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stf/÷g]kfnL hgk|ultzLn d~r
stf/sf] dftxtdf oftfoft dhb'/
x?sf] xs lxt tyf clwsf/sf]
;+ / If0f tyf cfOkg] { k] ; fut
;d:ofx?sf] ;dwfgsf lglDt
cfafhx? a'nGb ug]{ x]t'n] g]kfnL
k|ultzLn oftfoft dhb'/ d~r,
stf/sf] oxL hgj/L @# tfl/vsf
lbg bf]xfsf] 9fsf /]i6'/]G6df Ps
eAo sfo{qmdsf aLr k|yd ;fwf/0f
e] n f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . g] k fnL
hgk|ultzLn d~rsf cWoIf hgfb{g
lu/Lsf] k| d ' v cfltYodf ;DkGg
ePsf] pQm sfo{qmddf lalzi6 cltly
g] k fnL /fhb' t faf;sf dxfdlxd
/fhb't 8f= ;"o{gfy ld> /xg'ePsf]
lyof] eg] cGo cltlyx?df g]kfnL
hg k| u ltzLn d~r stf/sf
;Nnfxsf/ k| d ' v ;' z Ln v8\ s f,
dxf;lra x/L g]kfnL, ;lra lbn
s' d f/ lnDa' , ;Nnfxsf/ tyf
Joa;foL g/] G b| ;] g , ;Nnfxsf/
/fh' 8'd|], Aoaf;foL ;+3sf dxf;lra
t]h]Gb| dxt, Joa;foL ;'/h kf}8]n,
dfS;{afbL /fhg}lts laZn]ifs e"uf]n
nufotsf cltlyx?sf] pk:yLlt
/x]sf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmdsf] Jofg/
cgfa/0f tyf lbk k|Hjng ;lxt
sfo{ q mdsf] pb\ 3 f6g sfo{ q mdsf
k|d'v cltly tyf lalzi6 cltlyaf6
ul/Psf] lyof] . g]kfnL cfGbf]ngdf
zfxbt k| f Kt ug] { 1ft c1ft
zxLbx?sf] ;Ddfgdf Ps ldg]6 df}g
wf/0f;lxt ;'? ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmdsf]
;efkltTj e]nf cfof]hs ;ldltsf
;+of]hs xf]dgfy zdf{n] ug'{ePsf]
lyof] eg] ;+rfng lszf]/ ;'a]bLn]
ug{‘ ePsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmddf
cfof]hs sldl6sf tkm{af6 9'08L
/fh sf]O/fnfn] :jfut dGtJo4f/f
;Dk' 0 f{ >dhLla dhb' / x?nfO{
k]zfut xs lxtsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu
stf/ ;/sf/sf] sfg'gsf] clwgdf
/xL ;femf rf}tf/Lsf ?kdf g]kfnL
k|ultzLn oftfoft dhb'/ d~rsf]
:yfkgf ul/Psf] klg k|i6 kfg'{eof] .
pQm sfo{ q mddf g] k fnL hg
k| u ltzLn d~r, stf/n] g] k fnL
b' t faf;sf dxfdlxd /fhb' t
df3 ÷ kmfNu'0f @)^%
g]kfnL k|ultzLn oftfoft dhb'/ d~r stf/sf]
k|yd ;fwf/0f e]nf ;DkGg
d~rsf gjlgjf{lrt kbflwsf/Lx? -afof“_ /fhb'tnfO{ ;Ddfg ub}{ -bfof“ _
8f=;"o{gfy ld>nfO{ cfd >dhLla
g]kfnLx?sf] kIfdf u/]sf] sfo{sf] k|z;
+ f
ub}{ ;Ddfg u/]sf] lyof] . g]kfnL hg
k|u| ltzLn d~r stf/sf cWoIf hgfb{g
lu/L4f/f bf];Nnf cf]9fP/ tyf g]kfnL
hgk| u ltzLn d~r stf/sf
;Nnfxsf/ k|d'v z';Ln v8\sfn] k'ik
u'R5f4f/f ;Ddfg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
;Ddfg kl5 cfˆgf] cg'e'lt dGtJo
/fVb} dxfdlxd /fhb't 8f= ;"o{ gfy
ld>n] g]kfnLx? ca 7"nf] sDo'lgl6sf
?kdf stf/df :yflkt x'g nfu]sf] klg
hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . b'tfaf;df l;ldt
>f]t / ;fwg /x] klg b'tfaf;sf
sd{rf/Lx?n] lbg /ft ;xof]u u/]sf] /
;/sf/n] klg lgs6 elaiodf ;fdflhs
;]af tyf sNof0f sf]ifdf klg a[l4 ug]{
hgfsf/L lbg' eof] . !@% j6f eGbf
a9L Dofgkfj/ Ph]G;Lx?nfO{ sfaf{xLsf
nflu l;kmf/L; u/] s f] / To;sf]
k|efasf/L sfof{Gjogsf] cefadf cem}
klg g]kfnL r]nLx? stf/ cfO{ cnkq
k/]sf] klg :d/0f u/fpg'eof] . h;sf]
kfndf cfly{s :yLlt Go'g 5 ltgLx?g}
7u bnfnaf6 7luPsf] atfpb}
cfkm'nfO{ ;a} ;+3 ;+:yfn] ;xof]u
u/]df ^ dlxgf leqdf o:tf k|sf/sf
7uL, bnfnLsf] cGTo ug] { klg
hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . æPSnf] a[x:klt
em'6f] x'G5 eGb} Æ o;nfO{ dof{lbt ug{
;a}n] cf–cfˆgf] If]qaf6 ;xof]u ug'{
kg]{ / stf/ ;/sf/n] klg ;Sbf] ;xof]u
u/]sf] klg atfpg'eof] . km'nsf] u"R5f
/ bf];Nnfdf g]kfnL bfh'efO{x?sf]
cl;d dfof ufFl;Psf] / To;nfO{ ;b}a
cfkm'n] /Iff ug]{ klg atfpg' eof] .
February 2009 ;xof]u s=/L !
g]kfnL hg k|ultzLn d~rsf cWoIf
tyf pQm sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly
hgf{bg lu/Ln] b'tfaf; eg]sf] s]an
kf;kf]6{ agfpg] lgsfo dfq xf] eGg]
e|daf6 d'Qm agfO{ ;b}a >dhLlax?sf]
xs lxtsf lglDt cfafh a'nGb ug]{
b]z elQmsf Ps of]4f ePsf]n] cfkm'x?n]
;Ddfg u/]sf] klg atfpg' eof] . 7u
bnfnx? /fhb'tsf] cfudgdf ;Ddfg
u5{ g t/ xfdL /fhb' t sf] sfo{ s f]
d'NofÍg u5f}{ clg ;Ddfg u5f}{+ eGb}
sfo{sf] d'NofÍgn] g} clxn] ;Ddfg
u/]sf] klg atfpg'eof] .
sfo{qmdsf aQmf Joa;foL d~rsf
dxf;lra t]hG] b| dxtn] lkl8tsf lglDt
Pg=cf/=Pg=P= s]an efif0fdf dfq
l;ldt /x] s f] klg atfpg' eof] .
oftfoft dhb'/ d~rsf tkm{af6 af]Nb}
nId0f vltj8fn] lxhf]sf] bnfnx?sf]
cv8f ag]sf] b'tfaf; cfh >dhLla
g]kfnLx?sf] Gofono ag]sf]df v';L
JoQm ub}{ o;n] lg/Gt/tf kfpg]df
cfkm' cfzfafbL /x]sf] klg atfpg'
eof] . klxn]sf /fhb'tx?nfO{ >dhLla
lkl8tx?n] e]6]/ cfˆgf] u'gf;f] /fVg
kfpg' t sxfF xf] sxfF pN6} pkxf; x'g]
t/ clxn] To:tf] ca:yf g/x]sf] klg
atfpg'eof] .
cltlysf cf;gaf6 af]Nb} uf]/vf k|af;L
;+3sf cWoIf >Ls[i0f e§/fO{n] s]
Pg=cf/=Pg=P=sf] e" l dsf bf] x f] / f]
gful/stfnfO{ dfq xf] < eGb} Pg=cf/
=Pg=P=n] lkl8t g]kfnLx?sf] kIfdf
lsg s]xL af]Nb}g elg k|Zg klg ug'{
eof] . g]kfnL hg k|ultzLn d~rn]
lkl8t g]kfnLx?sf] kIfdf cfah a'nGb
u/]sf] / o;n] xfl;n u/]sf] Gofgf]
dfofnfO{ lg/Gt/tf sfod ug{ ;sf];
eGg] z'e]R5f klg JoQm ug'{eof] .
sfo{qmdsf cltly afdkGyL /fhg}lts
laZn]ifs e"uf]nn] dxfg\ JolQmx?n]
b'lgofF JofVof dfq} ug]{ u/]sf] / b'lgofF
abNg] la/tf dhb'/n] dfq} u5{ eGb}
o;nfO{ ;+u7Lt ug'{kg]{ wf/0ff klg
JoQm ug{ ‘ ePsf] lyof] . g] k fnL
hgk| u ltzLn d~rsf ;Nnfxsf/
;'zLn v8\sfn] oftfoft dhb'/ /
o;n] v]Ng' kg]{ e"ldsfsf af/]df
dGtJo /fVb} stf/df o;n]
k| e fasf/L e" l dsf v] N g] klg
hgfpg'eof] .
e]nfn] /d]z e§sf] cWoIftfdf @#
;b:oLo sfo{ ;ldltsf] rog u/]sf]
5 . h;df pkfWoIf4o 9'08L/fh
sf]O/fnf, ch'{g cof{n, dxf;lra
7fs'/ e§, ;lra /fhg l/dfn ,
sf]iffWoIf g]q axfb'/ 9'+ufgf tyf
;b:ox? led s]=;L, xf]d a= la=s=,
lbn a= v8\sf, l6sf/fd e08f/L,
;Gtf] i f ;' a ] b L, sdn a/fn, /fd'
j:ofn, lbk]Gb| vltj8f, xl/ s'df/
>]i7, aL/an a'9fyf]sL, ds/ a= u'?Ë,
lai0f' sfGt clwsf/L, v]d Gof}kfg],
lagf]b nfdf, s[i0f tfdfËæt'kmfgÆ,
dfg a b]asf]6f, /fh]Gb| 7fs'/ /xg'
ePsf] 5 eg] u0f] z aflgofsf]
cWoIftfdf kfFr ;b:oLo ;Nnfxsf/
;ldltsf] klg rog u/]sf] 5 h;df
;b:ox? /fh' 8'd|], v]d zdf{, >Ls[i0f
e§/fO{, uf]kfn a:g]t /xg' ePsf]5 .
ga lgaf{ l rt cWoIf /d] z e§n]
k|lta4tf dGtJo /fVb} cfkm' / g]kfnL
k|ultzLn oftfoft dhb'/ d~rn]
stf/df laBdfg /x]sf] 7uL , bnfnL
/ dfga t:s/x?sf la?4 ;a} ;+3
;+:yfx? ;+u Pstf a4 eO{ cl3
a9\g] , oftfoft dhb'/ tyf ;Dk'0f{
>dlhaL g] k fnLx?sf kIfdf
cfafhx? a'nGb kfg]{ / ;a} ;+u
;xof]usf] klg cfJxfg ug'{eof] .
ga lgaf{lrt sfo{ ;ldltnfO{ k|d'v
cltly hgf{bg lu/L, lalzi6 cltly
dxfdlxd /fhb't 8f=;"o{gfy ld>n]
;kmn sfo{sfnsf] z'esfdgf JoQm
ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
kl/alt{t o'u
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h'6f} /fli6«otfsf] kIfdf
;fdl/s@ ;DkfbsLo
lx;fan] cToGt} ;+ab] gzLn d'ns ' g]kfnsf]
cl:dtfdfly ef/tLo la:tf/afbn] k6s–k6s wfjf
; Joj:yf xf] . ;fdGtjfbL /fHo
af]ln/x]sf] 5 . ;'uf}nL;lGwb]lv otf ;':tf, sfnfkfgL,
dx]zk'/ dxfsfnL, 6gsk'/ hxfF;'s} xf]; g]kfnL
cfdfdfly lbgbxf8} anfTsf/ eO/x]sf]5 .o;} qmddf
xfn} ;Ldf ;'/Iff ansf] gfddf ef/tLo ;'/Iffb:tfn]
kz'kltgu/l:yt cGt'8fF8fsf] la;f}+ /f]kgL hUuf
sAhf u/]sf lyP . o;/L v'Nn]cfd /fli6«otf anTsf/
eO/xbf ;d]t la:tf/afb la?4 cfafh p7fpg]x?
