.10-7C, tng tc vi nhau mt lc 0,1N trong chn khng.
Khong cch gia chng l bao nhiu?
kqq
HD: ADCT: F= 1 2 2 r=6cm
r
Cu10 C hai in tch q1=+2.10-6C, q2=-2.10-6C, t ti hai dim A, B trong chn khng v cch nhau 6cm. mt
in tch q3=+2.10-6C, t trn ng trung trc ca AB, cch AB mt khong 4cm. tm ln lc in do q 1 va
q2 tc dng ln q3 ?
HD:nguyn l chng cht in trng : F = F 1+ F 2 ,ta c F1=F2=14,4N ,F=2F1.cos ,cos =4/5 F=23,04N
CU11 Hai in tch c cng ln 2.10-7 c t trong in mi =4 chng ht nhau mt lc 0,1N .Tm khong
cch hai in tch ?

V HU CH

v hu ch thpt nam trc

HD: ADCT: F=

k q1 q 2

r =

k q1 q 2

=3cm

r
F
Cu 12 Hai in tch im ging nhau ,t trong chn khng cch nhau mt khong 3cm chng y nhau mt lc
0,4N Tm gi tr cc in tch?
kqq
Fr 2
HD: : F= 1 2 2 ,v q1=q2 =q nn q 2 =
=4.10-14 vy q1=q2=2.10-7C,hoc q1=q2=-2.10-7C
k
r
Cu 13 Hai din tch im cch nhau 3m trong chn khng chng ht nhau mt lc 6.10-29 N .in tch tng cng
bng 10-19 C .Xc nh mi in tch?
Kq q
1 2
HD: : F=
2
r

q q =6.10-38 q1q2=-6.10-38 (1) (hai in tich ht nhau),m q1+q2=10-19(2),t (1),(2) c X2-10-19X-6.101 2

(q1=3.10-19C,q2=-2.10-19C);(q1=-2.10-19C,q2=3.10-19C)
Cu 14 Hai in tch c ln tng in tch l 3.10-5 C .Khi chng t cch nhau 1m trong khng kh chng y
nhau mt lc 1,8N Xc nh in tch?

38

=0

Kq q
1 2
HD: : F=
2
r

q q =2.10-10 q1q2=2.10-10 (1)(v hai in tch y nhau),m q + q =3.10-5 q1+q2=3.10-5(2) hoc

1 2
1
2

q1+q2=-3.10-5(3) ,t (1),(2) ta c (q1=2.10-5C,q2=10-5C);(q1=10-5C,q2=2.10-5C);;t(1),(3) ta c(q1=-2.10-5C,q2=-10-5C);(q1=-10-5C,q2=-2.105

C)

? Cu 15 Hai in tch t cch nhau 6cm trong khng kh th lc tng tc gia chng l 2.10-5 N .Khi chng
t cch nhau 3cm trong du =2 th lc tng tc gia chng l bao nhiu
Kq q
1 2
HD: : F=
.lc u K q q =F1.1.r12(1), lc sau K q q =F2.2.r22 (2) t (1),(2) ta c F2=F1.r12/2.r22 =4.10-5N
2
1 2
1 2
r

Cu 16 Hai in tch im t cch nhau mt khong 30cm trong khng kh th lc tng tc gia chng l
f0.Nu chng t trong du th lc tng tc gim i 2,25 ln . lc tng tc vn l f0 khi t trong du th phi
dch chuyn hai din tch on bao nhiu?
HD:-gi thit c =2,25; : F=
c r2=r1/

Kq q
1 2
2
r

trong khng kh K q q =F0.1.r12(1), trong du K q q =F0.2,25.r22(2), t (1),(2) ta

1 2
1 2

2,25 =20cm,vy r=r1-r2=10cm

Cu 17 Hai in tch ht nhau bng mt lc 2.10-6 N .Khi chng ri xa nhau thm 2cm th lc ht l 5.10-7 N
.Tm khong cch ban u hai in tch?
HD: F=(K|q1q2|)/ r2 ban u K|q1q2| / =F1/r12 (1) ,lc sau K|q1q2| / =F2,r22=F2(r1+2)2 (2) t (1),(2) ta c r1=2cm
Cu 18 Hai qu cu nh mang in tch m bng nhau mi qu cu tha 10e .Khi chng t trong khng kh cch
nhau mt khong r th y nhau mt lc 2,56.10-7 N .Tm r ?

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v hu ich thpt nam trc

Kq q
1 2
r=
HD: gi thit q1=q2=10e=-1,6.10 C , ADCT: F=
2
r
-18

Kq q
1 2 =3.10-10m

.F

Cu 19 Mt qu cu nh khi lng m=1,6g mang in tch q1=2.10-7 C c treo bng si t mnh , pha di
cch n 30cm theo phng thng ng c t mt in tch q2=4.10-7 C .Tnh lc cng ca si t ? ly
g=10m/s2Bit h thng t trong khng kh
Kq q
1 2
HD:.KCB (a) sau chiu (a) ln ox hng ln :T=P1-F (1), P1=mg=1,6.10 N , F=
=0,8.10-2N (2) ,t (1),(2) ta c
2
r
-2

T=0,8.10-2N

Cu 20 Mt qu cu nh m=10g c treo vo mt si ch cch in .Qu cu ny co q1 =0,1 c .a qu cu

nh q2 li gn,th qu cu th nht lch khi v tr ban u ,dy treo hp vi phng thng ng mt gc
=300.Khi hai qu cu nm trn cng mt phng ngang v cch nhau 3cm .Tm q2 ? v lc cng si dy? Ly
g=10m/s2

Kq q
1 2
|q2|=(F. .r2)/K|q1|
HD:. KCB ta c hnh v ,hnh v c tg =F/P,m P=mg=0,1N , =30 F=0,1/ 3 (N ) , , F=
2
r
0

3 (C) ,hnh v c T2=F2+P2 T=0,2/ 3 (N)

Cu 21 Hai in tch im q1 =4.10-8 C ,q2 =-4.10-8 C ,t ti hai im A,B cch nhau a=4cm trong khng kh
.Tnh lc tc dng ln q=2.10-9 C t ti C do hai in tch trn gy ra nu:
a)CA=CB=2cm
b) CA=2cm ;CB=6cm.
c)CA=3cm; CB= 7 cm
d) CA=CB=4cm .

=10-7/

HD: a) C l trung im ca AB ,F=F1+F2=18.10-4+18.10-4=36.10-4(N)

b)A nm trn on BC ,F=|F1- F2|=|18.10-4-2.10-4 |=16.10-4 (N)
c) tam gic ABC vung ti C , F2 =F12 + F22 = (8.10-4)2 +(10,3.10-4)2 , nn F=13.10-4 N
d)ABC l tam gic u ,F2=F21+F22+2F1F2cos1200 nn F=F1=F2=4,5.10-4 N

Cu 22 Cho ba in tch im q1 =-10-8 C; q2 =2.10-8 C ;q3 =4.10-8 C ,ln lt t ti A,B,C trong khng kh
.AB=5cm; AC=4cm; BC=1cm .Tnh lc tc dng ln mi in tch ?
HD: C nm gia AB a) F2=|F12-F32|=|18.10-3/25-72.10-3|=71,28.10-3N
b) F3=F13+F23=9.10-3/4 +72.10-3=74,25.10-3 N
c) F1=F31+F21=2,97.10-3N

Cu 23 Cho hai in tch q1 =4.10-8 C ;q2 =-8.10-8 C t ti A,B trong nc c =81 .Xc nh lc tng hp tc
dng ln q3 =2.10-8 C t ti C .Bit ABC l tan gic vung ti C va AC=3cm ;AB=5cm.
HD: tam gic ABC vung ti C nn F23 F13, F32=F132+F232 nn F3=12.10-3/81 N
Cu 24 Cho ba in tch q1 =4.10-8 C ;q2 = - 4.10-8 C ; q3 =5.10-8 C , t trong khng kh ln lt ti A,B,C l ba
nh ca tam gic u cnh a=2cm .Tm lc tng hp tc dng ln mi in tch ?
HD: a) tc dng ln q1 : F 1= F 31+ F
b)v c) lm tng t .

21

; F21=36.10-3N,F31=45.10-3N,(F31F21)=1200,nn F12=F212+F312+2F21F31cos1200, F1=41,2.10-3N

Cu 25 H gm bn in tch im q1 =q2 =q3 =q4 =4 c. t ti bn nh hnh vung cch 4cm .C h thng t

trong khng kh .Tm lc tng hp tc dng ln mi in tch?
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v hu ch thpt nam trc

HD: a) tc dng ln q4: F 4 =( F 14+ F 34)+ F

24

=F

+F

24

,;F24 =45N; v

F 14 F 34 nn ( F4)2=F142 +F342 thay s F4=90 2 N ,

F 24 vy F4 =F4 +F24 =171(N) .

v F14 =F34 nn F 4
b)c)d) lm tng t F1=F2=F3=F4=171N
Cu 26 Hai in tch im q1 ;q2 t ti hai im c nh A,B trong khng kh cch nhau a=18cm .Hi phi t q3
u n nm cn bng ? Nu:
a) q1 =10-7 C ;q2 = - 4.10-7 C .
b) q1 =10-7 C ; q2 =4.10-7 C .
HD: kcb ca q3 : F 1+ F 2 =0
a) q3 nm ngoi on AB v gn A hn ( v q1.q2 < 0, v |q1| < |q2| ) cch A mt on x = 18cm
b) q3 nm trong on AB (q1.q2 > 0 ) cch A mt on l x =a/3 =6cm
Cu 27 Hai in tch im q1 ; q2 t hai im A,B c nh cch nhau mt khong a trong khng kh .Mt in
tch q3 t ti C trn on AB v cch A mt on a/3 .Tm iu kin q1 ;q2 q3 nm cn bng .?
HD: kcb ca q3 l : F 13+ F 23=O , ta c q1 .q2 > 0 ( F 13 F 23 v C trong on AB) ,vy F13= F23 ta c q2 =4q1.
Cu 28 Hai in tch im q1 =2.10-8 C ,q2 =1,8.10-7 C t ti A,B trong khng kh bit AB=12cm .Tm q3 ba
in tch ny nm cn bng ?
HD: kcb ca ba in tch , ch cn q1 ,q3cn bng :
*q3 nm cn bng : F

13

+F

23

=0 ,q3 nm trong on AB ,cch A on x (q1.q2 >0),t F13 =F23 ta c x=3cm

F 31 nn q3 < 0 ,t F21 =F31 ta c | q3 | =1,125.10 8 C ,vy q3 = - 1,125.10 8 C .

Cu 29 Hai qu cu ging nhau mang cc in tch q1 =5.10-6 C v q2 =-3.10-6 C ,em hai qu cu ny tip xc
nhau ri a chng cch nhau 5cm trong khng kh .Tnh lc tng tac lc ?

*q1 nm cn bng : F

21

+F

31

=0 , F

21

HD: - in tch hai qu cu sau khi tip xc nhau: q1 =q2 =(q1 +q2)/2 =10- 6C
- ADCT : F = (K| q1.q2| )/ r2 = 3,6 N

Cu30 C bn qu cu kim loi cng kch thc mang cc in tch 2,3 c ;-264.10-7 c ;-5,9 c ;3,6.10-5 c .Cho
bn qu cu ny ng thi tip xc nhau,sau tch chng ra .Tm in tch mi qu cu sau ?
HD: q1 = q2 = q3 = q4 = (q1 +q2 +q3 +q4 )/4 =1,5.10-6C

Cu 31 Ba qu cu kim loi ging nhau ,cu A mang in tch 27 c ,qu cu B mang in tch -3 c, qu cu C
khng mang in .Cho A chm B ri tch ra ,sau cho B chm C ri tch ra .Tm in tch mi qu cu lc ny?
HD: - sau khi A,B tip xc :qA =qB=(qA +qB)/2=12 c
- sau , sau khi B,C : qB=qC =(qB +qC)/2 =6 c
Cu 32 Hai qu cu nh ging nhau mang in tch q1 ;q2 t trong chn khng cch nhau 20cm th chng ht
nhau lc F1 =5.10-7 N .Ni hai qu cu bng dy dn ,sau ct dy th hai qu cu y nhau mt lc F2 =4.10-7
N . Xc nh in tch ban u ca hai qu cu ?
HD:-ban u : F1=(k|q1q2|)/ r2 ,ta c |q1q2| =F r2/k= 20.10-18/9 nn q1q2 =-20.10-18/9(hai in tch ht nhau:q1q2 < 0) (1)
-lc sau : F2 =(k|q1 q2|)/ r2 ,ta c |q1 q2| =16.10-18/9 nn q1 q2 =16.10-18/9 (hai in tch y nhau: q1 q2 >0) (2)
- m ta li c : q1 = q2=(q1+q2)/2 (3). t (2),(3) q1+q2=8.10-9/3 C (4) hoc q1+q2 =-8.10-9/3 C (5)
- t (1),(4) ta tm c 2 cp no , t (1) ,(5) ta tm c 2 cp no na .

Cu 33 Cho hai qu cu ging nhau mang in tch c ln nh nhau q1 =q2 ,khi a chng li gn nhau
th chng y nhau.Cho chng tip xc sau tch chng ra mt khong nh th hin tng g xy ra?
HD: -ban u q1q2 >0 ,m |q1| =|q2| nn q1=q2 ,
- in tch hai qu cu sau khi tip xc l: q1 =q2 =(q1+q2)/2 =q1=q2 ,vy q1q2 >0 (hai in tch y nhau)

Cu34 Hai qu cu ging nhau mang in tch q1 ,q2 m q1 =q2 khi a chng li gn th chng ht
nhau.Cho chng tip xc sau tch chng ra th chng tng tc vi nhau nh th no?
HD: -ban u q1q2 <0, m |q1| =|q2| nn q1 =-q2 ,

- in tch hai qu cu sau khi tip xc nhau: q1 =q2 =(q1+q2)/2 =0 ,vy khng c hin tng g xy ra.
Cu 35 Hai qu cu kim loi A,B tch in ln lt l q1 ,q2 , in tch +q1 ,in tch q2 m q1 >q2 .Cho hai
qu cu tip xc nhau sau tch chng ra .a B li gn C mang in tch m ,th hin tng g xy ra?
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v hu ich thpt nam trc

HD:- theo gt thy (q1+q2) > 0 ,in tch ca B sau khi tip xc l : qB=(q1+q2)/2 > 0 ( sau tip xc B mang in tch dng),.a B li
gn C (m) th chng ht nhau.

Cu36 Hai qu cu kim loi A,B tch in ln lt l q1 ,q2 , in tch +q1 ,in tch q2 m q1 <q2 .Cho hai
qu cu tip xc nhau sau tch chng ra .a B li gn C mang in tch dng ,th hin tng g xy ra?
HD: -theo gt thy (q1+q2) < 0 ,in tch ca B sau khi tip xc nhau l :qB=(q1+q2)/2 <0 (B mang in m).a B li gn C chng ht
nhau.

Cu 37 Mt ht bi mang in tch -12,8.10-13 C .Tm s lectron d ca ht bi?

