Tran S Tung

Khoi a dien

0100090000030202000002008a01000000008a01000026060f000a03574
d4643010000000000010016e30000000001000000e802000000000000e8
020000010000006c00000000000000000000002c0000007100000000000
00000000000023e00002104000020454d4600000100e80200000e000000
0200000000000000000000000000000070120000781a0000c80000001f01
0000000000000000000000000000850c030082600400160000000c00000
0180000000a0000001000000000000000000000000900000010000000a5
0e0000f8000000250000000c0000000e000080120000000c000000010000
005200000070010000010000009cffffff0000000000000000000000009001
0000000000a307400012540069006d006500730020004e0065007700200
052006f006d0061006e0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000ac38093000000000040000000000ae30e
93809300000000047169001a30002020603050405020304ff3a00e041780
0c00900000000000000ff01000000000000540069006d006500730020000
00065007700200052006f006d0061006e00000000000000dc36093050eba
e30402624000100000000000000bc471100afb40230bc4711004c6eaf30d
44711006476000800000000250000000c00000001000000180000000c00
000000000002540000005400000000000000000000002c0000007100000
001000000dd97874085898740000000005a000000010000004c00000004
0000000000000000000000a60e0000fa00000050000000200000002d000
00046000000280000001c0000004744494302000000ffffffffffffffffa60e000
0f900000000000000460000001400000008000000474449430300000025
0000000c0000000e0000800e00000014000000000000001000000014000
0000400000003010800050000000b0200000000050000000c021e00c201
040000002e0118001c000000fb020200010000000000bc02000000000102
022253797374656d003f3f3f3f3f00003f3f3f3f3f3f3f0000003f3f3f3f3f3f3f0
0040000002d01000004000000020101001c000000fb02f4ff000000000000
9001000000a30740001254696d6573204e657720526f6d616e000000000
0000000000000000000000000040000002d010100050000000902000000
020d000000320a0b0000000100040000000000c2011e002000050004000
0002d010000030000000000
0100090000030202000002008a01000000008a01000026060f000a03574
d4643010000000000010016e30000000001000000e802000000000000e8
020000010000006c00000000000000000000002c0000007100000000000
00000000000023e00002104000020454d4600000100e80200000e000000
0200000000000000000000000000000070120000781a0000c80000001f01
0000000000000000000000000000850c030082600400160000000c00000
0180000000a0000001000000000000000000000000900000010000000a5
0e0000f8000000250000000c0000000e000080120000000c000000010000
005200000070010000010000009cffffff0000000000000000000000009001
0000000000a307400012540069006d006500730020004e0065007700200
052006f006d0061006e0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000ac38093000000000040000000000ae30e
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Khoi a dien

Tran S Tung

93809300000000047169001a30002020603050405020304ff3a00e041780
0c00900000000000000ff01000000000000540069006d006500730020000
00065007700200052006f006d0061006e00000000000000dc36093050eba
e30402624000100000000000000bc471100afb40230bc4711004c6eaf30d
44711006476000800000000250000000c00000001000000180000000c00
000000000002540000005400000000000000000000002c0000007100000
001000000dd97874085898740000000005a000000010000004c00000004
0000000000000000000000a60e0000fa00000050000000200000002d000
00046000000280000001c0000004744494302000000ffffffffffffffffa60e000
0f900000000000000460000001400000008000000474449430300000025
0000000c0000000e0000800e00000014000000000000001000000014000
0000400000003010800050000000b0200000000050000000c021e00c201
040000002e0118001c000000fb020200010000000000bc02000000000102
022253797374656d003f3f3f3f3f00003f3f3f3f3f3f3f0000003f3f3f3f3f3f3f0
0040000002d01000004000000020101001c000000fb02f4ff000000000000
9001000000a30740001254696d6573204e657720526f6d616e000000000
0000000000000000000000000040000002d010100050000000902000000
020d000000320a0b0000000100040000000000c2011e002000050004000
0002d010000030000000000
1. Hai ng thang song song
a) nh ngha:
b) Tnh chat
(P ) (Q) (R)
(P ) (Q) = a
a, b, c o
ng qui
(P ) (R) = b a P bP c