6'sL afn]/ vf]Hg'kg]{ l:ytLsf] l;h{gf ePsf] 5 .
lautsf gfnfos ;/sf/sf] cfˆgf] :jfy{ k'lt{sf
nflu æTjd\ z/0fd\ÆeGg] cfTd;dk{0fjfbL z}nLs}
sf/0f ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbn] cfÎgf] anldRofOnfO{
a9fpb} nlu/fv]sf] 5 .
Eff/t / g]kfn lar xfn;Dd :ki6 l;df+sg x'g
;s]sf] 5}g . b'O b]z larsf] l;df Joa:yfkgdf
k6sk6s ;xdlt / s]xL sfo{x? ;d]t eP t/
x/]s k|so[ fnfO{ nDJofpb} cfO/x]sf]n] ef/tsf] leqL
lgot :ki6 eO;s]sf] 5 . :ki6 l;df+sg gug]{ /
g]kfnL e'ld ldRb} hfg] bf]wf/] rl/q ca cGTo
x'g'k5{ . g]kfnsf] /fhgLlt cl:y/ agfO cfÎgf]
:jfy{ cg's'n rNg afWo kfg]{ sfo{ u/fpg ;lqmo
ef/tLo bnfnx? / ltgsf s] x L lk5nUu'
g]kfnLx?sf sf/0f /fli6«o cy{tGq ;d]t w/f;foL
x'b} uO/x]sf] 5 . kz'kltgfy dlGb/sf] k'hf/L lgo'lQm
;DaGwL 36gfn] klg ef/tLo x:tIf]ksf] gf+uf] ?kdf
k|b{zg ul/ ;s]sf] 5 . o;/L ;fdflhs, cfly{s ,
/fhg}lts , ;fF:s[lts x/]s If]qdf eO/x]sf]
ef/tLo babafsf] slxn];Dd g]kfnLx?n] r'krfk
;lx a:g] eGg] k|Zg clxn] HjnGt ?kdf pl7/x]sf]
5 . Oltxf;df aL/–uf]vf{nLsf gfddf laZjd}
klxrfg /fv]sf g]kfnLx? ca lg/x g]kfnL eGg]
klxrfgdf l;ldt ePsf 5g\ eGg] kSs} xf]Ogg\
t;y{ tdfd b] z eQm hg;d' x nfO{ /fi6« /
/fli6«otfsf] ;afndf Ps l9Ssf agfO{ la:tf/afbsf]
la?4df k|lt/f]w cleofg ;~rfng ul/g' kb{5 .
Kf6sk6s gofF ;+lawfg hf/L ePsf] g]kfndf x/]s
;+lawfgn] /fli6«o l;dfsf] ;DaGwdfæ;+lawfg hf/L
x'bfFsf] avt sfod /x]sf] e'–efu g} g]kfnL e'dL
x'g]5ÆeGg] aF'bf /fVb5 . t/ ;+lawfg hf/L x'g'
eGbf cl3 s] slt e' efu lyof] / clxn] slt 5
eGg] n]vfhf]vf s;}n] /fv]sf] kfOb}g . o;}
cGof] n tfsf] kmfObf p7fpb} ef/tn] cl:y/
kl/:yLlt ;[hgf ub}{ gofF ;+lawfg lgdf{0f ug]{ ;do
j/k/df g]kfnL e'efu sAhf ug]{ qmdnfO{ lta| kfb}{
cfPsf] b]lvG5 . olb o; tkm{ ;dodf g} ;r]ttf
gckgfpg] xf] eg] xfd|f] lgotL ;w} o:t} x'g]5 /
xfd|f efla k':tfn] xfdLnfO{ lwsfg]{ 5g\ .
tdfd ;d:ofx?af6 s] b]lvG5 eg] xfdL leq
/fi6«afbsf] efagf hfu[t x'g ;s] ;do cem} 5 /
xfdL g]kfnLx? sd;]sd /fli6«otfsf] ;afndf Ps
h'6 x'g ;Sof} eg] klg /fi6« / /fli6«otfsf] cl:tTj
hf]ufpg ;S5f} t;y{ c;dfg ;lGw;Demf}tfsf]
vf/]]hL tyf ef/tn] clxn];Dd n'6]sf] e'dL
lkmtf{;lxt ;Ldf+sg ug{ ;/sf/L ta/af6} kxn
ug'{k5{ . v'Nnf l;dfgfsf sf/0f b'a} b]zsf] ;'/
Iffdf c;/ kg]{ l:ylt b]lvPsf]n] v'nf l;dfgfnfO{
;bfsf nflu cGt ub}{ Joal:yt gfsfaf6 dfq
cfjt hfjt ug{ ;lsg] pkfosf] vf]hL ug'{ kb{5 .
t;y{ ;Dk'0f{ Gofok|]dL / b]z eQm hg;d'bfox?
ca xfdL kl/Iffsf] o; 38Ldf v/f] pqg ;s]dfq
xfdL ;a}sf] sNof0f x'g] 5 /fi6« / hgtfsf] cl:tTj
;+/If0f x'g]5 .
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;j{xf/fju{n] dfq k'h“ Ljfbsf] lrxfg vGg ;S5
k'“hLjfbL Joj:yf juL{o ;dfhsf]
clGtd cj:yf xf] . k'“hLjfbL /fHo
Joj:yf ;fdGtjfbL /fHoJoj:yfeGbf
Ps sbd cufl8sf] k|ultzL /fHo
Joj:yfnfO{ lgif]w u/]/ dfq k'“hLjfbL
/fHoJoj:yfsf] hGd ePsf] xf] . cyf{t\
;fdGtjfbL /fHo Joj:yfsf] lrxfgdf
pleP/ g} k'“hLjfbL /fHoJoj:yfn]
cfÎgf] /fHo v8f u/] s f] xf] .
sfn{ d fS;{ s f] ;dfh ljsf;sf]
qmdcg' ; f/ k' “ h Ljfb /fHoJoj:yf
kZrft\ dfgj ;dfhdf csf]{ gof“
juL{o /fHoJoj:yfsf] cl:tTj /xg]
5}g . t/ k'“hLjfb r/d ljsf; u/]/
clxn] ktgzLn ;fd|fHojfbdf k|j]z
ul/;s]sf] 5 /,;fd|fHojfb k'“hLjfbsf]
clGtd cj:yf xf] .
dhb"/ju{sf] r/d cfly{s zf]if0f
ug' { , pTkfbgsf ;fwgx?nfO{
Psnf}6L?kdf k|of]u ug'{, Psflwsf/
jfbL k' “ h L ;~rfng ug' { / ;f/f
wg;DklQdfly a|Xdn'6 dRrfP/ cs't
;DklQ s'DNofpg' tyf k'“hLsf] ;~ro
ug{‘ k'“hLjfbsf] d'Vo Wo]o xf] . o;
ljifodf sfn{dfS;{ / k|m]8l/s P+u]N;n]
o;/L AofVof ug'{ ePsf] 5– …k'“hL
;~rosf] k|lqmof Pp6f To:tf] k|lqmof
xf], h;df k'“hLklt emg\ wgL x'“b} hfG5
/ ;j{xf/fju{ emg\ ul/a x“'b} hfG5 .
of] To:tf] k|lqmof klg xf], h;df
k' “ h LjfbL pTkfbg ;DaGwx? /
pTkfbs zlQmx?sf] cGtlj{/f]w klg
pQ/f] Q / w] / } tLvf] x' “ b } hfG5 .
k' “ h LjfbL cy{ J oj:yfsf] ljsf;
k|lqmofdf 5l/Psf, PSnf] kf/]sf /
;fgf] dfqfsf lghL pTkfbgx? 7"nf]
dfqfsf ;fdflhs pTkfbgdf
ablnG5g\ . k' “ h Ljfbdf ;fdflhs
pTkfbgsf] ljsf;sf b'O{ kIf x'G5g\
M k| y d k' “ h LjfbL sf/vfgf lghL
b:tsf/sf] ;fgf] sfo{zfnfeGbf a]Un}
x'G5 . b:tsf/n] cfÎgf] sfo{zfnfdf
PSn} g} pTkfbgsf] k|lqmof k'/f ub{5 .
k'“hLjfbL sf/vfgfdf bzf}+, ;os8f}+,
xhf/f}+ dhb"/x? ljleGg sfo{zfnfx?
/ ljefux?df af“ l 8Psf x' G 5g\ .
pgLx?n] k' “ h Lkltx? / ltgsf
bnfnx?sf] cfb] z cGtu{ t >d
ljefhg / ;xsfo{ d fkm{ t \ dfn
pTkfbg ub{5g\ . låtLo, >dljefhg
lg/Gt/ ljsl;t x'“b} hfG5 . pTkfbg
w]/} eGbf w]/} ljz]ifLs[t x“b} hfG5 .
;fdflhs pTkfbgdf ljleGg ljefu
/ pBf]ux? Ps csf{l;t ;fdflhs
ljefhg / sf/vfgfleq ltgsf]
ljefhgaf6 pkh, JolQmut sfo{x?sf]
>[ + v nfaf6 ;fdflhs sfo{ x ?sf]
>[ + v nfdf ?kfGt/0f x' g hfG5 .