HD: n=q/e= 8.106 (ht)

Cu38 Nu ly i 106 lectron ra khi qu bng th qu bng s mang mt in tch bao nhiu? Nu ban u qu
bng .a) Trung ha v in
b)Mang in tch 1,6.10-13 C
HD:a)-nh lut bo ton in tch:qs +106qe =0(qs l in tch sau ca qu cu) ,vyqs=-106qe =-106(-1,6.10-19)=1,6.10-13C
b)-nh lut bo ton in tch :qs +106qe =q0(q0 l in tch ban u qu cu),vy qs=q0-106qe= 3,2.10-13C

Cu39 Nu truyn cho mt qu cu trung ha in 105 electron th qu cu s mang mt in tch l bao

nhiu?
HD: theo nh lut bo ton in tch :qs=q0+105qe (qs in tch sau ;q0 =0 in tch u),vy qs=105qe=-1.6.10-14 C

Cu40 Hai in tch im bng nhau t trong chn khng cch nhau mt khong r1 =2cm .lc y gia chng l
F1=1,6.10-4 N
a)Tm ln cc in tch
b)Khong cch r2 gia chng l bao nhiu lc tc dng l F2 =2,56.10-4 N ?
HD: a) ADCT : F1=(k|q1q2|)/r12(1)|q1q2|=F1.r12/k =32.10-18/9 ,m q1=q2 nn q1=q2= 32 .10-9/3 C
b)ADCT: F2=(k|q1q2|)/r22 (2),t (1),(2) ta c r22=(F1/F2).r12 r2 =

0,625 .2 cm

Cu41 Hai in tch im bng nhau t trong chn khng cch nhau 12cm .lc tng tac gia hai in tch
bng 10N .t hai in tch vo trong du v cch nhau 8cm th lc tng tc gia chng vn l 10N .Hi
ln cc in tch v hng s in mi ca du?
HD:-ban u : F0=(k|q1q2|)/0 r0

(1) |q1q2| =144.10-12/9, m q1=q2 nn |q1 |=|q2 |=4.10-6C ,

- lc sau : F=(k|q1q2|)/r =F0 (2) ,t (1),(2) ta c =r02/r2=2,25.
2

Cu42 Ngi ta treo hai qu cu rt nh cng khi lng m=0,01g bng nhng si dy c di l=50cm v
nh.Khi hai qu cu nhim in bng nhau v ln v cng du ,chng y nhau v cch nhau R=6cm .
Tnh in tch ca mi qu cu?
HD: KCB ca mi qu cu : F + P + T =0 ta c hnh v ,t hnh c tan =F/P (1) ,m nh nn tan =sin =R/2l (2) ,t (1) ,
(2) ta c F=PR/2l =mgR/2l =6.10-6N ,mt khc F=(k|q2 |)/ R2 vy q=15,5.10-10 C

Cu43 Hai in tch q=2. ct ti A,B cch nhau mt khong AB=6cm .Mt in tch q1 =q t trn ng
trung trc ca AB cch AB mt khong x=4cm .Xc nh lc tc dng ln q1 ?
HD: ta c : F 1= F A+ F B ,thy FA=FB=( k|q1q|)/AC2=14,4N, nn F1=2FAcos ,m cos =CH/AC=4/5 F1=23,04N
Cu 44: Hai din tch im bng nhau, t trong chn khng, cch nhau mt khong
4
r1= 2cm. Lc y gia chng l F1 = 1, 6.10 N.

a. Tm ln ca cc in tch
b. Khong cch r2 gia chng l bao nhiu lc tc dng l F2 = 2,5.10-4 N.
HD:a) ta c q1=q2 =q ,ADCT : F1 =(k|q2 |)/ r1 2 (1),t |q1| =|q2| =8.10-9/3 C
b) F2 =(k|q2 |)/ r2 2 (2) ,t (1),(2) ta c r22=F1.r12 /F2 ,vy r2=1,6cm

Cu 45. Ba in tch im q1 = 27.10-8 C; q2 = 64.10-8 C, q3 = -10-7 C t ti ba nh

ca tam gic ABC vung ti C. Cho AC = 30 cm; BC = 40 cm.Xc nh lc tc dng ln q3.
H thng t trong khng kh.
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v hu ch thpt nam trc

HD: lc tc dng ln q3 : F 3= F
F32=F132 +F232 thay s F3 =

13

+ F 23, F13 =(k|q1q3 |)/0 AC

=27.10-4 N, F23 =(k|q2 q 3|)/0 BC

=64.10-4 N,

F 13 F 23 nn

4825 10-4 N

Cu 46. Cho ba in tch cng ln q t ba nh ca mt tam gic u cnh a

trong khng kh. Xc nh lc tc dng ln in tch q0 = +q ti tm O ca tam gic
trong cc trng hp
a. Cc in tch q cng dng
b. Mt in tch tri du vi hai
in tch kia
HD: a) F 0= F A+ F B + F C = F A+ F
b) qA l m ,

BC

, thy FA = FB =FC , ( F B , F C)=1200 , FBC=FB=FC,thy

F A F BC,vy F0 =0

0
F 0= F A+ F B + F C = F A+ F BC , thy FA = FB =FC , ( F B , F C)=120 , FBC=FB=FC thy F A F BC, vy

F0=FA+FBC =2FA=6kq2/a2

Cu 47:. Trong nguyn t hiro, electron chuyn ng trn u quanh ht nhn theo
qu o c bn knh r = 5.10-9 cm.
a. Xc nh lc ht tnh in tch gia ht nhn v electron.
b. Xc nh vn
tc gc ca electron
HD: a)ADCT : F=(k|q e qp |)/r2 , m qe=-1,6.10-19 C ,qp=1,6.10-19 C ,F =0,9216.10-7 N

c) F= me.v2 /r =m. 2.r t ta c =0,02.1035 (rad/s)

Cu 48:Cho hai qu cu nh trung ha in ,cch nhau 40cm .Ga s c 4.1012electron di chuyn t qu cu ny
sang qu cu kia ,hi khi hai qu cu ht hay y nhau? tnh ln ca lc , bit qe=-1,6.10-19 C .

HD: - sau hai qu cu ht nhau (mt qu cu nhim in + ,mt qu cu nhim in -)

- in tch qu nhn e: q1=4.1012 (-1,6.10-19)=-6,4.10-7 C , in tch qu cu mt e: q2=6,4.10-7 C ,lc tng tc ca hai cu : F=(k|
q1q2|)/r2 =23.10-3 N

Cu 49: Hai ht mang in tch bng nhau chuyn ng khng ma st dc theo trc xx trong khng kh .khi hai
ht ny cch nhau r=2,6cm th gia tc ca ht 1 l a1=4,41.103 m/s2 ,ca ht 2 l a2=8,4.103m/s2.khi lng ca ht
1 l m1=1,6g .hy tm
a) in tch mi ht
b) khi lng ca ht 2
HD: a)- nh lut 2 newton cho ht 2 : F21=m1a1F21=7,056 N ,vy F=F21=7,056N ,m F=(k|q1q2|)/r2 |q1q2| =53.10-14 (1) m
q1=q2(2), t (1),(2) ta c q1=q2=7,28.10-3C
b) theo nh lut 3 newton : F12=F=7,056 N , nh lut 2 newton cho m2 :F12=m2a2 nn m2=F12/a2=0,84g

Cu 50: Hai qu cu nh hon ton ging nhau mang in tch q1,q2 t trong chn khng cch nhau R= 20cm th
ht nhau mt lc F1=5.10-7N .t vo gia hai qu cu mt tm thy tinh dy d=5cm ,c hng s in mi =4
.Tnh lc F2 tng tc ca hai qu cu khi ny ?
HD: lc tng tc trong in mi,nu hai in tch cch nhau khong d :F=k|q1q2|/d2, nu lc tng tc ny tng ng lc trong
chn khng cch nhau khong r :F=k|q1q2|/r2 ,th r=

hai in tch trong u bi tng ng khi chng t cch nhau khong ; R d +

d ,do lc tng tc s l : F2= k|q1q2|/(R-d +

d)2 (1) . mt khc ta c F1= k|q1q2|/R2 (2) t (1), (2) ta c F2/F1=R2/(R-d+ d)2 F2=3,2.10-7N
Cu 51: Hai qu cu nh bng kim loi ging nhau treo trn hai dy di vo cng mt im ,c tch in bng
nhau v cch nhau mt on a=5cm .Chm nh tay vo mt qu cu .Tnh khong cch ca chng sau ?
HD: dy di nn , bam u: tan =sin = a/2l,m tan =F/P=kq2/a2mg a/2l=kq2/a2mg(1)
sau khi chm tay ,sau hai qu cu y nhau mang in tch l q=q/2,ta li c : tan =sin = a /2l ,m tan =F/P=kq2/4(a)2mg
a /2l= kq2/4(a)2mg(2), t (1) ,(2) ta c a=a/ 3 4 =3,15cm

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v hu ich thpt nam trc

2/GII BI TP V NH(IN TRNG):

Bi 1: Ti 3 nh hnh vung cnh a = 20 cm, ta t 3 in tch q 1 = q2 = q3 = q= 3.10 -6 C. Tnh cng in
trng tng hp ti tm hnh vung ?
HD: E 0= E 1 + E 2 + E 3 ,thy E1=E2=E3=k|q|/r2=2k|q| /a2=13,5.105 V/m ,tao c E 1 E 3,vy E 0= E 2 ,nn E0=E2=13,5.105 V/m
Bi 2: Mt qu cu nh khi lng m = 1g, mang in tch q = 10-5 C, treo bng si dy mnh v t trong in
trng u E c phng nm ngang. Khi qu cu nm cn bng th dy treo hp vi phng thng ng mt gc
= 60o . Xc nh cng in trng E, bit g = 10m/s2.
HD: kcb ca qu cu : T + P + F =0 T + T =0 ta c hnh v ,t hnh v ta c tan =F/p F=P tan =mg tan = 3 10-2
N ,m F=|q|E E=F/|q| =1730 V/m

Bi 3: Mt in tch im q = 2.10- 6 C t c nh trong chn khng.

a) Xc nh cng in trng ti im cch n 30 cm ?
b) Tnh ln lc in tc dng ln in tch 1 C t ti im ?
c) Trong in trng gy bi q, ti mt im nu t in tch q 1 = 10-4 C th chu tc dng lc l 0,1 N. Hi nu
t in tch q2 = 4.10-5 C th lc in tc dng l bao nhiu ?
HD: a) E= k|q|/r2 = 2.105 V/m b) F=|q|E=0,2N c)

Bi 4: Mt in tch Q=15.10

F1 =|q1 |E, F2 =|q2 |E ,thay s F2= 0,2N

4
C t trong khng kh .Tm qu tch ca im M ti c E=15.10 V/m ?

HD: ) E= k|Q|/r2 ,suy ra r=1cm , qu tch l nhng im trn mt cu r=1cm ,tm l in tch

Bi 5: Hai in tch im q1 =-9 c ;q2 =4 c t ti A,B vi AB=20cm trong khng kh.

a) Tm E ti C nu CA=CB=10cm ?
b) Tm im M ti c E =0 ?

HD:a)

E = E 1+ E 2 , E1=k|q1 |/CA =81.10 V/m, E2=k|q2 |/CB =36.10 V/m, E 1 E 2 ,E=E1+E2=117.10 V/m
b) . E 1+ E 2=0,M nm ngoi on AB (v q1q2 <0) ,nm gn B (v |q1|>|q2|) cch B on x ,cch A on AB +x ,vy x=2AB =40cm
Bi 6: Mt vt rt nh q=-3.10-6 C c t ti im m in trng c phng thng ng chiu t trn
xung ,c cng E= 6.104 V/m .
a)Xc nh lc F tc dng ln q ?
b)B qua tc dng ca trng lc ,xac nh gia tc ca vt ,qung ng vt i sau 1(s) .Bit m= 9.10-18 Kg ?
HD: a)ADCT: F=|q|E=0,18N ,,b)theo nh lut 2 newton a=F/m=2.1016m/s2, s=v0t +at2/2=106 m

Bi 7 : Qu cu nh mang in tch q=10-5 C t trong khng kh .xc nh cng in trng ti M cch tm

O ca qu cu mt on 10cm ?
HD: E= k|q|/r2=9.106 V/m

Bi 8: Mt qu cu m=1g ,c in tch q=10-6 C s ri vi gia tc l bao nhiu ,nu bit cng in trng ca
tri t E=130 V/m v hng thng ng xung mt t? Ly g=9,8 m/s2
HD: t nh lut 2newton :a=(F +P)/m =|q|E/m +g =9,93 m/s2

Bi 9: Qu cu nh m=0,25g mang in tch q=2,5.10-9 C c treo bng si dy v t trong in trng u E

c phng nm ngang v E= 106 V/m .tnh gc lch ca dy treo so vi phng thng ng .Ly g=10m/s2.
HD: KCB : T + P + F =0 T + T =0 ta c hnh v ,t hnh v ta c tan =F/p=|q|E/mg =1 ,vy =450

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v hu ch thpt nam trc

Bi 10: Mt in tch q=10-7 C t trong in trng ca mt in tch im Q ,chu tc dng mt lc F = 3.10-3

N Tinh cng in trng ti im t in tch q v tm ln ca in tch Q .Bit hai in tch cch nhau
mt khong r =30cm trong chn khng ?
HD: F=|q|E E=3.104 V/m ,m E= k|Q|/r2 nn |Q| =E.r2/k =30( c)
Bi 11: Mt qu cu nh mang in tch q = 10-9 C t trong du c hng s in mi bng 2 .Tnh cng in
trng ti im cch qu cu 3cm ?
HD: : E= k|q|/ r2 =5000V/m
Bai 12: Mt in tch t ti im c cng in trng thng ng hng ln v E= 1000V/m .Lc tc dng
ln in tch thng ng hng xung v bng 2N .Tm gi tr ca in tch ?
HD: F E nn q < 0 , m : F=|q|E nn :|q| =F/E=2.10-3 C , vy q=-2mc
Bi 13: Mt ht bi tch in c khi lng m= 10g nm cn bng trong in trng u thng ng hng
xung c cng E= 1000V/m xc nh s electron ca ht bi ?
HD: KCB : P + F =0 ta c F E nn q < 0 , P= F mg= |q|E vy |q| =10-4 C ,nn q=-10-4 C , suy ra s e l : n =q/qe=86.1013
( ht)

Bi 14: Mt qu cu khi lng m ,c in tch q =0,1 c c treo bng si dy mnh trong in trng u
c vector cng in trng nm ngang ,v E =1,2.106 V/m .Khi qu cu nm cn bng dy treo hp phng
thng ng mt gc 600 ,ly g =10 m/s2 .Xc nh khi lng ca qu cu?
HD: KCB : T + P + F =0 T + T =0 ta c hnh v ,t hnh v ta c tan =F/p=|q|E/mg m=|q|E /g.tan =6,93 (g)
Bi 15: in tch im q =-3 c c t ti im m ti in trng c phng thng ng ,chiu t trn
xung v cng E = 12000V/m .Hi phng chiu ln lc tc dng ln q ?
HD: q <0 nn F E , F thng ng chiu t di ln , F=|q|E=0,036 N
Bi 16: Mt in tch im q =2,5 c c t ti im M .in trng ti M c hai thnh phn Ex =6000V/m ,
Ey = -6 3 .103 V/m .Hi :
a)Gc hp vector lc tc dng ln in tch q v trc oy ?
y
b) ln ca lc tc dng ln in tch q ?
HD: a) ta c hnh v : tan =Ex /|Ey| =1/ 3 =300 ,gc 1500
0
x
Ex
b) hnh v ta c : E2 =Ex2 +Ey2 ,E=12.103 V/m , F=|q|E=0,03N
F
E
Ey
Bi 17: Cng in trng ca mt in tch im ti A bng 36V/m ,ti B bng 9V/m .Hi cng in
trng ti trung im ca AB ? cho bit hai im AB nm trn cng mt ng sc .
HD: rA2 =k|q|/EA ,rB2 =k|q|/EB ,
A (rA) C(rC)
B (rB)
q
2
2
2
EC=k|q| /rC =k|q| /[(rA+rB)/2] =4EA.EB/( E A+ E B) = 16V/m

