Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Skeleton Frameworks For Writing
Skeleton Frameworks For Writing
Discussion Text
Discussion text
* presents arguments and information from different viewpoints
* * *
* * *
Discussion organisation 1
Introduction
Statement of issue to be discussed
for
* point + elaboration
against
* point + elaboration
*
*
*
*
Conclusion
Discussion organisation 2
Introduction Arguments for: *
When you have made your grid skeleton, write the introduction. Then write one paragraph for (or one paragraph per point for) and one paragraph against (or one paragraph per point against). Then write the conclusion
*
* etc Arguments against:
*
* * etc Conclusion
Discussion organisation 3
Introduction Point 1: for
(including outline of points to be discussed)
When you have made your grid skeleton, write the introduction.
Then write a paragraph about point one, a paragraph about point two, etc.
against
Point 2: for
against
Point 3: for against Conclusion
etc., etc
justice
* complex sentences
Discussion conventions
* Dont take sides say what people think * Keep it balanced, e.g On the one hand Some people say Others argue Smokers would claim that Non-smokers reply
perhaps
Discussion text
* *
*
* *
*
* *
Against zoos
originally for people to see animals now have TV, video catch, transport, cage zoochosis just for entertainment Not cruel
For zoos
zoos educational
*
*
* * *
increase peoples interest in animals endangered species breed in zoos scientists can research in zoos
Conservation
Cruel
Text
Explanation Text
Explanation text
* explains how or why something happens * cause and effect * often in time order
(sequential)
Explanation organisation 1
Simple explanation: a series of logical steps Probably
labelled diagram(s)
leading to
leading to
leading to
When you have made your flow-chart skeleton, each section of the flow chart can become one paragraph or section of writing.
* causal language
* sequential connectives * impersonal language (see page 8) * technical vocabulary when
This results in
This causes
Therefore
impersonal language
* third person * passive voice
This is known as
* formal connectives
(e.g Furthermore, However, Therefore, Consequently)
Explanation text
Cycle
Back to original
3 kg
53 cm
6 kg
60 cm
8 kg
68 cm
9 kg
72 cm
Newborn
3 months
6 months
1 year
suck milk
no teeth
tummy stronger
some teeth
stands
teeth
cant chew
some hard food + mush + milk cut up food
cells
HEART
BODY cells
Air sacs
Breathe out CO
capillaries
CO
CO
capillaries
Text
Instruction Text
Instruction text
tells how to do or make something
in time order (sequential/chronological)
Instruction organisation
Title: whats to be achieved
Maybe labelled diagrams
* provide names or
The batting side The fielding side
Writing Instructions
*Do the activity ( or act it out).
Persuasion Text
Persuasion text
makes
* * *
Persuasion organisation 1
point
point
point
* * *
elaboration
elaboration
elaboration
and so on.
Persuasion organisation 2
What? Who? Where? When?
Introduction
* Point 1
* Point 2 * Point 3
Conclusion
Summing up
When you have planned your points, you can choose whether to write one paragraph per point or group them together
*
* * *
Present tense
Persuasive devices
Logical connectives Connectives showing the move from one point to another finally Ifthen
Elaborating a point
Make your point clearly, in a sentence.
elaboration would it help to: give your reasons for thinking that?
point
Persuasive devices
* emotive language e.g strong adjectives deliberate ambiguity e.g probably the best perhaps, maybe * Rhetorical question Are we expected to..? How will..? * * Turning opinion into truth The fact is.. The real truth is..
Always ask yourself is it
dare you to disagree! e.g Clearly,.. Surely,.. Obviously,.. Everyone knows that..
FACT or OPINION ?
Persuasion organisation
* * *
Mary is trouble she has betrayed us if plots succeed Spain takes over
* * *
constantly plotting
claims the crown. Supported by Phillip II would be Ps puppet England falls to Spain
Persuasion Text
Recount text
* retells events * in time order
(chronological)
Recount organisation
events in time order
when? where?
what happened in the end?
introduction
conclusion
who?
When you have made your time-line skeleton, use another colour to chop it into paragraphs.
Then
Meanwhile
Several weeks later
Within hours
Impersonal recounts
* newspaper report * magazine article
Audience
general reader with some interest in the subject
Purpose
to inform and entertain
Personal recounts
* letter
Audience
known reader or self (or posterity)
* diary or journal
* write-up of a trip or activity
Purpose
to record, reflect, entertain
* powerful verbs
* quotations
Watch out for these and other recounts in the texts you read
Recount text
Recount organisation
Flow chart
Recount organisation
name
age
born
1 2
Baz born
Y1 Mrs Bennett
chicken pox 3 4 5 6
introduction
St Marys Hospital
Y2 Mr Long
Text
(personal)
rubber, bamboo, spices, coconuts, pineapple
what
who
8.00am
arrive
see biomes
intro
breakfast on journey
lunch
School
car park
Exhibition centre
home
where
when
trip round
cooler biome
(impersonal)
Cornwall Y5
arrive at Eden Project lunch warm temperate afternoon and outside activities journey home
Intro
tropical biome
Eden Project
Last Friday
Text
Report Text
Report text
* describes what things are like (or were like)
(non-chronological)
Report organisation 1
simple report
Report organisation 1
Introduction
Who-What-Where-When
}1 }2
etc.
When you have made your spidergram skeleton, each spider leg gives you one paragraph (or subheaded section) in your writing
Report text
Lee Park hopscotch map games quiet area 198 pupils 7 classes
Intro
built 1967 summer - play
infants
playground
juniors football netball
Our School
field
winter usually no play snow - play
hall
assembly, lessons gym drama lunch packed lunch
back
Spidergram
coiled proboscis Lepidoptera scaly body/wings insect features scales/veins wings
definition
insect
characteristics
dont need much for short life span
male/female differences
Butterflies
reproduction
feeding
nectar over-ripe fruit proboscis
lifecycle