(Q) (R) = c

(P ) (Q) = d

d P aP b
(P ) a,(Q) b
d a(d b)
a P b

a, b (P )
aP b
a b =

a b
a P c, bP c a P b

2. ng thang va mat phang song song

a) nh ngha:
d // (P) d (P) =
b) Tnh chat
d (P ), d ' (P )
d P (P )
d P (P )
dPa
d P d'

(Q) d,(Q) (P ) = a
(P ) (Q) = d
dP a

(P ) P a,(Q) P a
3. Hai mat phang song song
a) nh ngha:
b) Tnh chat
(P ) a, b

(P ) P (Q)
a b = M
a P (Q), bP (Q)

(P) // (Q) (P) (Q) =

(P ) (Q)

(P ) P (R) (P ) P (Q)

(Q) P (R)

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Khoi a dien

(Q) P (R)

(P ) (Q) = a a P b
(P ) (R) = b
4. Chng minh quan he song song
a) Chng minh hai ng thang song song
Co the s dung 1 trong cac cach sau:
Chng minh 2 ng thang o ong phang, roi ap
dung phng phap chng minh song song trong hnh hoc phang
(nh tnh chat ng trung bnh, nh l Talet ao, )
Chng minh 2 ng thang o cung song song vi
ng thang th ba.
Ap dung cac nh l ve giao tuyen song song.
b) Chng minh ng thang song song vi mat phang
e chng minh d P (P ) , ta chng minh d khong nam trong (P)

va song song vi mot ng thang d nao o nam trong (P).

c) Chng minh hai mat phang song song

Chng minh mat phang nay cha hai ng thang cat nhau
lan lt song song vi hai ng thang trong mat phang kia.
0100090000030202000002008a01000000008a01000026060f000a03574
d4643010000000000010016e30000000001000000e80200000000000
0e8020000010000006c00000000000000000000002c00000071000000
0000000000000000023e00002104000020454d4600000100e8020000
0e0000000200000000000000000000000000000070120000781a0000c
80000001f010000000000000000000000000000850c03008260040016
0000000c000000180000000a000000100000000000000000000000090
0000010000000a50e0000f8000000250000000c0000000e0000801200
00000c000000010000005200000070010000010000009cffffff0000000
0000000000000000090010000000000a307400012540069006d00650
0730020004e0065007700200052006f006d0061006e00000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000ac38093000000000040000000000ae30e9380930000000004
7169001a30002020603050405020304ff3a00e0417800c009000000000
00000ff01000000000000540069006d00650073002000000065007700
200052006f006d0061006e00000000000000dc36093050ebae3040262
4000100000000000000bc471100afb40230bc4711004c6eaf30d447110
06476000800000000250000000c00000001000000180000000c000000
00000002540000005400000000000000000000002c000000710000000
1000000dd97874085898740000000005a000000010000004c00000004
0000000000000000000000a60e0000fa00000050000000200000002d0
0000046000000280000001c0000004744494302000000ffffffffffffffffa60
e0000f900000000000000460000001400000008000000474449430300
0000250000000c0000000e0000800e000000140000000000000010000
000140000000400000003010800050000000b0200000000050000000c
021e00c201040000002e0118001c000000fb020200010000000000bc0
2000000000102022253797374656d003f3f3f3f3f00003f3f3f3f3f3f3f000
0003f3f3f3f3f3f3f00040000002d01000004000000020101001c000000f
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Tran S Tung

b02f4ff0000000000009001000000a30740001254696d6573204e65772
0526f6d616e0000000000000000000000000000000000040000002d01
0100050000000902000000020d000000320a0b000000010004000000
0000c2011e0020000500040000002d010000030000000000
1. Hai ng thang vuong goc

( ) 0
a) nh ngha:
a b a, b = 90
b) Tnh chat
r
r

Gia s u la VTCP cua a, v la VTCP cua b. Khi o

rr
a b u.v = 0 .