JolQmut pkhaf6 ;fdflhs pkhdf
?kfGt/ x'g hfG5 .Ú -k|m]8l/s P+u]N;–
8\o'xl/ª dtv08g tyf dfS;{–P+u]N;,
;+slnt /rgfx? v08– # ._
k'“hLjfbL Joj:yfdf v/fb d]lzg,
df]6/, ;'tL sk8f / 5fnfsf h'Qf
w]/}h;f] dhb'/x?sf] ;+o'Qm >dsf
pkh x'G5g\ . t/ …of] d]/f] pkh xf]Úeg]/
s;}n] eGg ;Sg] cj:yf x'b“ g} . pTkfbgsf]
k|lqmof ;fdflhs x'g hfG5 t/ pTkfbgsf
;fwg / ;fdflhs >dsf] pkhdf
;dfhsf] :jfldTj x' “ b } g . To;df
k'“hLkltsf] g} :jfldTj x'G5 . To;/L
;fdflhs pTkfbg / k'“hLjfbL lghL
:jfldTjsf aLr cGtlj{/f]w k}bf x'G5 .
of] k'“hLjfbsf] cfwf/e't cGtlj{/f]w xf] .
k'“hLjfbL lghL :jfldTjn] 7"nf] :s]nsf]
;fdflhs pTkfbgsf] ljsf;nfO{
g/fd|/L afwf kfb{5 . k'“hLjfbL pTkfbg
;DaGwn] pTkfbs zlQmx?sf] ljsf;nfO{
w]/} eGbf w]/} afwf kf5{ / pgLx?sf]
v'§fsf] g]n aGg hfG5 . vfnL lghL
:jfldTjsf] ljgfz / hgjfbL x' “ b }
;dfhjfbL ;fd'lxs :jfldTjsf] :yfkgf
tyf k'“hLjfbL pTkfbg ;DaGwx?nfO{
x6fP/ ;dfhjfbL pTkfbg ;DaGwx?nfO{
:yfkgf u/]/ g} of] cfwf/e't cGtlj{/f]w
xn ug{ ;lsG5 . To; sf/0f k'“hLjfbsf]
ljgfz / ;dfhjfbsf] pTsif{ P]ltxfl;s
ljsf;sf] ckl/xfo{ k|j[lQ xf], h;nfO{
s;}sf] OR5fn] abNg ;Sb}g . t/ ;dfh
ljsf;sf qmddf k'“hLjfbnfO{ x6fP/
;dfhjfb :yfkgf ug]{ P]ltxfl;s k|lqmof
:jtM:km't{ 9+un] ;DkGg x'g ;Sb}g .
k'“hLjfbL Joj:yfaf6 kmfObf lngsf] nflu
k'“hLjfbL ju{n] ;fdflhs kl/jt{gnfO{
x/xfntdf /f]Sg] sf]l;; ub{5 . Tof]
kl/jt{g Nofpgsf] nflu Pp6f o:tf]
;fdflhs zlQm x'g' clgjfo{ 5, hf]
k' “ h LjfbL ju{ s f] k| l t/f] w nfO{ bafpg
;sf] ; \ . Tof] ;fdflhs zlQm xf] –
;j{xf/fju{ . of] ;j{xf/f ju{ ;g\ !*$&
df sfn{dfS;{ / k|m]8l/s P+u]N;n] lgdf{0f
u/] s f] sDo' l gi6 lnusf] dfWodaf6
;+ul7t ?kdf cf}Bf]lus ;j{xf/f ju{sf]
pbo ePsf] xf] . o;nfO{ ;g\ !*$* df
dfS;{ – P+ u ] N ;åf/f 3f] i f0ff ul/Psf]
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] 3f]if0ff kqn] ;}4flGts
/ ;f+u7lgs ?kdf n}; kfg]{ sfdsf]
z'?jft u¥of] . /, dfS;{jfb ;j{xf/f
ju{sf] d'lQmsf] ;}4flGts xltof/ aGg
k'Uof] . dfS;{jfbL lzIffn] n}; eP/ p
lglZrt?kdf k' “ h LjfbL Aoj:yfnfO{
pv]n]/ kmfNg hfu[t x'G5 . o; ljifodf
k'gM dfS;{ / P+u]N;n] eGg'ePsf] 5–
…;fdflhs pTkfbg / k' “ h LjfbL
cflwkTosf jLrsf] cGtlj{/f]w ;j{xf/f
ju{ / k' “ h LjfbL ju{ s f aLrsf]
cGtlj{/f]wsf] ?kdf cleJoQm x'G5 .Ú -
dfS;{ P+u]N;,– ;+slnt /rgfx?– v08–
# / P+u]N;– 8\o'xl/Ë dtv08g ._
k'“hL ;~rosf] k|lqmofdf ;j{xf/f
ju{ tLa| ultdf kl/kSj aGb5 / To;sf]
tf“ t L a9\ b } hfG5 . k' “ h L ;~ro /
lj:tfl/t k' g ?Tkfbgsf] k| l qmof
hLljsf] k fh{ g sf ef} l ts ;fwgx?sf]
lj:tfl/t k'g?Tkfbg dfq geP/ k'h “ LjfbL
pTkfbg ;DaGwx?sf] klg la:tfl/t
k'g?Tkfbg x'G5 . Psflt/ o;n] emg
7"nf k'“hLkltx?nfO{ x'sf{p“5 eg] csf]{lt/
emg a9L ef8fsf dhb'/x? k}bf ub{5 .
To;/L k'“hL ;~rosf] k|lqmofn] vfnL
k'“hLjfbsf] ljgfzsf l:yltx? cyf{t\
@
x:taxfb'/ s];L
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pTkfbg dfq tof/ ug] { geP/
k' “ h Ljfbsf] lrxfg vGg] ;j{ x f/f
ju{nfO{ klg hGd lbG5 . o; ljifodf
dfS;{ / P+u]N;n] k'gM eGg'ePsf] 5–
…k'“hLjfbL ju{n] vfnL :jo+ cfÎgf]
ljgfzsf] xltof/ dfq agfPg, clkt'
p;n] tL xltof/ pkof] u ug] {
cfw'lgs dhb'/nfO{ cyf{t ;j{xf/f
au{nfO{ k|lzlIft u/]sf] 5 .Ú -dfS;{–
P+u]N; ;+slnt /rgfx? v08 ! ._
dfgj ;dfhdf ;j{ x f/fju{
k'“hLjfbsf] pb\ej;“u;“u} b]vf k¥of]
/ k'“hL ;~rosf] k|lqmofdf ;'b[9 /
ju{ ;r] t aGof] . k' “ h L ;+ r osf]
ljsf;;+ u } ;j{ x f/f ju{ s f] tf“ t L
nuftf/ a9\b} uof] . 7"nf] :s]nsf]
;fdflhs pTkfbg;“u} ;+u7gfTds
?kdf cg' z f;ga4 x' “ b } uof] /
;j{xf/fsf] bl/b|Ls/0f;Fu} ;j{xf/f /
k'“hLklt ju{sf jLrsf] cGtlj{/f]w
pQ/f]Q/ u+eL/ aGb} uof] . ju{;+3if{sf
cg'ejx? dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfbn] n};
eP/ ;j{xf/fju{ qmflGtsf/L /fkn]
vfl/Psf] cu|ufdL ju{ aGg k'Uof] .
;dfh ljsf;sf] qmddf k'“hL
;+ r osf] k| l qmofdf ;fdflhs
pTkfbgsf] hf] 8 bf/ ljsf; eP/
To:tf] cj:yfdf k'Ug' cjZo+efjL 5,
ha lj:kmf]6s ?k lnO;s]sf] k'h “ LjfbL
pTkfbg ;DaGwn] To;nfO{ s'g} klg
xfntdf ;DxfNg ;Sg] l:yltdf
/xGg . o; ljifodf dfS;{n] k'0f{
ljZjf;sf ;fy 3f]if0ff ug'{ePsf] 5–
…of] ad lj:kmf]6g x'g] l:yltdf 5,
k'“hLjfbL lghL :jfldTjsf] d[To'sf]
306L aHg] l:yltdf 5 . /, n'6]/fx?sf]
;+klQx/0f ul/g]5 .Ú -sfn{dfS;{– k'“hL
v08– !, / dfS;{ P+u]N;, ;+slnt /
rgfx? v08 @# ._
k'h“ Ljfbn] hlt–hlt k'h
“ Lsf] ;+ro
u¥of] , To;n] k' “ h Ljfbsf] d[ T o'
;'lglZrt ub}{ nUof] / ;dfhjfbsf]
hLtnfO{ ckl/xfo{ t' N ofof] / of]
k'“hLjfbsf] P]ltxfl;s kl/0ffd aGg
k' U of] . ;g\ !*&! df k] l /;sf]
;j{xf/f ju{n] k]l/; sDo'gdfkm{t\
klxnf]k6s k'“hLjfbL ju{sf] lrxfg
vg]/ ;r]t ljZjdfgj Oltxf;df
P]ltxfl;s ;fx;sf] yfngL u¥of] .
;g\ !(!& cS6'j/ @% tfl/vsf lbg
/l;ofnL ;j{xf/f ju{n] Oltxf;sf]
bf] ; | f ] k+ l Qmdf pleP/ k' “ h Ljfbsf]
lrxfgdfq} vg] g ls k' “ h LjfbL
;fd|fHojfbnfO{ ;d]t ToxL lrxfgdf
k'l/lbof] hf] ?;L cS6'a/ ;dfhjfbL
qmflGtsf] gfdn] ljZjk|Voft 5 .
To;kl5 rLg, pQ/ sf] l /of,
leotgfd, So'jf nufotsf ljZjsf
@) cf}+ /fi6«sf ;j{xf/fju{n] cf–cfÎgf]
b]zsf ;fdGtjfbL k'“hLjfbnfO{ Ps}
lrxfgdf k'l/lbP . cfhsf] @! cf}+
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qmd hf/L 5 . ctM k'“hLjfbsf] lrxfg
vGg] csf]{ ju{ o; dfgj ;dfhdf
5}g\ .
kl/alt{t o'u
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
cn jfqmf If]q :t/Lo k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg
cn jfqmf ÷ g]kfnL hg k|ultzLn
d~r bf]xf stf/sf] s]lGb|o sfo{
;ldltsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ las]Gb|Lt If]q
:t/Lo k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd cGt/ut
oxL hgj/L ( tfl/vsf lbgdf cn
jfqmf If]qdf d~rsf s]lGb|o ;b:o
s= lai0f' b]asf]6fsf] pk:yLltdf Ps
a[xt k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . pQm k| l zIf0f sfo{ q mdsf]
cWoIftf jqmf & g+ P/Lof -gofF jqmf_
sf cWoIf s= u'0fg s'df/ >]i7n] ug{‘
ePsf] lyof] eg] P/Lof g+ # sf cWoIf
s= o'a/fh kf}8n] , P/Lof g+ ^sf cWoIf
dx]Gb| s'j“/ tyf d':tkmf sDkgLsf
tkm{af6 s= e'ag ;'Jjfsf] laz]if
pk:yLlt /x]sf] lyof] .
k|dv
' cltlysf] cfzgaf6 af]Nb} s]lGb|o
;b:o s= lai0f' b] a sf] 6 fn] hg
k|ultzLn d~r :ykgfsf] pb]Zo tyf
cn jfqmf If]qn] v]Ng' kg]{ e'ldsf
dfly k|sfz kfg{‘ ePsf] lyof] . cltly
o'a/fh kf}8]nn] dfga t:s/x?sf]
klxrfg ul/ pgLx?nfO{ ;+u7gn]
lj:tf/jfbL x:tIf]klj?4 d~rsf] lj1KtL
ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbn]g]kfnsf] Onfd
l:yt cGt'8f8fdf u/]sf] jL;f} /f]kgL
hUuf cltqmd0fsf lj?4 g] k fnL
hgk| u ltzLn d~r stf/n] Ps
lj1KtL k|sflzt ul/ lj/f]w hgfPsf]
5 . d~rsf cWoIf hgfb{g lu/L4f/f
x:tfIfl/t lj1KtLsf] k'0f{kf7 o;k|sf/
5 M–blIf0f Pl;ofdf cfˆgf] bfbflu/L
b]vfpb} cfO/x]sf] ef/tLo la:tf/afbn]
g]kfnsf] ef}uf]lns hl6ntfsf] kmfObf
p7fpb} lg/Gt/ cfly{s , ;fdflhs,
/fhg}lts, wfld{s dfq xf]Og ef}uf]lns
x:tIf]k ;d]t ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 .
