Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 4

RNI: APTEL/2008/26472

Registered: VSP/169/2010-2012

q |\ s*dT\ nkdjTwH sb+~+q kesYqT Xys+


dy\jT+ $&T<\ #dTq | eTTKeT+ <y<s sq]+V,
+ nX, y+fX ~sT\T.

\T>T ~q|

$XK|+, 08`12`2012 Xys+ d+|{: 5 d+: 51 N|t m&sY : m.\HsjTD |J\T: 4, y\: sbsTT

+>dt~ T+

|< b: u
(|dT|{ H>sE, eTqdeT |~)
| \+>D sh n+X+| +<+ H\ 28e
Bq @sT #dq n\|+ yTT< +>dt
b yK]d+ & #keT \T>T<X+ b
({&|), ymksY +>dt (ymk) dw+ #dq
H|<+ |dd n<&T u dHsjTD X
ys+ d+~+#sT. sh $uq n+X+| dwyTq

n_bj\qT y\&+#*q |P] u< {&|,


ymk +{ || bH +< u H=
#bsT. +<, sc\ +>dt b |uT\T
HsTT. n+f e b~ T+ |< b
e+{~. T+ |< @ n+X+|qsTTH T+
duT\+<] n_bj\ \TdT es
sj eksT. n> n\| deyX+
L& $| b\ y{ n_bj\ y\&+
#*. s +>dt b q n_bj e+
#d sj edT+~ nHsT. 2009 sh
eTTKeT+> q =DC{ sXjT &d+sY 7e
Bq \+>D n+X+| sV+q n\| de
yX+ +>dt n_bj e+ #jT<
|dd n<&T >TsT #XsT. || b\ n_b
j\qT e+ d]+ +< *bs, y{
|s+ &d+sY 9q +<+ |q #d+<
|s=HsT. |syT & &d+sY 28q ]>
n\| deyX+q s b\ n_bj\qT
+>dt d]dT+<HsT. \+>D n+X+| +>dt
eTT+<T> m+<T yK] y\&+#*? n~s+
q b \+>D n+X+| n+<] n_bj\
d]+ T~ sjT+ rdT+T+~ nHsT.

=sT deTd |]cs+ d+

\T\ d<+: eP]


(_. d+<sD, eTqdeT |~)
|eT ><e] =sT b+ |\ deTd\qT
|{+#T+f +<, sh |uT\ es+> <s
#|&q @\sT m+| eP] k+ese V#]+#sT.
bdt \T\T ]|H ujT|&~ <, s, dT\qT q&e
#~ < dw+ #XsT. &d+sY HKsT |]cs+
#b\ |T{sT. @ >&TdTH =sT b+ |\ d+
e +<, sc\T s+ #dH HjT Xys+ $K
sT\ e{&q eP] eT+&|&sT. =sT dsdT |]~
e# @&T eT+& #+~q 128 >e\ dTesT @&T
\\ eT+~ |\T |\T deTd\ HH +<T\T |&TT
Hs k+ese +<q e+ #XsT. 80 y\ ms\ yTs
$d]+ q =sT dsdT |]sD d+ 9,000 #sTe\qT
<+d+ #XsHsT. {e* \yT TbqT e\ =sT u>
1.25 \\ Ld\ es< sT e #s&+ =sT b+
eT+ eTT+< @\sT m+| |s=HsT. b++
s&T yd+<T nM n~sT\T deT+#b> d+ eTs
eTT\qT L& #sTT+#&+ <HsT. yT s&T ykeT,
|]De\qT m<TsT+{ eT #bsT. n+ eTT+<T =sT
b+ |\T, n& H\T eP] \TdT y] deTd
\qT m+| <w rdTe#sT. ~ +&>, +>dt d+
dTBs \+> |#dTq b H\ >T]+| <&+ <
k+ese |s=HsT. >+ q +&, > 47 d+e
s\T> qT bdyT de\+~+#> |*+ +&
bsTT+< nHsT. eTD>\ b ss> du y[
m|t&| ]q z{+> bZHqHsT. H\ +< qT
deT]+q sJHe qT |{ T& HqHsT.

Xdqdu o\

deyX\T qfH?

(.mdt.\, eTqdeT |~)


md, md dubH _\T y<+
d+ {e\ ]q Xdqdu
| deyX\T |X++>
eTTd n~s +>dt b
*$* |j++< ?
&d+sY 10e B qT+N Xdq
du o\ deyX\T sT>T
jT | deyX\
eTT+<T sV+q _md dey
X+ rdTq sjT+ e\+
|| T yd+<T?
sh |uT+ rsT #d |
|X\ \+ #Ls +~.
_md ssTT+q |s+
Xdqdu o\ deyX\T
]> d#q\T |+#&+ <T. +<T d++~+q d+\qT k |dd n<&T, syD
eT+ u dHsjTD djT+> #sT. md/md dubH _\T y<+ b+< Xdqdu se~
ysTT< |&q+<Tq, &d+sY 10 qT+N o\ deyX\T+&e |s=HsT. o\ deyX\T
s>\+f ~X> sh eT+esZ+ sjT+ rdTy*. nq+s+ o\ deyX\ $T+ sh
XdqduqT deyX|sTdTqT >essY eTs= H{|wH y* n u nHsT. >, Xdqdu
o\ deyX\qT sV+# $wjTyT sh |uT+ + sj s< d++~ esZ\
<s *d+~. eTs| &d+sY 16 qT+N +>dt b yT<eT<q d<dT sT>qTq+<Tq <j
Xdqdu o\ deyX\T ]> neXeTT+< *d+~. nsTT, md/md dubH _\T y<+
*|+<T &d+sY 10q XdqeT+&* deyXeTeT+~.

sdu zfjT {&| m+|\T

(*y& s$esY, eTqdeT |~)


sdu n+ \yTq m|t& n+X+| #sq+s+ Xys+
]q z{+> \T>T<X+ b ({&|) #+~q eTT>TZsT m+|\T
bZqbe&+| n~H #+<uT HjTT&T c >TsjsT.
z{+> q+<eT] V]w, dm+ syTwt\T bZq>, dTH #<],
{ <y+<sY >&, >T+&T dT<sD du sT. s> sD\|
y<T\qT d+|~+#+<T dTH #<], <y+<sY >& jT
y[qT #TTHsT. >T+&T dT<sD dT| q q
+<TeqT |seT]+#+<T V<su< e Xys+ <jT+
& ys, nsTT, dsq deTj sdu ybsTTqT
|s=HsT. ~u< edTH $d+ b<j q
{&| n~H #+<uTHjTT&T eT m+|\ >ssT de#s+
n+<T>+ >TsqT *d+~. m+|\T duH +&
m|t& es+> zT yj* +~. MsT m+<T n& sT?
n q dVT\ e< s rdqT *d+~. |]DeT+|
eTT>TZsT m+|\ qT+N $esD rdTy\ uT ssTT+#TqT

de#s+. sdu m|t&\ es+> zT yj\q ~X>


eT m+|\ {&| $|t C #jTq|{, Ms+ du +&
es+> zT #ksH n+#H b +~. < n+X+|
>TsTys+ du ]q z{+> {&| #+~q <T>TsT
m+|\ >qT q\T>TsT bZHsT. eTs m+| syTwt s<&
(~u<) b n~H eT sT|Tq b<j
bZHsT. >+ bs nDT _\T| 2009 bsyT+{ z{+>
]q|&T n|{ {&| duT\T> q eT+< >H<+, &
~Xe\T b $|tqT ~]+ _\T nqTL\+> zT ydq
d+> *d+<. ~Xe\T zT #\< dsY |{+#sT.
yTT+> \T>T<X+ duT\ #s\T \\+ dw+#sTT.
m+|* +>dt yTHC #d+~...!
n+ \yTq m|t& n+X+| Xys+ sdu #sq+s+
]q z{+> \T>T<X+ b ({&|) #+~q m+|\T dTH
#<], <y+<sY >&, >T+&T dT<sD bZqbe&+ |{ b
\\+ dwdT+&> M] +>dt b yTHC #d+<+ _C|

dVs m\ s#sD s|\q

www.manyaseema.com

H\T yU+ |+&T| s+ #sT. m|t&| sdu


z{+> |]d b{b{> +&+ duT* ({&| sdu
duT\T) +>dt yTHC #d+<, +{ sjT & +>dt
H\ eT+ H|DeTTq< _C| djTsY H, sdu m+| m+
y+jTHjTT&T yU+#sT. sdu _C| | H |wt
y<sY d+~d s b\ duT\qT yTHC #jT&+ +>dt
>\ keTs ~ (z{+> deTjT+ {&| m+|\T be&+)
eT#TTq nHsT. +>dt, {&| d++<\ ~ dwyTq <VsD
n+ +<|<X b\ d++<\qT jT\T #keTHsT.
>, _C| H\ yK\| dTH #<] eT+&|&sT. qqT yTHC
#d d +>dt @ ] <T. y] ksTT HqT n+<qT nHsT.
eT n~H #+<uT n& $esD keTHsT. du kjT++
4.30 >+\ z{+> n =\T *d+<, deTj ]
e#jT>\q u$+ &sY e< y[s> n|{ >T eTdXs
|s=HsT. |]DeT+| <y+<sY >& dVT\T e{&T eje
eT<Te&+ ||+ $jT+ k~+#< #bsT.

+> \+>D bsT!

(m. cs&, eTqdeT |~)


| \+>D sh k<q d+ bs+ #j\
\+>D sh d$T ({sdt), usrjT q b (_C|),
\+>D q>s d$T ({mHmdt)\T ssTT+#sTT. q>s+
kj $X$<\jT+ sY X\ b+>D+ Xys+
kjT++ ]q n\ usrjT $<] |]wY (m_$|)
\+>D $<] eTs sDu] Vs+> du eT&T b\
H\ bZ |d++#sT. Vs+> du e{&q _C|
shXK n<&T wH s&, {sdt Xdqdu | H f\
sC+<sY, {mHmdt eek| n<&T H>+ Hsqs& |
sh k<q d+ +> bs&\ <{+#sT. |
sc H\=\&+ +<+ jTT|m d+s |uT+
$|\yT, \+>D dwyTq eT<T |{+q mjT
eyT @ |ejT+ n H\T H= #bsT.
\+>D| +>dt, ymk, {&| b\ s+&T H\\
<sD m+&>&eT V#]+#sT. \+>D| dwyTq
yK] y\&+q ymk, {&|, +>dt +{ b\qT
m\ deTjT+ b++ b<j\
nqTeT+#s< m_$| d+<s+> rsq+ #d+~.

jTT, usY V$TwH m<T

n\|+| #s +&<T: u &X +<qsT\ |<sq

(.mdt.\, eTqdeT |~)


+>dt d<dT dVs m\ s#sD s|\q| #s
+T+<, n\ |+| #s +&< |dd n<&T, eT+ u
dHsjTD dw+ #XsT. V<su< Xys+ jTq
e{&T n b\ #q\T, $<H\T \TdT \+>D|
+>dt b sjT+ rdT+T+< #bsT. 2009 &d+sY 7q
]q n\| deyX+ \+>D| +>dt q n_bjT+
#|< >TsT#XsT. dTyTq n+X+| n~cq+ d$k+<
*bsT. \T>T eTVdu\ <c n\| deyX ysTT<
yj\ >T+q; C<qT ]qT y\&+#sT. +>dt d<dT
n b+\ deTd\| #s sT>TT+<HsT.

u;| dT|+ y<q\T...


q&: u; bC sD+| dT|+ sT eTVsh, +<|<X
|uT\T * |Ps y<q\T n+<CXsTT. u; bC| *
|Ps y<q\qT n+~+#\ qe+sY s+& ys+ s+&T
|uT\qT dT|+sT <++~. u; sD+| sTsc\
bT |\T sjT b\T |{wH <K\T #XsTT.
VQdHk>sY |q |qT\T...
V<su<: VQdHk>sY |q |uT+ ls+ #T{+~. q>s+
$$< b+\ qT+ VQdHk>sY e# H\ e< |P&r |qT\qT
eTTKeT+ sDYesYs& > $w]+ bs+_+#sT.
nq+s+ n& @sT #dq du dm+ |d++#sT.