b c
a b

a c
2. ng thang va mat phang vuong goc
a) nh ngha:
d (P) d a, a (P)
b) Tnh chat
ieu kien e ng thang mat phang:
a, b (P ), a b = O
d (P )
d a, d b

aP b
(P ) b

(P ) a
(P ) P (Q)
a (Q)

a (P )

a b
aPb

a (P ), b (P )
(P ) (Q)
(P ) P (Q)

(P ) a,(Q) a

a P (P )
a (P )
aP ( P)
b (P ) b a

a b,(P ) b
Mat phang trung trc cua mot oan thang la mat
phang vuong goc vi oan thang tai trung iem cua no.
Mat phang trung trc cua oan thang la tap hp cac iem
cach eu hai au mut cua oan thang o.
nh l ba ng vuong goc
Cho a (P ), b (P ) , a la hnh chieu cua a tren (P). Khi o b a

b a
3. Hai mat phang vuong goc

0
a) nh ngha:
(P) (Q) (P ),(Q) = 90
b) Tnh chat
ieu kien e hai mat phang vuong goc vi
(P ) a
a (Q) (P ) (Q)
nhau:
(P ) (Q),(P ) (Q) = c
a (Q)

a (P ), a c
(P ) (Q) = a

a (R)
(P ) (R)
(Q) (R)

Trang 4

(P ) (Q)

a (P )
A (P )

a A, a (Q)

Tran S Tung

Khoi a dien

4. Chng minh quan he vuong goc

a) Chng minh hai ng thang vuong goc
e chng minh d a , ta co the s dung 1 trong cac cach sau:
Chng minh goc gia a va d bang 900.
Chng minh 2 vect ch phng cua a va d vuong goc vi
nhau.
Chng minh d b ma b P a .

Chng minh d vuong goc vi (P) va (P) cha a.

S dung nh l ba ng vuong goc.
S dung cac tnh chat cua hnh hoc phang (nh nh l
Pitago, ).
b) Chng minh ng thang vuong goc vi mat
phang
e chng minh d (P), ta co the chng minh bi mot trong
cac cach sau:
Chng minh d vuong goc vi hai ng thang a, b cat
nhau nam trong (P).
Chng minh d vuong goc vi (Q) va (Q) // (P).
Chng minh d // a va a (P).
Chng minh d (Q) vi (Q) (P) va d vuong goc vi
giao tuyen c cua (P) va (Q).
Chng minh d = (Q) (R) vi (Q) (P) va (R) (P).
c) Chng minh hai mat phang vuong goc
e chng minh (P) (Q), ta co the chng minh bi mot trong
cac cach sau:
Chng minh trong (P) co mot ng thang a ma a
(Q).
(
) 0
Chng minh (P ),(Q) = 90

0100090000030202000002008a01000000008a01000026060f000a03574
d4643010000000000010016e30000000001000000e80200000000000
0e8020000010000006c00000000000000000000002c0000007100000
00000000000000000023e00002104000020454d4600000100e802000
00e0000000200000000000000000000000000000070120000781a000
0c80000001f010000000000000000000000000000850c03008260040
0160000000c000000180000000a00000010000000000000000000000
00900000010000000a50e0000f8000000250000000c0000000e00008
0120000000c000000010000005200000070010000010000009cffffff00
000000000000000000000090010000000000a307400012540069006d
006500730020004e0065007700200052006f006d0061006e00000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000ac38093000000000040000000000ae30e938093000
00000047169001a30002020603050405020304ff3a00e0417800c0090
0000000000000ff01000000000000540069006d006500730020000000
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65007700200052006f006d0061006e00000000000000dc36093050eb
ae30402624000100000000000000bc471100afb40230bc4711004c6ea
f30d44711006476000800000000250000000c0000000100000018000
0000c00000000000002540000005400000000000000000000002c000
0007100000001000000dd97874085898740000000005a00000001000
0004c000000040000000000000000000000a60e0000fa00000050000
000200000002d00000046000000280000001c0000004744494302000
000ffffffffffffffffa60e0000f90000000000000046000000140000000800
00004744494303000000250000000c0000000e0000800e0000001400
00000000000010000000140000000400000003010800050000000b02
00000000050000000c021e00c201040000002e0118001c000000fb020
200010000000000bc02000000000102022253797374656d003f3f3f3f3
f00003f3f3f3f3f3f3f0000003f3f3f3f3f3f3f00040000002d01000004000
000020101001c000000fb02f4ff0000000000009001000000a30740001
254696d6573204e657720526f6d616e0000000000000000000000000
000000000040000002d010100050000000902000000020d000000320
a0b0000000100040000000000c2011e0020000500040000002d01000
0030000000000
1. Goc
a) Goc gia hai ng thang:
( a,b) = ( a ',b')