gfnfos g] t [ T jsf sf/0f d' n ' s n]
;'uf}nL ;lGw b]vL lg/Gt/ c;dfg
;lGwx? dfkm{t /fli6«otfsf] klxrfg
u'dfpg] qmddf laz]if u/L /fli6«o
e'uf]n ;d]t u'dfpb} cfO/x]sf] tLtf]
oyfy{ xfdL ;fd' l5k]sf] 5}g . ax'bnLo
Joa:yfsf] axfnL kZrft o; k|s[ofn]
cem lta|tf kfPsf] 5 . sfnfkfgL,
;':tf, s}nfnL, s~rgk'/,dx]zk'/ dfq}
xf]Og xfn} Onfdsf] kz'kltgu/l:yt
ko{6sLo If]q cGt'8fF8f dfly @) cf}+
/f]kgL hUuf sAhf ub}{ ef/tLo l;df
;'/Iff ansf] SofDk ;d]t lgdf{0f
ePsf] va/n] tdd /fi6« e Qm
g]kfnLx?nfO{ ddf{xt t'NofPsf] 5 .
lg/Gt/ ?kdf eO/x]sf] o; k|sf/sf]
ef/tLo an ldrfO{ / gfËf] x:tIf]ksf]
s]an la/f]w dfq u/]/ gk'Ug] s'/fsf]
ultlawL ÷l/kf]6{
gfË]emf/ agfpg ;kmn ePsf] / efla
lbgx?df cem} ;;St 9+uaf6 ;Dk'0f{
>dhLlax?sf] dfunfO{ h'emf? 9+un]
cl3 a9fpg' kg]{s'/fdf hf]8 lbg' eof] .
d':tkmf sDkgLsf k|ltlglw s=e'ag
;'Jjfn] ;Dk'0f{ ;b:ox? larf/df cem}
:ki6 / lgle{s eO{ ;;St 9+un] cl3
a9\g' kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbb} ;+u7gdf x'g
;Sg] 3';k}7sf] klg a]n}df ;r]t x'g'
kg]{ s'/f dfly k|sfz kfg{‘ eof] . laleGg
;dfh;]afsf] vf]n cf]8]/ d~rnfO g}
w/f;foL agfpg ;Sg] x'“bf ;+u7gnfO{
arfpg ;a} ;b:ox?sf] e'ldsf cx+
x'g] x'gfn] cf–cfÎgf] If]qdf cl3 a9\g
;a} ;+u clkn ug{‘ eof] . jqmf OsfO{
g+ & sf cWoIf tyf pQm k|lzIf0f
sfo{qmdsf cWoIf s= u'0fg s'df/ >]i7n]
cfufdL lbgx?df lhDd] j f/Lk' a { s
;+u7gsf] sfd st{JonfO{ cl3 a9fpg'
kg]{ tyf l5§} g} cn jfqmf If]lqo
;ldltsf] tof/ u/L ;+u7gnfO ;'b[9
agfO cl3 a9\g] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L klg
lbg' ePsf] lyof] .
k' l i6 lautsf 36gfx?af6 ;d] t
eO/x]sf] 5 . t} klg ;/sf/L ta/af6
a}wflgs ?kdf lautb]vLsf ;Dk'0f{
c;dfg ;lGw ;Demf}tfx? vf/]hul/
/fli6«o lxt cg's'nsf] ;Demf}tf ug{
tyf b'O{ b]z larsf] l;dfnfO{ a}1flgs
9+uaf6 Joal:yt ub}{ l;df laafbnfO{
;bfsf] nflu cGTo ug{ ;/sf/;+u
hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5f}+ .
cGoyf ;/sf/L :t/af6 tTsfn ;d:of
;dwfgsf] k|s[of z'? geP jf k|s[of
;kmn x'g g;s]df /fli6«o :jfledfgsf]
/Iffy{ ef/tLo la:tf/afbsf] la?4df
Ps h'6 eO{ s8f k|lt/f]wdf pqg ;d]t
;Dk'0f{ b]z eQm hg;d'bfo ;+u xflb{s
clkn ub{5f}+ .
d~rsf] OsfO{ ;ldlt u7g
;+u7g lj:tf/s} l;nl;nfdf g]kfnL
hgk|ultzLn d~r stf/sf] d'/f{df
Ps OsfO{ ;ldltsf] u7g ePsf] 5
. g]kfnL hgk|ultzLn d~rsf s]lGb|o
cWoIf hgfb{g lu/Lsf] pkl:ytLdf
ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmdn] /fhb]j d08nsf]
cWoIFtfdf pQm OsfO{ ;ldltsf]
lgdf{0f u/]sf] xf] . h;sf] pkfWoIF,
;lrj, ;x;lrj, / sf] i ffWoIfdf
qmd;M /fdcf}tf/ ;fx, /fd l;+xf;g
rf}w/L, d'Nnf ;fx / b]a dxtf] /x]sf
5g\ eg] ;b:ox?df hn]Zj/ ;fx,
lzas'df/ d08n nufotsf 5g\ .
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d'/f{df IfF]lqo ;ldlt
g]kfnL hgk|ultzLn d~r stf/sf] u/]sf] oyfy{ w]/} k'/fgf] /x]sf] s'/f
Ps sfo{ q mdsf jLr d' / f{ IF] l qo /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . ;f] sfo{qmddf cWoIF
;ldltsf] u7g ePsf] 5 . g]kfnL lu/Ln] ækz'kltdf g]kfnL k'hf/L lgo'lQm
hgk|ultzLn d~r stf/sf s]lGb|o ubf{ w' “ j fbf/ lj/f] w u/] / ef/tLo
cWoIf hgfb{g lu/Lsf] k|dv
' cfltYodf k' h f/L g} lgo' Q mL ug' { k 5{ eGg] /
;DdkGg ePsf] lyof] . pQm ca;/df ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbn] g]kfnL e'ld sAhf
af]Nb} d~rsf s]lGb|o cWoIF hgfb{g ul//xbf d's bz{s x'g] / b'nfleq n's/]
lu/Ln] afdkGyLx?sf] w'|jLs/0f;+u;+u} a:g] u/]sf bnx?sf] x}l;ot g]kfnL
clxn] /fi6«jfbLx? klg Psh'6 x'g'kg]{ hgtfn] b]lv;s]sf] egfO{ JoQm ug'{
a]nf cfPsf] ljrf/ JoQm ug'{ePsf] ePsf] lyof] .
lyof] . csf{sf] rfs8L ug{ vKkL; /fhs'df/ dxtf]sf] cWoIFtfdf u7g
aiff}{;Dd ;Qfdf a|Dxn'6 dRrfP/ ePsf] ;f] If]lqo ;ldltdf pkfWoIFdf
a;]sf bn tyf To;sf lk5nUu'x? /fh]Gb| 7fs'/ ;lrjdf /fh]Gb|k; | fb eut
s'/fdf 7'nf 7'nf /fli6«otfsf] efif0f ;x;lrjdf /fd slj/ kf;jfg tyf
5f6\g] / hxf“ Jojxf/df b]vfpg'kg]{ sf]iffWoIFdf pbogf/fo0f dxtfs]f rog
a] n f cfp5 clg lj/f] w u/] / ul/Psf] 5 eg] b'O{ hgf ;b:o kl5
k| l tlqmofjfbLx?sf] lsQfdf k' U g] yKg] lg0f{o ul/Psf] 5 .
b'vfgdf Pl/of ;ldlt k'gu
{ l7t
b'vfg÷k|jf;L g]kfnLx?dfem stf/ ltj|tf lbg'kg]{ jtfpg'eof] . To:t}
df pRr cl:tTj jf]s]sf] g]kfnL ;x;lrj u0f]z /fO{n] /f]hufl/sf nflu
hgk|ultzLn d~rn] ljleGg hgd'vL ljb]lzPsfx?sf] ;+u7g ePsfn] ;j}
sfo{x?sf ;fy} ;+u7g lj:tf/dfklg ;b:ox? jiff}{+;Dd sfod} /xg] l:ylt
pNn]Vo ;kmntf xfl;n ul//x]sf] gePklg iki6 sfo{lbzfsf ;fy cl3
5 . o;}qmddf d~rsf] b'vfg If]lqo j9] s fn] d~rn] ;+ u 7gsf] lg/Gt/
;ldlt cGtu{t lhlqmt Pl/of g+ ! ljsf;, lj:tf/sf ;fy} j}rfl/s ?kdf
sf] ;ldlt k'gu{7g ul/Psf] 5 . pQm ;Ifd hgzlQm ;d]t pTkfbg ug{
;ldltdf cWoIf kbd v8\ s f, ;kmn ePsf] wf/0ff /fVg'eof] .
pkfWoIfdf z}n]Gb| s'df/ zfx / bzjif]{ hgo'4sf] gof“ r/0f;+u} jt{dfg
gj/fh lj=s= 5g\ eg] ;lrj, cj:yfdf ;fdlGtju{n] ;j}lt/jf6 xf/
;x;lrj, sf]iffWoIf / ;xsf]iffWoIfdf sf] g/fd|f] :jfb rflv;s]sf] 5 eGb}
qmdzM cgLn j'9fdu/, u0f]z /fO{, If]qLo cWoIf gljg ;'jb] Ln] cem} cfˆgf]
c:t /fO{ tyf k~rdfg /fO{ /x]sf cl:tTj hf] u fpg k| o f;/t To:tf
5g\ . To;}ul/ ;b:ox?df k'0f{ jxfb'/ k|j[lQx? lj?4 cjsf] 4G4 s]lGb|t
lhod, k| ] d u' ? + u , Zofd /fO{ , /x]sf] jtfpg'eof] . pxf“n] j}b]lzs
vlu/fh /fO{, b'uf{ lj=s=, lgdf tfdf‘u, /f]hufl/sf If]qdf b]lvPsf 7lu bnfnL
nId0f kf08] cflb /x] s f 5g\ . lj?4 PSn} k|ltsf/ ub}{ cfO{/x]sf]
sfo{qmddf jf]Nb} gjul7t ;ldltsf d~rsf] cfjfhnfO{ k|ltlqmofjfbL ;+3
;lrj clgn j'9fdu/n] xfn;Dd ;+:yfx?n] ;d]t l:jsf/ / cg';/0f
k|jf;df b]lvPsf ljs[ltx? x6fpg ug{ jfWo x'g' ljhoL z'?jft xf] eGg'eof]
tyf ;+u7gnfO{ ljz'4 ;fdflhs— . If]qLo ;ldltsf ;Dk'0f{ kbflwsfl/
j}rfl/s ?kdf cl3 j9fpg ;lqmo x?n] cf—cfˆgf] dGtJo /fv]sf] ;f]
e'ldsf lgjf{x ub}{ cfO{/x]sf] d~rn] sfo{ q mddf d~rsf s] l Gb| o ;b:o
;+ u 7gsf] cf8df e| d sf] e/t 9sfnn] ;d;fdoLs
v]ltug]{x?sf] e08fkmf]/ ub}{ ljrf/ ;jfnx?dfyL ;l6s ljZn] i f0f
sf] ;lx ;Dk|]if0f ug]{ sfo{nfO{ cem ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
g]kfnL hg k|ultzLn d~r stf/sf] dfl;s a'n]l6g ækl/alt{t o'uÆ
k|sflzt ePsf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt ;a}df u/fOG5 . t;y{ cfˆgf n]v,
/rgf, ;dfrf/,;Nnfx, ;'emfa tyf k|ltlqmofx?sf nflu ;Dks{ ug'{ x'g
;a}df xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f} .
