Hi ngh C hc ton quc ln th IX

H Ni, 12/2012

TNH TON T S TRUYN

TRONG HP GIM TC HAI CP
BNH RNG TR NG TRC
Cao Ngc Vi
Trng i hc Hng hi

1. t vn
Kt qu phn phi t s truyn uh cho cc b truyn bnh rng c nh
hng rt ln n kch thc v khi lng ca hp gim tc. Hin nay,
c nhiu phng php phn phi t s truyn trong hp gim tc nhiu
cp, xut pht t cc yu cu v cng ngh, v kch thc v khi lng
gn nh, v vn bi trn cc bnh rng n khp [2].
i vi hp gim tc bnh rng tr ng trc, vic tnh ton t s truyn
uh cho cc cp b truyn trong hp c th thc hin theo nhng cch sau:
Tnh ton bng th: Theo phng php ny, t s truyn u1 ca b
truyn cp nhanh c xc nh t th trnh by trn hnh 1, da vo t
s truyn chung uh v thng s chn trc

bd 2 [ K 02 ]

bd 1[ K 01 ]

(1)

bd1, bd2 h s chiu rng vnh rng ca b truyn bnh rng tr;
[K01], [K02] cc h s.

Tnh ton bng m hnh thc nghim: Theo phng php

ny, t s truyn u1, u2 ca b truyn cp nhanh v cp chm
trong hp c tnh theo cng thc:
(2)
u1 u 2 u h .
Tnh bng th c chnh xc khng cao do phi tra th,
li bt tin v lun phi mang theo ti liu tra cu, kh khn khi
lp trnh tnh ton t ng. Vic tnh ton theo m hnh thc
nghim cho kt qu nhanh chng v chnh xc, d dng b tr v
bi trn cc b truyn trong hp, ng thi thun tin cho vic
lp trnh t ng tnh ton thit k. Tuy nhin, kch thc hp
gim tc tng i ln. Theo c hai phng n ny, kh nng ti
ca b truyn cp nhanh u khng c s dng ht [2].
Bi bo trnh by mt phng php tnh ton t s truyn trong
hp gim tc hai cp bnh rng tr ng trc nhm s dng ht
kh nng ti ca cc b truyn trong hp, xut pht t iu kin
cn bng v mmen xon trn trc cc bnh rng dn v iu
kin v bn u tip xc ca cc b truyn.

Hnh 1. th xc nh t s truyn u1 ca b truyn cp nhanh

trong hp gim tc bnh rng tr ng trc

2. Phn phi t s truyn trong hp gim tc hai cp

bnh rng tr ng trc
iu kin bn tip xc ca b truyn bnh rng tr n khp
ngoi c xc nh theo cng thc:

H z M z H z

2T1 K H u 1
H
2
ubw d w1

ZM h s c tnh ca vt liu cc bnh rng;

ZH h s hnh dng b mt tip xc;
Z h s xt n s trng khp ca rng;
T1 mmen xon trn trc bnh dn;
bw chiu rng vnh rng;
dw1 ng knh vng ln bnh dn.

(3)

T (3), c th xc nh c mmen xon cho php trn trc

bnh rng dn:
ubw d w21[ H ]2
[T1 ]
2( z M z H z ) 2 K H (u 1)
u
ba d w
Thay: bw
2
2a
d w1 w
u 1

(4)

[ H ]2
[K0 ]
2
Z M Z H Z K H

vo phng trnh (4), ta c:

3

u 2a w
[T1 ]
ba [ K 0 ].
4 u 1
ba h s chiu rng vnh rng, ba = 0,25 0,5;

(5)

Do , mmen xon cho php trn trc bnh rng dn ca cc

b truyn cp nhanh v cp chm trong hp gim tc hai cp
bnh rng tr ng trc tng ng l:
3

u1 2aw1
ba1[ K 01 ],
[T11 ]
4 u1 1

(6)

u1 2aw1
ba1[ K 01 ],
[T11 ]
4 u1 1

(7)

T iu kin cn bng mmen ca c h gm hai b truyn bnh

rng tr, ta c:
T12 [T12 ]

u11 ,
T11 [T11 ]

(8)

1 hiu sut ca b truyn cp nhanh

1brt ol

(9)

brt hiu sut ca b truyn bnh rng tr, brt = 0,96 0,98;
ol hiu sut ca mt cp ln, ol = 0,99 0,995.
Kt hp cc phng trnh (6), (7) v (8), ng thi thay u1 =
uh/u2 ta c:
3

1 ba 2 [ K 02 ] uh u2 1
2 1.

1 ba1 [ K 01 ] u2 1 uh

(10)

Gii phng trnh (10) theo u2, ta c:

u2

uh 3 uh2 /
3

1 ba 2 [ K 02 ]
,

.
2
olbrt ba1 [ K 01 ]
uh / 1

(11)

Chn trc: [K02]/[K01] = 1 1,3; ba2/ba1 = 1,2 1,3 [2] ri

thay vo (11), ta c:
uh (0,833 0,925)uh2 / 3
u2
.
2/3
(0,833 0,925)uh 1

(12)

Cc b truyn trong hp t bn u khi [K02]/[K01] = 1,0 [7].