Bi 18: Cng in trng do in tch Q t trong khng kh gy ra ti im M cch n 10cm c ln

10.000V/m v c chiu hng v Q .Xc nh Q ?
HD: E hng v Q nn Q < 0 , E= k|Q|/r2 |Q| =Er2/k =1,1 c ,vy Q= -1,1 c
Bi 19: Tnh cng in trng ca mt in tch im q= 4.10-8 C gy ra ti im cch n 5cm trong mi
trng c =2 ?
HD: E= k|q|/ r2=72000V/m
Bi 20: Mt in tch q=40 c t ti nh A ca tam gic u ABC cnh 10cm .Bit =1 .
a)V ,tnh E ti trung im I ca BC ?
b)Ti I c t q0 = - 40 c .Tm F tc dng ln q0 ?
HD: a) E= k|q|/AI2 ,m AI=AB.sin600 =5 3 cm , E=48.106 V/m .b) F=|q0|E = 1920N
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Bi 21: Mt in tch im Q t trong khng kh gi E A , E B l cng in trng do Q gy ra ti A,B ,gi
khong cch t A n Q l rA =10cm . E A E B v EA =EB th khong cch AB l bao nhiu?
HD: E A E B nn QA QB ,AB2 = rA2 + rB2 ,rA=10cm , m EA =EB rA = rB =10 cm ,vy AB= 10 2 cm
Bi 22: Mt in tch im Q t trong khng kh gi E A , E B l cng in trng do Q gy ra ti A,B ,gi
khong cch t A n Q l rA =10cm . E A = - E B , th khong cch AB l bao nhiu?
HD: E A = - E B E A E B nn Q nm trong on thng AB , EA =EB rA =rB =10cm ,vy AB = rA + rB =20cm
Bi 23: Ti hai im A,B cch nhau 5cm trong khng kh c hai in tch q1 =16.10-8 C v q2 = -9.10-8 C .Tnh
cng in trng tng hp v v vector in trng ti im C nm cch A mt khong 4cm ,cch B mt
khong 3cm ?
HD: tam gic ABC vung ti C : E = E 1+ E 2 , E 1 E 2 nn E2 =E12 +E22 , E1=k|q1|/r12=9.105 V/m , E2=k|q2|/r22 =9.105 V/m , vy
E=9 2 .105 V/m ,( E , E 2)=450
Bi 24: Hai in tch q1 =q2 =8.10-6 C c t ti hai nh c nh B,C ca tam gic u ABC cnh 8cm ,cc
in tch u t trong khng kh .
a)Xc nh EA ti A ca tam gic trn ?
b)Lm li cu a) nu q1 =8.10-6 C , q2 = -8.10-6 C
HD: E A = E 1+ E 2 ,E1= k|q1|/r12 =1125.104V/m ,E2= k|q2|/r22 =1125.104 V/m

a) q1 v q2 dng nn c hnh v ,ta c ( E 1 E 2)=600 ,nn EA=2E1.cos300 =1125 3 .104 V/m

b) q1 dng, q2m nn ta c hnh v ,ta c ( E 1 E 2)=1200 ,nn EA=2E1 cos600 =1125.104 V/m
Bi 25 Ti ba nh ca tam gic u cnh a= 10cm c ba in tch ging nhau q1 =q2 =q3 =10nc .Xc nh cng
in trng ti trung im M ca BC .Bit cc in tch t trong khng kh .
HD: E M = E A+ E B + E C ta c E C E B v EB=EC ,nn E M = E A EM=EA= k|q1|/AM2 ,v AM=AB.sin600 =5 3 cm ,vy EM
=12000V/m

Bi 26: Ti ba nh ca hnh vung cnh a= 10cm c ba in tch ging nhau q1 =q2 =q3 =10nc .Bit cc in tch
t trong khng kh .Xc nh in trng tng hp ti nh cn li ca hnh vung?
HD: E D = E B + E A+ E C = E B + E AC , EA =EC= k|q1|/a2 =9000V/m , E A E C nn E2AC =EA2+E2C EAC=9000 2 V/m , E AC
BD (1) , E B BD v EB=k|q2|/BD2 ,BD=a 2 cm ,EB=4500V/m (2) ,t (1) ,(2) ta c ED=EB +EAC=9000 2 +4500 V/m
Bi 27: Bn in tch im q1 =q2 =q3 =q4 =10nc t ti bn nh hnh vung cnh a=10cm ,cc in tch t
trong khng kh .Xc nh cng in trng ti tm hnh vung?
HD: E O = ( E 1+ E 3 )+( E 4 + E 2 ) = E 13 + E 24 , ta c E 1 E 3 ,E1=E3 v E 2 E 4 ,E2=E4 ,EO=0
Bi 28: Ba im A,B,C trong khng kh to thnh tam gic vung ti A bit AB =3cm ,AC= 4cm .Cc in tch q1
,q2 ln lt t ti A,B vi q1 = -3,6.10-9 C .Vector cng in trng tng hp ti C l E C // AB .Tm q2 ,v
EC?
HD: E C = E 1 + E 2 ,q1 < 0 ,nn E 1 chiu t C v A , c E C // AB th E 2 hng ra xa B ( q2 >0 ),ta c hh v ,t hnh ta coEC

=E1.tan =E 1AB/AC=( k|q1|/AC2.)AB/AC=1,5.104 V/m,E2=E1/cos =E1/(AC/BC)=2,5.104V/m ,m E2= k|q2|/BC2 nn |q2 | =6,94.10-9

C ,vy q2= 6,94.10-9C

Bi 29: Ti ba nh ca tam gic u cnh a= 10cm c ba in tch ging nhau q1 =q2 =q3 =q =10nc .Xc nh
cng in trng tng hp ti tm O ca tam gic ? .Bit cc in tch t trong khng kh
HD: E O = E 1 + E 2+ E 3 = E 1 + E 23 ,E1=E2=E3= k|q|/AG2 =27000V/m, (v AG=2asin600/3=10/ 3 cm) , v ( E 2, E 3)=1200

E 1 E 23 ,vy E0=0
Bi 30: Bn in tch im q1 =q2 =10nc v q3 =q4 = -10nc t ti bn nh hnh vung cnh a=10cm ,cc in
tch t trong khng kh , sao cho q1 ,q2 hai nh lin nhau .Xc nh cng in trng ti tm hnh vung?

nn E23=E2=E3 =27000 V/m ,ta co hnh v ,ta thy

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HD: E O = E 1 + E 4+ E 2+ E 3 = E 14 + E 23 ,E1=E2=E3=E4= k|q1|/AO2 =18000V/m , E 1 E 4 ,nn E14=E1+E4=36000V/m , E 2

2
2
2
E 3 nn E23=E2+E3=36000V/m ,v E 14 , E 23 nm trn hai ng cho ca hnh vung ,nn E 14 E 23 E0 =E14 +E23 E0=36
2 103V/m
Bi 31: Hai in tch im q1 =36.10-6 C v q2 =4 c t ti A,B trong khng kh bit AB =10cm .Tm im C ti
cng in trng tng hp bng 0 ?
HD: E C = E 1+ E 2=0 C nm trn on AB gi s cch A on x (v q1q2>0) ,t E1=E2 ta c x=6AB/8=7,5cm

Bi 32: Hai in tch im q1 =10-8 C v q2 = - 4.10-8 c t ti A,B trong khng kh bit AB =10cm .Tm im C
ti cng in trng tng hp bng 0 ?
HD: E C = E 1+ E 2=0 C phi nm trn AB v ngoi on AB ( v q1q2<0) , v |q1| <|q2| nn C nm gn A ,nu cch A on x th
cch B on AB+ x ,t E1=E2 ta c x=AB=10cm

Bi 33: Ti im A trn on thng AB =9cm t in tch q1 = -3.10-6 C .Hi phi t ti B mt in tch q2 bao
nhiu cng in trng tng hp ti im C nm trn on AB cch A 3cm s bng 0 ?
HD: E C = E 1+ E 2=0 q2< 0 ( v q1< 0 v C nm gia AB ),t E1=E2 |q2 | =12.10-6 C , vy q2 =-12.10-6C
Bi 34: Ti hai nh i din A,C ca hnh vung ABCD cnh a t hai in tch im q1 =q2 =3.10-6 C .Hi
phi t ti D mt in tich q3 bao nhiu in trng tng hp ti B bng khng?
HD: E B =( E 1 + E 2 )+ E 3 = E 12 + E 3 ,E1=E2= k|q1|/a2 , E 1 E 2 nn E122=E12+E22 E12= k|q1| 2 /a2, E 12 DB , E B =0
th E 12 E 3 q3 < 0,t E3 =E12 q3= - q12 2 =-8,4.10-6 C
Bi 35: Mt proton t trong in trng u E = 2.106 V/m .b qua trng lc tc dng ln proton .
a)Tnh gia tc chuyn ng ca proton ?
b)Tnh vn tc ca proton sau khi i ht qung ng s=0,5m dc theo ng sc in .Bit mp =1,67.10-27 kg .
HD: a) ta c a=|qp|E/mp =1,92.1014m/s2

v =1,92.1014 m/s
Bi 36: Hai in tch q1 = 2 c v q2 = -8 c ln lt t ti A,B vi AB= a=10cm .tm v tr ca im M ti
c E 2= 4 E 1.
HD: theo gt th E 1 E 2 nn M nm trn AB , trong on AB cch A on x ,t E2=4E1 ta c x=AB/2 =5cm
Bi 37: Electron ang chuyn ng vi vn tc v0 = 4.106 m/s th i vo mt in trng u c E = 910 V/m, vn
tc cng hng in trng. Tnh gia tc v qung ng chm dn ca electron?
b) v2=v02 +2as

HD: gt vn tc cng hng in trng nn a F ,ta chn chiu dng l chiu chuyn ng ca electron: a=-F/m e= -|qe|E/me =

s=5cm ( v v=0)
Bi 38: Hai in tch im q1 = q2 = q= 108 C t ti hai im A, B trong khng kh vi AB =2a = 8 cm. Mt
im M trn trung trc ca AB, cch AB mt on h. Tm h cng in trng ti M cc i? v tm gi tr
cc i ?
HD: E M = E 1+ E 2 ,E1=E2= k|q|/MA2 ,m MA2=h2 +a2 nn E1=E2= k|q|/(h2 +a2)2 ,nu ( E 1 , E 2)=2 th EM=2E1cos , t hnh v
2kqh
3 , a2 +h2=a2/2+a2/2+h2 3 . 3 a 4 h 2 / 4 (a2+h2)3 27a4h2/4 (a2+h2)3/2 3a2h
cos =h/ a 2 + h 2 , nn EM=
2
2 2
a +h
2
3 /2 EM 4kq/3a 3 , vy EM CC I khi h2=a2/2 EM max =4kq/3 3 a2

- 160.1012 m/s2.ADCT v2-v02=2as

Bi 39: Mt in tch im q = 3.10-8 C t trong in trng ca mt in tch im

Q chu tc dng lc F = 3.10-4 N.
a)Tnh cng in trng E ti im t in tch q?
b). Tnh ln ca in tch Q bit rng hai in tch t cch nhau r = 30 cm trong
chn khng?
HD: , F=|q|E E=104V/m, m E= k|Q|/r2 |Q| =10-7C
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Bi 40: Cho 2 in tch im nm 2 im A v B v c cng ln, cng du. Cng in trng ti mt
im trn ng trung trc ca AB th phng ca in trng l g?
HD: nm trn ng trung trc ca AB

Bi 41: Nu khong cch t in tch ngun ti im ang xt tng 2 ln th cng in trng tng, gim th
no?
HD: gim 4 ln

Bi 42: Mt im cch mt in tch mt khong c nh trong khng kh c cng in trng 4000 V/m
theo chiu t tri sang phi. Khi mt cht in mi c hng s in mi bng 2 bao chm in tch im v
im ang xt th cng in trng ti im c ln v hng l?
HD: c chiu t tri sang phi , ln gim 2 ln

Bi 43: Hai in tch th q1 v q2 ( q1 = 4 q2) theo th t t vo hai im A v B trong in trng. Lc tc dng

ln in tch q1 l F1, lc tc dng ln in tch q2 l F2 (vi F1 = 3F2). Cng in trng ti A v B l E1 v E2
. So snh E1 v E2?
HD: , F1 =|q1|E1, , F2 =|q2|E2 E1/E2=3/4
Bi 44: Cng thc xc nh cng in trng gy ra bi in tch Q < 0, ti mt im trong chn khng, cch
in tch Q mt khong r l?
HD: E= k|Q|/r2

Bi 45: Mt in tch -1 C t trong chn khng sinh ra in trng ti mt im cch n 1m c ln v

hng l?
HD: E= k|Q|/r2=9000V/m ,in trng hng v in tch

Bi 46:C hai in tch im c khi lng ln lt l m v M c in tch ln lt l q v +Q c t trn

cng mt ng sc ca mt in trng u cch nhau on a .Hy xc nh chiu ca ng sc v ln ca
vector cng in trng khi hai in tch im c c gia tc v chuyn ng th khong cch gia
chng l khng thay i .
HD: lc tng tc ca hai in tch lun bng nhauF d ,chiu ng sc phi hng t -q n Q., nu Q >q th F>f ,do khong cch
khng i F > Fd >f , ta c hai in tch chuyn ng cng gia tc nn :a=

F F
M

F f
m

t suy ra

E=kqQ(M+m)/a2(Qm+qM)

Bi 47: Ti ba nh ca tam gic u ,cnh a=10cm c ba in tch bng nhau v bng 10nc .Xc nh cng
in trng ti trung im cc cnh ca tam gic.
HD: E M = E A+ E B + E C ta c E C E B v EB=EC ,nn E M = E A EM=EA= k|q1|/AM2 ,v AM=AB.sin600 =5 3 cm ,vy EM
=12000V/m,lm tng t vi cc im khc

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3/ GII.BI TP (CNG LC IN TRNG)

Bi 1: Mt in tch q di chuyn trong in trng u E theo qu o l ng cong kn c chiu di qu o l
s .xc nh cng ca lc in trng?
HD: ADCT: A=qEd , gt ta c d= 0 ,nn A=0

Bi 2: Mt in tch q= - 1,6.10-19 C dch chuyn theo phng ca ng sc c qung ng 1,5m trong in

trng u E=1500V/m .Tm cng ca lc in trng nu:
a)in tch dch chuyn theo phng chiu ca ng sc
b)in tch dch chuyn theo phng ngc chiu ca ng sc
HD: a) A=qEd=-1,6.10-19.1500.1,5= -36.10-18J ,b)A=qEd=-1,6.10- 19.1500.(-1,5) =36.10-18J

Bi 3: Tnh cng ca lc in trng dch chuyn mt in tch 10 c qung ng 1m theo phng vung gc
vi ng sc trong in trng u.