(nH| dsHsjTD, eTqdeT |~)


]k jyT] b++ $y<d< > e\qT
*|j\ sT +<qsT\T & usY <s\jT+
m<T sdq |<sq\T sV+#sT. +<T +&\T, y|&T
eT\T, yT>bqT $j+#sT. jyT] |sb+\
y~eT+~ ]qT\T e\ es+> usY |<sq\T
sV+qT y] |~ sT $&j #bsT. usY
dT|+sT L& y<+ +| q u{ e\qT *|j\
rsT+<HsT. >TsTys+ kjT++ e\qT esdTq
d#+<d+d bsTT y<+ <s+ usY V$TwH m<T
sdq |<sq sV+#sT. $y<d< yT+>qT y<+

*|j\ H<\T #XsT. ]k |uT yT+> s=swH,


y<+ +| eT+< y<M\ qT+ s=swHqT
|d+V]+#\ ssT. y<+ +| jTT ]dsY nsTT+~.
\+&H k m#+C qT+ y<+qT |d+V]+#\ ysT
&e+& #XsT. +<q u>+> =+eT+~ ss\T _\s
e~] yc\T ydT V$TwH <s+ e< u |]eD+
eT{ bsuXsT. <+ |\ y+<T me] M\TbsTT+~.
d+|Tq \es|&q V$TwH n~sT\T \+&H bdT\qT
|*|+ eT dsq sD m+<T *+#< |+#sT. eTT
$&j |fC \dTHeT +<qsT\qT >T]+# |jT+
#dTHeT ysT de<q$T#sT.

d>s{ |\| |#T\ eTe!

(.$. X+sY, eTqdeT |~)


|D\T, q>s\ |#T\T *$$]bjsTT.
yT eT > |sqJe\T #s+& $ d>s{
|\T rdTe n& |&TTqT d+{dT\T
qT>=HsT. n+> M{ yT |#T|<s+ y{
|\\ yT |sT|> +T+< n$
\TdTHjT ysT #TTHsT. Hwq n{HeTdt
jTe]{ #+~q Hk+{H edjdt >]j
H+ dTesT 57 |#T>qT n<jTq+ #XsT.
d>s{ |\ e\ qq |sT>T\T > #s+
< ysT qT>=HsT. dsd]q >&T 8 es
|\qT qT>=HsT. |DH>] qT eT
n\yqT |#T\T mesT>*>jT ysT
|]X<q #dTHsT. _H sjT kd{ |#T]+#
s j\J sY e>CH n<jTq $es\T

|#T]+#sT. |D\ <s+> +& >e\


|#T\T ydqy< yTT\ u>\qT eT
> |&TTqT >eT+#sT. $ L& |sT>T\T
> #s+& s~dTqT \TdTHsT.
|+\qT, |]XeTqT b> | nsTTq
{HqT |sT>T\T s \T #s+&
s~+#+<T $jdTHsT.

bH u+|+ ]sY d| 7.3


(mH . dHsjTD, eTqdeT |~)
bH sT u>+ Xys+ |qTu+|+
d+u$++~. ~ ]sY d| 7.4> qy<T nsTT+~.
{ dTH$ V#] C #XsT. nsTT ~
$dyTq~ < { |d| dTH$ V#]
+<+ *|+~. |\T ujT|&s< ]+~. Xys+

yeCeTTq 5.15 >+\ |+|q\T


d+u$+#sTT. sTrs+ |\T dTs b+\
by\ ssT. > |we nDT+<+ u<+>H
+< {m\ +| |q *|+~.
{ mq ueH\T +|+#sTT. eT ]
eed\ |e<+ < +|PsY eed\T H{e]+>
eed\T d]>H |#dTHjT u+ |t bH
|q *|+~. wHe q>s+ 1 $sY mTq
n\\T q>s+ |\ |y+#sTT. s+&T >+\
sTy dTH$ V#]qT |d+V]+#sT.
|\TesT>jT|&s y] d+K ssD <
bH |uT {$ mHV#Y |ks+ #d+~. d+&jYT
$eHXjT+ sHy\qT F #dTqT |H
msTTsYydt |~ j {>T #bsT. d+&jYT
y |qT s<T #XeTHsT.

2, $XK|+
=* \T>T ]q ~q|

eT Hy...
@_bjT+ |sT <>T&TeT\ eT bs+uyT+~.
\+>D $wjT+ +<T n\| deyX H\ 28q
@sT #dTqT +< V+XKeT+ w+& #dq |q
sw+ eT sjT y& s>T\TT+~. H\sE\ yT w+&
\+>D n+X+| e{&T dMT| u$wT B| z
deyX @sT #keTH |{+#sT. d+~{ d&MTj
nqT o\ deyX m|t&\| $|\ y& sEq
H|<+ \+>D m+|\T e+ yMT |qT \+>DH
eTTKyTq n+X+> u$+ \+>D| @<H |q #d >
deyX\ VsT eT n* sTHsT. m|t&\| $|\T
|f rsH MbjT #j\+f n* sTq {-+>dt
m+|\q+<] <] rdTe#+<T w+& n\|+
H srXsT. 2011 ]q n\| deyX+ lw
$T{ y~| $d ksTT #]+#sT. d+<s+> sT
|b<q\T deyX+ eTT+<T e#sTT. n> lw $T{
q k+ n_bj\+ eT&+{ y~ y\&++~.
sjT b\T eT n_bj\qT @yTq|{ dw+> #|
e# $T{ q y~ y\&++~. |b<H |&T
\H=| sDyT+~. dTBs \+ #] q +>dt b
$T<+> dsq sjT+ rdTbT+~. dwyTq n_bjT+
n+ #_ m& @ b++ #T edT+<H~ ujT+. @
sjT+ rdTq sw |\+<] d+| |]#~> +&be
&+ sw+ s+&T b+\T> $&bsTT +<q n&T
T+~. sw+ n|< b nsTTq +>dt dwyTq sjT+
rdT+f sw |\ m+ yT\T. sc >
jsT#d |] # qeTH <sD eeV]dT+
&+ e\ \+>D deTd n+H~ +{ s>T\TH
+~. B &T |<q ||yTq \T>T<X+ L& s+&T
d<++ |sT de+<, \+>D b+\qT
b&TH+<T |jT+#&+ L& @_b j $\Te
nH< +& bsTT+~. +<eT+ w+& @sT #d
n\|+ L& deTdqT +<T <T.. e\+ m|t&
>+&+ qT+ >f+<Tq n+<] \TdT. <Xu\T>
\+>D deTd n =qk>TH H, m|{ |&
* |XeTH\T #|+ <e #s&+ +<+
+& b\\ n\yT> e]+~. 1969 #Hs&
HjT+ |< mTq \+>D <eT+ s*+~.
< +<, sw |uT\T \+ nDyXsTT. eT+
|<e* <eT HjT\qT T+ #sT. H&T
*+> \+>D <eT+ d<TeTDH n~ |\
sE+H +~. \T>T<X+ qT+ jT eq
#+<XKsY \+>D sw d$T @sT #d eT \+>D
<e ssT. n~ |&T eT&T n\|\T, sT
sVs B\T> k>T e+<~eT+~ $<sT\T
eT+ *<H\T #dTH ksTT m~+~. nd\T
n\| deyX+ @_bjT+ n+ k<yTH n
|+#T+f m+&ey nH de<q+ edT+~. deyX
]H |+|+# $wjT+ dw s+&T b\ eyT
+~. n~ {sYmdt >, eTs{ d| CrjT b nsTTq
d| @b+ HqT |+|+H.. CrjT HjT+ rdTH
$<q sj T& eyT n_bjT+ y\&dT+~.
{sYmdt m>T ] |+|+ \+>D neds+| y~dT+~.
s+&T b\T | $T*q eT&T |<q b < +<T\T
< HsTT. +>dt, {&|, yjTksY d| HjT\T
=] |+b? < <]q |+b? nH $wjT+ squsq
|&TTHsTT. y \+>D b+ #+~q ]H eT
|~> |+|+#\ eT&T b\T ssTT+H de+<
b++ sjT #T s>T\T=q |<T. |{ de+<
C@d yTs eT&T b\ d+\T |+|&+ L&
]+~. +<, sc\ n~s+ +& \+>D # neX+
H +>dtb n~]+> +es q yK] @$T{
VsZ+ #jT&+ <T. n+ kjTeT <jT n+ #T
jT&+ +>dt m+|\ ds k<sDyTbsTT+~. m+d|
\+>D| \Tk+.. #~.. #~ yT n+ {-+>dt
HjT\T &, V<su< #|&+ $TqV b n~H
kj>+B eTqdT @eTT+< +es jT y\&
<T. d+ |dd ksTT L& B| dwyTq yK] rdTq
<K <T. n+|&T n_bjT+ H b
qT+ @ $<+> n\| deyX b s|q |b<q\T
rdTy &eTH~ . #+<uT $wj ed \+>D
eTT es+ < #|&+ | sw @sT $wjT+
Hb +<+|q.. +>dt |q yd +\+ HTe#sT.
{e\H |sT&TbdTq yjTksY d| $wjT+
+>dtqT n\| deyX+ sTq |f ~X> yTqT
n_Cq esZ\ u>{. e+<sE \+>D keT #|
_C| yTT<{ qT+ n\| deyX\qT esd <s+>
+T+~. eTJdt B qT+ \+>DqT esdH +~.
n+X\qT |]o*dT+f +>dt HjT+ e\+
j|q dyT n\| deyX @sT #dTq< nH
nqTeq+ \>|<T. \+>D $wjT+ @_bj
edH eTT @ sjTyTq rdTH+<T M\eT+< >
V+eTs <+s+ qT+& H{ w+& es < esd.

