Mode

1. All classes have the same width.

2. The classes have different width.

Median

Arithmetic Mean

Grouped Data

Quartiles

Deciles

Percentiles

Average Deviation

Grouped Data

Variance

Grouped Data

Standard Deviation

Grouped Data

Coefficient of Variation

Standard Scores

Covariance

Linear Correlation Coefficient

Linear Regression
Line of Regression of y on x

Line of Regression of x on y

Central Limit Theorem

N(0, 1)

Combinatorics Formulas
Factorial of a Natural Number

Permutations

If k equals n:

Permutations with Repetition

Permutations with repetition of n elements are permuations where the first element is repeated a times, the second b times, the third c times, ...

n = a + b + c + ...

Circular Permutations

Combinations

Combinations with Repetition

Probability Formulas
0 p(A) 1

p(S) = 1

Probability Formula

Addition Rule
If A B .

p(A

B) = p(A) + p(B) p(A

B)

p(A C) + p(A

B B

C) = p(A) + p(B) + p(C) p(A C)

B) p(A

C) p(B

Multiplication Rule
Independent Events

p(A

B) = p(A) p(B)

Dependent Events

p(A

B) = p(A) p(B|A)

Conditional Probability

Independent Events

p(A|B) = p(A) Dependent Events

p(A|B) p(A)

Law of Total Probability

p(B) = p(A 1 ) p(B|A 1 ) + p(A 2 ) p(B|A 2 ) + ... + p(A n ) p(B|A n )

Bayes' Theorem

Expected Value

Variance of a Discrete Random Variable

Standard Deviation of a Discrete Random Variable

Binomial Distribution

Normal Approximation to the Binomial