g]kfnL hg k|ultzLn d~r
s]lGb|o k|sfzg laefu
E-mail:py.nppfqatar@gmail.com
 kl/alt{t o'u
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lrlgof” sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] ;+lIfKt Oltxf; / s= dfcf]
rLgsf] xf] g fg k| b ] z sf] :ofªtfg
lhNnfsf] ;fp ;fª\ r'ªdf ;g\ !*(#
sf] clGtd dlxgfsf] @^ cf}+ lbgdf
hGd]sf afnssf] lktfsf] gfd s'g;]g\
lyof] . pgL Hofb} ul/j t/ cUnf] /
x6\6f–s6\6f z/L/ ePsf lyP . pgn]
s]xL jif{ l;kfxLsf] hflu/ vfP/ cfkm\gf]
aGbsdf /fv]sf] hdLg lkmtf{ u/] .
pgn] To; kl5sf] af“ls ;do v]lt
ls;fgL tyf df;' Jofkf/df vr{ u/] .
log} ls;fgsf 5f]/f dfcf]T;]t'Ë ;d[4
rLgsf] nf]slk|o g]tf ag] .
d]xg]tL / kl/>d dfcf]T;]t'Ë ;ft
aif{sf] ;fgf] pd]/df g} cfkm\gf cfdf
afa'nfO{ ;xof]u ug'{x'GYof] . dGr'
zf;gsf] e| i 6« r f/ / cTofrf/sf]
sf/0f hgtfn] p;nfO{ 3[0ff ub{y] .
hgtf of] ;d:of r'krfk ;xg ug]{
kIfdf lyPgg\ . cfkm'dfly cTofrf/sf]
kxf8 v;fNg] a]nfdf dGr'zf;g lz+x
h:tf] b]lvG5 t/ ljb]zL uf]/fx?sf]
cufl8 pm leh]sf] lj/fnf] h:tf] 5
eGg] s'/f klg hgtfn] b]lv;s]sf lyP
. oL b'j} kIfsf] lj?4df ls;fgx?sf]
…dGr' x6fcf}+ / ldËnfO{ /fvf}+Ú eGg]
gf/fsf ;fy Oxf] T jfg\ -afs;/
cfGbf]ng_ ;'? u/] . of] cfGbf]ngnfO{
bjfpg dGr'x?n] ljb]zL ;xof]u dfu]
. cf7j6f /fi6« n ] ;] g f v6fP/
ljb|f]xLx?nfO{ bdg u/] . /fhwfgL
k]lsËdf ljb]zL ;]gfn] n'6kf6 ub}{
…k]lsË ;lGwÚsf] lgdf{0f u/] / gLltut
?kdf lrgLof“ hgtfdfly zf]if0fsf]
hfnf] lkmhfP .
dfcf]T;]t'Ë, ;g\ !()) df of] cfGbf]ng
;'? x'“bf ;ft jif{sf] dfq x'g'x'GYof] .
cf7 jif{sf] pd]/df pxf“nfO{ ufp“s}
u'?;“u k9fpg yflnof] . ;g\ !()^
;Dd dfcf] n ] log} u' ? ;“ u cWoog
ug'{eof] . pxf“ t]x| jif{sf] x'“bf ufp“df
pxf“sf] k9fO{ ;lsof] . ;f]x| jif{sf] pd]/
;Dd pxf“n] cfkm\gf] lktfsf] lx;fj
lstfj / v]tL ls;fgLdf Joltt ug'e { of]
. …x'g] lj?jfsf] lrNnf] kftÚ eg] em}+ of]
pd] / ;Dd ufp“ d } a;] k lg k' : tsLo
1fgn] b]z b'lgof“ hfGg] eP dfcf] .
s'g;]g\ 5f]/fnfO{ Jofkfl/ agfpg
rfxGy] t/ 5f]/fn] Tof] sfd l;Sg]
s'/fnfO{ lj/f]w ub}{ cWoognfO{ cufl8
a9fP . lktfsf] ;xdlt ljgf pgsL
cfdfn] pgnfO{ k9\gsf] nflu dfdf3/
hfg] aGbf] j :t ldnfO{ g \ . dfdfsf
5f] / fn] …gof“ hgtfÚgfdsf] k' : ts
p;nfO{ lbP . k':tsdf lnofª rL,
rfof] / sfª o'jfO{sf n]vx? klg lyP
. oL n]vx?n] t?0f dfcf]T;]t'ËnfO{
Hofb} 7"nf] k|efj kf¥of] . o;} :s'ndf
k9\bf dfcf]n] hh{ jfl;Ë6g, g]kf]lnog
larf/
af] g fkf6{ h:tf ljZj k| V oft
JolQmx?sf] hLjgsf] af/]df cWoog
ul/;s]sf lyof] eg] hfkfg h:tf] ;fgf]
/fi6« s;/L rLg / ?; h:tf ljzfn
/fi6«x?nfO{ k/flht ug{ ;kmn ePsf]
5 eGg] ljifodf yf]/ ax't hfGg] cj;/
kfPsf lyP . dfcf]T;]t'Ë !& jif{sf]
pd]/df ;g\ !(!) df km]/L :s'naf6
klg aflxl/g'eof] . o; kZrft pxf“
xfO{ : s' n sf] vf] h Ldf pgL rfË;f
k'Ug'eof] .
dGr' zf;gsf] cGTo;“u} ;g\ !(!!
sf] qmflGtsf] cGTo eof] . To;a]nf
y'k|} /fhgLlts ljrf/wf/fx? k|rf/df
cfP . dfcf]T;]t'Ë Tolta]nf ljBfyL{ /
;}lgs x'gx' G' Yof] . pxf“n] cfkm\gf] tnjsf]
s]xL k|ltzt klqsfx? k9\gdf vr{
ub{Yof] . klxnf]k6s pxf“n] …cfË cf/
kfpÚ gfds k|lz4 b}lgs klqsfdf
…;dfhjfbÚsf] af/]df hfGg] cj;/
kfpg'eof] . pxf“n] ;dfhjfbsf] ljifodf
n] l vPsf a' s n] 6 x? cWoog ug{
yfNg'eof], o;n] pxf“nfO{ cfkm\gf ;}lgs
;fyLx?n] …d' l Qmsf] gof“ a f6f]
;dfhjfbÚ eg] / ax; ug{ ;Sg]
agfO{ ; s] s f] lyof] . dfcf] T ;] t ' Ë n]
;]gfdf /x]/ qmflGtsf] nflu s]xL ug{
;Sb} g y] To;} n ] ^ dlxg] ;} l gs
hLjgaf6 /flhgfdf lbP . To;kZrft
dfcf]T;]t'Ën] sn]hdf Jofkf/ zf:q
k9\g yfNg'eof] . of] ljifo c+u|]hLdf
k9fO{ x'GYof] . dfcf]n] k':tsfnodf
a;]/ ?;, cd]l/sf, a]nfot, k|mfG;
cflb ljleGg b]zsf e'uf]n Oltxf;x?
?rL k'j{s cWoog ug'{eof] . pxf“n]
P8d l:dysf] …/fi6«x?sf] wgÚ, rfN;{
8flj{gsf] …hfltsf] pTklQÚ, hfg :6'{6
ldnsf] gLlt zf:q, ?;f]sf] /fhgLlts
k':ts, P]g sfg'g ;DalGw k':tsx?sf
;fy} cGo lrlgof“ ;flxTo / ;+:s[lt
;“u ;DalGwt ljifox? cgf}krfl/s
?kdf cWoog ug'{eof] .
;g\ !(!% df hfkfgsf] ;dy{g kfpg
rLgsf] /fi6«klt o'jfg lzx sfO{n] cfkm'
rLgsf] ;d|f6 ePsf] 3f]if0ff u¥of] .
b]ze/ To;sf] lj/f]w x'g yfNof] . oxL
lj/f]wsf] ;fdgf ug{ g;s]/} ;g\ !(!^
sf] h'g dlxgfdf p d¥of] . p;sf]
d[To' kl5 rLg km]/L cg]s u'6df
ljefhg eof] / /fhg} l ts ;+ s 6
b]vfk¥of] .
;g\ !(!& df dfcf] s L cfdfsf]
b]xjzfg eof], @$ jif{sf] dfcf]sf] pd]/
df 36] s f] of] c;dflos 36gfn]
dfcf]nfO{ rf]6 k'¥ofof] . o;} jif{sf]
z/bdf dfcf]n] #)–$) hgf ;fyLx?sf]
e]nf u/fP/ j'l4 ljsf; ug]{, h'jf
gv]Ng], u'08flu/L h:tf v/fj sfddf
gnfUg] p2]Zon] …gof“ hg cWoog
uf]i7LÚ gfds Pp6f ;+u7g agfpg'eof]
. pQm ;+u7gn] kf7zfnfdf jfbljjfb,
v]ns'b h:tf /rgfTds sfo{ ub{Yof]
. sn]hnfO{ k|ltlqmofjfbL kmf}hx?n]
Jof/]s agfpg] sfo{sf] pxf“n] lgdf{0f
u/]sf] /Iffbnn] z;Qm k|ltjfb u¥of]
. o;/L pxf“n] cfkm'n] cWoog u/]sf]
sn] h nfO{ ;} l gs cv8f aGgaf6
hf]ufpg' eof] . of] dfcf]sf] klxnf]
;}lgs sf/jfxL lyof] . ;g\ !*!*df
dfcf] lgd{n :s'naf6 :gfts aGg'eof]
.
;g\ !(!( sf] ;'?df a]nfot, k|mfG;,
;+o'Qm/fHo cd]l/sf, hfkfg, O6nL
nufotsf ;fd| f HojfbL b] z x?n]
k]l/;df e]nf eO{ klxnf] ljZj o'4df
xftf kf/]sf b]zx?sf] efuj08f u/]sf
lyP . rLgsf] …zfgt'ªÚ k|fGt klxn]
hd{gLsf] dftxtdf lyof], cj Tof]
hfkfgsf] efudf k¥of] .
;fd|HojfbLx?sf] o:tf] efuj08fn]
lrlgof“ hgtfdf ;fd|fHojfb lj?4sf]
efjgf hfu[t ub}{ lyof] . hfkfg /
cd]l/sfsf] o:tf] k|sf/sf] lu4] b[li6sf]
lj?4 …o'jsÚ gfds klqsfn] ljBfyL{ /
a'l4hLjLx?nfO{ ;+3if{ ug{ cfXjfg
u¥of] . $ dO{ !(!( df ljBfyL{x?n]
;fd|fHojfbsf] lj?4 k]lsªdf h'n'z
lgsfn], o; h'n'zdfly w/ks8 /
x:tIf]k eof] P2]kL ;+3if{sf sfo{qmdx?
lg/Gt/ eO{g} /x] . rLgsf] Oltxf;df
$ dO{sf] cfGbf]ng eg]/ lrlgg] o;
cfGbf]ngnfO{ dfcf]n] rfª;fdf …p7\
bfh'efO{x?Ú eGg] krf{ lgsfn]/ ;lqmo
e'ldsf lgjf{x ug'{eof] . km]/L @* h'g
!(!( sf lbg k]l/;df rLgnfO{ c?
b]zx? ldn]/ af“8r'“8 ug]{ ;GwL x'g
uO/x]sf] lyof] . ;f/f rLgdf km]l/
…;fd|fHojfb d'bf{jfb, ;GwLdf ;xL
ub}{gf}+Ú eGg] h:tf gf/f nfUg yfNof] .
ljb]zL dfn lsga]h aGb ug]{ cfGbf]ng
rNof] . zf+3fO{df xHhf/f}+ dhb'/x?n]
x8\tfn u/] . ;f/f :s'n sn]hx?
aGb eP . hgtfsf] of] cfGbf]ngn]
tTsflng rLgsf] ;/sf/nfO{ ;GwLdf
;xL gug{ afWo agfof] . ue/{g/ Rofª
ofªsf] ;}lgstGqsf] lj/f]w ug{ dfcf]
…hg cWoog uf]i7LÚsf] k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf
k]lsª k'Ug'eof] . pxf“n] Toxf“ …sDo'lgi6
kf6L{sf] 3f]if0ffkqÚ sfpT:sLsf] …ju{
;+3if{Ú lss'{ksf] …;dfhjfbsf] Oltxf;Ú
h:tf k':tsx? k9\g'eof] .