Xys+, &d+sT 8, 2012

sduq >*q jTT|@

(dV#Y. >b s&, eTqdeT |~)


jTT|@ |uT+ sdu ]f s+>+ $<o||T&
n+X+| Xys+ ]q z{+> $jT+ k~++~. m|t&
nedse e< nH rsH y\ 123 zT, e< 109 zT
|&sTT. 14z yTC]{ |uT+ $jT+ k~++~. z{+>
eTT+< dey~ b y{ #d+~. dH f+&T\sY | n+<sT
H$THf& m+|\T |uT nqTL\+> zT #XsT.
fdt ddt sT>TTq+<Te\ dH z{+> VsT <T. n+
eTT+<T n+X+| $| |uT re y<|y<\T
]>sTT. yDeT+ q+<Xs duqT |<e |{dTHs
jTq e|D #b\ ||\T ssTT. rsq+| eT+
|d+dT+&> du s>& s>+ dTesT >+ d| ysTT<
yXsT. 2002 mH&m Vj+ |D[ d+|T+ y~ |s+
]f s+>+ 100 X+ $<o| |T&T\qT nqTeT+#\
q u>\qT eT+ #~$ $|dT+&> >=&e bs+uyT+~.
d+|T+ y~ mH..d+> $T{ dbsdT\qT ++#sT.
d+> |&T C&jTT duT> HsT. eT+ |d+> jTq
K+&+#+<T \&> m>Te du #sH jTq
e{&+<T nqTeT+#<T. <+ {m+d, mm, yeT|\T
n+ \d \& d+> @$T #|<\#s eTT $H\
&e+& #XsT. $T{ #sH < mH..d+>, ]f s+>+
m|t&\qT |P]> deT]+#s eT+ n+THsT. e\+
|sqT eyT ++#s<T. H+~ eyT #TTHsT.
es @$T ]+B #|+ <T. d+>qT e{&jT+&. n
_C| H nsTDY C{ nHsT. yTT+ $|+ d+> eT<T
|*+~. y~ es> #|q d+> eT+ |k$+#<
eT+&|&+~. duqT |<e |{dTHs +<T |uT+
e|D #b\ &e+& #XsT. duT\T Lsy\ &|P{
#sH |.C.]jTH $| #dH |jq+ bsTT+~. es
eT<V+ 2.30 >+\es duqT ysTT< yXsT. #s
de<q$Td m|t&\ e\ q ybsT\ sT\ qw+
\T>e#q y<qqT eT+ n+ eTT+<T K+&+#sT. <X+ 11
sc\T, |<q sT d+|\T,ybsT\ d+|\T ]f s+>+
m|t&\ eT<T|\TTqT eT+ #bsT. |uT sj
eTT<T qT j sc\ #s\T ]|qT #bsT. qT 14
sc\ dm+\ #s\T ]bq nHsT. n+<sT
eTTKeT+T\ K\T sjT> 19 eT+~ d+~+#sHsT.
|uT sj eTT+<T _C| n<&T H >& ]
eT+ |.<+s+ #s\T ]bsHsT. eTqT d+|~+#+&
|uT+ @| sjT+ rdT+<q y<qqT d|#sT. <X+
neTq 35 X+ Ls>jT\T, |+&T $jT+ +&
e< neTqT eT+ #bsT. m|t&\T ed =qT>
n~eTejT n e<qT n]e# nHsT. $|\T
eT+ |qqT K+&+#sTT. +< eekjTeT+ Xs< |ysY
ys \T #s q+< Xs duqT |<e |{dTHs
s|+#sTT. |uT \ @~ dsq< C{ |+#sT. |ysY
#|+~ e < n \BXsTT. +>dt duTs\T |usLsY,
+&|+&+{ duT&T neTsY d+>\T e{&T 2002
m|t&\ eT<T|*q _C| |&T esk+< $eT]+#sT.
@ esT nsTTH yTT<{ esks nHsT.

fs]dT\qT e<\+: w+&


usY ] |> #& bsT>T<X+ eTT+sTT 1993e d+e
s+ esTd|\T b\&+< +<yT eT+ dTwesY
w+& nHsT. <eP< V+ dVn+<sT fs]dT\qT &
s|+ $#sD #sTTkeT X|<+ #XsT. eTq ] eedqT
H_q+ #d+<T b q s eTT~+ |+|D #k+<
#bsT. 1991 ] d+dsD\ s usY ]+> o|T
|s> k~++< #bsT. ~ #d b qT {+<HsT.
<+ 1993 eTT+sTT |\T |#q Vd+ n+~++<sT.
{$T& >|t seT+ jTq e{&sT. b XjT+
b+<TTq |\TesT fs]dT\qT & s|keT, #|s+
|&T #keT #bsT. +<Td+ n+srjT d+d\
\d |#dTHeTHsT. >H\ syT ]q n+srjT bdt
d+d +sYb deyX+ e{&T usY fs]dT
sb\ b\&qysT b dTs+> Hs XjT+
b+<TTHs #bsT. +<T eTe< k\THjTHsT.
n| |{wH $#]k+...
q&: bsyT+T o\| deyX\ s ] $~+q
fs]dT n|>TsT e_ |{wH| <w k]keT +<yT
eT+ dTwesY w+& #bsT. Xys+ {$T& >|t
q +s jTq e{&sT. &d+sY 20q bsyT+T
deyX\T eTT>TksTT.n| e_ |{wHqT sh| |Du
eTTK sd]+#sT. n|qT ]rj\ _C| edq b\T
|T|&TTHsTT. eTTd+ zT u+qT dTs+> +#TH+<T
+>dt <sy< $<H\T ne\+_k+< ||{sTT. > osY
nd+; n| nqTL\+> > @&~ rs+#sT. jTqqT
]rjTs< n& #du yTC]{ duT\T rs+#sT.
usY dd+|T+ >T]+| s<T...
+< & eT+ XK Xys+ +&jTH nyT#sY u+>
nkdjTwH(m_m|t), +&jTH s nkdjTwq >T]+|qT
s<T #d+~. |{ n+srjT u+> nkdjTwH usY
dd+| dd+& #d+~. {e\ ]>q d+|T+ m\
nee\T ]>jT n_j>+ y|+~. usY d+|T+
s|D\qT K+&++~. eT m\ |jT bs<s+>
]+< *|+~. $wj +<&eT+ +<sY d+>
|{+#sT. ~ +&> n+srjT nyT#sY u+>
nkdjTwH, usY dd+| dd+& #dTqT |{++~.
yTs * <X\qT C #d+~. n+srjT d
d+| nujYT d+> # H+ eVdTHsT. jTq usY

*+| d+| L& H+ eVdTHsT. n+srjT *+|


$T{ |{ +&jTH *+| nkdjTwH qT dd+& #d+~.
ddqH ]q =~ sE\ s usY d d+|T+| L&
yT |&+~. ds+& kH qT+ n+srjT d d+|T+
&d+sY6 q |q $&T<\ #d+~. n+srjT *+|
$T{ usY *+| $T{ >T]+|qT s<T #dq H|<+
n+srjT d d+|T+ H&T n+f &d+sY 6q ]q
deyX+ usY d d+| dd+& #j\
ssTT++~.{e\ ]q usY d+|T+ m nee\T
]>jT *dq s sjT+ rdT+~. n+srjT
d+|T+ n+X+| <s| #k+~. n |q *bsT.
Hu $T{| d+{dT <y...
eT\D\T(dyT d) |]X<q yTTyTT< $wj\T
|{q (|jsY) d+{dT sT s+>+ Hu VQeH
sT\ q+<T Hu nd+; $T{| dT yXsT. s+>
j+> >T yTT<> H |]X<q\T #Xq #TTHsT.
bH #+~q wH jTe+ _H #+~q CH >TsH
|sks+ e+ | jTq eT+&|&TTHsT. yTs
s*Hk Hd{ Hu nd+;| *b]j sT
dT yXsT. d b>$T+> (D\ sD |jT)| |]X<q\T
#dq+<T | <sT Xgy\ @&~ nsT Hu VQeq+
\_++~. y<T\ e\ DC\+ HXqyTq|&T eT\D\qT
n_e~ #d kq+ = DC |yX|e# M] |]X<q\
<s y\&+~. n_e~ #+~q D\qT eT dVd nsTTq X
D\T> sb+s+ #+~+#e# ysT s|+#sT. M] $cs\
e\ D\qT ns+ #dTe+ dT\uyT+~. JeC\ n_e~
\TdTe+ dsyT+~. n Hu s\ d+|T+ |q
|s=+~. n+> y<T\ n<jTq+, ssD |<T\ yTsT>T<\,
\ = neX\T |+#jT y\&++~. qT 1984H
|jTqT qT>=Hq 73 <X\ 20 $T*jTq eT+~ *q>j\
yTsT>q b+<+<T q |]X<q <V<+ #d+< q |{wH
>T |s=HsT. q |w Hu nd+; u+>+ *++< y\&+#sT.
]y{ d+ $<] V...
{M ]y{ d+ n # eT< q $y<+ V <]
rdq |Tq Xys+ y\T>T e+~. +#Hu> bdt dwH
|]~ q V|C uuq>sY |Ts+ ]+~. bdT\T *|q
$es\T HsTT. ]j, n$H nH k<eTDT\T >TsTys+
eT +{ {M #dT+&> @ #H #&\H $wjTyT <] eT<
|TsD +~. M] >eqT >eT+q *<+&T\T |<esTT nsTTq
]j yK] esTy\ >~+#sT. M] e\ u<|&q yT
y]+{ ||q ] ydT V b\&+< +#Hu>
du qdsY kH uc #bsT. ] ydTq ]jqT >eT+q
|<\T y+H >~ \T|\T |>T\>={ d$bq >\ zyd
dT| rdTsT. b+<T yT bD\T $&+~.
=H <=]q {e& qT&T...
&+sY, XsU |]DjT+ e+{ |\T \ qT&T n_w =H nH
e<<e+ bdT\ <=]bj&T. V<su< d+Jes&q>sY
bdT\T Xys+ nss yVH\ F #dT+&> k&
sT nqTeq+> |dTq n_w, n dV#sT&T <=]sT.
y] F #jT> 10 >eTT\ =H \_++~.

