Chng 10: Lp k hoch v trin khai mng

LOGO

Thnh vin nhm

Nguyn Thanh Bnh
ng Th Ngc V Quang Sm Ng Th Thu Hin Phan Trung Kin

1 2 3 4
5

Ni dung chnh

Kin

Tnh a ch IP v

Hin Sm

Phn phi a ch IP

Kt ni PC iu khin TB mng

Bnh

ng truyn

Ngc

Thit b vt l trong LAN

THIT B VT L TRONG MNG LAN.

1) La chn cc thit b cho mng LAN Internetwork Devices

1) La chn cc thit b cho mng LAN Intranetwork Devices

2) Cc c tnh khi la chn thit b

Chi ph Tc v loi cng/interface Kh nng m rng Cch thc qun l Cc tnh nng v dch v

Chi ph (Cost)
Cng sut Chi ph Tnh nng

Chiu di cp

S lng cng

Tc v loi cng

Tc 10/100/1000Mbps. C th tng tc m khng cn thay thit b. Chn s lng cng v loi cng: Ch cn cng cho nhu cu hin ti? Tc UTP? Cp UTP hay cp quang?

Cc yu t khi chn Router

Cc yu t khi chn Router Kh nng m rng. Tnh nng h iu hnh. Loi ng truyn.

Kh nng m rng Kh nng p ng c thm lu lng thng tin v lng ngi dng khi c nhu cu m rng h thng Mc ch: Gim chi ph khi tin hnh nng cp trong tng lai

Tnh nng h iu hnh Bo mt Cht lng dch v (QoS) VoIP nh tuyn nhiu giao thc lp 3 Cc dch v c bit nh phn gii a ch mng (NAT) v giao thc DHCP

NG TRUYN

LAN WAN, Nhng iu cn ch

4 khu vc vt l cn cn nhc khi lp t Khu vc lm vic Phng mng trung tm Cp phn phi (Cp ngang) Cp chnh (Cp dc)

LAN WAN, Nhng iu cn ch

Khu vc lm vic
Theo chun EIA/TIA: Khu vc lm vic tnh t cc thit b u cui n cc jack, cp UTP c s dng vi chiu di ti a trong khong 10m Thng s dng cp thng v cp cho

LAN-WAN, Nhng iu cn ch

L ni kt ni cc thit b trung gian.

S dng path cable kt ni gia cc Patch panel v cc thit b trung gian

Phng mng trung tm

C th bao gm cc server phc v cho mng

LAN-WAN, Nhng iu cn ch

LAN-WAN, Nhng iu cn ch

Cp phn phi (cp ngang)

kt ni phng mng trung tm vi khu vc lm vic. Ti a 90m

LAN WAN, Nhng iu cn ch

Cp li (cp dc)
kt ni mng trung tm vi cc phng thit b, ni thng c dng t cc server. kt ni gia cc phng mng trung tm vi nhau Cho cc kt ni bn ngoi ta nh n kt ni WAN hay ISP

LAN-WAN, Nhng iu cn ch Cc loi ng truyn

LAN-WAN, Nhng iu cn ch Nhng c im cn cn nhc trc khi chn cc loi cp: di cp Gi thnh Bng thng C d dng lp t? C b nhiu in t?

LAN-WAN, Nhng iu cn ch
di cp

Tng di: T thit b u cui n cc thit b trung gian

Cp kt ni cng di th tn hiu trn ng truyn cng gim

LAN-WAN, Nhng iu cn ch

LAN-WAN, Nhng iu cn ch Chi ph:Chi ph ty thuc vo loi ng truyn

s dng

Bng thng: Cn cn nhc k lng v bng thng cn

thit ph thuc vo cc thit b trong mng Hin nay, cp quang h tr bng thng ln nht trong cc loi cp kt ni LAN ng truyn khng dy cng h tr bng thng ln nhng b hn ch bi khong cch v s tiu hao nng lng.

LAN-WAN, Nhng iu cn ch Kh nng lp t

Cp UTP c im Nh, khong cch nh Cp quang Gm nhiu s thy tinh nh

Lu

Thch hp cho nhng khng gian nh

RJ45 D dng

Vic un cong hay b gp c th lm hng cp

ST,SC,MT-RJ Kh lp t vo yu cu c cc thit b chuyn dng

Kt ni s dng Kh nng lp t

LAN-WAN, Nhng iu cn ch

LAN-WAN, Nhng iu cn ch

Mng wireless: kt ni d dng, tuy nhin cn c k hoch lp t v kim th cn thn

LAN-WAN, Nhng iu cn ch Nhiu in t: Cn phi c cn nhc khi la chn cp c sinh ra bi cc thit b in, st, hay cc thit b truyn thng khc ng truyn khng dy d b nh hng bi sng in t nht