Chn ba2/ba1 = 1,3; brt = 0,97; ol = 0,992, t (12), ta c:
uh 0,905 uh2 / 3
(13)
u2
.
0,905 uh2 / 3 1
Khi c u2, th t s truyn u1 ca b truyn cp nhanh c
xc nh theo cng thc:
uh
(14)
u1 .
u2

3. V d
Tnh ton thit k cc b truyn bnh rng trong hp gim tc
bnh rng tr ng trc vi cc s liu: P1 = 5,7 kW; n1 = 960
vg/ph; uh = 20; thi hn s dng 12000 h; H lm vic mt
chiu, chu ti trng thay i nh hnh 2.

0,4tck

0,3tck

0,6T

0,8T

0,1tck

1,5T

0,3tck

tck

Hnh 2. th thay i ti trng

Kt qu tnh
Kt qu tnh ton cc b truyn c trnh by trong cc bng 1,
2 v 3. Tnh ton c thc hin theo 3 phng n khc nhau v
cch phn phi t s truyn.
- Tnh theo th hnh 1: u1 = 6,79; u2 = 2,95;
- Tnh theo cng thc (2): u1 = u2 = 4,47;
- Tnh u2 theo cng thc (13): u1 = 8,51; u2 = 2,35.
Bng 1. Vt liu ch to cc bnh rng
Bnh rng

Mc thp

Nhit luyn

Bnh nh

b, MPa

ch, MPa

sH

sH

750

450

1,1

1,75

240
45

Bnh ln

rn HB

Ti ci thin
225

Bng 2. Kt qu tnh ton b truyn cp chm

Kt qu
TT
1

Thng s
Khong cch trc

K hiu
aw

n v
mm

dw1
2

ng knh vng ln

Chiu rng vnh rng

PA2

PA3

220

225

205

111,505

82,102

122,387

328,494

367,899

287,609

mm
dw2

PA1

bw

mm

86

88

80

S rng

z1/ z2

Chic

37/109

27/121

40/90

Mun

mm

H s dch chnh

x1/ x2

mm

0,087/0,252

0,207/0,842

0,436/0,973

ng sut tip xc ln nht

MPa

418,775

436,462

433,302

ng sut tip xc cho php

[H]

MPa

Mc chnh lch ng sut

425,454
1,570

2,587

1,845

Bng 3. Kt qu tnh ton b truyn cp nhanh

Kt qu
TT
1

Thng s
Khong cch trc

K hiu
aw

n v
mm

dw1
2

ng knh vng ln

PA1

PA2

PA3

220

225

205

56,570

82,102

43,158

383,431

367,899

366,843

mm
dw2
bw

mm

66

68

62

S rng

z1/ z2

Chic

18/122

27/121

14/119

Mun

mm

Gc nghing ca rng

17,361

9,339

13,293

ng sut tip xc ln nht

MPa

320,9

229,261

438,007

ng sut tip xc cho php

[H]

MPa

Mc chnh lch ng sut

Chiu rng vnh rng

437,728
26,69

47,625

0,064

4. Kt lun
1. Bi bo thit lp c cng thc dng tnh ton t s
truyn ca cc cp b truyn trong hp gim tc bnh rng tr
ng trc. Cc cng thc ny c xy dng dng hm gii tch
s cp khng nhng cho kt qu tnh ton t s truyn nhanh
chng v chnh xc m cn to iu kin thun li lp trnh t
ng tnh ton thit k;
2. Kt qu ca bi bo c th dng tnh ton phn phi t s
truyn trong hp gim tc bnh rng tr ng trc, lm c s
khoa hc cho vic phn phi t s truyn trong cc loi hp
gim tc khc. ng thi, c th dng lm ti liu tham kho
khi nghin cu, cng nh trong cng tc ging dy v hc tp.

TI LIU THAM KHO

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v K thut, H Ni.
[2]. Trnh Cht, L Vn Uyn (1998). Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c
kh, tp 1 v 2. NXB Gio dc, H Ni.
[3]. Trnh Cht (1996). Tnh ton ti u t s truyn trong h truyn ng
bnh rng. Hi ngh khoa hc Trng i hc Bch khoa H Ni.
[4]. Nguyn Trng Hip (2001). Chi tit my, tp 1v 2. NXB Gio dc,
H Ni.
[5]. ISO 6336-2 (2006). Part 2: Calculation of surface durability (pitting).
[6]. R. C. Juvinall, K. M. Marshek (2003). Fundamentals of Machine
Component Design - 3rd edition. John Wiley & Sons.
[7]. ., (1971).
. , .
[8]. .. , .. (2008). .
, .

XIN TRN TRNG CM N!