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Lect 5 - 7 - Shell Momentum Balance
Lect 5 - 7 - Shell Momentum Balance
Lect 5 - 7 - Shell Momentum Balance
By Amol Deshpande
11/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
Introduction
Objective
To obtain velocity profiles for laminar flow of fluids
Requirements
Definition of viscosity Molecular and Convective momentum flux expressions Concept of momentum balance
Flow of a falling film Flow through a circular tube Flow through an annulus Flow of two adjacent immiscible fluids
Transport Phenomena
Introduction
Problems/Systems
Steady Flow Laminar Rectilinear Flow Velocity function of one spatial variable
Momentum Balance (Rate of Momentum In) (Rate of Momentum out) + (Force of Gravity) = 0
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Transport Phenomena
Boundary Conditions
Solid Fluid Interface
No Slip Condition
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Transport Phenomena
11/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
Postulates - Assumptions
vz= vz(x) , vx = 0 ; vy = 0 p = p(x) End effects are neglected Steady Flow Incompressible Fluid Viscosity and Density are constant
11/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
Shell - Surface
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Transport Phenomena
11/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
Momentum Flux
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Transport Phenomena
Velocity Distribution
Newtons Law Of Viscosity
Velocity Distribution
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Transport Phenomena
Profiles
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Transport Phenomena
Other Quantities
Maximum Velocity Average Velocity
Results obtained (Velocity, Momentum flux distributions) Valid only for Re < 20
Experiments play a vital role in Fluid Dynamics
16/08/2011 Transport Phenomena
Postulates
vz= vz(r) , vr = 0 ; v = 0 p = p(z)
16/08/2011 Transport Phenomena
Shell Surface
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Transport Phenomena
Momentum Balance
Overall momentum balance
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Transport Phenomena
Boundary Condition
16/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
Velocity Distribution
Newtons Law of Viscosity Boundary Condition At r = R, vz = 0;
Velocity Distribution
16/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
Other Quantities
Maximum Velocity Average Velocity Mass Flow Rate
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Transport Phenomena
16/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
18/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
Velocity Distribution
Newtons Law of Viscosity Velocity Distribution
18/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
18/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
Other Quantities
Maximum Velocity Average Velocity Mass Flow Rate
18/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
Boundary Condition
18/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
Velocity Distribution
Velocity
Boundary Conditions
No Slip / Continuity of velocity
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Transport Phenomena
18/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
18/08/2011
Transport Phenomena
Problems
Rederive the velocity profile and average velocity for a falling film problem by replacing x by a coordinate x1 measured away from the wall (i.e. x1 = 0 is the wall surface and x1= is the liquid gas interface.
18/08/2011
Transport Phenomena