To kt ni trong mng LAN

Cp UTP c 8 li v khng c v bc chng nhiu u ni RJ-45 lin kt dy ni vi cc thit b c 2

dng T568A v T658B

To kt ni trong mng LAN

Cp UTP cho

To kt ni trong mng LAN

Cp UTP thng

To kt ni trong mng LAN

S dng cp thng cho kt ni: Switch to router Computer to switch Computer to hub

S dng cp cho cho kt ni: Switch to switch Switch to hub Hub to hub Router to router Computer to computer Computer to router

To kt ni trong mng LAN

To kt ni trong mng LAN

To kt ni trong mng LAN

To kt ni trong mng LAN Cc loi interface: Trong mng LAN ethernet, cc thit b s dng 1 trong 2 loi interface UTP l MDI hoc MDIX: MDI (media-dependent interface) s dng s chn thng thng ca Ethernet. Chn 1 v chn 2 c s dng truyn, chn 3 v chn 6 c s dng nhn d liu. Nhng thit b nh my tnh, server, router c kt ni MDI.

To kt ni trong mng LAN

Thit b cung cp kt ni mng LAN thng l Hub v switch- thng thng s dng kt ni MDIX (media-dependent interface, crossover). Cp MDIX chuyn i cp truyn tin t bn trong. S chuyn i ny cho php cc thit b u cui c th kt ni vi hub v switch s dng cp thng. Thng thng khi kt ni cc thit b khc loi ta s s dng cp thng. V khi kt ni cc thit b cng loi, ta s s dng cp cho

To kt ni trong mng LAN

La chn MDI/MDIX:Nhiu thit b cho php cng Ethernet UTP c thit lp thnh MDI hoc MDIX. Cng vic ny c th c thc hin bi 1 trong 3 cch: Mt vi thit b, cc cng c th c mt c ch c th chuyn i gia cp gi v nhn bng in. Do cng ny c th thay i t MDI sang MDIX. Mt s thit b cho php la chn chc nng ca cng l MDI hay MDIX. Nhiu thit b hin nay c ch t ng chuyn i c tnh ca cng. Trn mt vi thit b, vic pht hin t ng c thit lp mc nh. V mt s khc yu cu phi cu hnh bng dng lnh th thit lp t ng php hin MDIX

To kt ni trong mng WAN

To kt ni trong mng WAN

To kt ni trong mng WAN

To kt ni trong mng WAN

Data Communications Equipment (DCE) :Cung cp kt ni vt l ti mng v chuyn lu lng Data Circuit-Terminal Equipment (DTE) :Kt ni vi mt mng thng qua thit b DCE

To kt ni trong mng WAN

V d:

Kt ni gia 2 Router Router mc nh l DTE C th thay i thnh DCE

Kt ni PC iu khin thit b mng

LOGO

Gii thiu Cc thit b Cisco nh Router, Switch c nhiu loi interface lin kt vi chng Cc interface ny cng thng c gi l cc cng Ty thuc vo loi cng m ta s chn cc loi cp kt ni thch hp

Cc loi cng kt ni LAN Interfaces Ethernet WAN Interfaces Serial Console Interface Auxiliary (AUX) Interface

Cc loi cng kt ni

LAN Interfaces Ethernet

Kt ni gia thit b u cui vi thit b mng LAN, nh kt ni PC vi Switch Interface ny cng c th c s dng kt ni Router vi nhau Cc tn khc nhau ca interface Ethernet nh Ethernet, FastEthernet v Fa0/0 Tn c s dng ph thuc vo loi v kiu thit b

WAN Interfaces - Serial Kt ni cc thit b WAN ti CSU/DSU, v d nh Router ca ISP Kt ni gia 2 Router, s to mt kt ni back to back bng cp Serial v thit lp clock rate trn mt cng.

Console Interface L interface chnh cu hnh ban u cho Router Cisco hay Switch. L phng tin quan trng x l cc s c v cu hnh. Cn phi ch n vn an ninh, trnh cc truy cp tri php vo interface iu khin v n c th lm gin on hoc tha hip lu lng mng.

Auxiliary (AUX) Interface Interface ny c s dng qun l Router t xa. V l do bo mt, cho php ta ty chn c th cho kt ni iu khin t xa n 1 thit b mng hoc l khng.