Ve+&| eP] |sY


+>dt <dq| @\sT eT+H\T

(|.{.HjTT&T, eTqdeT |~)


+<eT+ esZ+ #T <be&+ re eTqkb >Tsq
@\sT m+| eP] k+ese q |<$ sJHe #dq
<]$T\ Xys+ @\sT q nqT#sT\ u{ sV+#sT.
+>dt b eTTK H\ u$wT |D[| CsT> eT+H\T
k+#sT. nq+s+ MT&j e{&q eP] +>dt
n~cq+| re ksTT ndVq+ e+ #XsT. {&|, |Cs+
s b\ qT+ eq y] +>dt b n~
b<q dTHs <yTsT. b qeTTq ss\ @
|jq+ #jTbTHs y<q e+ #XsT. +>dt
b C+&qT @ s& ydq ysT |uT |s+> @< |<$
n&T>TTH @B |+# d qT +&bjq, ss\
>T]+ n~cq+ |{+#Te&+<HsT. ss\T m|{
ss\T>H $T*bTHs nHsT. s b\ y] b
|<| ydTq|&T >se+ m <T+<, n+|&T
+>dt b m =qk>>\eT |+#sT. sj >se+
q|&T n+{ b M&&+ | neT+<HsT. q
T+u +>dt b 90 @ nqT+<+ +<, q
nqT+<+ d+{yT+{ L&Tq<HsT. qT <
d+{yT+{ +>dt =qk>TTHq, nsTT bjT

q+{ y] e~*+#Ty\ #d HMT #jTq nHsT.


n+eTT+<T =sT b+ HjT&T |T+k\ eTV\sE
eT]=+<sT eP] >{>H y~+#sT. =sT deTd|
#+~q eT+T\T e{ ed+esY, | dHsjTD
|{+#Te&+<, |uT+ n~sT\T deTdqT |]w]+#
bjsHsT. es +>dt b MTs=s eT n+&>
Hs, =sT deTd |]cs+ MT q X~, n+
ue+ eTse] eHsT. +>dt b neeH\T u]d
m+ e+ =qk>e< >{> y~+#sT. eP] @ sjT+
rdTH =sT |\ n+& |P]> +T+< jTq dw+
#XsT. n< deTjT+ eP] bT deyX+ bZq
\sT #+~q myT y+seTD dyT+< $wjT+
eTT + eTT+<T rdTq sj T& HeTHsT.
myT y+seTD {sYmdt n~H dsY| |\T #]>sT.
&sY dsY n+ V#]+#sT. V<su< de+<T\qT
+&eeT dsY V#]d de+< mes #T\T
eTT&T#T Lss V#]+#sT. eP] L& dyT+<
$wjT+ q $<H eTsk] dw+ #XsT. n\|+
+>dt b dyT y< T& +&\ &e+& #XsT. =sT b+ H\T ePV+>H ymksY d| #s& s+>+
~ +f m+| eP] jTq ud> q y+seTD d<+ #dT+THsH~ #s L& CsT> k>T+~.

m|t& y<+| nyT] Vs+

(|.eTVX], eTqdeT | |~)


\s es+ $<o | |T&T\qT nqTeT+# _\T us
bsyT+{ y<+ \_+#&+| nyT] Vs+ e+ #d+~.
Be\q q es\, $j><sT\`sT|\L \_ #LsT
T+< $<X+>XK |~ esY {qsY Xys+ yw+>H $&j
deyX+ #bsT. us |uT H\T #|qT m|t& e\q
q ybsT\, sT\ neX\T @s&jT, eT*edT\
s+>+ |T&T\T |sT>TjT nHsT. $j><sT\
u+ #Ls&+uT Vs<s\T >TZjT #bsT. #H,
u\dV mH n_e~ #+<TTq <X\ >H usY
L& $<o | |T&T\ es{\T n_e~ #+<TjT
nHsT. |\T nyT]H d+d\T usY \ses+ |&
|& d> HjT *bsT. _\T d++~+ sjT
|jT eTTd+<, nqTL\yTH, esyTH B| |s
n_bj\T e+#jT& neX+ \_++< #bsT.
nyT B n+ VQC d+d\ }&>+
m|t&\| sdu $|\ <+
|\ ydy\T *j\ +>dt m<TsT<&
\s es+ $<o | |T&T\qT nqTeTd |uT+
rdTq sjT+| sdu s+& sE L& #s ]+~.

#s d| s|q &.sC e{&T jT|@ |uT+ nyT


B d+ |#dTHeT #T+~. VQC d+d\T,
s=s{ d+d\ d+ #d y{ =eTT d }&>+ #dT+<
$eT]+#sT. qX b duT&T s+Mdt bXH e{&T
eTq+ 20e X+ edTH+. 18e X+ H{ yq y
THeT nHsT. @<H e bs+uy ed _C|
duT\+<s bs+uy Vses e+>+> nHsT.
es |uT+ s|q +< yD XKeT+ q+<Xs $esD
d du mes |X\T eHs ys+<] yT
#TqT. |\ ydy\T *j*q neds+ +< nHsT.
|uT #H $<H\T du <s |\ *jT Cb*q
u< +< |s=HsT. eTT m|t& |b<qqT #eTT+<T
m+ V+esY #XeT *bsT. <X+ <<| 18 sT
d+|\qT d+|~+#eT, n> $$< sc\ sT |<T\
n_bj\qT d]+#eT y\&+#sT. nH &m+ duT&T
e]jTH <+ e{&T m|t&\| HqT sdq s MT
HjTs\T ] de<q+ sXs >TsT #XsT. n> 19eT+~
eTTKeT+T\T eT m|t&\| n_bj\qT *jTCd
|Ts+ #s *bsT. d+<s+> _C| HjT&T
nsTDYC{ C+ #dT e{&T eTT m|t&\qT

esd ] |Ts+ |+beT nHsT. B eT+


|=&T ||\T eT k+ | \&\ Ve
|*sT. & nqedsyTq $wj\T e{& nd\T $wj
|<] |{+#e<, deT>yTq, dwyTq $esD |uT+ y|
qT+sy* +< nsTDY C{ |s=HsT. mH&@ Vj+
bs s+>+ m|t&\qT nqTeTd H&T |uT+ rdTq
sj eTT es+#< eT+ q+<Xs *bsT. ~
+&> H{ sdu m|t&\| #s eTT+| <X e
z{+> |uT+ d<eTeT+~. sdu yTT+ 244eT+~
duT\T +&> eje |{ |uT nqTL\+> zT
ykq |{++~. rsH y*q d+U \+ 118.jT|@
\+ 94eT+~ >, 10eT+~ H$THf& duT\T \T| <
\+ 103 edT+~. +<T |U &sT&T dH f+&T\sY
e#Y &TTq+<Tq jTq z{+> VsT e&+
<T. B+ jT|@ d+U \+ 103 #]+~. deCy~b
y{ #d |uT+ qT | bsTTqT >f>\<T. |{
|<qeT+ eTHVH d+> >TsTys+ s H$THf&
duT\+<] djT+> bH #d z{+> bZH*+~> ssT.
dTs B n|Ps eT<T...
dTs B #|{q d n~H jT|X HsjTD q BqT

Xys+H&T $s$T+#sT. dTs <eT+ d+ jTq


T<ys+H&T 72 >+\ BqT #|{q $wjT+ *d+<.
+~sbsT e< sVdTq B Xys+H&T |dd n<&T
u dHsjTD, \+>D sjT Cmd #sH <+&syT,
usrjT q b djTsY H +&sT <jT, d <s\T
seT[, es& us<, $<sT\T, d#+< d+d\
|<T\T e C| d+|Tue+ *bsT. ymdtsY +>dt b
H, myT p|P& |usY L& eT<T *bsT. |dd
n<&T u dHsjTD e{&T dTs <e
eT<T \T|THeTHsT. sc y*+~ n$ sV b\q
n #bsT. $<y #T seTjT e{&T <\,
>\TbeTT\ T \& dTs b\q edT+<HsT.
dTs b\q se&eT+f mmdt #~$q+ dT\Te < nHsT.
] bs+.. sjT bs+.. ke bs+.. dTs
<eT+ $T& +{jTHsT. C| #|{q dTs <e
d+|Tue+ \T|THq #bsT. ~ +&> n+<s *d
ed n$ s\q k<eT H\T |s=HsT.
uVD s>s+ kBq+ #dTy*
&| uVD s>s |uT+ kBq+ #dT
y\ {mH{jTTd n<&T seTDs& &e+& #XsT.

Xys+, &d+sT 8, 2012

eTqdeT

$XK|+, 3

|... CsT Z+<{...! q#|


|]XeT\|

(mH.dHsjTD, eTqdeT |~)


| =+u }sT ]+<q~ |{ kyT. , |&T
e\+ 9 }sT s>& L& n~ deTjT+ rdTe&+ |\T
$dbTHsT. >+ sH s\T k]+> #d|&T y>+>
>eTkq+ #s$. |&T s yTsTT ddt (sYm+mdt) $u>+
eyT s\T k]+> #dT+&&+ &*e n+T C|+
\T>T+~. s \T, s sc\ d+> <e&sT>T...
q>s+ \ qT+ eTs \ L& s\T #s&+
$| C|+ \>&+ C <Td. $XK|+ bXK
bdtedsY qs s\jT+ |]~ H\T>T \ yTT+
2368 u+#Y bk|dT\T, 395 dubk|dT\T, 16es V&
bk|dT\T HsTT. $XK sYm+mdt 90 s <s sE
d>Tq 18y\ es s\T edT+{sTT. $XK qT+ s
b+\ y*q$, s b+\qT+ $XK eq s\qT
& k]+> #dT+{sT. dTesT> 12@ + es s
s\T k]+> #d|&T d\+ n+<$. |&T e\+
sYm+mdt $u>\H k]+> |jT s>&+ n+T C|+
\T>T+~. <jT+ 9 >+\| yd s\T e+< $s
|]~ sC kjT++, | <s+ +f eTsTd{sE <
sTy sE &*e njT$. <VsD $jTq>s+ <jT+
9 >+\ ydq s+ $XK, nq|*, T, seT+& es n<

sE kjT++, s b+\ s+&T eT&T sE\ n+<$.


+<Td+ s sYm+mdt +bsYyT+{ bXK n< f~.
|&T bXK d<TbjT+ |d+V]+#T+~.
<jTjT+> sYm+mdt...
bXK \b bwdTq sYm+mdt $u> @s&
jeT\T be&+ q d+~| |& |]b+~.
s>T\sY d+~ #<&Ty<&T> +Tq 70 eT+~ W{k]+>
d+~ 2010 =\+#&+ d+~ c\T s{+|jsTT.
$XK &$H 330 eT+~ d+~ |#dTHsT. $XK
sYm+mdtH e+<eT+~ |#dTHsT.
$> eT#TTq\T...
@&~ p 20e Bq &c sh+ X+|PsY ydq s+
$XK |<ysY eddTq eJ bdtedsY >dT 18q
#s&+ >eTHs+. n+f s+ &*e ns 28sE\
deTjT+ |{+~. $XK q>s+ |n+&{ \ bk|dt >dT
|< Bq ydq s+ #s*q e >dT 22q n+~+~. n+f 12
sE\ deTjT+ |{+~. H\T>T \ bk|dT\ eq
s\T sE kjT+ $XK, $jTq>s+ sYm+mdt\
#s* +~. n& k]+> #d bk|dT\ y> u>T\T |+|d
d]bT+~. ] k s\T eT& sE n+<*.
& s\T se&+qT, |+|&+qT C|+ sT>T+~.