a//a',

b//b'

( )
Chu y: 00 a, b 900
b) Goc gia ng thang vi mat phang:

Neu d (P) th d,(P ) = 900.

( )
Neu d (P ) th d,(P ) = d, d ' vi d la hnh chieu cua d
tren (P).

Chu y: 00 d,(P ) 900

a (P )

b (Q) (P ),(Q) = ( a, b)

c) Goc gia hai mat phang

(
(

)
)

a (P ), a c

Gia s (P) (Q) = c. T I c, dng b (Q), b c

, b)
(P ),(Q) = ( a
0

0
Chu y: 0 (P ),(Q) 90
d) Dien tch hnh chieu cua mot a giac
Goi S la dien tch cua a giac (H) trong (P), S la dien tch cua

hnh chieu (H ) cua (H) tren (Q), = (P ),(Q) . Khi o: S

=
S.cos
2. Khoang cach
a) Khoang cach t mot iem en ng thang (mat
phang) bang o dai oan vuong goc ve t iem o en
ng thang (mat phang).
b) Khoang cach gia ng thang va mat phang

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Khoi a dien

song song bang khoang cach t mot iem bat k tren

ng thang en mat phang.
c) Khoang cach gia hai mat phang song song bang
khoang cach t mot iem bat k tren mat phang nay en
mat phang kia.
d) Khoang cach gia hai ng thang cheo nhau bang:
o dai oan vuong goc chung cua hai ng thang
o.
Khoang cach gia mot trong hai ng thang vi mat
phang cha ng thang kia va song song vi ng thang
th nhat.
Khoang cach gia hai mat phang, ma moi mat
phang cha ng thang nay va song song vi ng
thang kia.
0100090000030202000002008a01000000008a01000026060f000a03574
d4643010000000000010016e30000000001000000e80200000000000
0e8020000010000006c00000000000000000000002c0000007100000
00000000000000000023e00002104000020454d4600000100e802000
00e0000000200000000000000000000000000000070120000781a000
0c80000001f010000000000000000000000000000850c03008260040
0160000000c000000180000000a00000010000000000000000000000
00900000010000000a50e0000f8000000250000000c0000000e00008
0120000000c000000010000005200000070010000010000009cffffff00
000000000000000000000090010000000000a307400012540069006d
006500730020004e0065007700200052006f006d0061006e00000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000ac38093000000000040000000000ae30e938093000
00000047169001a30002020603050405020304ff3a00e0417800c0090
0000000000000ff01000000000000540069006d006500730020000000
65007700200052006f006d0061006e00000000000000dc36093050eb
ae30402624000100000000000000bc471100afb40230bc4711004c6ea
f30d44711006476000800000000250000000c0000000100000018000
0000c00000000000002540000005400000000000000000000002c000
0007100000001000000dd97874085898740000000005a00000001000
0004c000000040000000000000000000000a60e0000fa00000050000
000200000002d00000046000000280000001c0000004744494302000
000ffffffffffffffffa60e0000f90000000000000046000000140000000800
00004744494303000000250000000c0000000e0000800e0000001400
00000000000010000000140000000400000003010800050000000b02
00000000050000000c021e00c201040000002e0118001c000000fb020
200010000000000bc02000000000102022253797374656d003f3f3f3f3
f00003f3f3f3f3f3f3f0000003f3f3f3f3f3f3f00040000002d01000004000
000020101001c000000fb02f4ff0000000000009001000000a30740001
254696d6573204e657720526f6d616e0000000000000000000000000
000000000040000002d010100050000000902000000020d000000320
a0b0000000100040000000000c2011e0020000500040000002d01000
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0030000000000
1. He thc lng trong tam giac
a) Cho ABC vuong tai A, co ng cao AH.
2
2
2
2
2
AB + AC = BC AB = BC.BH , AC = BC.CH