Kt ni

Gii thiu Cc thit b mng nh Router, Switch thng khng c mn hnh, bn phm, chut V vy truy cp vo mt thit b mng ta s thc hin thng qua mt kt ni gia thit b v my tnh My tnh c chy mt chng trnh gi l terminal emulator Kt ni cng COM ca PC vi cng Console ca thit b

Kt ni Bc 1: Kt ni PC vi cng console s dng cp console. Cp console s dng 1 u kt ni DB-9 v 1 u RJ-45. Cm u cp DB-9 vo cng EIA/TIA 232 (RS 232) trn PC. Nu trn PC ch c cng USB, ta c th s dng b chuyn i USB-to-serial kt ni vi cng console.

Kt ni Bc 2: M phn mm HyperTerminal, cu hnh cc thng s ca cng: Bit per second: 9600bps; Data bits:8; Parity:None; Stop bits:1; Flow control:None. Bc 3: n Enter ng nhp.

K hoch phn phi a ch IP trong mng

LOGO

S lng host trong mng

Cng LAN router Cc thit b mng cn gn a ch IP

Cng WAN router

Wireless Access Point Cc thit b gn a ch IP qun l Switch

S lng hosts trong mng?

Xc nh s lng host cn s dng trong mng. Nhng thit b cui cn gn a ch IP bao gm: User computer. Administrator computer. Server. Cc thit b khc: my in, my fax, IP phone,

S lng hosts trong mng?

S lng hosts trong mng? Mng Internet s dng a ch IPv4, c phn thnh cc lp A, B, C, D v E. trnh lng ph khng gian a ch, cc my trong mng c chia thnh cc mng con ty theo nhu cu s dng. S lng host trong 1 mng c tnh theo cng thc : S host = 2n 2

2) S lng mng cn gn a ch?

Tnh s lng subnet: Subnet c chia da vo mc ch v nhu cu s dng. Mi subnet, mt phn vng mng vt l, cn c 1 cng router ng vai tr l default gateway cho subnet . Mi kt ni gia cc router cng l 1 subnet.

S lng mng cn gn a ch
Ti sao chia mng thnh cc mng con???

Qun l cc gi tin Broadcast S dng hp l ngun ti nguyn a ch IP Bo mt

S lng mng cn gn a ch?

Cu trc a ch IPv4 c s dng gn a ch

S lng mng cn gn a ch?

S lng mng cn gn a ch?

S lng mng cn gn a ch?

S lng mng cn gn a ch?

S lng mng cn gn a ch?

S lng mng cn gn a ch?

=> 5 subnets.

Gn a ch IP cho mng

nh danh my tnh bt k trong lin mng MC CH

H tr khc phc s c
y nhanh qu trnh thm host mi vo mng Thun tin cho vic qun l

NGUYN TC: a ch ca thit b phn nh v tr v vai tr ca chnh thit b trong mng

Gn a ch IP trong mng Cc loi host bao gm: Ngi dng thng thng. Ngi dng c bit. Ti nguyn mng. Cng kt ni mng LAN ca router. Cng kt ni mng WAN ca router. Thit b qun l truy cp mng.

Gn a ch IP trong mng Xc nh tiu chun gn a ch:

Phn chia mng hp l d dng trong qu trnh qun l. Khc phc cc s c xy ra trong qu trnh trin khai xy dng, m rng mng.

Tnh a ch IP

LOGO

M hnh 1:

M hnh 1:

M hnh 1:

M Hnh 2:

 Trong trng hp 2 thch thc l subnet trong lin mng b hn ch s lng host v mng con. Ta c 5 mng cong khc nhau vi yu cu host khc nhau, a ch IP 192.168.1.0/24 Yu cu cc Host : NetworkA - 14 my ch NetworkB - 28 my ch NetworkC - 2 my ch NetworkD - 7 my ch NetworkE - 28 my ch

 Nh trng hp 1, chng ta bt u qu trnh bng cch subnetting cho my ch c yu cu ln nht l NetworkB v NetworkE, vi 28 my. Chng ta p dng cng thc: c th s dng host = 2^n -2. i vi B v E cn 5 bt v 2^5 2 = 30 a ch host. Vy chng ta phn b cho B v E: Network B: S s dng Subnet : 192.168.1.0/27 a ch my ch lu tr khong 1 n 30 Network E: S dng Subnet : 192.168.1.32/27 a ch my ch lu tr khong 33 n 62

Yu cu Tip theo ca A v tip l D

Network A:
S s dng Subnet : 192.168.1.64/28 a ch my ch lu tr khong 65 n 78

Network E:
S dng Subnet : 192.168.1.80/28 a ch my ch lu tr khong 81 n 94

Network C:
Mng C ch c 2 my ch, 2 bt c vay p ng yu cu. S dng Subnet : 192.168.1.96/30 a ch my ch lu tr khong 97 n 98

Kt lun : Trng hp 2 chng ta p ng tt c cc yu cu m khng lng ph cc subnet v a ch c sn.

Paket tracer