$XK eTq+ ||+# u+ <s | bC


(eTqdeT |~, +|*)
$XK eTq+ | \ k>T n<T+> +< ||+# u+
| <T\T |X+d+#sT. $$< <X\ #+~q 21 eT+~ |<T\T
Xys+ b&sT |{ @|m|t&d | \qT d+<]+#sT.
nq+s+ \ qT qT ]qT\T k>T #dTq | \qT
|]o*+#sT. jTeTH <X #+~q eTV< dVtd|t, VjT>;<,
U< VjYTdyT, nT <$T, >*H, V<sYeTV<, nV< n
d|, nV< dV<n, eTV<n, eTV< Vr+, qyTn,
nT ywH<, qsYn nV<, ~HnTn, VdyT d|t
eTUT, yH yTd{esY (u*jTH), $sV+> (kY=]j),
sY sYdT& |{ y (<|j), sjT |sTU d~H ~ j
(CsH), ws <q |sTU eTV< < (CsH), eTq <X
#+~q ||+# u+ |~ d+jYT\+ <+ HsT.
CrjT >$D b~ V$ |<+ <s H\T> qT+ | \
k>TqT bVdTHeT &e |& dksTT lydt +<
$e]+#sT. >Ts>sTe, y<|*, $TqTeTT\sT >e\ #+~q
]qT\ +< duT\T eTT#{+#sT. | sT\ wdTU\qT

Tq $<ojTT\T
(eTqdeT |~, jT\eT+*)
usrjT d+d {|& eg<sD. eTT[ Vk\
n_y<+. |<e\| #s> <sVd+. usrjT d+|<j\|
n+T eTeTs+... ys+ |eTTK < d+d sY |t
*$+> duTq |\TesT $<ojTT\T. sY |t *$+> d+d
<s+ Xys+ |\TesT $<ojTT\T jT\eT+* |D+
bT |\T >e\qT d+<]+#sT. & y< bsX\ j>
D seT+ bZHsT. nq+s+ >e d>T\qT
|]o*+#sT. d+<s+> bH #+~q d|H e{&T
||+# <X\+{ us<X d+d d+|<j\T #
>=|eHsT. us<X+ eT& T+ eed #
>=|< |X+d+# sT. & |\T dV|Ps+> +{s,
n<T\ #d qeTks+ m+ #|<>Z<HsT. &
d+d @ <XdTH CVsT |\*+<q dw+ #XsT.
|+&{ s$X+sY >TsJ odT\T |\+<] n+<Cj\H
<X+H $XK ys+ sE\bT |#s se
#|{eTHsT. >e\ |sq y] sd|& q
V]<dT ysT |DeT+ #d n b{\T ~>sT.
seT+ s #+~q {&, sY |t *$+> d+d sh
`]HsY dT<sY, m.>+><sY, m+.seTT bZHsT.
ds n~sT\qT n&Tq sT\T
~u<: syT] eT+&\+ *(_) >eT d$|+
\Te| bC sD+ d+ ds eq n~sT\qT Xys+
sT\T n&THsT. ds, bC sD d\+ X+| dsD
y[q ]>w H & >+><sY, @\T H>sE, sCwt, dsjTs
J|qT sT\T n&T y>< ~>sT. sT\T e{&T
bC ]+ #e< >+q n~sT\qT n&THeT,
eT se&+ sjT < +< s|+#sT. bC
sD+ ueTT\T bjT, eekjT+ #dTe&
u$T +f eTT < n |+#sT.

n& \TdTHsT. ]q eTV\ \d ~+k q+ #XsT.


||+# u+ ] kjT+ eT <Xq u ksTT |
bCqT neT\T #d+<T @sT #dTHeT +<+ duT\T
*bsT. ysT =~ d| $sT\ e{&sT. & eTq
ns_ s+ | ||+# y|+> |sT+< ysT #bsT. usY
| k>TqT |P]> n<jTq+ #d eT <Xq $d]+#+<T
& eqT *bsT. m+{ ny+#jT d+|Tq\T
s>+& b&sT d >|PsY, mdt n|q <s+ bdT\T
+<dT sV+#sT. seT+ mHsYJmdt @|&
#e], b&sT m+|&y .$.{sE, s n~sT\T bZHsT.
| $#sD VsT n~sT\T
(eTqdeT |~, nq|*)
| <T\ kV| $#sD n~] L& VsT be&+|
|\T >e\ ]qT\T, ]q d+|T+ |<T\T >V+ e+
#XsT. n~sT\T q V$ T+> =s $eT]+#sT. |\T
>e\ ]q sT\ #*+#*q | bV <T\ kV| >
H\ 24, 27 B $#sD sV+q $wjT+ $~yT. <T\

&md d]| |]o\q T~ >&Te s|

(eTqdeT |~, nq|*)


&md`12 b<$T m+| C_ |sTH.. d]| |]o\q
>ssq y] ~ysyT T~ >&Te $<XU~] =qT
wyD Xys+ *bsT. # eT+~ nusT\T H\ 15e B
es >&Te+< u$dTHsHsT. sE T~ C_ Ksse
T+<, 9q L& >ssq y] nqsT\T> |{keT dw+
#XsT. C_ q nusT\T $wj >eT+#*+~>
d+#sT. yd+ d+ T : &md m+|q nusT #
eT+~ |yT> #~$qysTHsT. n+{ ysT yd <TMsD
|+ #Ty* +~. sT ek| rdTq |H
deT]+#*+~> <+#&+ M] T yTT<\jsTT.
VosT s\j y `de +<\ yeT #|HsT.
n y n deT+> ] d]|{ se& d+ 15 sE\T
|&TT+< nusT\T ybTHsT. |u<T\ myT m+.$.mdt.
Xs B| sY $.Xc~ *d $q|+ L& n+~+#sT.

H&T =+& >T& |+&T>


$XK|+: q>s+ sdtV |D eT]jTeT =+&>T& |+&T>
Xys+ s>qT+~. +<T d++~+ #]esZ\T $d @sT
#|{sTT. |D eT]jTeT #], >TV e< ~e |P\T
sVksT. ye CeTT 3 >+\ qT+ nss es |P\T,
bsq\T sT|sT. sh y|+> y~ eT+~ u\T s*eksT.
bsT, bdT\ dVs+ |+&T> sV+#qTHsT. qe+sY
29qT+ #] |+&T> bsq\T bs+ueTjsTT. |<q
|+&T> eTT>TksTT. k dsTT+{ nddt bsX\ b+>D+
|e\ sVksT. eT<V+ 2 >+\ bsX\ qT+ sT
=+&>T& |<D #ksT. 1848 $XK du &> |#dq sdt
M~ qT= q msTTq =+&| n+<yTq +>
]+#THsT. 1867 seTH <* $TwH +>qT =qT>\T
#d |$yTq #] ]++~. n|{ qT+ | @{ H\
|DeT]jTeT |+&T> sVksT.

(eTqdeT |~, e&T>T\)


b&sT @C #|{q CrjT >$D b~ V$ |<+ ds
y>e++ #j\ {&@ H#] |y, CsTT+{ sY
|MDYesY <+#sT. {&@ s\jT+ Xys+ @sT
#dq deyX+ jTq e{&sT. $<TY d<TbjT+, >T{
ks\T, | <T\ #*+|, sD |qT\ |>| d$+#sT.
sD |qT HD b{+, d\+ |P] #j\ d+#
sT. 100 sE\T |D[ |qT\qT |e] H{ |P] #j\HsT.
| sT\ #*+#*q _\T\qT bs<s+> #*+#\ #bsT.
|, d\sY z, J& \ sT\+<] u+ U\T sy\
<+#sT. | <T\ #*+|\| edTq |s<T\| $#sD

#j\ | dVjT d+#\\qT <+#sT. |, d\sY z


sT\ deT+> #*+|\T ]> #&*q u<
m+|&y\|H +<HsT. CrjT >$D b~ V$ |<+ ds
H\ 21 H{ |P] #j\HsT. B| eT+&\ |~sT\T
<w k]+#\ ssT. b&sT b] X<+ yTsT>T|s\
eT+&\ |~] <+#sT. deyX+ z
m+.>D|se, {&@ @|y |.$.mdt.HjTT&T, ]q d+eT &&
_. eT*sTqs&, |+#jTr sC _.n|\HjTT&T, ]q
d+eT XK m+.sY..HjTT&T, >$D { ds|s $u>+
seTDeT], | dVjT d+#\\T .syVqse, 11
eT+&\ m+|&y\T, mHsYJmdt @|&\T bZHsT.

syq ]sT\ D+ nedsyT s.400\ qT+ s.500\T,


\dyT s.200\ qT+ s.300 es, |{<sT bdt |d\
eeT y\H +THjTq $eTs\T $|dTHsTT. q
esT& |sTq q swH L|qT #+<T q|* MsYz >dt
d+&sY =eeT+TH& eT+<|* uT\T nH e s|+#sT.
swH L|q 10 sE\T> sT>TTHq ybj&T. eeT
qy syq q~sT\ |s<T #jTbe&+ syq
d+~ esyT+~. eeT <s s> |qT\T eTT>TdT+&+
|s<T #d+<T <sUdT<sT\T yq&T>T ydTHsT.
HH U\ <s eeT...
@d; u&< |\TesT syq n~sT\T, d+~ HH U\qT
$jdTqT \Tk+~. eeVs+ mdt.sjTes+ eT+&\+
n~+> sT>T+< de#s+. syq n~sT\T +~ksTT
d+~, <+f eT +<Te\ U q+s <s eeT ed\T
#d @d; L& +& |+#T+THs *d+~. HH
U\ <s eeT, \+#\T rdTe&+ @d; L& dy>
e]+~. \+#\T, eeT rdT+Tq y] m>H |fk+.
HH U\ <s n$ b\&q|{ e | +>
|T&sT. @d; &md y+fXsse |s=HsT.
H&T, s| mdt s |\T
(eTqdeT |~, ;eTT|+)
mdt s |\T X, ~ys\ s>qTHsTT. s+<
224 mdt bdT\ u d++~+ $XK sT +<
|\T sT>TsTT. $XK s+C &J k\ H+ @sT
#XsT. 1200 bdT\T +<dT sVdTHsT. 163 d$, 33
s& ]sT, 28 eTV mdt bdT\ $XK, $jTq>s+,
l+ \ #+~q 5518 eT+~ nusT\T s |\T

sjTqTHsT. T\jT X\ eTV nusT\ d+ |


+<+ @sT #jT>, |sTw\ @jT |]~ <s$<
+<+, sY X\, eTsY X\, m+;@ X\, +]+>
X\ | +<\qT @sT #XsT. <jT+ 9 >+\qT+
12 >+\ es ||sY`1, eT<V+ 2 qT+ 5 >+\ es ||sY`2
| s>qT+~. s+&T sE\ | d++~+ &J <s+
eT&T \ md\T, &md\ bT yTT+ 1200 eT+~
|sy+#qTHsT. | >~ = &md +{sT. |
+<\ yeTT+< nusT\qT V+&yT& &fsY, &sY|+ yT
&fs <s F #ksT. j yT{ y*eTT<\ dsD s
| +<+ nusT\T nqTeTksT.

b~ V$ |<+ ds y>e++

$ de.. syq je!

