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Now let’s see how to detect discontinuities when a function is defined by a formula.
EXAMPLE 2 Where are each of the following functions discontinuous?
1
x2 x 2 if x 0
Resources / Module 2 (a) f x (b) f x x2
x2
/ Continuity 1 if x 0
/ Problems and Tests
x2 x 2
if x 2
(c) f x x2 (d) f x x
1 if x 2
SOLUTION
(a) Notice that f 2 is not defined, so f is discontinuous at 2. Later we’ll see why f is
continuous at all other numbers.
(b) Here f 0 1 is defined but
1
lim f x lim
xl0 xl0 x2
x2 x 2 x 2x 1
lim f x lim lim lim x 1 3
x l2 x l2 x2 x l2 x2 x l2
exists. But
lim f x f 2
x l2
so f is not continuous at 2.
(d) The greatest integer function f x x has discontinuities at all of the integers
because lim x ln x does not exist if n is an integer. (See Example 10 and Exercise 49 in
Section 2.3.)
Aşağıdaki grafikler yukarıdaki örnekteki fonksiyonların grafikleridir.Her bir durumda grafiği kalemi kaldırmadan çizemiyoruz,
çünkü bu grafiklerde bir boşluk veya bir kesiklik veya bir sıçrama ile karşılaşıyoruz. Burada (a) 'daki ve (c) 'deki süreksizliklere
kaldırılabilir süreksizlik (f yi x=2 noktasında tekrar tanımlayarak bu süreksizliği ortadan kaldırabiliriz), (b) 'deki süreksizliğe
sonsuz süreksizlik ve (d) 'deki süreksizliğe de sıçramalı süreksizlik (fonksiyon bir değerden diğerine atlıyor) diyeceğiz.
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