HD: ADCT: A=qEd , gt ta c d= 0 ,nn A=0

Bi 4: Mt in tch q= 4.10-9 C dch chuyn trong in trng u c cng E=600V/m trn qung ng s=
5m to vi hng ng sc in mt gc =600 .Tnh cng ca lc in trng sinh ra trong qu trnh dch
chuyn?
HD: A=qEd ,d=s.cos =2,5m, vy A=6.10-6J
Bi 5: Mt in tch im dch chuyn gia hai im c nh trong in trng u c cng 150V/m th cng
ca lc in trng l 60mJ .Nu cng in trng l 200V/m th cng ca lc in trng dch chuyn gia
hai im l bao nhiu?
HD: A1=qE1d , A2=qE2d A2=A1E2/E1=80mJ
Bi 6: Cho hai in tch q1 =10-8 C dch chuyn gia hai im c nh trong mt in trng u th cng ca lc
in trng l 60mJ .Nu in tch q2 = 4.10-9 C dch chuyn gia hai im th cng ca lc in trng thc
hin l bao nhiu?
HD: A1=q1Ed , A2=q2Ed A2=q2A1/q1=24mJ
Bi 7: Cng ca lc in trng lm dch chuyn mt in tch 10mc song song vi cc ng sc trong mt in
trng u vi qung ng 10cm l 1J .Tm cng in trng ?
HD: v A >0 v q> 0 ,nn d=s=10cm,E=A/qd=1000V/m
Bi 8: Mt in tch dch chuyn trong in trng u theo hng ng sc th n nhn mt cng l 10J .Khi n
dich chuyn to vi hng ng sc mt gc 600 trn cng mt di ca qung ng th n nhn mt cng l
bao nhiu?
HD: A1=qEd1 =qEs (1) ( s l qung ng dch chuyn); A2=qEd2=qEscos600 (2) , t (1),(2) ta c A2=A1cos600 =5J
Bi 9: Mt in tch im q= 4.10-8 C dch chuyn trong in trng u E=100V/m theo ng gp khc
ABC .Bit AB=20cm lm vi E mt gc 300 ;BC=40cm lm vi ng sc E mt gc 1200 .Tnh cng ca lc
in trng trong dch chuyn ny ?
HD: A=AAB +ABC , AAB=qEdAB=qEABcos300=4 3 10-7 J ,ABC=qEdBC=qE(- BCcos600)= -8.10-7J, vy A= -1,07.10-7J
Bi 10: Mt in tch q=10 c chuyn ng t B n C ca tam gic u ABC c cnh 10cm .Tam gic nm trong
in trng u E=5000V/m ng sc ca in trng ny // BC ,chiu t C ti B .Tnh cng ca lc in khi:
a)q i t B n C theo cnh BC
b)q i theo ng gp khc BAC
c)q i theo ng BACB
HD: a) ABC=qEdBC= qE(-BC)=-5.10-3J ,b)ABAC=ABA +AAC=qEdBA +qEdAC=qE(-BAcos600) +qE(-ACcos600) =-5.10-3J , c)ABACB=qEd ,v
d=0 ,nn ABACB=0

V HU CH

v hu ich thpt nam trc

Bi 11: Ba im A,B,C l ba nh ca tam gic vung trong in trng u E=6000V/m ng sc in trng
// AC ,chiu t A n C .Bit AC=8cm , gc ACB =900 .tnh cng nu electron dch chuyn t A n B .
HD: A=qeEdAB=qeE.AC=(-1,6.10-19)6000.8.10-2= -768.10-19J
Bi 12: Mt q=1 c chuyn ng dc theo chiu ng sc trong in trng u E=1500V/m vi vn tc ban
u bng 0 .Tnh vn tc ca in tch q khi va di chuyn ht on ng s=1,5cm .bit in tch c khi lng
m=4.10-27 kg .
HD: A=qEd=qEs=22,5.10-6J (1) ,theo nh l ng nng ta c:A=Wd W0=mv2/2 (2) , t (1) ,(2) ta c v=10,6.1010m/s
Bi 13: Mt in t q=-1,6.10-19 c di chuyn t im M n im N .Bit MN=1cm v c hng hp vi E mt
gc 1200 .in trng u E=1000V/m ,vn tc ca in t ti N l 300km/s .Tm vn tc ti M ,bit in t c
khi lng m=9,1.10-31 kg .
HD: A=qEd=qE.(-MNcos600 )=-8.10-19J (1) , theo nh l ng nng ta c A=WdN WdM=m V2N /2 mV2M/2 (2) ,t (1) ,(2) ta c
VM=13,6.105m/s

Bi 14: Mt in tch di chuyn dc theo hng dng sc trong in trng u E=1000V/m t im M n

im N ,MN=1,5cm .Vn tc ca in tch ti M,N ln lt l 100km/s v 200km/s .khi lng in tch 9.10-14
kg .Tm q?
HD: theo nh l ng nng :A= WdN WdM=m V2N /2 mV2M/2 =13,5.10-4J (1) ,mt khc ta c A=qEdMN =qE.MN (2) , t (1) ,(2) ta c
q =9.10-5C

Bi 15: Mt electron bay t im M n im N trong mt in trng m UMN =100V .Tnh cng ca lc in

trng ?
HD: A=qe.UMN =(-1,6.10-19)100= -1,6.10-17J
Bi 16: Hiu in th gia hai im M, N l UMN =2V .Mt in tch q=-1c di chuyn t N dn M ,th cng ca
lc in trng l bao nhiu?
HD: A=q.UNM=q(-UMN)= -2J
Bi 17: Cng ca lc in trng dch chuyn mt in tch -2 c t im M n im N l 4mJ .Tm UNM ?
HD: A=qUMN UMN =A/q =-2000V , vy UNM = -UMN =2000V
Bi 18: Mt in tch im 3c dch chuyn trong in trng tnh t im M c in th 30V n im N c in
th 15V th cng ca lc in trng l bao nhiu?
HD: A=q(VM -VN)=45J
Bi 19: Mt electron chuyn ng khng vn tc ban u t im M n im N trong mt in trng u ,bit
in th ti M l 5V , in th ti N l 50V .Tm vn tc ca electron ti N ?
HD: A=q(VM -VN)=72.10-19J , theo nh l ng nng A= WdN WdM=m V2N /2 mV2M/2 = m V2N /2,vy VN=3,98.106m/s
Bi 20: Mt proton chuyn ng khng vn tc ban u t im M n N trong mt in trng bit rng U MN
=45V .tm vn tc ca proton ti N .bit mp =1,67.10-27 kg .
HD: A=qp UMN =1,6.10-19 .45=72.10-19 J ,mt khc A= WdN WdM=m V2N /2 mV2M/2 = m V2N /2 ,vy VN=9,3,104m/s
Bi 21: Mt electron bay vi vn tc 107 m/s t im M n im N th dng li .Bit VN =100V .Tm VM ? bit
electron c khi lng 9,1.10-31 kg .
HD: A= WdN WdM=m V2N /2 mV2M/2 = mV2M/2 = - 45,5.10-18J,mt khc A=qe (VM-VN) ,vy VM =384,4( V)
Bi 22: Mt proton chuyn ng t im M n N th t vn tc 16.105 m/s .bit UMN =500V ,tm vn tc ti
M ,bit mP =1,67.10-27 kg .
HD: A=qpUMN=8.10-17J ,mt khc A= WdN WdM=m V2N /2 mV2M/2 ,vy VM=15,7.105m/s
Bi 23: Khi bay qua hai im M,N trong in trng ,mt electron tng c ng nng 250eV ( 1eV=1,6.10 -19
J).Tm UMN ? .
HD: A= W =250eV=250.1,6.10-19=4.10-17J, mt khc A=qe.UMN ,vy UMN = -250V
Bi 24: Gia hai im A,B c mt hiu in th l bao nhiu nu mt in tch q=10 -6 c thu c nng lng
W=2.10-4 J khi i t A n B ?
V HU CH

v hu ch thpt nam trc

HD: nng lng thu c chnh l ng nng ca in tch cng bng cng A do A=2.10-4J : A=q.UAB ,vy UAB=200V
Bi 25: Hiu in th gia anot v catot ca mt n in t hai cc U=200V .Gi s in t electron bt ra khi
catot c vn tc ban u bng 0 .Tnh vn tc m cc in t t c khi p vo anot ?
HD: A=qe.UKA=qe(-U)=3,2.10-17 J, mt khc ta c : A=WA WK =mV2A/2 vy VA=0,84.107m/s
Bi 26: Trong mt in trng u trn mt ng sc c ba im A,B,C vi AB=5cm ,UAB =100V .gi C l
trung im ca AB
a)tm E?
b)tm UAC ? UCB ?
U AB U AB
HD: VA > VB , nn chiu t A n B cng chiu ng sc ,a)E=
=
=2000V/m
, b)UAC=E.dAC=E.AC=50V,
d
AB
UCB=E.dCB=50V

Bi 27: Trong mt in trng u nu trn mt ng sc gia hai im cch nhau 4cm c mt hiu in th
10V ,th gia hai im cch nhau 6cm s c mt hiu in th bao nhiu?
U1 U 2
HD: E=
=
,vy U2=15V
d1 d 2
Bai 28: Trong mt in trng u c ba im A,B,C cng thuc mt ng sc .Nu AB=1m ,AC=2m ,U AB
=10V .Tm UAC ?
U AB
HD: VA > VB nn chiu ca ng sc t A n Bm ta c E=
=10V/m ,TH1( B l trung im ca AC): UAC=E.dAC= E.AC=20V
d AB
,TH2 (A nm gia B,C): UAC=E.dAC=E.(-AC)=-20V

Bi 29: in trng gn mt t c cng 150V/m .vector cng in trng hng t trn xung ,
cao 50cm th hiu in th gia cao v mt t l bao nhiu?
HD: UC=E.dC, m dC=50cm ( v ng sc hng t trn xung )vy UC=75V
ur
Bi 30: Ba im A, B, C nm trong in trng u sao cho E song song vi CA. Cho AB
AC v AB = 6 cm, AC = 8 cm.
a. Tnh cng in trng E, UAB v UBC Bit UCD= 100V (D l trung im ca AC).
b. Tnh cng ca lc in trng khi electron di chuyn t B n C; t B n D.
HD: a) VC >VD nn ng sc c chiu t C v A ,theo gt CD=AC/2=4cm ,E=

U CD U CD
=
=2500V/m ,UAB=E.dAB=0 ,UBC=E.dBC=E.(d CD CD

AC)=2500.(-0.08)=-200V
b)ABC=qe .UBC= -1,6.10- 19.(-200)=3,2.10-17 J, ABD=ABC +ACD , m ACD=qe.UCD=-1,6.10-17J ,vy ACD=1,6.10-17J

Bi 31:
A
B
C
Cho ba bn kim loi phng A, B,C song song nh hnh H.2. Khong cch gia cc bn ln lt l: d1=5cm ,
d2=8cm. Cc bn c tch in v in trng gia cc bn l u, c chiu nh hnh v, vi ln ln lt l :
E1= 4.104V/m v E2= 5.104V/m. Chn gc in th ti bn A. in th ti bn B v bn C l?
d

HD: t HV ta c VA >VB, ,1 VC >VB1 , UAB=E 1 .dAB =E1.d1=2000V , m UAB=VA VB ,vy VB= --2000V ( v VA=0)
H.2

UCB=E2 .dCB=E2 .d2=4000 V ,m UCB=VC VB ,vy VC=2000V

E1

E2

Bi 32: Mt lectron chuyn ng dc theo ng sc ca mt in trng u. Cng in trng E = 100

(V/m). Vn tc ban u ca lectron bng 300 (km/s). Khi lng ca lectron l m = 9,1.10 -31 (kg). T lc ban
u chuyn ng n lc vn tc ca lectron bng khng th lectron chuyn ng c qung ng l?

V HU CH

v hu ich thpt nam trc

mv02
mv 2 mv02
HD: A=W W0 =
-= -= --409,5.10-22 J , mt khc ta c A=qeEd d=0,256cm ,qung ng s= d =0,256cm
2
2
2
Bi 33: Hai im A, B nm trong mt phng cha cc ng sc ca mt in trng u (hnh H.v) AB=10cm,
E=100V/m. Nu vy, hiu in th gia hai im A, B bng?
H
1

HD: UAB =E.dAB =E.(AB.cos600) =5V

Bi 34: Gia hai tm kim loi t nm ngang trong chn khng c mt ht bi tch in m nm yn. Hai tm kim
loi cch nhau 4,2 mm v hiu in th gia tm trn so vi tm di l 1000V. Khi lng ca ht bi l 108 g.
Cho g = 10 m/s2. Hi ht bi tha bao nhiu electron ?
HD: gt ta c ngay chiu ng sc t trn xung , in trng gia hai tm kim loi l u E=

=238,1.103V/m ,KCB ca ht

d
q
bi F + P =0 q E =mg q =mg/E=0,042.10-14C , vy q=--0,042.10-14C ,s electron l : n=
=2624 ht
qe

Bi 35: Mt qu cu nh khi lng 3,06.10-15 (kg), mang in tch 4,8.10-18 (C), nm l lng gia hai tm kim
loi song song nm ngang nhim in tri du (bn di mang in dng), cch nhau mt khong 2 (cm). Ly g
= 10 (m/s2).hiu in th t vo hai tm kim loi l?
mg
HD: KCB ca qu cu: F + P =0 q E =mg E=
=6375V/m,hiu in th : U=E. d =1275V
q
Bi 36: Mt electron chuyn ng vi vn tc ban u 106m/s dc theo mt ng sc ca mt in trng u
c mt qung ng 1cm dng li. Cng in trng s l?
mv02
mv 2 mv02
HD: A=W W0 =
-= -= - 4,55.10-19J , m ta li c A=qeE.d , m d=1cm ( v e chuyn ng theo chiu ng
2
2
2
sc),vy E=A/qe.d =284,37 V/m

Bi 37: in trng u c cng E=4.103 V/m , E cng hng BC ca tam gic ABC vung ti A .
a)Bit AB=6cm , AC=8cm, tm UBC ,UAB ,UAC ?
b)Gi H l chn ng cao h t nh A xung cnh huyn .tm UAH ?
HD:a)ta c BC2 =AB2+AC2 vy BC=10cm ,UBC=E.dBC=E.BC=400V; UAB=E.dAB=E.(-AB cosB)=E(-AB.AB/BC)=-144V;
UAC=E.dAC=E.ACcosC=E.AC.AC/BC=256V
b)UAH=E .dAH =0 ( v dAH=0)

Bi 38: Xc nh in tch ca mt ht bi khi lng 2.10-6 g ,nu n nm cn bng trong in trng gia hai
tm kim loi m hiu in th gia cc tm l 600V ,cn khong cch gia chng l 2cm ,bit ng sc c
hng thng ng ln trn .Ly g=10m/s2.
HD: in trng gia hai tm l u :E=

U
d

=3.104V/m , KCB ca ht :
-12

-12
F + P =0 q E =mg q =mg/E=0,66.10 C , v F

P ,nn F chiu hng ln, vy F E tc l q> 0 , KL :q=0,66.10 C

Bi 39: Cho hai tm kim loi phng t nm ngang song song cch nhau 5cm ,hiu in th gia hai tm l
50V .Mt electron bt u chuyn ng t bn m ti bn dng .bit khi lng ca electron l 9,1.10-31 kg
V HU CH

v hu ch thpt nam trc

a)tm lc F tc dng ln e.
b)tm vn tc p vo bn dng ca e?
U

HD: a) in trng gia hai tm l u :E=

=1000V/m , F=

q e E=1,6.10-16N , b)A=qeEd ,m d= -5cm( v e chuyn ng t bn

m ti bn dng ngc chiu ng sc) ,vy A=8.10-18J, mt khc A=W W0 =

mv 2 mv02 mv 2
-=
v=4,2.1011 m/s
2
2
2

Bi 40: Ht in t bt u chuyn ng dc theo ng sc in trng to ra bi t phng ,hai bn t cch nhau

mt khong d=2m ,gia chng c mt hiu in th 120V ,in t (electron) c vn tc l bao nhiu sau khi dch
chuyn c qung ng s=3cm
HD: in trng gia hai bn t l u: E=