(eTqdeT |~, mdt.sjTes+)


n$ s~+#*. bs<s+> <Te|\+~+#*... n<
\+ $ de +<\T @sjsTT. k+ b\
|&dTHsTT. syq XK| <s|&TTHsTT. n<
XU~sT\ #y{ sDeTeTHsTT. <=&<]q |qT\T
kbTHsTT. @d; V&dT+&+ @+> HH ed
yTT<\jsTT. n$ s< XK e\ mdt.sjTes+ eT+&\+
eTes+ MsYz e&+ syq d+~ V&k+~.
|{<sT bdt|d+ n<q+> u$T qy<T s.4 y\T
rdT+ MsYz @d; |T&sT. $ de +< \,
<jT, yd <TMsD |\bT n&+>/|VD, m|tm+;,
$Ce|t, sYzsY, &|{ |{<sY bdt |d\ d+ <sUdT
#dTH neX *+#sT. $ dy +< k+ b\ e\
syq de\T n++ e+>H n+<TTHsTT. $ de +<
|P]ksTT ]sT\T n+<TuT be&+, |&T
de#s+ syq ]sT\ d+ MsYz\T, syq n~sT\|H
<s|&* ek+~. B+ >+ e~]>H #eT+~ syq
|qT\ MsYz\T, s$q d+~H XsTTdTHsT. @d;
|T&q eTes+ MsYz L& $ de s>*q | H
djT+> |P]#kq+ \+#+ rdTe&+| q~sT\T
<wk]d eT] dT>T\T jT se#q n_bjT+
eeTe+~. |<mTq eeT n\yT |&q MsYz\T,
syq n~sT\T L& $ de <s ]> |qT\qT L&
<=&<]q #dTHsq s|D\THsTT. mdt.sjTes+, q|*
eT+& syq eeT eeVs+ Vs+>+>H sT>T+<q
$eTs\T $|dTHsTT. & <sUdT<sT neds {
eeT >T+ETHs de#s+. n&+>, sYzsY, 1_ ~s

d++~+q | +#be&+| s+&T ksT $#sD ysTT<


yXsT. 27q ]q $#sD ]q d+|T+, | sT\T +<q
#jT&+ 10 sE\ |P] ksTT ]sT\ $#sD sVkeT
| @& syVqse, > m+|&y $.$.syVqse V$
#sT. ysT #|q 10 sE\ >&Te Xys+ eTT>TdT+&&+
>eT+, *+>{, u+>s+, +], H\ |+#jTr\ qT+ sT\T,
>yT d+|T duT\T u+>s+ >e e#sT. s+ n~sT\
d+ +#sT. n~ sbe&+ >V+ e+ #XsT.
]sT\ sTesT $#sD k>B...
<T\ kV yde+ e&+ e n~sT\T $#sD sV+#+&
|+#T+THs ]q d+|T+ HjT\T m+.dsHs
jTD, u+& duT, eTsE $eT]+#sT. n$ yqT
>eT ksTT n~sT\ qT+ eT+ es Hs s|+#sT. n+<T
sT\T, |C d+|\T s+&T H\\ qT+ sdq\T \T|Tq eT+
NeT{qT L& < ysT $eT]+#sT. ]sT\T sTesT #d+<T
$#sD k>BdTHs s|+#sT. q~sT\T d+~+
| <T\T Cdq y]| ]q #s\T rdTy\ &e+& #XsT.

(.mdt.\, eTqdeT |~)


~u< +<+ dd |qsT<sD #+<uT
#=se #|<T.. |*+> b XX+> eT|&+~.. n|
& #+<uT ]+ +f ysTT eT+~ |> ]\T
s&Tq |&ysT <T. 1978 ~u< dyT+{ s=swH
|t +&j(dd) eT+ps+~. n|{ 782 ms s.60
|uT+ k|++~. eTs 2y\ ms\ d\+ E
rdTHsT. 1982 >dT 15q bs+u+ > =
+\ s+& yD |s+> dyT+{qT |j+#<T.
1984 yT n|{ dm+ mH{sY, +< u |]XeT\XK
eT+ HsjTDY<Y y #T\ $<T> dd C n+
+ #XsT. n|{ qT+ 1991 es =qkH s.22
qc #$#d+~. n|{ |< |M q]+>se qq
] $<H\T |yX|&+ 1991, 1992, 1993 ] d+e
s s.10 u\T >&++~. |uT+ M |< s<T
#jT&+ &{ {sTT+ |\T *#sTT. 1993 qT+
Z <q ejT+ |]+~. <X+ qc q 10 jTqT
(~u< \T|=) 1996 ;m|tsY |&+ ]+~.
1998 dd |P]ksTT *+~. B+ 425 s>T\sY
<>T\T, 625 eT+~ +{ ]\T s&Tq |&sT.
sTT\T e| #jT<T...
dd d++~+ s.32 sTT\T sh |uT+ e|
#j\, +<+ qT+ s.50 T eT+psT #sTTd b
|qsT<]+#e# ] d+|\T n|{ dm+ #+<uT
#T ]H jTq #=se #|<T. d+es+ s b
|qsT<sD +\T |]>sTT. |]dT +< |uT
] XK ~u< dd jT{qT eTdyd sT\T
C #XsT. nsTT n+eTT+< b |qsT<]+#\ dd
]\T VsTqT XsTT+#&+ +< |uT ] XK
sT\T neT\T H#T<T. VsT d e&+bT |dT+
$#sD +&&+ b |qsT<sD }^d&T+~.
|]q us uu u<T\T...
dd |uT s+> d+d> < |_, |y{ eT& u>k
eT+> < $TXeT u>keT+ |qsT<]+#\ ]\T
sTTHsT. nsTT |qsT<sD us+ |]+~. B #+<uu
u<T\ ] d+|\T s|dTHsTT. *q sC
#+<uT #=se rdT= +f e ejT+ |PsjT~.
|dT+ s.120 T {sTTdH |qsT<]+#+<T ks+
+~. B bd{ ~es 1200 yT{ qT\T +&>, 1600
yT{ qT\ |+#* +~. $Twq ]|sY #sTT+#*
+~. sh |uT+ s.32 sTT\qT e| #jT&+
|+ |qsT<sD s 5 d+es\ >&Te q
|+ dd n +\T =*> neX+ +~.

s|\ d+ y{ @sT...
(.mdt.\, eTqdeT |~)
s|\ d+ p bsT y{ d<+ #dTHsT. p n~sT
\T eTdj qT+ s|\qT s & rdTsqT
HsT. +<T u>+> eTdj +<+ > H\ $XK p
bsT qT d+<]+q $wjT *d+<. Bd+ eTT+<T>H
& p bsT |+> y{, H{ jsT #dTHsT.
Xys+ Cd; d\+ #<TqT #XsT. s|\T & #sT
=Hd] y{ d<+ #keT p LssY .seT*+>+ *
bsT. +\ y{ d> u>+ s|\ {sTTdTHeT
*bsT. B d> |{ qT| r>\ +# @sT
#XeT, +<T H{ d+ |H<T\T eTHs $e]+
#sT. > eTdj qT+ $XK s|\qT rdTse&
n& p n~sT\T $eq+ d+ nHwdTHsT. s|\qT
& s*+#\+f 10 n&T>T\ mT>\ $eq+ +&\
p LssY #bsT. q $eq+ \_+q y+H #H <
V<su< y{ rdT= n& qT+ $XK s&T esZ+
<s s*ks #bsT. Bd+ =~ sE\T deTjT+
|&TT+<, n|{> p y{ d<+ #keT #bsT.

sCe dH bs+u+

(eTqdeT |~, b&sT)


b&sT eTq+ @&~ sCe dH bs+uyT+~. |+
~>T& <X #sTe&+ ]q sT\T M{ d]+
m+&u{ neT\ ls+ #T{sT. Xys+ b&sT ys|
d+ s.40 <s ybsT\T b{|& =qT>\T #XsT.
> @&~ H k] bs+u <s s.10 |]+~. b&sT,
.e&T>T\ eT+&\ #+~q ]q sT\T sCe
+\qT rdTe $sTT+#sT. @&~ sCe |+
\+ TbqT u qw+ y{*+~. @C 11 eT+&q
2301.83 Vs |+ qw+ y{*qT eekjT XK
n~sT\T s]+#sT. |]dT ~>T& e>H
+T+< ybsT\T u$dTHsT. sCe ~>T& >Z&+
<s |sT>TT+< ybsT\T #TTHsT. > @&~
bs+u+ s.30 =qT>\T #dH yT| <s |]
s.50\ #sT+~. ]q dVs d+d L& > @&~
ybsT\ b{ |& s.48 #=|q 600 +{
=qT>\T #d+~. > @&~ =qT>\T #dq sCe \\T
dTesT 30 \ es ksC HjT yT<q
b+\T ybsT\T #TTHsT. Jdd =qT>\T #dq
sCeqT $$< b+\ s*+ neT\T ]|+~. ]q
d+eT Xe\T, Vd ds|s #d+<T + 48 +{
esL Jdd e< \ HsTT. b&sT .{.&.m. |]~ 11
syq eT+&q @&~ sCe +\qT u>H
=qT>\T #keT ]q dVs d+d (Jdd) &$q yTHsY
#+<XKsY #bsT. e# ys+ qT+ d+ =qT>\T +<\T
@sT #jTqTqT $e]+#sT. |dT+ bs+u <s s.40
+<, sCe =qT>\T @C n Jdd u+N\
yTHsT, s n~sT\ <X\T C #XeT *bsT. >
@&~ =qT>\T #dq sCe +\ Jdd m+{ qw+
s<, \\T L& e>H HjT, |sTTyT
ybsT\ b{> TuT <s ]q eekjT T
\qT =qT>\T #dTqT |X de<q+> #bsT.
ymdt |<\ s<T |uT
(eTqdeT |~, q|*)
sDYesY |uT+ = |<\T eT+psT #jTb>
~e+> H ymdt sXKss& |<\ eT+>+ b&\
|jTk+< bjTse| myT >=\ use
s|+#sT. jTq Xys+ q|* $s e{&T
ymdt Vj+ nsTq | ] | \T eT+psT #d
d\+ _\T\T #*+#ys *bsT. b\r+> |
] \T eT+psT #XsHsT. jTq eTsDq+s+ =>
\T {sTT+#b> ymdt Vj+ eT+psq
H{es _\T\T eT+psT #jT&+ < s|+#sT.