;g\ !(@) df dfcf]n] @% jif{sL of“u
sfO{–x'O{;“u ljjfx ug'{eof] . pxf“ k]lsª
/fli6« o ljZj ljBfnodf k9\ g ]
qmflGtsf/L s]6L x'g'x'GYof] . ;g\ !(#)
df pxf“sf] s]ldGtfËåf/f xTof eof] .
$
s= dfcf]T;]t'Ë
@! h'nfO{ !(@! df ;f+3fO{df lrlgof“
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] u'Kt ;Dd]ng eof] .
dfcf] x'gfg k|b]zsf] k|ltlglw x'g'x'GYof]
. o;} ;Dd]ngn] klxnf] ljwfg kf;
u¥of], s]lGb|o ;ldltsf] 5gf}6 u¥of] .
o;df dfcf] nufot !@ hgf ;b:ox?
5flgP . o;/L dfcf]T;]t'Ë lrlgof“
sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ s f] ;:yfks ;b:o
aGg'eof] . Tolta]nf …r]g t'Zo'Ú kf6L{sf]
dxfdGqL x' g ' x ' G Yof] . pxf“ …o' j sÚ
klqsfsf] ;Dkfbs / k] l sË ljZj
ljBfnosf Ps k|Wofks x'g'x'GYof] .
!(@@ sf] d] dlxgfdf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf]
bf];|f] dxflwj]zg xf+urfpdf ul/of] .
o; dxflwj] z gdf s= dfcf] T ;] t ' Ë
pkl:yt x' g ;Sg' e Pg . o;
dxflwj]zgn] cGt/fli6«o sDo'lgi6
cfGbf]ng;“u ;DaGw /fVb} ;fdGtjfb
/ ;fdlGt o'4 ;bf{/x?sf lj?4df ;+3if{
ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .
;g\ !(@# sf] h'g dlxgfdf kf6L{sf]
t];|f] dxflwj]zg eof] . o;n] kf6L{df
ePsf uNtLx?nfO{ ;Rofof] / hgjfbL
qmflGtnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ …;j{xf/f ju{sf]
g]t[Tj / ls;fg ;d:ofÚ klg ;Djf]wg
ug]{ gLlt kf; u¥of] . o;} dxflwj]zgn]
sf]ldªtfª leq sDo'lgi6x? k;]/ sfd
ug]{ gLlt klg kf; u¥of] . r]g–t'–Zo'
sf]ldGtfª;“u ;Demf}tf u/]/ sDo'lgi6
kf6L{g} cfjZos b]Vb}gy] . plg …9f]sf
aGbÚ gLlt ckgfp“y] . dfcf]n] oL b'a}
ljrf/wf/fsf] lj/f]wdf dt lbg' eof] /
s]lGb|o /fhg}lts Ao'/f]df r'lgg' eof] .
;g\ !(@% hgj/L dlxgfdf kf6L{sf]
rf}yf] dxflwj]zg eof] o;n] kf6L{sf
sfo{x?sf] n]vfhf]vf u¥of] . ;g\ !(@%
d] !* df ;f+ 3 fOsf] Ps sk8f
sf/vfgf dflnsn] Ps sDo'lGfi6 dhb'/
sfo{stf{sf] xTof u¥of] . o; xTofsf]
lj/f]wdf #) d] sf lbg dhb'/x?n] b]z}
el/ k| b z{ g u/] j] n fotL k' l n;n]
k|bz{gsf/Lx?dfyL uf]nL rnfof] . bh{gf}+
jf“sL k]h % df=============================
 kl/alt{t o'u
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dflg;x? dfl/P xKtf}+;Dd b]z JofkL
x8\tfn eof] . o;sf] k|efj rLg} el/
k¥of], o; cfGbf]ngnfO{ lrlgof“ sDo'lgi6
kf6L{sf] Oltxf;df …#) d] sf] cfGbf]ngÚ
elgG5 . o; cfGbf]ngdf ls;fg tyf
dhb'/ ju{sf] g]t[Tj ul//xg' ePsf
dfcf]T;]t'ËnfO{ kqmfp ug{ ue{g/ rfjf
x]+u ltn] ;]gf k7fof] . dfcf] SofG6g
k' U g' eof] / sf] l dªtfªsf] d' v kq
…/fhg}lts zf:qsf]Ú ;Dkfbs x'g'eof] .
!(@^ sf] dfr{ dlxgfdf dfcf]n] …lrgLof“
;dfhsf] ju{ ljZn]if0fÚ eGg] n]v n]Vg'
eof] . o;df pxf“n] qmflGtsf zq' /
ldqx?sf] af/]df k|i6 kfg'{ ePsf] lyof]
. o;kl5 x'gfgdf u'Kt ?kn] ;+u7gx?
v'Ng yfn] / h'nfO{ b]lv ;]K6]Dj/;Dd
v'Nnf ?kdf ultljwL x'g yfn] . Ps
s/f]8 hgtfnfO{ g]t[Tj lbg ;Sg] bz
nfv eGbf a9L ;lqmo ;b:o ;+Vof
k'Uof] . ls;fgx?sf] qmflGtsf/L ;+u7gn]
cfGbf] n gsf] 3f] i f0ff u¥of] . o;
cfGbf]ngn] qmflGtsf ldqx?nfO{ ;fydf
lnP/ qmlGtsf zq'x?nfO{ k|xf/ u¥of] .
! l8;]Dj/ !(@^ sf lbg qmflGtsf
cg'ejx?nfO{ n]vfhf]vf ug{ x'gfgsf
dhb'/ / ls;fgx?sf] ;Dd]ng eof] .
;Dd]ngdf s= dfcf]n] rLgsf] k|d'v
;d:ofsf] ?kdf /x] s f] …ls;fg
;d:ofÚnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ ls;fg /
dhb'/x?sf] Pstfdf hf]8 lbg'eof] .
;g\ !(@& sf] km]a|'c/Lsf lbg RofªsfO
;] s n] gfgrfª gu/kflnsfsf]
qmflGtsf/L ;+u7gnfO{ e+u ug]{ cfb]z
lbof] . Tof] ;dodf kf“r xhf/ dhb'/
x?sf] ^ a6fnLog ;]gf lgdf{0f eof] /
@! dfr{sf] lbg ;f+3fOdf …hgtfsf]
;/sf/Ú sfod eof] @$ dfr{sf lbg
gfglsª sAhf eof] .
;g\ !(@& sf] clk|n @% df lrlgof“
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] kf“rf} dxflwj]zg z'?
eof] . dxflwj]zgdf r]t t' Zo'sf]
/fhg}lts, ;}wflGts / ;+u7gfTds ?kn]
kf6L{nfO{ sf]ldGtfªsf] k'R5/ agfpg
rfxg] bIfL0fkGyL cj;/jfbL k|:tfjsf]
cfnf]rgf ub}{ dfcf]T;]t'Ë qmflGtsf/L
e'ld;'wf/sf] ;dy{g t u¥of] t/ o;n]
kf6L{sf] g]t[TjnfO{ kl/jt{g ug{ ;s]g .
o; kZrft u7g ul/Psf] lrlgof“
/fli6«o ls;fg ;+3sf] cWoIf s= dfcf]
r'lgg'eof] .
;g\ !(@* h'nfO dlxgfdf kf6L{sf] 5}7f}+
dxflwj]zg d:sf]df ;DkGg eof] .
dxflwj]zgn] qmflGtnfO{ ;fd|fHojfb /
;fdGtjfb lj/f]wL k'“hLjfbL k|hftflGqs
qmflGtg} xf] eg]/ ls6fg u¥of] .
@$ cS6f]j/ !(#) df dfcf]T;]t'Ësf]
6fpsfsf] d'No bz xhf/ tf]lsof] .
>LdtL of+usfO x'O ks|fp kg'{ eof] .
o;sf] l7s Ps dlxgf kl5 k|lts[ofjfbL
;/sf/n] >LdtL dfcf] ;“ u } kqmfp
larf/
k/]sL dfcf]T;]t'ËsL alxgL dfcf]T;]
x'+unfO{ uf]nL xfg]/ dfl/lbof] .
!* ;]K6]Dj/ !(#! df hfkfgn] rLgsf]
pQ/ k'jL{ efu dGr'l/of dfyL wfjf
af]Nof] . Rofª sfO{ ;]s hfkfg;“u
gn8L cfkm\ g f] k' / } zlQm
sDo'lgi6x?nfO{ l;Wofpg] sfddf nflu
/x]sf] lyof] . !# l8;]Dj/ !(#! sf
lbg hg k| l tlglwx?sf] klxnf]
dxflwj]zg z'? eof] / s= dfcf]
k|ltlglwx?sf] s]lGb|o ;/sf/sf] cWoIf
/ r' t]xnfO{ nfn;]gfsf] k|wfg ;]gfklt
r'Gof] . @* hgj/L !(#@ df hfkfgL
;] g fx?n] ;f+ 3 fOdf xdnf u/] .
sDo'lgi6x?n] hfkfgsf] lj/f]w u/] .
cS6f]j/df dfcf]n] cfkm\gf] ;f/f Wofg
hfkfg lj/f]lw sfo{df nufpg' eof] /
r' t]xn] ;}lgs sdf08 ;DxfNg' eof]
. @# hgj/L !(#$ sf lbg Sofª;Ldf
dhb'/ ls;fg k|ltlglwx?sf] bf];|f]
/fli6«o dxflwj]zgn] s= dfcf]nfO{
cWoIfdf r'Gof] . @& hgj/Lsf lbg
dxflwj]zg ;dflKtsf] a}7sdf dfcf]n]
…hgtfsf] enfOdf Wofg b]p, sfd ug]{
tl/sfdf Wofg b]pÚ eGg] efif0f lbg'
eof] . !* cS6'a/ !(#$ sf] lbg z'?
ePsf] nfdf] lx8fO{ @^* lbgkl5 !(#%
;]K6]Da/ dlxgfdf ;dfKt eof] . o;n]
ljleGg !! k|fGtx? kf/ ub}{ hg;DaGw
;'b[9 kf/]sf] lyof] . o;n] @( s/f]8
hgtfnfO{ …nfn ;] g fsf] af6f]
ltgLx?sf] d'lQmsf] af6f] xf]Ú eg]/
ljZjf; lbnfof] . cS6f]a/ dlxgfdf
pQ/L z]G;Lsf] jf ofkfcf] eGg] 7fp“df
/fhg}lts Jo'/f]sf] a}7s kl5sf] kf6L{
sfo{stf{x?sf] Ps ;Dd]ngdf …hfkfgL
;fd| f Hojfbsf] lj/f] w df sfd ug] {
tl/sfÚ eGg] Ps l/kf]{6 lbg'eof] .
!(#& sf] d] dlxgfdf o]gfgdf lrlgof“
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng eof]
. # d]sf] lbg dfcf]n] …hkfg lj/f]wL
a]nfsf lrlgof“ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] sfdÚ
eGg] Ps l/kf]{6 lbg'eof] . ;Dd]ngsf]
cGTodf pxf“n] …nfvf}+ nfv hfkfg
lj/f]wL /fli6«o ;+o'Qm df]rf{sf] kIfdf
NofpmÚ eGg] ;dfkg efif0f lbg'eof] .