=60V/m, cng ca lc in trng khi e dch chuyn on s :A=q eEds , ds= - s ( v e

dch chuyn ngc chiu ng sc in ) ,vy A=qeE(- s) = 28,8.10-20J , mt khc A=W W0 =

mv 2 mv02 mv 2
-=
2
2
2

v=7,95.105m/s

Bi 41: Ba im A,B,C l ba nh ca mt tam gic vung trong in trng u c cng E=6000V/m ,bit
E AC , AC=8cm ,BC=6cm , AC CB .Tm UAB ,UBC ,UCA ?
HD: UAB=E.dAB= E.AC=480V; , UBC=E.dBC=0 ( v dBC=0) ; UCA=E.dCA=E.(-AC) =-480V
Bi 42: Ht bi m=0,1mg nm l lng trong in trng ca mt t phng cc ng sc c phng thng ng
chiu t trn xung .Hin in th gia hai bn l 120V ,khong cch hai bn t l 1,5cm .Ly g=10m/s 2 .Xc
nh in tch ht bi ?
HD: in trng gia hai bn t l u: E=

=8000V/m ; , KCB ca ht :

- 12
F + P =0 q E =mg q =mg/E=125.10 C , v

-12

F P ,nn F chiu hng ln, vy F E tc l q < 0 ,vy q= -125.10 C

Bi 43: Mt qu cu m=5mg treo vo u di ca mt si dy mnh cch in ,sau t vo khong khng
gia hai tm kim loi cch nhau 40cm ,c hiu in th 7500V ,bn dng trn ,in tch ca qu cu l 10-9
C .ly g=10m/s2.Tm lc cng ca si dy?
HD: in trng gia hai bn t l u: E=
hng xung ,v F=

U
d

=18750V/m , v bn dng trn nn

E hng xung ,q>0 nn F E ; F

q E =1875.10-8N , KCBca in tch ta c : T=P+F=5,10-5+1,875.10-5=6,875.10-5N

Bi 44: Mt qu cu m=4,5g treo vo si dy l=1m qu cu t vo gia hai tm kim loi phng song song thng
ng cch nhau 4cm ,t hiu in th 750V vo hai tm kim loi th qu cu lch khi v tr ban u r=1cm
theo phng ngang,ly g=10m/s2 Tm ln ca in tch qu cu?
HD: in trng gia hai tm kim loi l u ,c phng nm ngang: E=

=18750V/m ; kcb ca qu cu : T + P + F =0 T
d
+ T =0 ta c hnh v ,t hnh v ta c tan =F/p F=P tan =mg tan , v rt nh tan =sin =r/l=10-2 ,F=4,5.10- 4N ;F=
q E q =2,4.10-8 C

V HU CH

v hu ich thpt nam trc

Bi 45: Mt electron trong mt in trng u thu gia tc a = 1012 m/s2. Hy tm:
a). ln ca cng in trng.
b). Vn tc ca electron sau khi chuyn ng c 1 s. Cho vn tc ban u bng 0.
c). Cng ca lc in trng thc hin c trong s dch chuyn .
d). Hiu in th gia im u v im cui ca ng i trn.
mv 2 mv02 mv 2
HD: a)F=me a= q e E E=5,6875V/m ; b) v=v0 +at=at=106m/s; c) A=W W0 =
-=
=4,55.10-19J ;d)A=qe.UC
2
2
2
UC= -2,84375 V

Bi 46: . Hai tam kim loai song song, cach nhau 2cm va c nhiem ien trai dau
nhau. Muon lam cho ien tch q=5.10 -10C di chuyen t tam nay en tam kia
can ton mot cong A0 =2.10-9J. Coi ien trng ben trong khoang gia hai tam
kim loai la ien trng eu va co cac ng sc ien vuong goc vi cac
tam. Cng o ien trng ben trong tam kim loai o ?
HD: cng ca lc in trng A=-A0= -2.10-9J ; m A=q.E.d ,d=-2cm (v in tch dch chuyn ngc chiu ng sc);vy E=

A
qd

=200V/m.

4/GII BI TP ( T IN):
Bi 1: Mt t in phng khng kh, c hai bn hnh trn bn knh R = 6cm t cch
nhau d = 0,5 cm. t vo hai bn mt hiu in th U = 10V.Hy tnh: in dng ca
t, in tch ca t, nng lng ca t.

S
R 2
2

HD: C=
, s= R ,nn C=
=18.10-11 (F) , ;Q=CU=18.10-10 (C) ; W=QU/2=90.10-10 (J)
4kd
4kd
Bi 2: Mt t phng khng kh c in dung C0 = 0,1 F c tch in n hiu in
th U0 = 100V.
a. Tnh in tch Q ca t
b. Ngt t khi ngun. Nhng t vo in mi lng c = 4. Tnh in dung, in
tch v hiu in th ca t lc ny.
c. Vn ni t vi ngun ri nhng vo in mi lng trn. Tnh nh cu b.
HD: a) Q0 =C0U0 =10-5(C) ;b)in tch ca t khng i:Q=Q0 =10-5(C) ,nhng t vo in mi in dung l :C= C0=0,4.10-6
(F), U=Q/C=25(V) ; c) vn ni t vi ngun hiu in th khng i : U=U0=100V , ta c C= C0=0,4.10-6 (F), Q=CU=0,4.10-2 (C)
Bi 3: a. Tnh in dung ca t in phng khng kh c in tch mi bn S =
100cm2, khong cch gia hai bn d = 2mm.
b. Nu a vo gia hai bn lp in mi dy d=1mm ( = 3) th in dung ca t l
bao nhiu?
S
S
S
S
HD: a) C=
=0,04.10-8(F) ; b)thnh 3 t mc ni tip l :C1,C2,C3 trog C1=
;C2=
;C
=
,in
3
4k (d x d ' )
4kd
4kx
4kd '
dung ca b t lc ny l:

1
1
S
1 1
C=
=
+
+
=0,06.10-8(F)
'
4k [d + (d d ' )]
C C1 C 2 C 3
V HU CH

v hu ch thpt nam trc

Bi 4: T phng khng kh c in dung c = 1nF c tch in n hiu in th U =

500V.
a. Tnh in tch Q ca t.
b. Ngt t khi ngun, a hai bn t ra xa khong cch tng gp 2. Tnh C 1, Q1, U1
ca t.
c. Vn ni t vi ngun, a hai bn t ra xa nh trn. Tnh C2, Q2, U2.
HD: a) Q=CU=5.10- 7(C) ; b) ngt t khi ngun in tch t khng i: Q1=Q=5.10- 7 (C) , tng khong cch hai bn t ta c : C1
=C/2 =0,5 nF ; U1=Q1/C1=1000V ; c) vn ni t vi ngun U2=U=500V , theo trn ta c C2=0,5nF , Q2=C2 U2=250nC

Bi 5: Mt t in phng c din tch mi bn S = 56,25 cm2, khong cch gia hai bn d

= 1cm.
a. Tnh in dung ca t in khi t t trong khng kh.
b. Nhng t vo in mi lng c hng s in mi =8 sao cho in mi ngp phn
na t. Tnh in dung, in tch vo hiu in th gia hai bn t khi:
+ T vn c ni vi hiu in th U = 12V.
+ T tch in vi hiu in th U = 12V, sau ngt khi ngun ri nhng vo
in mi.

S / 2
S
S /2
HD: a) C0 = 4kd =0,5.10-11(F) ; b) thnh hai t mc song song :C1 ,C2 m C1= 4kd ; C2 4kd ,khi in dung ca t in
( + 1) S / 2
-11
-11
l:C=C1 +C2=
4kd = 4,48.10 (F) ;TH1(vn ni t vi ngun 12v) , U=12V ,Q=C.U =53,76.10 (C) ;TH2(ngt t khi ngun )
khi cha nhng vo in mi th C=C0=0,5.10-11 (F) ,t vo ngun 12v th in tch ca t l:Q=12C=6.10-11 (C) , ngt khi ngun
in tch khng i: Q=6.10-11(C) ,nhng vo in mi th C=4,48.10-11(F) ,hiu in th l:U=Q/C=6/4,48=1,34V

Bi 6: Bo tu ien gom ba tu ien C1=10 F , C2=15 F , C3=30 F mac noi tiep vi

nhau. ien dung cua bo tu ien la?
1
1
1
1
HD:
=
+
+
C b C1 C 2 C 3
Bi 7: Bo tu ien gom hai tu ien: C1=20 F , C2=30 F mac song song vi nhau,
roi mac vao hai cc cua nguon ien co hieu ien the U=60V. ien tch cua
bo tu ien la?
HD: Cb=C1 +C2 =50 F ,Q=Cb.U=3.10-3C
Bi 8: Bo tu ien gom hai tu ien C1=20 F , C2=30 F mac noi tiep vi nhau, roi
mac vao hai cc cua nguon ien co hieu ien the U=60V. ien tch cua bo
tu ien la?
C1C 2

C
+
C
1
2
HD: C
12 F , Q=C U=720 C
b=

Bi 9: . Mot bo tu ien gom 10 tu ien giong nhau C=8 F ghep noi tiep nhau.
Bo tu ien noi vi hieu ien the khong oi U=150V. o bien thien nang
lng cua bo tu ien sau khi co mot tu ien b anh thung la?

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v hu ich thpt nam trc

C b1U 2
=9.10-3J ; sau khi mt t b nh thng Cb2 =C/9=8/9
2
2
F, hiu in th hai u b t l khng i , nng lng lc ny l :W2= C b 2U =10.10-3J , W=W2-W1=10-3J
2
2
Bi 10: . Mt t in phng khng kh mi bn c din tch 80 cm . Khi 2 bn t i din nhau hon ton, in
dung ca t bng 25 pF. Khong cch gia hai bn l?

HD: ban u : Cb1 =C/10=0,8 F , nng lng ca b t in l: W1 =

S
S
d=
=2,55mm
4kd
4kC
Bi 11: Nu tng phn din tch i din hai bn t ln hai ln v gim khong cch gia chng hai ln th in
dung ca t in phng s tng, gim bao nhiu?
HD: in dung khng i
HD: ) C=

Bi 12: a) Bn t in ging nhau c in dung C c ghp ni tip vi nhau thnh mt b t in. in dung
ca b t in l?
b)Ba t in ging nhau c in dung C c ghp song song vi nhau thnh mt b t in. in dung ca b
t in l?
HD: a)Cb =C/4 ;b) Cb=4C
Bi 13: a)Mt t in c in dung 500 (pF) c mc vo hiu in th 100 (V). in tch ca t in l?
b) Mt t in phng gm hai bn c dng hnh trn bn knh 3 (cm), t cch nhau 2 (cm) trong khng kh.
in dung ca t in l?
HD: a) Q=CU =5.10-8(C) ; b) C=

S
R 2
, s= R2 ,nn C=
=0,125.10-11(F)
4kd
4kd

Bi 14: Mt t in phng gm hai bn c dng hnh trn t cch nhau 2 (cm) trong khng kh. in trng
nh thng i vi khng kh l 3.105(V/m). Hiu in th ln nht c th t vo hai bn cc ca t in l?
HD: ta c U=E.d , m E EMAX ,nn U EMAX.d =6000 V
Bi 15: a) Mt t in phng c mc vo hai cc ca mt ngun in c hiu in th 50 (V). Ngt t in ra
khi ngun ri ko cho khong cch gia hai bn t tng gp hai ln th hiu in th gia hai bn t c gi tr l?
b) Gia hai bn t phng cch nhau 1 cm c mt hiu in th 10 V. Cng in trng u trong lng t l?
HD: a) ban u t c :C0 ,in tch ca t l : Q0 =50C0 ; ngt t khi ngun ln in tch khng i :Q=Q 0=50C0 , tng khong cch
t ln 2 ln ta c C=C0/2 , hiu in th t lc ny l : U=Q/C=100V;; b) E=U/d =1000V/m

Bi 16: Hai t in c in dung C1 = 0,4 (F), C2 = 0,6 (F) ghp song song vi nhau. Mc b t in vo
ngun in c hiu in th U <60V, th mt trong hai t in c in tch bng 3.10 -5 (C).hiu in th ca
ngun in l? in tch ca t cn li ?
HD:

gi s Q1=3.10-5(C) ,U1=Q1/C1 =75V , hai t song song nnUb=

Ub=U1=U2=Q2/C2=50V, Q1=U1.C1=20 C

U2=U1=75V >60V , vy Q2=3.10-5(C) ,khi

Bi 17: B t in gm hai t in: C1 = 20 (F), C2 = 30 (F) mc ni tip vi nhau, ri mc vo hai cc ca

ngun in c hiu in th U = 60 (V). in tch ca b t in l?

V HU CH

v hu ch thpt nam trc

HD: Cb=

C1C 2
=12.10-6F , in tch ca b :Q=Cb.U=720.10-6(C)
C1 + C 2

Bi 18: B t in gm hai t in: C1 = 20 (F), C2 = 30 (F) mc ni tip vi nhau, ri mc vo hai cc ca

ngun in c in pU = 60 (V). in p trn mi t in l?
HD: Cb=

C1C 2
=12.10-6F , in tch ca b :Q=Cb.U=720.10-6(C), hai t ni tip Q1=Q2=Q=720.10-6(C)
C1 + C 2

Bi 19: B t in gm hai t in: C1 = 20 (F), C2 = 30 (F) mc song song vi nhau, ri mc vo hai cc ca

ngun in c in p U = 60 (V). in tch ca mi t in l?
HD: U1=U2=U=60V ; in tch l : Q1=C1U1=1200.10-6(C) ;Q2=C2U2=1800.10-6(C)
Bi 20: Mt t c in dung C1 c tch in bng ngun in khng i in p 200 V. Ngt t khi ngun
ri mc song song n vi t in th hai c in dung C2 = 4,5 F cha c tch in th in p b t l 80 V.
Hy tnh C1?
HD: ngt t C1 ra khi ngun in tch khng i l:Q1=200C1 ,mc song song t C2 ,in tch ca b t l : Qb=Q1=200C1 ,in dung
200C1
ca b l :Cb=C1+C2 , hiu in th b l: Ub=Qb/Cb=
=80 C1=3 F
C1 + C 2
Bi 21: Hai t in phng khng kh c C1 = 0,2 F v C2 = 0,3 F mc song song. B t c tch in n in
pU = 250 V ri ngt ra khi ngun. Lp y t C2 bng cht in mi c = 2. in pv in tch mi t l?
HD: C=C1+C2=0,5 F ; khi tch in cho b t ny th in tch ca b t l :Q=CU=125.10-6(C) ,ngt t khi ngun in tch khng
i, khi lp y t 2 th : C2= C2=0,6 C , khi in tch b :C=C1+C2=0,8 C ,in p b l:U=Q/C=156,25(V) ,
U1=U2=U=156,25(V) , in tch mi t : Q1=U1.C1=31,25 C ;Q2=U2.C2=93,75 C
Bi 22: Hai t in ging nhau c in dung l C, Mt ngun in c in p l U. Khi ghp ni tip hai t vo
ngun in th c nng lng l Wt, Khi ghp song song hai t vo ngun th c nng lng l Ws. So snh Wt v
Ws?
C U 2 CU 2
2CU 2
HD: ghp ni tip:Ct=C/2 ; nng lng l:WT= T
=
(1) , ghp song song :CS=2C ;nng lng l :WS=
(2) t (1) ,
2
4
2
(2) ta c WS=4WT

Bi 23: b hnh H.1: C1 = 2F, C2 = C3 = 1F. Mc b t vo hai cc ca ngun in

U = 4V. in tch ca cc t in l?