4, $XK|+

eTqdeT

~>T& ~>T\T

s&$ \es+!

nq< n\+

(eTqdeT |~, nq|*)


nq<qT n\+ #dq TbH s*bsTTq s L&
sDeTe+~.. dT&>*, &yq #s sTqT
#TTeTT{, \qT eT{b\T #dq $\jT+ |&T #s
s>s\ jeH\ >T+& #* |{k+~. TbH
nq+s |]De\ e\ ]e| m+{ |ue+
+T+<qq u+> |&T s>s\qT y~k+~. zy|
es<\ e\ dV+>H #s < q>, eTsy| b&q s&
e\ #sqT d\+ >qT>& M\T ]e >TZT+<q
ujT+ y+{&T+~. |{ H\T>T dT>sY b\T
w+> d<eTeTHsTT. H\ |~ qT+ #&es+, 15
qT+ +&e, 21 qT+ @{=b #s w+> ls+
#TqTHsTT. nq|* TeTb\ #s s>s+ w+>
m|&T bs+_+#B + ssTT+#<T. TeTb\
$TqV $T*q eT&T b\T eT+ ]e\ u\ uH
|jTdTHsTT. {e\ d+u$+q es<\ #s |+ sE\
s& {H e+&bsTT+~. eTTq |+ #es
<q&+ HD D+, ~>T& >Z |e<+ |&+~.
n nqTL*d ms 40 qT\ #s ~>T& edT+~.
TbH < 5 qT+ 10 qT\ esL ~>T& ZbT+<
eekjT Xgy\T |{ n+#H e#sT. eTsy|
es<\ <{ |\T s&T u> < HsTT. b&sTTq
s& #es |P]ksTT eTseTT\T ]> neX+
|+#&+ <T. |*+> |&T j #s s>s\
|]~ #sqT b\ s*+#&+ sT\ wk<+
qT+~. B+ {+> ss q]q #s d\+ s>s\
#s sTe ZbjT M\T+~. sE\ s& q]q #s
b +&bsTTH, qs+& +#dH eT ~>T& |&b
T+<q u+> sT eeTe+~. TbH <{ <q
#s ]e >TZT+< s>s\ jeH\T L&
n+#H ydTHsTT. TeTb\ dT>sY (8 X+) $TqV
$T*q eT&T b\T d>Tq 9 X+ |H ]e k~dTHsTT.
n+<Te $ u\qT ]+#>\T>TTHsTT. eTsy|
d+es+ @{=b, TeTb\ #s s>s\T +
\d+> w+> bs+_+#qTHsTT. TeTb\ w+>
+ eTTVAs+ <s<T. ~ L& ]e| |ue+ #|
neX+ e+~. | eq #s me sE\ bT
qs+& e+ ~>T& bT ]e L& ZbqT+~.
qT #s qT+ +{ |+#<s s>* e+~.
B |~ X+ ]e> ksT. |~ X+ ]e k~+q
b\T u\ u |jTdT+{sTT. ]e X+ ZH
s>s\T u> qwbsTT. |*+> sT\ # uqdt,
bV q><T, ;e, s kjT+ e+{$ jeH\T
Z+#d neX+ e+~. | TbH |+ <+<
~>T\T #+<TTq #s sT\T |&T ]e Z m+{
|*\qT #$ #&* +T+< nH +<q HsT.
$XK y|+> |+ |j>\T
(eTqdeT |~, q|+)
e] |+ ~>T& \TdTH+<T @&~ y|+>
3766 |+ |j>\T #j\ ssTT+#eT CrjT
|+\ ;e |<+ |~] dHsjTD #bsT. .>+>es+,
|&b\, sT>Tb+ >e Xys+ b e]|+|
|j>\T #XsT. d+<s+> 5 $s b&e, y&\T
q e]|+qT d m+ <q+ ~>T& e+< =*#sT.
nq+s+ dHsjTD e{&T @&~ n
|+#jTr\qT 664 jTT> $u+ M{ 3,766 |+
|j>\T sb\ ssTT+#eTHsT. |{es 40 X+
|j>\qT |P] #XeTHsT. n~ X+ ~>T&T\T e>H
e#jTHsT. nsTT<T $s b& e, y&\T q |+qT d
q] 12 qT+ 14 J\ <q+ ~>T& sy\HsT.
T#jT|, N&& eT+& 3 J| <q+ e+<
#bsT. eesb+ eT+&\+ 9 jT 42 |j>\T
#j* +&>, |{ 25 |P] #XeTHsT. @&~
\d+> e]HT yjT&+ e\ ~>T&T\T >DjT+>
>ZjTHsT. HKsT |P]ksTT |j>\T sV+
y~qT q~sT\ n+<CkeTHsT. seT+
@mdty us, Ms dsHsjTD bZHsT.

(eTqdeT |~, ..M~)


|mJ@ ysy\ d+<s+> zy| eysTTdT\T, eTsy|
bdT\T mT\T, |mT\ d+#]d +&&+ eTq+ ~
yesD+ H\=+~. nT eysTTdT\ d+ bdT\T eTTeTs+>
>*+| #s\T #|&T +f, eTsy|q eysTTdT\T #| +<
sT> ]q >e |#s+ kdTHsT. <+ me]esT m<TsT
|&s, @+ sT>TT+<qq +<q H\=+~. |mJ@
ysy\T |r >eT+ |Tq+> sb\ eysTTdT\T
dTHsT. M{ u>+ #j\ bdT\T L+_+>
sVdTHsT. > s+&T sE\T qT+ qT+ eTq+
esTeT\ >e ey\ n>H\T $d+> Vs+> du\T
sVdTHsq | de#s+ eTq+ b&sT, .e&T>T\,
eTT+#+|T, |<jT\T, +|*, J M~ bdT dwq qT+

dTesT 500 eT+~ bdT\T, dw b, @|mdt|,


dsY|m|t bdT\T esTeT\ >e eTTeTs+> L_+>
sVdTHsT. |<jT\T, eTT+#+|T d]V<T, eT~>sTe,
>eT+, +], uw|T, C$T>T& b+ bdT\T L_+>
sVdTHsT. $Twj duT\T q >e\| me> <w
|{ >*dTHsT. ys+ sE\T> =+<sT bdT\T n&eH
d+#]dTHsT. yVq F\T eTTeTs+ #XsT. >+ |mJ@
ysy\T |Tq+> ]q b+\| | | |{sT.
eysTTdT\ | ePV+...
eTq+ =H> |mJ@ ysy\T $jTe++> sVdTq
eysTTdT\T k] s+ +& >e ]qT\ *d
|#s+ kdTqT \Tk+~. @{ |mJ@ ysy\ yTT<{
qT+ + @< b++ ]qT\ eT< |+&>
se\T sV+#ysT. B e\ Hss de#s+
b+<, Vs+> du\T ]q b++ bdT\T
$Twj| <w |{ neT dT\T qy<T #dTHs HjT\T
u$+ @&~ |< e]qT \Tk+~. s+>
se\T #|+& >e y[ $Twj eed |
w #dTqT de#s+. |@J@ ysy\T eTT>TdTq|{
eTq+ eysTTdT\T m& u Vs+> du\T @sT
#jT<T. B { ysT C> |&TTqT \Tk+~.

Vd+> ed| nd+; |k$k


n~sT\ myT use V#]

(eTqdeT |~, bjTse|)


_\T #*+|\ d+ +~seT \_<sT\ qT+ \+#\T ed\T
#dTq >V sD d+~| nd+; |k$kq bjTse|
myT >=\ use V#]+#sT. jTq Xys+ eJ myT
#+>\ y+se \d q|* eT+&\ |]wY s\jT+
eT+&\ksTT n~sT\ d$ deyX+ sV+#sT.
d+<s+> sjT|, CqjT|, d+b+ ~s >e\
#+~q |\TesT \_<sT\T e{&T eTT sD\T
|P]#dq|{ _\T #*+#< myT |s<T #XsT. ku
|P]#dq y] _\T eeT+THs #|&+ >VsD XK
@ eTT+jTseqT \BXsT. jTq de<q$Td ku ydq
_\T\T #*+#&+ <s<HsT. B+ ymksYd| HjT\T
Md+ seTw C+ #dT q|* {e\ ku ydq +{
_\T m #*+#s |+#sT. + sjT| #+~q
m]|* H>X nH \_<sT&T e{&T qT ]+q +{
_\T #*+#& s.5 y\T #*+#q |s<T #X&T. |<rHs
#+~q \_<sT&T e{&T q _\T #j\
myT>sT #bs @ ]... myT #|q+ eq _\T
#j n m<TsT |+#s *bsT. B+ myT use
e{&T d+~ me]qT+ &T\T ed\T #Xs d+\
dV q |s<T y\ d+ #sT. $wj nd+;

|k$+, d++~ eT+ |s<T #d #s\T rdT+{qHsT.


eJ myT #+>\ e{&T \_<sT\T nsTq|&T H#]
eT+ n&Te\dq Ks m+<T |+#sT. nq+s+ &.m.|s+
>e #+~q eJ ds+#Y &>\ #+<se e{&T &.m.|s+
&\sY swH _j neT+> s*d |T& dd+&, n
+{ e< H#] &\sY dsT\T |+|D #dTHsHsT. deyX+
VosY >H<se, m+|&y CssTT, @\T eTT+jT
se, |wt, H>Xsse, @y keTXKsY, |\TesT H\T bZHsT.
n$ }_ eT+T\T
(eTqdeT |~, nq|*)
eT+T\ d|jH\T | |C deTd\T |&+ <
d|m+ nq|* &$H $T{ qsY m. u\w Xys+ z
|q <yTsT. #+~q eT+T\T >+{ lydse,
u\sE y] d|jH\d+ n~s <T]j>
b\&TTHs s|+#sT. yT<q b+ b<+ eVdTq
>+{ lydse q |<$ n&T|T= $\Tyq XU >+<\jT
d E |sT u #Xs $eT]+#sT. $jTy& q<TsZ
\j #+~q uy Bb d+ < |< Vd>+
#dTHs s|+#sT. ]q b+ b<+ eVdTq
u\sE <|&<sT\ eTsTT ]q d+e $d]+#s
|s=HsT. |{H eT+T\T |C deTd\| <w k]+#\

ssT. #s sT\ qT s.3y\T, TbqT sT\ qw|]Vs+,


TeTb\ dT>sY <TsD, \T sT\ sTD\T, nM
V\ #+ neT\T, 150 sE\ b~ \q ~s n+X\| <w
k]+#\ eT+T\ jTq $| #XsT. |q $&T<\ #dq
y] d|m+ HjT\T T< lydse HsT.
\j <=+>H\T...
H\sT: qyTTq{ es qT, ybs d+d\qT
\+> #dTq <=+>\T H&T @+> <y\j\qT \+>
#dTe&+ d+#\q+ *++~. n |sq
\jqT T $\Te #d |+#V $>V\T +&>
y{bT sE\ \+ <y\j\ deT]+q e
y&Ts\T, eTDeD\T +&&+ |dT+ <y\j\H
\+> #dT <=+>\T ] +bTHsT. H\T>T sE\ +
ePsT eT+&\+ bs&b+ >eT+ <+&seTk$T
<y\jT+ { sbjT\T $\Te #d deTseT\D dyT
+HjTk$T $>V\qT <T+&>T\T <#Ty[q d+>
*d+<. d+|Tq qT+ |\T sT eTT+< T<ys+
\ysTCeTTq 3 >+\ b++ >&sT |D+ |kq
y+fXk$T <ekq+ 50 \\T $\Te #d +>sT nusD\T
<#Ty[qT >&sT &md dTswtesY *bsT. nsTT B
MT< + |P]> y~ n+<* +< #TTHsT.