;g\ !(#* sf] cGTolt/ dfcf] / Rof+u
lrËjLr ljjfx eof] . ;g\ !($% sf]
clk|n @# df lrlgof“ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf]
;ftf}+ dxflwj]zg eof] . pb\3f6g
efif0fdf s= dfcf]n] !@ nfv !)
xhf/ kf6L{ ;b:o, ( nfv !) xhf/
nfn;]gf / @@ nfv ldlnlzof eP/
( s/f]8 %) nfv hgftf d'Qm ePsf]
l/kf]{6 lbg'eof] . dxflwj]zgn] kf6L{sf]
:yfkgfsfn b] l vsf] ;dLIff ub} {
dfcf] s f] …kf6L{ Oltxf;af/] s] x L
k|Zgx?sf] k|:tfjÚnfO{ kfl/t u¥of] .
@$ clk| n df s= dfcf] n ] …;+ o ' Q m
;/sf/af/]Ú Ps l/kf]{6 k|:t't ug'{eof]
. a} 7 sn] hkfgnfO{ x/fpg
hg;d'bfonfo{ ;~rfng ug]{ dfcf]sf]
gLltnfO{ :jLsf/ u¥of] / kf6L{df pxf“sf]
g]t[Tjsf] hu a:of] . ! cS6f]a/ !($%
sf] lbg dfcf]n] k]lsªsf] ltog d]g
rf] s df rLgsf] hgjfbL u0ftGq
:yfkgf ePsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{eof] . ?; /
c? gof“ hgjfbL b]zx?;“u rLgsf]
alnof] d}qL ;DaGw ePsf] 3f]if0ff eof]
. a]nfot, ?;, gj],{ lgb/Nof08, :jL8]g,
lkmgNof08 / :jLh/Nof08n] rLgsf]
gof“ ;/sf/nfO{ dfGotf lbof] . ;+o'Qm
/fHo cd]l/sfn] rLgl;tsf] s'6g}lts
;DaGw r'8fNof] . cWoIf dfcf] ?;
hfg' e of] / :6flng;“ u e] 6 3f6 /
s'/fsfgL ug'{eof] . of] pxf“sf] klxnf]
ljb]z ofqf lyof] .
;g\ !(%)sf] h' g dlxgf;Dddf
hgd'lQm ;]gf k'jL{, dWo bIfL0f, bIfL0f
klZrd rLg;Dd k'Uof] / #) nfv zq'
;]gfnfO{ lgd'{n kf¥of] . !($^ h'g
b]lv !(%) ;Ddsf] lx;fj ubf{ *)
nfv zq' ;]gf lgd'{n kfl/of] / !^ ;o
7"nf a8f clkm;/x? dfl/P jf ;dfltP
. v'|Zrf]jn] rLgsf] sDo'lgi6nfO{ …vfnL
yfnsf] sDo'lgHdÚ / hg sDo'gnfO{
…pu|jfbÚ eg]/ x]nf u¥of] . h'nfO{ !(^)
df ?;n] ;}4flGts emu8fnfO{ /fHosf]
:t/;Dd k'¥ofof] / rLgaf6 ;j} ?;L
ljz]if1x? lkmtf{ a]nfP/ #)) eGbf
a9L ;xof]u / lgdf{0fsf ;+emf}tfx?nfO{
PsftkmL{ /2 u¥of] . dfcf]n] …cfkm\g}
v'6\6fdf pleg] cfTd lge{/Ú gLltnfO{
cufl8 ;fg'{eof] . gf]e]Da/ dlxgfdf
d:sf]df *! j6f b]zsf dhb'/ /
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?sf] cGt/fli6«o a}7s
eof] . a}7sdf ?; / rLgsf] dte]b
c? rSof]{ . rLgsf] kf6L{n] n]lggsf]
() cf}+ jflif{s pT;jdf …n]lggjfb
lhGbfjfbÚ eGg] n]v ;+u|x k|sfzg
u/] / ?;sf] kf6L{ g] t [ T jnfO{
…;+;f]wgjfbLÚ eg]/ gËofO{lbof] . ?;L
kf6L{n] dfcf]sf] ljrf/nfO{ …o'4sf] Kof;LÚ
eg]/ cf/f]k nufof] . o;/L ljZj
sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngdf …;+;f]wgjfbÚ;“u
lrlgof“ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] ug'k{ /]sf] ;+3if{
rls{b} uof] . !(^# df dfcf]n] …t];|f]
ljZjÚsf] l;4fGt cufl8 ;fg'{eof] /
!(^$ df rLgn] ?;sf] ;j} C0f r'Qmf
u/L rLg Ps C0f d'Qm b]z eof] .
cS6f]a/ !(^$ df rLgn] P6d adsf]
klxnf] k/LIf0f u¥of] . dfcf]sf] gLlt
cg';f/ P6d ad k|of]u ug{df rLg
slxNo} klxnf] x'g] 5}g eg]/ ;+;f/nfO{
rlst kfl/lbof] . ;fd|fHojfb lj/f]wL
;+ 3 if{ d f ;+ ; f/sf zf] l ift kLl8t
hgtfn] To;nfO{ cfkm\gf] ;'/Iffsf] Ps
Uof/]06L ;Dem] . g]kfnL hgtfn] klg
To;nfO{ :jfut / ;dy{g u/] .
%
!(^^ sf] cu:6 dlxgfdf cf7f}+ s]Gb|Lo
;ldltsf] P3f/f}+ k'0f{ a}7s eof] . dfcf]s}
cWoIftfdf ePsf] To; a} 7 sn]
…;f+:s[lts qmflGtÚug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .
dfcf] cfkm}n + ] ;+zf]wgjfbL …;b/d'sfddf
ad xfgÚ eGg] 7" n f] sfuh 6f“ ; ] /
;f+:s[lts qmflGtsf] z'?jft ug'{eof] .
! clk|n !(^( df lrlgof“ sDo'lgi6
kf6L{sf] gjf}+ dxflwj]zg eof] . @$
clk|n;Dd rn]sf] To; clwj]zgn] gof“
ljwfg kfl/t u¥of] / !&) hjfg ;b:o
/ !)( hjfg pDd]bjf/ -j}slNks_
;b:o ePsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] r'gfj
u¥of] . gjf}+ s]lGb|o ;ldltsf] klxnf]
k'0f{ a}7sn] dfcf]T;]tË' nfO{ cWoIf, lng
Kofcf]nfO{ pkfWoIf, r]g kf] tf, rfp
Pg nfO{ / sfË zfËnfO{ /fhg}lts
Jo'/f]sf] :yfoL ;ldltsf] ;b:odf r'Gof]
.
@$ cui6 !(&@ df lrlgof“ sDo'lgi6
kf6L{sf] bzf}+ dxflwj]zg ;DkGg eof] .
s= dfcf]T;]t'Ën] a}7ssf] cWoIftf
ug'{eof] . rfp–Pg–nfO{n] /fhg}lts
l/kf]{6 lbg'eof] . a}7sn] lng Kofof] /
kf6L{ lj/f] w L u' 6 sf] cfnf] r gf ub} {
gs/fTds lzIffsf] ?kdf lng] lg0f{o
u¥of] . qmflGtnfO{ rnfpg / pTkfbsTj
a9fpg j9L sfd ug]{ lg0f{o ;d]t
u¥of] . a}7sn] !$* hgfsf] s]Gb|Lo
;ldlt lgdf{0f u¥of] . h;sf] cWoIf
s= dfcf]T;]t'ª g} x'g'x'GYof] .
cWoIf dfcf] s] l xjif{ b ] l v c:j:Yo
x'g'x'GYof] . ( ;]K6]Da/ !(&^ sf] lbg
lrlgof“ hgtfsf dxfg g]tf, ;+;f/sf
;j} zf]lift kLl8t b]z / hgtf tyf
;j{xf/f ju{sf dxfg\ u'? cWoIf dfcf]sf]
/ftL !@ ah]/ !) ldg]6 hf“bf d[To'
eof] .
;Gbe{ ;fdfu|L
sDo'lgi6 g}ltstf, cg'jfbs b]j]Gb|
ltDnf, lg//Tg k|sfzg,
dfcf]T;]t'Ë / rlr{t ljrf/x?,s]zj/
fh b]jsf]6f, zf}uft k':ts k|sfzg,
dfcf] T ;] t ' Ë sf] hLjgL, tLnsk| ; fb
n'O{6]n÷gLnDa/ cHof{n, ax'p2]ZoLo
cWoog s]Gb|,
clvn 1fg, n]vgfy Gof}kfg], lehg
k|sfzg
sDo'lgi6 hLjgz}nL / sfo{k4tLaf/],
dfcf] T ;] t ' Ë , hg;| i 6« f k| s fzg u[ x
-;Gbe{M !!^cf} dfcf] lbj;_
olb xfd|f zq'x¿n] xfd|f] k|z+;f u/]
eg] xfdL lglZrt?kdf lalu|Psf x'G5f},+
olb zq'x¿n] xfd|f] lj/f]w u5{g\ eg]
xfdL ;xL x'G5f}+
– s=dfcf]T;]t'ª
 kl/alt{t o'u
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æsDo'lgi6 eg]sf] ljz]È wft'n] ag]sf]
dfgj xf], lsgeg] p;nfO{ s'g} klg
tfkn] unfpg ;Sb}g .Æ sd/]8 :tflng
sDo'lgHd dfgj ;dfh ljsf;qmdsf]
;a}eGbf pRrtd ¿k xf] . hxf“ dfgjsf]
clt pRrtd r] t gfsf] ljsf;
eO;s]sf] x'G5 . To;}u/L lj1fg, snf,
;flxTo, ;+:s[lt / ;Eotfsf] ljlzi6tf
k|fKt x'G5 . s'g} hflt / ju{ ljz]Èsf]
zf]È0F, plTk8g /xg] 5}g . ;+;f/ dfgf}+
Pp6f kl/jf/ ´}+ x'G5 . To; a]nf
/fHo, ;]gf, k'ln; cflbsf] cl:tTj
;dfKt eP/ hfG5 . dflg;n] cfÎgf]
of] U otf / zLkcg' ; f/sf] sfd /
cfjZostfcg' ¿ ksf] pkef] u ug] {
cflys{ :jtGqtf k|fKt ub{5 . o;/L
aGg] ;fDojfbL ;dfhsf] lglDt eg]
sl7g ;+3È{ ug'{ clgjfo{ 5 . ;fdflhs
qmflGtsf x/] s r/0Fdf kl5Nnf]
;dfhsf] lg/Gt/tf;“u qmde+u eO{
gof“sf] lg/Gt/tf x'G5 . of] qmde+u
kZrft aGg] gof“ ;+/rgf g} jf:tljs
qmflGt -Revolution_ xf] . o;/L
qmd};“u Pskl5 csf]{ ub}{ ;fdflhs
qmflGtsf r/0Fx¿ kf/ x'G5g\ . xf],
log} r/0Fsf ;DaGwdf s]lGb|t eO{
x/]s lk9L+n] cfÎgf] hLjgsf b}lgs
;+ 3 È{ s f qmddf cfpg] ptf/
r9fjx¿af6 1fg / zLk xfl;n ub{5
. dflg;n] ha cflbd ;fDojfbsf]
o'unfO{ 5f]8\of], To;a]nfb]lv g} juL{o
;dfhsf] pTklQ ePsf] xf] . dflg;
Tof]eGbf cufl8 k|s[lt;“usf] ;+3È{ /
pTkfbg;“usf] ;+3È{df dfq l;ldt lyof]
. t/ juL{o ;dfhsf] pTklt ;“u;“u}
dflg;sf] ;+3È{sf] csf]{ sl7g Ô]q
ju{;+3È{ klg ylkof] . xfn dflg;
k|sl[ t;“usf] ;+3È{, pTkfbg;“usf] ;+3È{
/ ju{;3 + È{ u/L tLg vfn] ;+3È{ Ps};fy
ul//x]sf] 5 .