C1

C2
C3
H.1

HD: C23=C2 +C3=2 F ;C =

C1C 23
=1 F ; Q =C.U=4.10-6(C) ; Q1=Q23=Q=4.10-6(C) ,
C1 + C 23

U23=Q22/C23=2(V) ,U2=U3=U23=2V ,Q2=C2 .U2=2.10-6(C) ;Q3=2.10-6(C)

Bi 24: b ba t in nh hnh H.2: C1 = 10F, C2 = 6 F v C3 = 4F. Mc b t vo

hai cc ca ngun in U = 24V. in tch ca cc t in l?

C1

C2
C3
H.2

HD: lm tng t bi 23

Bi 25: T in phng gm hai bn hnh vung cnh a = 20cm, t cch nhau d = 1cm v in mi gia hai bn t
in l = 6. in p gia hai bn t in l U = 50 V. in tch ca t in l ?
S
HD: C=
;,S=a.a=400cm2 ;Q=C.U
4kd
V HU CH

v hu ich thpt nam trc

Bi 26: T in phng khng kh gm tt c 19 tm nhm c din tch i din l S= 3,14 cm2, Khong cch gia
hai tm lin tip l d = 1mm. Din dung ca t in l?
S
HD: b t gm 18 t in mc ni tip mi t c in dung : C=
, in dung ca b t in l: CB=C/18
4kd
Bi 27: . Khi ni hai bn t ca mt t in xoay vi in p 100V th in tch trn t l 2.10-7 C. Nu tng din
tch ca phn i din gia hai bn t ln gp i v ni hai bn t vi in p 50V th in tch trn t l?
HD: in dung ban u ca t l: C1=Q1/U1=2.10-9F , tng ddienj tch i din ln 2 ln th : C2=2C1=4.10-9F,in tch trn t l:Q2
=C2U2=2.10-7(C)

Bi 28: a) Cho b ba t in nh hnh H.3: C1 = 4F, C2 = 6F, C3 = 3,6 F v C4 = 6F.

in dung ca b t l?
b)Cho b ba t in nh hnh H.3: C1 = 1F, C2 = 2F, C3 = 4F v C4 = 4F. in tch
ca t C1 l Q1 = 2.10-6 C. in tch ca b t l?

C1

C2
C4

C3

H.3

C1C 2
HD: a) (C1 nt C2)//(C3 nt C4) b)V C1 nt C2 nn Q1=Q12= Q2 =2.10-6C , C12 =
=2/3
C1 + C 2
F ,U12=Q12/C12 =3V ; UB=U12=3V , tm CB ,QB=UB.CB
Bi 29: Cho mach ien nh hnh ve 4: C1 = 6 F, C2 = 3 F,
C3 = 18 F, UAB = 18 V.
Tnh Cbo va ien tch moi tu.
C1

C3

C2
Hnh 4

HD: tm Cb , ; UAB=U3=U12=18V , Q3=U3.C3 ; tm C12; tm Q12=C12.U12 ,suy ra Q1 =Q2 =Q12

Bi 30: Cho mach ien hnh 5: C1 = 1 F, C2 = 2 F, C3 = 3
F, C4 = 4 F, UAB = 100V. Tnh Cbo va ien tch moi tu.

C1

C2

C3

C4

Hnh 5

HD: tm Cb , . tm Qb , , Q4=Q123=Qb ,, tm C123 ,sau tm U123 , suy ra U1=U2=U3=U123 , t tm Q1, Q2, Q3

C3

Bi 31:Cho mach ien hnh 6:

C1 = 2 F, C2 = 3 F, C3 =4 F, C4 = 6 F, U2 = 750 V. Tnh :
Cb v UAB

C1

C2
C4

Hnh 6

HD: tm Cb , tm Q2 ,suy ra Q1=Q2=Q34 , tm C34 sau tm U34 , tm U2 v U1 ; UAB=U1+U2+U34

V HU CH

v hu ch thpt nam trc

C2

Bi 32: Chomchin hnh 7:

C1 = C3 = C5 = 1F, C2 = 4F, C4 = 1,2F,
U2 = 10 V. Tnh Cb v UAB?

C3

C1
C4
C5

Hnh 7

HD: tm Cb ; Q23=Q2=Q3=C2U2 ; c C23 tm U23=U234 , c C234 tm c Q234 =Q1 ,ta s tm

c U1 ; UAB=U1 +U234

Bi 33:
Cho b t in hnh 8:
C1 = 3F, C2 = 6F,
C3 = C4 = 4F, C5 = 8F, U = 900 V. Tnh ien p gia 2
im AB.

C1

C2

C3

C4
C5

Hnh 8

HD: D gi l im chung ca C1;C3 ;UAB=U3 U1; tm Cb s tm c Qb ; suy ra Q1234=Qb

, tm C1234 s tm c U1234=U12=U34 , tm C12 ,C34 s tm c Q12;Q34 th ta c Q1=Q12 v Q3=Q34 , t tm c U3 ;U1 v suy ra UAB

Bi 34 : Cho b t in hnh 9:
C1 = C4 = C5 = 2F, C2 = 1F, C3 = 4F,UAB = 12 V.
Tnh
ain dung b t.
b.ien p v in tch mi t.

C2
A

C3
Hnh 9

HD: C1/C3=C2/C4 ta b t C5 vy (C1ntC2)//(C3ntC4) ,ta s tm c C ,ta li c U12=U34=UAB ,tip tm Q12 ,Q34 t tm c in

tch cc t

Bi 35: Cho mch in nh hnh 10: C1 = 10F, C2 = 5F, C3 =

4F, U = 38 V. Tnh :
a/in dung b t, in tch vaien p tren cac tu
ien.
b/ T 2 b anh thung, tm in tch va ien p tren
tu C1.

C2
C1
C3

Hnh 10

C1C 23
=4,7 F , Q=CU=180 C;Q1=Q23=180 C;U1=Q1/C1=18V ,U23=Q23/C23=20V;
C1 + C 23
U2=U3=U23=20V, Q2=U2.C2=100 C ;Q3=U3.C3=80 C
c) C2 b nh thng U3=0;U1=U=38V;Q1=380 C
HD: a)C23=C2+C3 =9 F ;C=

V HU CH

v hu ich thpt nam trc

Bi 36: Mt t in phng khng kh, c hai bn cch nhau d=1mm v c in dung Co
= 2 pF, c mc vo hai cc ca mt ngun in c in p U= 500V.
a.Tnh in tch mi bn ca t in v tnh in tch ca t in? Tnh cng
in trng gia cc bn?
b. Ngi ta ngt t in ra khi ngun ri nhng n chm vo mt in mi lng c
hng s in mi = 2 . Tnh in dung ca t in v in p ca t in khi . Tnh
cng in trng gia cc bn khi ?
c.By gi ngi ta mc b t in, gm hai t in C1 = 2pF v C2 = 3pF vo ngun
in ni trn. Hy tnh in dung ca b t in , in tch v in p ca mi t
in khi C1 v C2 mc ni tip, C1 v C2 mc song song?
HD: a) Q=C0U=1nC , Q- =Q+=Q=1nC ; E=U/d=500000V/m ; b) ngt t khi ngun in tch t khng i:Q=1nC ;in dung ca
t :C= C0=4pF ; hiu in th:U= Q/C=250V ; E=U/d=250000V/m
Bi 37: : Hai t C1= 5.10-10 F, C2 = 15.10-10 F mc ni tip. Khong gia 2 bn mi t cch nhau 2 mm, in
trng ghi hn 1800 V. Hi b t chu c in p gii hn bao nhiu?
C1C 2
HD: in p gii hn ca mi t in l:UMA X= EMA X .d=3,6V ;khi hai t in ni tip nhau: C=
=3,75.10-10F,in tch cc t
C1 + C 2
in l:Q1=Q2=Q=CU ( U l in p t vo b t) , ta c ngay :U1=Q1/C1=CU/C1=0,75U ; U2=Q2/C2=CU/C2=0,25U; K U1 UMA X v
U2 UMA X ,vy U 4,8V , in p gh :4,8V
Bi 38: : Ba t C1= 2.10-9 F, C2 = 4.10-9 F v C2 = 6.10-9 F mc ni tip. in p gii hn mi t l 500 V. Hi b
t c chu in p 1100 V khng?
HD: ta c C=12.10-9/11 (F) ;in tch cc t l: Q1=Q2=Q3=Q=CU (U l hiu in th t vo b t ) ;ta c :
U1=Q1/C1=CU/C1=6U/11 ;U2=Q2/C2=CU/C2=3U/11;U3=Q3 /C3=CU/C3=2U/11 ;K : U1 500 ;U2 500 ;U3 500 ; khng chu c
Bi 40: Hai tu ien co ien dung va ien p gii han C1 = 5 F, U1gh = 500 V, C2 = 10
F, U2gh = 1000 V. Ghep 2 tu ien thanh bo. Tm ien p gii han cua bo tu
ien neu hai tu :
a/Ghep song song
b/ Ghep moi tiep
HD: a) U l in p b t ; K :U U1gh v U U2gh ,vy U 500V ,;in p gh:500V
b) in dung ca b t in l:C=10/3 F ;in tch ca cc t in l:Q1=Q2=Q=CU (U l in p ca b t in) ;in p ca cc t
l:U1=Q1/C1=CU/C1 =2U/3 ;U2=Q2/C2=CU/C2=U/3; K:U1 U1gh vU2 U2gh tm cU 750 ;in p gh:750V
Bi 41: Ba t
C1 = 1 F, C2 = 2 F, C3 = 3 F ln lt chu in p ghi hn l U1gh = 1000 V , U2gh = 200 V v
U3gh = 500 V mc thnh b. Cch mc no c in p gii hn tt nht? Tm in dung v in p ghi hn lc
ny?
HD: a)TH1(ba t ni tip) C=6/11 F;hiu in th cc i: 733,333V ; b)TH2(ba t mc song song) hiu in th cc i :200V
c)TH3(C1ntC2)//C3 ; C12=2/3 F, U12 l in p t vo hai u t C 12 , in tch ca t C1 ;C2 l :Q1=Q2=Q12=C12U12 ;in p
C1;C2 :U1=Q1/C1=C12U12/C1=2U12/3;U2=Q2/C2=C12U12/C2=U12/3, iu kin ca U12 :U1 U1gh v U2 U2gh nn U12 600V; vy nu thay C1
;C2 bng t C12 ,th t ny co in p gh:U12gh=600V , U l hiu in th ca b t k l:U U3gh v U U12gh ,vy hiu in th cc
i :500V ; d)TH4 (C1ntC3)//C2 ; C13=3/4 F ;lm tng t thay C1;C3 bng C13 th t ny c in p gh l:U13gh=1333,3V ;hiu in
th cc i:200V ; e)TH5(C2ntC3)//C1 : C23=6/5 F , lm tng t thay C2;C3 bng C23 th t ny c in p gh l:U23gh=333,33V ;hiu
in th cc i:333,33V lm tng t cho cc TH khc thy nu (C2//C3)ntC1 th hiu in th cc i 1200V

Bi 42: C hai t in: t in 1 c in dung C1 = 3 (F) tch in n in p U1 = 300 (V), t in 2 c in

dung C2 = 2 (F) tch in n in p U2 = 200 (V). Ni hai bn mang in tch cng du ca hai t in vi
nhau. in p gia cc bn t in l?
HD: Q1=U1C1=900 C ;Q2=U2C2=400 C; ni hai bn cng du, in tch ca b t l:Q=Q 1 +Q2 =1300 C ; hai tu ny mc song
song :C=C1 +C2 =5 F ; hiu in th ca b :U=Q/C=260V

V HU CH

v hu ch thpt nam trc

Bi 43: C hai t in: T in 1 c in dung C1 = 3 (F) tch in vi in p U1 = 300 (V), t in 2 c in

dung C2 = 2 (F) tch in vi in p U2 = 200 (V). Ni hai bn mang in tch cng du ca hai t in vi
nhau. Nhit lng to ra sau khi ni l?
HD: da theo kt qu tnh BI 42 ta c:nng lng ban u ca b t in :W0=

C1U 12 C 2U 22
+
=0,175J ;nng lng ca b t
2
2

CU 2
=0,169J ; nhit lng ta ra : W=W0 W =6.10-3J
2
Bi 44: Cho t in AB c in dung C1 =3 F ,q1 =6.10-4 C ( A l cc dng). t DE c in dung C2 =4 F ,q2
=4,8.10-4 C (D l cc dng) .Tnh hiu in th v in tch trn mi t nu
a) Ni B vi D
b) Ni B vi E
c) Ni A vi D v B vi E
q1 q 2
q1 q 2
+

HD: a) in tch cc t l khng i; UAE=U1 +U2=

=320V; b) in tch cc t khng i; UAD=U1 U2=
=80V
C1 C 2
C1 C 2
c) in tch ca b t l : q=q1+q2 =10,8.10-4C ;in dung ca b:C=C1 +C2=7 F ; hiu in th:U=q/C=154,2V , hai t mc song
song : U1=U2=U=154,2V ,;in tch cc t l:q1=U1C1=462,63 C ;q2=U2C2=616,83 C
Bi 45:T in c C1=0,5.10-6 F c np in ti ht U1=100V ,sau ct khi ngun
in. Ni song song t C1 vi t C2 =C1 v cha tch in. Tnh in tch mi t v nng
lng ca tia la in phng ra.
HD: Q1=C1U1=50.10-6C ;sau khi ni hai t vi nhau ,in tch ca b t l:Q=Q1=50.10-6C , in dung ca b t l:C=C1+C2=10
sau khi ni: W =

F ;hiu in th U=Q/C=50V , hai t song song :q1=C1U=25.106C ; q2=C2U=25.106C

Bi 46: C 2 t in phng C1= 0,3 nF; C2=0,6 nF. Khong cch gia 2 bn ca 2 t l
d=2 mm. T in cha y cht in mi c th chu c cng in trng ln nht
l 10000 v/m. Hai t c ghp ni tip. Tm ht gii hn ca b t
HD: U=Ed EMAX .d=20V ,in p gii hn ca tng t l:U1gh =U2gh =20V ; C=0,2nF , intch ca b t v cc t :q1=q2=q=CU (
U l in p t vo t) ;khi in apscuar tng t in l :U1=q1/C1=CU/C1=2U/3 ;U2=q2/C2=CU/C2=U/3 ;K U1 U1gh v U2 U2gh
vy U 30V :in p gh l:30V
Bi 47: Hai bn ca mt t in phng(din tch mi bn l 200 cm2) c nhng trong
du c hng s in mi 2,2 v c mc vo ngun in c ht l 200 V. Tnh cng
cn thit gim khong cch gia 2 bn t 5 cm n 1 cm(sau khi ct t ra khi
ngun)
S
HD: C1 =
=0,778.10-11F , Q1=U1C1=1,56.10-9(C) ;nng lng t W1=Q12/2C1=1,56.10-7J ,ngt t khi ngun ln in tch khng
4kd1
i:Q2=Q1=1,56.10-9(C) , khi khong cch hai bn t l d2=1cm th :C2=3,9.10-11F ;nng lng t W2=Q22/2C2=0,312.10-7J ,cng cn
thc hin:A=W1 W2=1,248.10-7 J