(|.{. HjTT&T, eTqdeT |~)


~u< #+<uT sVdTq edTH.. $d+ b<j
Xys+ ~+> e]+~. eTT< eT<V+ bs+uyTq
b<j s u+k #sTH eT+ e~>\ @;d& eZsD
eT<T | d+V]+#Ty\ sdq e+ #d+<T e\ eTVH&T
HjT\T, ss\T u+k sdq e+ #d+<T d<eTjsT.
e\ eTVH&T ss\qT n&TH eT+ bdT\T, e\
eTVH&T HjT\ eT< q $y<+ #] <]rd+~.
d+<s+> u+k d |sTc+bT eTT>TZsT bdT dT

d\+> >j\T >, #] |\TesT e\ eTVH&T


HjT\T, ss\T >jT|&sT. d+|Tq u+k X
ys+ s s+&Tqs >+\bT ~ |]dT\T H\=q>
~u< zmdt& |Hds& VQ{VQ{q u+k #sT |]d
d$+ 144 dH $~+#sT. > b<j qd$sD
$wjT+ {&| djTsY HjT\| #+<uT nd+| e+
#XsT. H|<+ Xys+ ]> b<j ~u<, s
jesZ\ qT+ qd$sD #j\ ssTT+#sT.
+>dt b yK]| eT+&bT...
sh+ |dT+ ndeTs b\q k>T+~.. |\qT |qT\ |]
y~+#&yT \+> |THsT.. |\ c\ sDyTq +>dt
| T~ #b* n+ {&| n~H #+<uT +>dt b|
b\q| <TyT bXsT. sTT\| $<TY dsY#]\T yTT<\T
n s\ |qT\ |\| yjT us+ y|THs
s|+#sT. edTH... $d+ b<j u>+> Xys+ eTT<
|uT bsX\ esD qT+ q& bs+_+#sT. 15.9 $sT
b<j #dq #+<uT eTT< s+&T #, dsdrq>sY, s&,
<>+, usY dts&, u+k ubdt s&T bT |\T# |d++#sT.
+<, sw |uT\ yK]| |fq $eTs\T #XsT. |C es
$<H\ b\&T |qT\T, n~ <s\ |\| us+ y|T
HsHsT. $<TY sTT\| dsY#\ |] y~dTHsHsT.
#] s+&Tqs >+\T +s
@;d& eZsD eT<T |d+V]+#Ty\ #+<uT
b<jqT n&TH+<T e\ eTVH&T HjT\T, ss\T
jT+#sT. <jT+ qT+# eTT<, s jesZ\ qT+
u+k #sTq e\ eTVH&T ss\T deyX+ njsT.

#+<uT b<j <T $s <s+ q deTjT+


e\ eTVH&T ss\ y[by*+~> bdT\T <+#sT.
B+ bdT\T, e\ eTVH&T ss\ eT< #T #dTq
y><+ $y<+> e] #], s sTeH es y[+~. B+
u+k d |sTc+bT eTT>TZsT dT d\>j\T
> e\ eTVH&T ss\T |\TesT >jT|&sT. s+&Tqs
>+\ bT u+k |]d ~+> es> ~u< zmdt&
|Hds& u+k #sT |]d d$+#sT. 144 dH $~+q
bdT n~sT\T |\Te] n<T| rdTHsT.

edTH... $d+ b<j ~+

&dd; sTD\ u!

(eTqdeT |~, nq|*)


$XK|+ +< dVs u+(&dd;) ]
d+es+ ;d,md \_<sT\ sTD\T e <Td
+~. k<sD+> u+ sTD\T #+<T m|tmdtd &
neds+ +T+~. CrjT u+\ HH $<q+ |#
dT+&&+ m|tmdtd & $<q+H |#dT+~. &dd;
u+N\ +|PsD @&< bs+ueTe&+ *d+<.
|jT + |P]<T. e# @&~ e]> m|tmdtd
& e# <K\T eT#TH qse&+ <T. B+ ]
d+es+ >&bjT> ;d,md\ sTD\T e |]d
H\=+~. ;d, md s=swq <s \_<sT\ @{ djT+
b~, sJy nuT<jT jq, e]HeT e+{ |<\
<s sTD\T dTHsT. |uT+ d_& # u+\T
sTD\T y* +T+~. >, |{es ;d ,md
s=swqT j u+\ d_& $&T<\ #X, sTD\T
eT+psjT$. |uT+ d_& <T]j>+ L&<H
<X+ @&~ qT+ V<su< qT+# HsT> \_<sT
u+U eT #j\ ssTT++~. +<Td+ \_<
sT |] d++~ u+ H |s{y |] s+& U
sTdTHsT. U\qT e\+ u+\T eyT sV+
# @sT #XsT. U q+sT ;d, md s=swq <s
V<su< j d+d\ q s\j\ |+|dT
HsT. nq+s+ d_& yTT\T $&T<\ #ks de#s+.
y|+> 28 &dd; u+N\ <s @{ s.20 \\
es ;d,mds=swq \_<sT\ sTD\T #ysT. ,
&dd; +|PsD + =* s<T. m|tmdtd
& + s<T. d_& yTT\ $&T<\ < \+ e&+
@&~ &dd; sTD\| X\T e<T\Te* edT+<
U<sT\T +<q e+ #dTHsT. >, e# @&~ e]
+|PsD |PssTT m|tmdtd & n+<TuT
edT+< de#s+. B e# ] d+es+ (2013`14)
sTD\T e& esZ+ dT>eT+ neT+< u$dTHsT.
{ #*+#*...
V<su<-$jTy& eT< 9e CrjT sV<]| { <s\qT
Hwq Vy n<]{ |t +&j KssT #d+~. Xys+
qT+ sV<]| { ed\T ls+ #T{q $wjT+
*d+<. qZ+& |++, =sb&T,, qZ+&-c \
d]V<T |* e< { ed\T +<+ @sT #XsT.

Xys+, &d+sT 8, 2012

b~ Jeq |eD\T yTsT>T &|P{ VosY dTuwt| yT

(eTqdeT |~, e&T>T\)


b~ \q |\ Jeq |eD\T yTsT>T|&
jT $<o |<T\ +<+ |s=+~. b~
V$ |<+ neT\T| n<jTq+ #d+<T
jTeTH nqT+< <X\ |<T\ +<+ X
ys+ eT+&\+ |s{++~. L\,
$+>T\ |<+ ud> *qT eT
|]o\q >T]+#eT jTeTH, u* jTH,
kY=]j, ~j|jT, CsjTH <X\
#+~q 20eT+~ |<T\T |s=HsT.
#&es+ sV+q mHsYJmdt $+>T\
L\ deyX+ ysT e{&sT. b~ V$
|<+ L\ | <=s&yT +& k>T{
eqsT\T yTsT>T|&TTHjT #bsT. |<+
neT\T| $+> L\ n_bj\T
\TdTHsT. eT+ |*\T dTq |<
eT <X L& neT\T #j\ |uT\
y~keT $<o +<+ |<T\T #bsT.
mHsYJmdt |qT\ d++~+ b{
m_wHqT \+#sT. nq+s+ sjT|sE|
q+<k>s+ #sTe #|{q b~ |qT\qT
|]o*+#sT. ||+# u+ |~ d+jYT

L& e{&sT. jTeTH <X k bC $u>+


V& H< VdyT dsTT|t yTTu, k bC
&ssY eTV< VyT, mHsYJmdt |&
dksTTlydt, @|& +HjTT\T, @|y
n|\sE, m+|&z <ql<$ bZHsT.
T$T& DeTdT
(eTqdeT |~, nq|*)
T$T& <sY DeTdT nH |
$u> +<eT+ * bsD, dq{ n+*
#T \ $<T> H&T bs+_dTqT d+d #sH
T$T& s+esY *bsT. ><+ d+sY
d+d cs+ Xys+ @sT #dq $sT\
deyX+ jTq e{&T e<esT\
J$++ eT<TsdT\T $T $<+> |
$yV qT $u>+ n+~dTqT
#bsT. e<esT\ nedseTjT HDyTq
|Tek\T, dsusD\qT e <s\
n+~dTHeTHsT. d+d #+~q | H
|ysT, &CqsY |TNs\T jsT #dTqT
$e]+#sT. H\ 8qT+ 16 es 25 X+
ssTTr dTHeTHsT. deyX+ d+d
yTH+> &ssY lydtesY bZHsT.

(.mdt.\, eTqdeT |~)


|\T s|D\ H|<+ ~u< &|P{
VosY m.dTuwt| yT |&+~. jTqqT
syq XK qT+ ~u< {H ~
#d sY nX Xys+ sT\T C #XsT.
jTq kq+ m\ $u> &|P{
VosY> q CsYqT H#]> jT$T+#sT.
s+&T H\\ +< ~u< swHc|t
d++~+ &\sY +& eTs e dsT\ d+
&& > jTq s\jT+ qT+ s C
#XsT. s d<sT &\sY dsT\T b+<&T.
B u<T\T> #d dTuwt| yT ydTqT
sT |s=H.. {e\ \+ ~u<
#TT|\ q |uT ueTT\ nH++
bT ne\ s|D\T se&+H jTqqT
=\+qT \Tk+~. |\T |uT ueTT
]jT\sT neT+> b>ydq s|D\T HsTT.
n~sT\T y{ mHzd C #Xsq $eTs\
HsTT. M{| $&j esTd> <H\T
se&+ Cd dTCXs s+&T H\\T> mHzd\
C *|yXsT. ~ syqXK d+#\q+
*++~. <s ~u< sT>TTq u

eeVs+ & |#dTq n~sT\ Vd+


+< Cd <w e+~. dTuwt pjTsY ndd+{>
yTT<\T+f sY>, s |<q| &{>
~u< syq dTesT 15 @> |#d
bTbjsq $eTs\THsTT. eT< Cq<
~ nsTTH s+&Tqs n&T+& ]
~u< e#sT. @<yTH &{ dTuwtqT ~
#jT&+ d+#\q+ *++~.
s<q+| C$$ ne>Vq s
(mH . dHsjTD, eTqdeT |~)
s<q+ eXqT $e]+# u ne>Vq
seT+ Xys+ s\T |D+ #T
#dT+~. q $Cq y~ <s+ n+u<sY
ueq+ n+X+| deyX+ @sT, d.+|t
d+sY qT+ sC $VsY d] esL {&|
s\jT+, |uTdT|, T<ys | $<T>
}s+| seT+ ]+~. seT+ bZq
md mdt #+<XKss& e{&T bDbjT+
qy] s<q+ #d b&e\dq neds
H= #bsT. qT | @{ ksH s<q+
#kqHsT. +{ se sV+q+<T
>qT jTq C$$ sV\qT |X+d+#sT.

MANYASIMA Telugu Daily; Edited, Printed, Published and Owned by P. Lakshmana Rao, # 60, R.T.C. Complex, Dwaraka Bus Station, Visakhapatnam 530020, Andhra Pradesh. Ph: 09440114786
Printed at Surya Printers, # 60, R.T.C. Complex, Dwaraka Bus Station, Visakhapatnam 530020. Ph: 09989745556, Mobile: 09989745557, e-mail: editor@manyaseema.com, Website: www.manyaseema.com, Editor: P. Lakshmana Rao

You might also like