o:tf] vfn] ;+3È{af6 g]kfnL ;dfh
klg c5'tf] /x]sf] 5}g . g]kfnL ;dflhs
qmflGtn] Pp6f r/0F;“ u qmdeªu
u/L csf]{sf] lg/Gt/tfdf /xg] Pp6f
;+qmd0Fsfnsf] ofqfdf ;km/ ul//x]sf]
5 . o;a]nf qmflGtsf/Lx¿n] nfdf]
alnbfgL ;+3È{af6 k|fKt u/]sf] of]
qmflGtnfO{ s;/L Joj:yfkg ub} {
qmflGtsf/L lg/Gt/tfsf] lbzf lgwf{/0F
ug]{ eGg] k|d'v bfloTj xfd|f] sf“wdf /
x]sf] 5 . xfdLn] g]kfnL ;fdflhs
qmflGtsf] cjZo+efjL ofqf dxfg\ hgo'4
klg ´]Nof}+ . To;}u/L ;fdGtjfb /
;fd| f Hojfb / bnfn gf] s /zfxL
k'h
“ Ljfbsf st't{ x¿nfO{ klg glhs}af6
cWoog uof}{+ . jf:tjdf ju{ ;+3È{sf]
e6\6Ldf zf]Ès ju{n] s] s:tf xTs08f
k|of]u ubf]{/x]5, p;n] slt lgrtf
kbz{g ubf]{/x]5, eGg];Ddsf ljÈodf
ca xfdL e'Stef]uL eO;s]sf 5f}+ .
xfd|f] Kof/f] hg;]gfn] tL xTs08f /
larf/÷ljljw
cWoog z}nLdf ;'wf/ u/f}+
È8oGqx¿nfO{ lrb}{ ax';V+ os >dhLjL
g]kfnL hgtfsf] xs lxtnfO{ ;'lgZlrt
ug{ Pskl5 csf]{ ;kmntf xfl;n ub}{
cl3 a9\of] . o'4sf] bf}/fgdf xfd|F] kf6L{,
;]gf / df]rf{sf] sfdnfO{ jf:tjd}
o'4:t/d} ljsf; ub}{ nUof}+ . h;sf]
kl/0Ffdsf] ¿kdf xfdLn] of]
;+qmd0Fsflng kl/jt{g k|fKt u/]sf
5f}+ . xfdL ;j{xf/f ;flngtf / cbDo
;fx;sf ;fy o' 4 df ;lqmo /x' b f
;a}vfn] cg'e'lt ug]{ cj;/ k|fKt uof}{+
. xfd|f lglDt o'4 /0FgLlt / ;dsflng
/fhgLltsf] cWoog k|d'v x'GYof] .
To;sf lgDlt dfS;{jfb, n]lggjfb,
dfcf]jfbsf] zf:\qLo cWoog / To;sf]
Jofjxfl/s k|of]usf ¿kdf b'Zdgsf
SofDkx¿df t'kmfgL k|Tofqmd0F xfd|f
lglDt j}1flgs k|of]u x'GYof] . xfdLdf
y'k|} sdLsdhf]/Lsf afah'bklg Pp6f
c7f]6 x'GYof] j;, qmflGt † qmflGt ††
qmflGt †††
xfdLn] !) jÈ]{ dxfg\ hgo'4sfndf
b' Z dgnfO{ ´' S ofO{ , n' s fO{ , l5kfO{
NofOPsf k' : ts, kqklqsf lgs}
dxTjsf ;fy k9\of}+ . k9]sf s'/f
;fd'lxs 5nkmndf klg nfg] uYof}{ .
To;}u/L n]v, /rgf / ;flxTo n]vgdf
;d] t lgs} ldx] g tk' j { s nfUYof} + .
To;a]nf qmflGtsf/L klqsf hgfb]z,
dlxdf hgcfx[jfg, hgljb|f]x cflb
;'?b]lv cGTo;Dd s]nfOs]nfO k9\Yof}+
. xfd| f ] cWoogaf6 xfdLnfO{ 7" n f]
af}l4stf k|flKt x'GYof] . h;n] ubf{
xfd|f] ;fdflhs ;f+u7lgs, /fhgLlts
3gTj lgs} t]h:jL b]lvGYof] . hgtf
xfdLdf /x]sf] ax'cfoflds (Around
study) cWoog b] l v xfdL k| l t
laZj:t x'Gy] . Æjf:tjdf dfcf]jfbLn]
r} s]lx ug]{ /x]5Ú egL hgtf eGg] uy]{
. Tof] xfd|f] cWoogzLn afgL / pT;u{n]
g} hgo4nfO{ dxfg\ agfof] . To;}n]
geGb} xfdLn] s]xL u/]/} 5f8\of}+ .
clxn] kl/l:ylt clnslt km]l/Psf] 5
. t/ xfd|f] lhDd]jf/L / bfloTj km]l/
Psf] eg] xf]Og . cf}krfl/s ¿kdf
kf6L{ df]rf{ / ;]gfdf sf]xL sxf“ xf]p“nf,
sf]xL stf xf]p“nf . Tof] kf6L{ hLjg
leqsf] s'/f eof] . t/ g]kfnL ;fdflhs
qmflGtsf] b[li6sf]0Fn] qmflGtsf/Lx¿sf]
lhDd]jf/L ´g a9]sf] 5 . g]kfndf
Jofjxf/tM k'li6 ePsf] dfn]dfjfb
cGt/f{li6«os/0F ePsf] 5 . qmflGtsf
sdhf]/L / ;Ldfsf] j[Q klg ´G´g\
km/flsnf] aGb} hf“ b } 5 . g] k fnL
;j{xf/f qmflGtn] Pp6f 7f]; p“rfO
u|x0F ul/;s]sf] 5 . oBlk xfdL c´}
klg gof“ hgjfbL qmflGt (New
democretic Revolution) s}
– gf/fo0F lg/f}nf
r/0Fdf 5f}+ . xfdLn] ;dfhjfbL qmflGt
ug{ y'k|} ;f“w / ;Ldf l5rf]Ng af“sL g}
5 . clxn]g} qmflGt k'/f ef] egL l8+u
xf“Sg] / s]xL klg ePsf] 5}g eGg]
sd/]8x¿n] of] jf:tljstfnfO{ x[bo+ud
gu/L dgu9Gt] cleJolSt lbO/x]sf
5g\ . pgLx¿ tL lxhf]sf o'4:t/sf
cWoog lrGtg dggnfO{ ltnf~hnL
lb+b} cf–cfÎgf lbdfudf cl3 ef}ltsjfbL
kmf]xf]/x¿ y'kfb}{5g\ . ;Dk'0F{ kf6L{
k+lQmnfO{ of] kmf]x/n] s}b unf{ ls †
eGg] lrGtf klg a9]sf] 5 . xfd|f lxhf]sf
afrf / argx¿ st} t'lxg] kf] x'g\ ls
† xfdL st} nx} nx}df dfS;{jfbeGbf
a9L lgT;]jfbsf] pkef]StfjfbL lrGtg
x'“b} pTt/cfw'lgstfjfb sf] bnbndf
t km:g] xf]Ogf}+ † xfdLn] cfTdd'Nofªsg
ug}{k5{ .
o;} a]nf ax'njfbsf] ‰ofnL lkl6Psf]
5 . k'h “ LkGyLx¿ klg ax'njfbsf] rªuf
p8fp“b} hgtfdf Psvfnsf] e|d af“l8/
x]sf 5g\ . k'“hLkGyLx¿sf] lg/k]Ô
ax'njfbL xf}jfn] xfd|f lbn / lbdfudf
klg af; ug{ yfn] eg] xfdL ax'njfbL
cWoog z}nLdf km:g k'U5f} eGg] x]Ssf
klg xfdLn] /fVg} k5{ . lx+hf] ;fdGtjfbL
/fhgLlts ;+/rgf /xbf PsTjjfbsf]
babaf /x]sf] lyof] . To;sf /fhgLlts,
;fdflhs, ;f+ : s[ l ts cjz] È x¿
lg:tfgfa'b eO;s]sf 5}gg\ .
xfd|f aLrdf /x]sf] PsTjjfbL lrGtgn]
klg xfdLnfO{ jf:tljs dfn]dfjfbL
cWoog z}nLaf6 ljd'v u/fpg ;S5
. xfd|f nf]nL af]nLx¿nfO{ lbzfxLg
agfOlbg ;S5, clg xfd|f k|j[ltx¿nfO{
e|li6s[t kfl/lbg ;S5 . h;n] ubf{
xfdL ;fdGtL clwgfosjfbL ;+:sf/n]
u|l;t aGg ;S5f}+ .
o;/L oL ax'njfb / lg/k]Ô PsTjjfb
xfd|f cWoog z}nLdf k|j]z eP eg]
To;}af6 xfdL cl3 ef}ltsjfb /
cWofTdjfbsf] bnbndf km:g k'U5f}+ .
clg xfdL ju{ ;+ 3 È{ eGbf ju{
;dGjosf] jsfnt ug{ yfN5f} + .
To;kl5 Pdfn] nufot ;+ ; f/sf
v|'Zrf]jkGyL ;+zf]wgjfbsf] b'Jo{;gLn]
xfdLnfO{ uf“Hg]5 .
xfdLn] clxn] ´g\ a9L cWoog ug]{
a]nf xf] . b'Zdgx¿sf] eo/lxt jftfj/
0Fdf xfdLn] cWoog ug]{ cj;/ xf] .
zf:qLo cWoogb] l v ;d;fdlos
cWoog;DdnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ xfdL
;Ôd 5f}+ . t/ xfdLn] k9\g] afgL
5f]8s ] f 5f}+ . s'g} klg zf:qLo ljÈoj:t'
cfp“ b f vnnv kl;gf sf8\ 5 f} + .
;d;fdlos cWoogdf klg 4GbfTds
ef}ltsjfbL PsTjjfbsf] k|of]u gu/L
b[li6sf]0F agfp“5f}+ . ju{ lg/k]Ôtfdf
^
sfo{gLlt, /0FgLlt to ug{ vf]H5f}+,
of]hgf / sfo{qmd agfp“5f}+ eg] lglZrt}
¿kdf dfn]dfjfbnfO{ xfdL cjd'Nog
ub} { x ' G 5f} + . clg hfgL ghfgL
;+zf]wgjfbsf] u'lnof] rf:gLdf xfdL
d'06f] hf]Tg k'U5f}+ .
xfdLn] cWoog ug]{ ljlw eg]sf] 4GbfTds
ef}ltsjfbL PsTjjfb xf] . clxn];Ddsf]
;a}eGbf j}1flgs ljlw oxL g} xf] .
h;af6 xfd|f] bz{gzf:q dfS;{jfb
lgdf{0F ePsf] 5 . o;sf] dfWodaf6}
dfS;{ / Pu]+N;n] j}1flgs zf]w /
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qmflGtnfO{ v6\s]sf] pxfFx?sf] dxTj
emg} k|uf9 eP/ cfpbf] /x]5 . s'g}a]nf
cfkm' ; + u } glhs} /x] / sfd u/] s f
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cl:tTj Oltxf;s} kfgfaf6 gfd] 6
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