BI 48: Cho t in phng khng kh c khong cch gia hai bn d=1,5cm ,hiu in th t vo hai bn c gi
tr khng i U0 =39000V.
a)t c b n khng?
b)t thm tm thy tinh b dy a= 0,3cm vo khong gia v song song vi hai bn ,thy tinh c =7 . t c b
nh thng khng? cho bit in trng gii hn bi khng kh l 3.106V/m v ca thy tinh l 107V/m
HD: a) ta c U=E.d E1MA X.d =3.106.1,5.10-2=45000V/m ,hiu in th gh ca t nytrong khng kh l:Ugh=45000V/m ;U0 =39000V
t khng b nh thng

b) t thm tm thy tinh vo th b t gm hai t C1;C2 mc ni tip nhau :t khng kh C1=

S
S
,hiu in th gh ca t ny l U1gh=E1MA X .(d-a)=3.106.1,2.10-2=3,6.104V ; t in miC2=
; hiu in th gh ca t
4k (d a )
4ka
ny l U2gh=E2MA

.a=107.0,3.10-2=0,3.105V ; in dung ca b t l:

V HU CH

1
1
1
S
=
+
nn C=
;in
C C1 C 2
4k[(a + (d a)]

v hu ich thpt nam trc

S
U ( d a )
Ua
U ,(UlHT t vo b t) ,khi U1=Q1/C1=
;U2=Q2/C2=
;iu
4k [(a + (d a)]
a + (d a)
a + (d a)
kin t khng b nh thng:U1 U1gh v U2 U2gh suy ra U 37300V , vi U0=39000V th t b nh thng
tchQ1=Q2=Q=CU=

BAI 49: Mt t in c in dung C0 c tch in vi hiu in th U0 ri ngt khi ngun ,dng t ny lm

ngun np cho n t ging nhau c in dung C ,mi ln np cho t .
a)vit biu thc in tch cn li ca t C0 sau khi np cho n t
b)vit biu thc hiu in th ca t th n .
C0
C 02
C 0n
HD: a)in tch ban u :Q=C0U0; ln th 1:Q1=
Q ; ln th 2:Q2=
Q ,............,ln th n : Qn=
Q
C + C0
(C + C 0 ) 2
(C + C 0 ) n
C0
Qn
C 02
C 0n
U0 , ln th 2:U2=
U
,..........,
ln
th
n
:
U
=
=
.U0
0
n
C + C0
C 0 (C + C 0 ) n
(C + C 0 ) 2
BI 50: B t in trong mt chic chp nh c in dung 750 F dc tch in n hiu in th 330V
a) xc nh nng lng m n tiu th trong mi ln le sng
b) mi ln le sng t phng in trong thi gian 5ms ,tnh cng sut phng in ca t?

b) ln th 1: U1=

CU 2
HD: a) sau mi ln le sng nng lng ca t s gii phng ht trong ln va np: W=
=40,8J
2
W
b) cng sut phng in : P=
=8,17 kw.
t
BI 51: Tch in cho mt t in c in dung 20.10-6F di hiu in th 60V ,sau ct t ra khi ngun
a)tnh in tch q ca t
b)tnh cng m in trng trong t in sinh ra khi phng in tch q=0,001q t bn dng sang bn m
c) xt lc in tch ca t in ch cn bng q/2 .tnh cng m in trng trong t in sinh ra khi gii phong
in tch q nh trn t bn dng sang bn m lc
HD: a) q=CU =12.10-4(C) ; b) v lng in tch rt nh nn coi nh hiu in th t khng i ,cng l :A= q U=0,001q.U=72.10-6
J ; c) khi in tch ca t ch cnq = q/2=6.10-4(C) th hiu in th hai bn t l:U =q/C=30V , tng t cng l : A= q U=36.106

BI 52: T khng kh d=5mm , S=100cm2 ,nhit lng to ra khi t phng in l 4,19.10-3J .Tm U np ?

S
=1,77.10-11F ,vy U=2,17.104V
4kd
BI 53: Nm t ging nhau ,mi t C=0,2 F mc ni tip ,b t c tch in ,thu c nng lng 2.10-4J
.tnh hiu in th mi t?

HD: nng lng ca t in l: W=CU2/2 =4,19.10-3J , m C=

Qb2
HD: ta c W=
, m Cb=C/5=0,04 F,m W=2.10-4J ,suy ra Qb=4 C ,vy q1=q2=q3=q4=q5=Qb=4.10-6C ;U1=.....=Qb/C=20V
2C b
BI 54: T phng khng kh C=10-10F c tch in n hiu in th U=100V ri ngt khi ngun .tnh cng
cn thc hin tng khong cch hai bn t ln gp i ?
V HU CH

v hu ch thpt nam trc

HD: nng lng ban u ca t in: W 0=CU2/2=0,5.10-6J ,tng khong cch ln gp i th C =C/2=0,5.10-10F , in tch ca t
khng i Q=Q=CU=10-8C , nng lng sau ca t :W=(Q)2/2C=10-6J , cng cn thc hin l:A=W-W=0,5.10-6J

BI 55: T phng khng kh C0 =6.10-10F c tch in n hiu in th U0 =600V ri ngt khi ngun
a)nhng t vo in mi lng ( =4) ngp 2/3 din tch mi bn .tnh hiu in th ca t ?
b)tnh cng cn thit nhc t in ra khi in mi ,b qua trng lng ca t ?
HD: in tch ban u ca t:Q0=C0U0=36.10-8C ;ngt t khi ngun in tich khng i Q=Q0=36.10-8C;
a) sau khi nhung in mi b t gm hai t mc song song :t khng khC 1=C0/3=2.10-10F , t in miC2=2 C0/3=16.10-10F
,C=C1+C2=18.10-10F, U=Q/C=200V ; b) nng lng ban u ca t:W0=C0U02/2=108.10-6J ; nng lng ca b t trong in
miW=Q2/2C=36.106J ., A=W0 W=72.106J

BI 56: Hai t C1=2.106F , C2=0,5.10-6F ,tch in n hiu in th U1=100V ,U2=50V ri ngt khi ngun ,ni
cc bn khc du ca hai t vi nhau .tnh nng lng ca tia la in pht ra?
HD: nng lng ban u W0=C1U12/2 +C2U22/2=10,25mJ , in tch ban u ca tng t l:Q1=C1U1=200.106C ;Q2=C2U2=25.10
6
C ,in tch khng i ;sau khi ni in tch ca b :Q=Q 1 Q2=175.106C ; in dung ca b : C=C1 +C2=2,5.106F , nng lng
ca hai t sau khi ni:W=Q2/2C=6,125mJ ,nng lng tia la in :E=W0 W=4,125mJ

BI 57: Hai t in C1=600pF , C2=1000pF ,c mc ni tip vo ngun U=20KV ri ngt khi ngun ,ni cc
bn cng du ca hai t vi nhau ,tnh nng lng ca tia la in ny ra?
HD: ban u C12=

C1C 2
=375pF , in tch cc t :q1=q2=C12U=750.108C ;nng lng :W0=C12U2/2=0,075J ; luc sau in tch ca
C1 + C 2

b t :q=q1+q2=15.106C ,in dung :C=C1+C2=1600pF , nng lng:W=q2/2C=0,0703J ,nng lng E=4,7mJ

BI 58: Hai t phng khng kh c in dung C ,mc song song v c tch in n hiu in th U ri ngt
ngun i ,cc bn ca mt t c th chuyn ng t do n nhau ,tm vn tc ca cc bn t trn ti thi im m
khong cch gia chng gim i mt na .bit khi lng ca mt bn t l M ,b qua tc dng ca trng lc
HD: BAN U: in dung ca b CB=2C ;in tch ca b t QB=CBU=2CU; NGAY SAU KHI NGT T KHI NGUN nng
lng ca b t :W0=QB2/2CB =CU2 ; KHI CC BN CA MT T CHUYN NG KHONG CCH CN MT NA: in dung
b CB =C+ C =C +2C=3C (v C=

nng lng ca b

S
2S
= 2C ) ,in tich khng i ,nng lng b t W=QB2/2CB =2CU2/3 ,bin thin
=
4Kd / 2 4Kd

W = W0 W = CU 2 / 3 ; m W = 2(

ng nh nhau cng vn tc ), vy V=

MV 2 MV02
MV 2

)=2
= MV 2 (v V0= 0 ,v c hai bn chuyn
2
2
2

CU 2 / 3M

BI 59: T phng S=200cm2 ,in mi l bn thy tinh dy d=1mm , = 5 ,tch in vi U=300V ,rt bn thy
tinh khi t .tnh bin thin nng lng ca t v cng cn thc hin ? cng ny dng lm g ?xt khi rt
thy tinh
a) t vn ni vi ngun
b)ngt t khi ngun

V HU CH

v hu ich thpt nam trc

S
= 8,85.1010F . nng lng ca t W=CU2/2=39,825.106J ; in tch ca t l:Q=CU=26,55.108(C) ; lc
HD: a) ban u C=
4kd
sau : C=

S
=1,77.10---10F
4kd

;nng lng ca t W=CU2/2 =7,965.106J (

hiu in th khng i) ;vy

W = W ' W = 31,86.10 6 J , cng cn thc hin :A= W =31,86.106J

b)lc sau :in tch ca t khng i ;nng lng ca t in l W=Q2/2C=199,125.106J ; W

= W ' W = 159,3.10 6 J ;v

A=159,3.106J

BI 60: Hai t phng khng kh c C1=2C2 ,mc ni tip vo ngun U khng i ,cng in trng trong C 1
thay i bao nhiu ln nu nhng C2 vo cht in mi c = 2 ?
HD: ban u : C=

C1C 2
=C1/3=2C2/3 ; in tch b t : Q=CU=C1U/3 , suy ra Q1=Q=C1U/3 ,U1=Q1/C1=U/3 suy ra E1=U1/d=U/3d ;
C1 + C 2

(1): (d l khong cch hai bn ca t 1) ; sau khi nhng C2 vo in mi , in dung t 2 l: C2=2C2=C1 ,Khi in dung ca b :

C1C 2'
C=
=C1/2 ,in tch ca b lc ny l:Q=CU=C1U/2 ,suy ra Q1=Q=C1U/2 ,nn U1=Q1/C1=U/2 , E1=U1/d =U/2d(2) ;t (1)
C1 + C 2'

(2) ta c in trng tng 1,5 ln

BI 61:
Ba tm
A

kim loi phng t song song v ni vi A,B bng cc dy ni nh hnh v ,in tch ca mi bn S=100cm 2
,khong cch gia hai bn lin tip d=0,5cm .ni A,B vi ngun U=100V
a)tm in dung ca b t v in tch trn mi tm kim loi
b)ngt A,B khi ngun dch chuyn bn B theo phng vung gc vi bn mt on x .tnh hiu in th gia
A,B theo x .ap dng x=d/2
HD: h thng thnh hai t mc nh sau
a) C=C1+C2 =2C1 =3,54.1011F , in tch ca b t l : Q=CU=3,54.109(C) ; bn B :3,54.10--9C ,bn A:1,77.109C

b) C1= C1d/(d-x) ; C2=C2d/(d+x) ,in dung ca b lc ny l : C=C1 +C2=2C1d2/(d2 x2) ,(v C1=C2
ngt t khi ngun nn in tch khng i Q=Q=CU=2C1U ; vy U=Q/C=U(d2 x2)/d2 ,p dng

C1

=75V

C2
5/ GII BI TP V DNG IN KHNG I:
Bi 1:a)Mt dng in khng i ,sau 2 pht c mt in lng 24C dch chuyn qua tit din thng .xc nh
cng dng in ?
b) trong kim loi dng in khng i cng 1,6 m.A chy qua .Trong 1 pht hy xc nh s electron
dch chuyn qua tit din thng ca sy dn ?
c) mt dng in khng i trong thi gian 10s c mt in lng 1,6C chy qua .s e chuyn qua tit din thng
ca dy dn trong thi gian 1s l bao nhiu?
V HU CH

v hu ch thpt nam trc

HD: a) I=q/ t=0,2A ; b) in lng qua tit din thng trong tgian trn:q=It=96.10-3C ,s electron l :n=

q
=6.1017 ht ; c)ta c I=
qe

q2
q1 q 2
=
, ta c q1=1,6C , t1=10s suy ra in trong thi gian t2= 1s l : q2=0,16C , s electron : n=
=1018 ht
qe
t1 t 2
Bi 2: cho mch in nh hnh v .bit R1=R2=4 ,R3=3
a) tm RAB
b)bit I3= 4A ,tm I1? I2 ? UAB?

R1
B
R2

HD: a) R1// R2 //R3 , nn

R3

1
1
1
1
=
+
+
suy ra RAB=1,2 ; b) UAB=U1=U2=U3=I3.R3=12V ; I1=U1/R1=3A ; I2=U2/R2=3A
R AB R1 R2 R3

Bi 3: cho mch in nh hnh v R1=1 , , R2 = 12 , R3 = 6, R4 = 2 ;

a)tnh RAB ?
A
b)cho UAB=28 V ; tm I2 ? I3 ?

R4
B
R1

HD: R1nt(R2//R3) ntR4 suy ra RAB=R1+

R3

R2

R2 R3
U AB
+R4 =7 ;I23= I=
=4A ; U2 =U3=U23=I23.R23 =4.4=16V ;suy ra I2=U2/R2=4/3
R2 + R3
R AB

(A) ;I3=U3/R3=16/6 (A)

Bi 4: cho mch nh hnh v :R1=2 ;R2=4 ,R4=2R3=12

R5=1,5 ;RA=0 ,UAB=12V .Tm
a)cng dng in qua cc in tr
b) s ch ampeke ?

R1

R2
R5

R3

R4

R1 R3
R2 R4
U AB
+
+R5=6 , suy ra I13=I24=I5=I=
R1 + R3 R2 + R4
R AB
U3
U1
=2A; U13=I13.R13=2.6/4=3V ;suy ra U1=U3=U13=3V ; suy ra I1=
=1,5A ; v I3=
=0,5A ; tng t I2=1,5A ; I4=0,5A ; b) thy I1 =
R1
R3
HD: RA =0 suy ra UA=0 mch tr thnh :(R1//R3) nt (R2//R4) nt R5 ;RAB=

I2 suy ra s ch ampe =I1 I2 =0

Bi 5: Cho mch nh hnh v :UAB=18V ;R1=R2=R3=R4=R5=15

RA=0 ; tm cng dng in qua cc in tr v s ch ampek

R1
A

V HU CH

R4

R2

R3
B
A

v hu ich thpt nam trc

R5
HD: RA=0 nn UA=0 ;b qua R5 ,vy mch :R2// [ R1 nt ( R3//R4 )] ;suy ra UAB=U2=U134=18V , suy ra I2=1,2A ; R134=R1 +

, I1=I34=I134=

R3 R4
=22,5
R3 + R4

U 134
R3 R4
=0,8A ; U3=U4=U34=I34.
=6V ; I3=I4=U3/R3=0,4A ;v I3 <I1 , nn s ch ampek:=I4+ I2=0,4 +1,2 =1,6A
R134
R3 + R4

Bi 6: Cho mch in nh hnh v :R1=R2=2 , R3=R4=R5=R6=4

;UAB=12V , RA=0 .tm dng in qua cc in tr ,s ch ampe k ?

A1

A2

R5

R6

R4
A

R1

A3
B

R2

R3
R4

HD: v RA=0 nn UA=0 mch v li nh sau :U4=U12356=UAB=12V ;suy ra I4=U4/R4=3A ;

R3 R6
R236 R5
R5
=2 , R236=R2 +R36=4 ; R2356=
=2 ; R12356=R1 +R2356=4
R3 + R6
R236 + R5
R6
U 12356
U 5 R1
U 236
Suy ra I1=I2356=
=3A ; U2356=I2356.R2356=3.2=6V ; suy ra U5=U236=U2356=6V ; suy ra I5=
=1,5A; ta c I2=I36=
=1,5A ;
R2
R12356
R5
R236
A
B
U3
U6
R3 ; v I2 >I3
U3=U6=U36=I36.R36=1,5.2=3V ; suy ra I3=
=0,75A ; v I6=
=0,75A ; b) A1=I4=3A ; v I1 > I2 nn A2=A1 +I5=3+1,5=4,5A
R3
R6
R36=

nn A3=A2 + I6=4,5 +0,75 =5,25A

R1

Bi 7: Cho mch in nh hnh v : R1=15 , R2=R3=R4=20

RA=0 ;s ch ca ampe k 2A , tm UAB ? I1? I2 ? I3 ?

A
R3
R2

R4

U 234 U AB
U AB U AB
=
(1) ; U234=UAB nn I2=I34=
=
R AB 10
R234 30
U 4 U AB
; suy ra I4=
=
(2) t (1) v (2) s ch ampe k :IAB
R4 60

HD: v RA=0 nn UA=0 ,nn mch mc :R1//[ R2 nt( R3// R4) ] ;RAB=10 ;IAB=

R3 R4
U
U
=30 ) suy ra U3=U4=U34=I34.R34= AB .10= AB
R3 + R4
30
3
U 1 U AB
I4=2 UAB=24V suy ra I1=
=
=1,6A ;v I2=0,8A ; v I4=0,4A , I3=I4=0,4A
R1
R1
(v R234=R2 +

Bi 8: Cho mch nh hnh v :UAB=6V ;R1=10 ;R2=15 ;R3=3

RA 1 =RA 2 =0 ;Xc nh chiu v cng dng qua ampe k ?

A1
A

R3
R2

B
N
A2

R1
R3
HD: mch v l nh hnh v sau : v

RA 1 =RA 2

=0 nn U1=U2=U3=UAB=6V , suy ra

R2

V HU CH
R1

A2

v hu ch thpt nam trc

I1=

U3
U1
U2
U AB
=0,6A ,I2=
=0,4A ; I3=
=2A ; RAB=2 ,suy ra I=
=3A , s ch ca ampe
R1
R2
R3
R AB

A1

A1=I-I1=2,4A , ; A2=I-I3=1A , thy A1 >I3 v A2 > I1 nn chiu ca dng in nh hnh v

Bi 9: Cho mch nh hnh v : UAB=6V ; khi k m th A1 ch 1,2A

Khi k ng th A1, A2 ln lt ch 1,4A ; 0,5A .b qua in tr cc
Am pe k . tnh R1? R2? R3?

A1

A
R1

R2

R3

A2

U AB

1
I AB =5 (1) ; k ng ta c : I1=IAB=IA =1,4A ; dng
in qua R2 l I2= IA 1 - IA 2 =1,4 0,5=0,9 A ; ta c UAB=U1 + U23=U1 + U2 6 = I1R1 + I2R2 6=1,4.R1 +0,9R2 (2) t (1) v (2) ta c
U3
R1=3 v R2=2 ; mt khc R3=
, m U3=U23=U2=I2.R2=0,9.2=1,8V ; I2=IA 2 =0,5A ; vy R3=3,6
I2
HD: k m dng in khng qua R3 v A2 nn ta c: IAB= IA 1 =1,2A ; R1 +R2=

Bi 10: cho mch nh hnh v : R1=3 , R2=2 ,R3=3 ,UAB=12V

Tnh RX s ch A =0 .

R1
A

R3
B

A
R2

RX

U2
U 1
=
U1 = U 2

UX
U A = 0
R R
U = U X
U 3
I1 = I 3
1 = 2 RX=2
HD: s ch ampe k A=0 suy ra I 1 = I 3 3
I
=
I
R3 R X
I 2 = I X
I 1 = I3
I 2 = I X
2
X

Bi 11: cho mch nh hnh v : R1=3 ; R2=2 ; R3=1 ,UAB=12V

R3
R1
Vn k ch 0 ; tm RX ?
A
V
R2

RX

U2
U 1
=
U 1 = U 2
U
UX
R R
U = U X
3
I1 = I 3
1 = 2 RX=2/3( )
HD: vn k ch 0 v RV= (dng in khng qua vn k) suy ra 3
I = I
R3 R X
I 1 = I3
I 2 = I X
2
X

Bi 12: cho mch nh hnh v : R1=3 ; R2=2 ; R3=1 ,UAB=12V

Vn k V ch 2V v cc dng mc vo M , in tr vn k rt ln ;
R1
R3
tm RX ?
M
A
B
V
V HU CH

v hu ich thpt nam trc

R2
HD: V RV= nn dng khng qua vn k

RX

I 1 = I 3 nn (R nt R ) //( R ntR ) suy ra U =U =U =12V ; I =I = U 13 =3A

1
3
2
4
13
2X
AB
1
13
I = I
R1 + R3
2
X

Suy ra U1=I1.R1=9V , mt khc UMN=U2 U1 suy ra U2=UMN + U1=2+9 =11V , suy ra UX= U2X U2= 12-11=1V ; mt khc
IX =I2=

U2
UX
=5,5 A , vy RX=
=0,18
R2
IX

Bi 13: cho mch nh hnh v : R1=1 ; R2=3 ,UAB=12V

in tr vn k rt ln ;
a)k m ,vn k ch 2V ,tm R3?
b) k ng , vn k ch 0 , tm R4 ?

R1

R3
M

R2
HD: a) RV= dng khng qua vn k

U3=UAB U1=10V ; suy ra R3=U3/I3=5

V
k

R4

I1 = I 3
I = I = 0 ( I2= I4=0 v k m ) U2=0 nn U1= UV=2V I3=I1=U1/R1=2A ;
2
4
U 1 = U 2
U = U 4

; b) vn k ch 0 v RV= (dng in khng qua vn k) suy ra 3

I = I
I 1 = I3
2
4

U2
U 1
=
U
U4
R R
3
1 = 2 R4=15 ( ) ( lu v R3=5 )
I
=
I
1
3
R3 R4
I 2 = I 4

Bi 14 : cho mch nh hnh v : R1=1 ; R2=3 ; R3=5 ,UAB=12V

Vn k c in tr rt ln ,v ch 1V ; tm RX ?

R1

R3

V
R2

RX

I 1 = I 3 nn (R nt R ) //( R ntR ) suy ra U =U =U =12V ; I =I = U 13 =2A

1
3
2
4
13
2X
AB
1
13
I = I
R1 + R3
2
X
U2
Suy ra U1=I1.R1=2V ,TH1: ( cc dng vn k ni vi M ) ta c UV= U2 U1 suy ra U2 =UV + U1=3V , suy ra IX= I2=
=1A ,
R2
UX
v UX=UAB U2=12-3=9V , vy RX =
=9 ; TH2:( (cc dng ni vi N) ta c UV=U1 U2 suy ra U2=U1 UV =1V , suy ra
IX
U2
UX
IX=I2=
=1/3A ; v UX=UAB U2 =12-1=11V ; vy RX=
=33
R2
IX
HD: V RV= nn dng khng qua vn k

Bi 15: Ba in tr mc nh hnh v :
_Nu UAB=100V th UCD=60V v I2=1A
_Nu UCD=120V th UAB =90V .
Tnh R1 ? R2 ? R3 ?
V HU CH

C
R2

R1

R3
D

v hu ch thpt nam trc

U2
=40 ; mt khc I3= I2=1A , suy ra
I2
U3
U2
R3=
=60/1=60 ; lc sau :R3//(R1ntR2) ; ta c U2 +U1=UCD suy ra U2=UCD U1 =UCD UAB=30V ; suy ra I1=I2=
=30/40 =3/4A
I3
R2
U 1 90
suy ra R1=
=
=120
I1 3 / 4
HD: ban u : R1 //(R2 nt R3 ) nn U2 + U3=UAB suy ra U2= UAB U3=UAB UCD=40V , vy R2=

Bi 16: Cho mch in nh hnh v :

Nu UAB=120V th UCD =30V v I3=2A
Nu UCD=120V th UAB=20V .
Tm R1? R2?R3?

C
R1

R2

R3
I2

R2
I2

I3

U3
=15 ; ta c UAB =UBE +UCD suy ra
I3
90
90 U CD
90 30
=
; mt khc ta c : I2= I2 +I3
=
+2
=
+2 R2=30 ; lc
R2
R2 R2
R2 R2

HD: gi s cng dng in nh hnh v:ban u: ta c U3=UCD=30V ; suy ra R3=

UBE=UAB UCD=90V ; suy ra I2=

U BE
R2

sau :UCD=UAB +UBE suy ra UBE=UCD UAB=100V , suy ra I2=

U 2 U BE
=
=10/3 (A) ta li c I1=I2=10/3 (A) ; m U1=UAB=20V ; suy ra
R2 R2

U 1 20
=
=6
I 1 10 3
Bi 17: Cho mch in nh hnh :
R1=R3=3 ,R2=2 , R4=1 , R5=4 , cng qua mch chnh
I=3A ; Tm
a)UAB ?
b)hiu in th 2 u mi in tr ?
c) UAD , UED ?
d) Ni D,E bng t in C=2 F . Tm in tch
ca t in ?

R1=

D
A

R5

R1
C
R2

R3
R4

HD: a) tm c UAB=18V , U5=12V ,U1=U3=3V ,U2=4V ,U4=2V ,c) UAD=U5 +U1=15V ,UED=U1 U2= - 1V ,d) Q=C.UDE=2.10-6 (C)

Bi 18 : Mt dy dn di 4m , ng knh 6mm c in tr sut l 106.10-9 m .nu t vo hai u dy mt hiu

in th 23V th cng dng in trong dy dn l bao nhiu?

l
d 2
HD: ta c R= .
; m =106.10-9 m , l=4m , S= R 2 = (
) , m d=6.10-3 m suy ra R=15.10-3 , vy I=U/R =1,5.103 A
S
2
Bi 19: Cho mch nh hnh v U=12V ,R1=24 ,R3=3,8
(R4)
C
R1
RA=0,2 ,s ch ampe k 1A
a)tm R2?
R3
A CH
D
V HU

v hu ich thpt nam trc

b)tm in nng tiu th ca on mch trong 2 pht ?
R2
c)nhit lng ta ra trn R3 trong 2 pht ?
d) cng sut tiu th trn on CD ?
+Ue)gi U khng i thay R3 bi R4 th cng sut ca R2 l :3W
tm R4?
R1 R2
U
HD: a) tac R = RA +R3 +
=
=12 R2=12 ; b) in nng tiu th l in nng cung cp cho on mch
R1 + R2 I
2
R1 R2
U CD
A=Uit=12.1.120=1440 J ; c) Q3=I32R3.t =I2R3.t =456J ; d) cng sut CD: PCD =I2CD.RCD=I2.
=8W ; e) P2=
suy ra
R1 + R2
R2
U4
U CD

I
U =6V ; suy ra I=I =I = I = R =3/4=0,75A , U =I .R =0,15V , m U = U U U =13,85V ,vy R = 4 =18,5
CD

CD

CD

CD

Bi 20: Mt bp in gm hai dy in tr . nu dung ring R1 th thi gian un si m nc l t1=15 pht ,nu

dng ring R2 th thi gian un si m nc l t2=30 pht .tm thi gian un si nc nu
a)nu R1nt R2
b) nu R1//R2

U2
t1
R1 =
U2
U2
Q
t1 =
t2
HD: U l hiu in th s dng ; Q l nhit lng cn un nc si:Q=
2
R1
R2
R2 = U t 2

Q
a)R1 nt R2 nn R=R1+R2 , thi gian cn un t ,ta c :Q=
b)R1//R2 nn R=

Q( R1 + R2 ) Q
U2
U2
t t =
=
(
t
+
t
)
= t1 + t 2 = 45 pht
1
2
R1 + R2
Q
U2
U2

R1 R2
QR R
tt
U2
t ( R1 + R2 ) t = 2 1 2
= 1 2 = 10 pht
,thi gian cn un l t ,ta c:Q=
R1 + R2
R1 R2
U ( R1 + R2 ) t1 + t 2

Bi 21: Bp in dng vi ngun U=220V

a)nu mc bp vo ngun 110V ,cng sut bp thay i bao nhiu ln?
b)mun cng sut khng gim khi mc vo ngun 110V phi mc li cun dy bp in nh th no?
P2 u 2 1
U2
u2
=
= vy gim 4 ln
HD: ban u: P1=
( R l in tr ca bp) ; lc sau:P2=
suy ra
P1 U 2 4
R
R
b)ban u : : P1=

U2
u2
r
u2 1
R
; lc sau : P1=P2=
(r l in tr lc ny ca bp) suy ra :
= 2 = r = nhn xt R > r mc song
R
r
R U
4
4

song hai na dy

Bi 22: Bp in mc vo ngun U=120V .Tng in tr ca dy ni t ngun n bp l 1 ,cng sut to

nhit trn bp l 1,1kW .Tnh cng dng in qua bp?
U
120
=
HD: R l in tr bp ,tng tr ca mch:RT = R + r =R +1 ; dng in chy trong mch cng nh qua bp l : I=
RT R + 1
2

1100= 120 .R suy ra R=11 suy ra I=10A

R +1
Bi 23: Dng bp in un nc trong m .nu ni vi bp hiu in th U1=120V , thi gian un si l t1=10
pht .cn nu U2=100V th t2=15 pht . hi nu dng U3 =80V th thi gian nc si l bao nhiu ? bit nhit
lng hao ph t l vi thi gian un .

A , mt khc P=I2.R

V HU CH

v hu ch thpt nam trc

HD: Q l nhit lng lm nc si , v R l in tr ca bp ,

q l nhit hao ph sau 1 pht un .

U 22

U 12
U 22

t 2

q
t

q
t

q
t

q
t
.
=
(a)
;
vi(U
;t
)
Q=
=
t1 1
2 2
1
2
1
R

R
R
R

2
U3

QR
1,5U 22 U 12
q .R=
q t 3 t3= 2
(1) ; thay (1) vo (a) ta c : Q.R =3(U21 U22).t1 (2) vi(U3;t3) Q=
(3)
U 3 q.R
0,5
R

vi ( U1; t1) ta c :Q=

2
1

Thay (1) ,(2) vo (3) ta c: t3=

2
1

1,5(U 12 U 22 )t1
= 25,4 pht
0,5.U 32 1,5.U 22 + U 12

Bi 24: in tr R mc vo hiu in th U=160V khng i , tiu th cng sut P=320W

a)tnh R v cng qua R ?
b) thay R bng hai in tr R1 ,R2 ni tip . R1=10 kkhi ny cng sut tiu th ca R2 l P2=480W ,tnh cng
qua R2 v gi tr ca R2 ? bit R2 chu c dng in khng qu 10A
c)vi R1 ,R2 bt k , ln (I) mc R1 ni tip R2 , ln (II) mc R1//R2 ri u mc vo hiu in th trn .Hi trng
hp no cng sut tiu th ca hai in tr ln hn v bao nhiu ln?
HD:

V HU CH