1
1
1
=
+
AH 2 AB 2 AC 2
AB = BC.sinC = BC .cosB = AC.tanC = AC .cot B
b) Cho ABC co o dai ba canh la: a, b, c; o dai cac trung
tuyen la ma, mb, mc; ban knh ng tron ngoai tiep R; ban
knh ng tron noi tiep r; na chu vi p.
nh l ham so cosin:

a2=b2 + c2 2bc.cosA; b2 = c2 + a2 2ca.cosB; c2 = a2 + b2 2ab.cosC

a
b
c
=
=
= 2R
sin A sin B sin C
nh l ham so sin:
Cong thc o dai trung tuyen:
b2 + c2 a2
c2 + a2 b2
a2 + b2 c2
; mb2 =
; mc2 =

2
4
2
4
2
4
2. Cac cong thc tnh dien tch
a) Tam giac:
1
1
1
S = a.ha = b.hb = c.hc
2
2
2

1
1
1
S = bc sin A = ca. sin B = ab sin C
2
2
2
abc
S=
S = p( p a) ( p b) ( p c)
4R

S = pr

ABC vuong tai A: 2S = AB.AC = BC.AH

ma2 =

ABC eu, canh a:

b) Hnh vuong:
S = a2
vuong)
c) Hnh ch nhat: S = a.b

S=

a2 3
4
(a:

canh

hnh

(a, b: hai kch thc)

d) Hnh bnh hanh: S = ay cao = AB.AD.sinBAD

1

S = AB.AD.sinBAD
= AC.BD
2
e) Hnh thoi:
1
S = ( a + b ).h
2
f) Hnh thang:
(a, b: hai ay, h: chieu
cao)
g) T giac co hai ng cheo vuong goc:
1
S = AC.BD
2
0100090000030202000002008a01000000008a01000026060f000a03574
d4643010000000000010016e30000000001000000e80200000000000
0e8020000010000006c00000000000000000000002c0000007100000
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1. The tch cua khoi

V = abc
hop ch nhat.
2. The tch cua khoi
1
V = Say.h
3

Khoi a dien

hop ch nhat:
vi a, b, c la ba kch thc cua khoi
chop:
vi Say la dien tch ay, h la chieu cao

cua khoi chop

3. The tch cua khoi lang tru:
V = Say.h
vi Say la dien tch ay, h la chieu cao
cua khoi lang tru
4. Mot so phng phap tnh the tch khoi a dien
a) Tnh the tch bang cong thc
Tnh cac yeu to can thiet: o dai canh, dien tch
ay, chieu cao,
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Khoi a dien

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S dung cong thc e tnh the tch.

b) Tnh the tch bang cach chia nho
Ta chia khoi a dien thanh nhieu khoi a dien nho ma
co the de dang tnh c the tch cua chung. Sau o,
cong cac ket qua ta c the tch cua khoi a dien can
tnh.
c) Tnh the tch bang cach bo sung
Ta co the ghep them vao khoi a dien mot khoi a
dien khac sao cho khoi a dien them vao va khoi a dien
mi tao thanh co the de tnh c the tch.
d) Tnh the tch bang cong thc t so the tch
Ta co the van dung tnh chat sau:
Cho ba tia Ox, Oy, Oz khong ong phang. Vi bat k cac
iem A, A tren Ox; B, B' tren Oy; C, C' tren Oz, ta eu co:
VOABC
OA OB OC
=
.
.
VOA'B'C ' OA' OB ' OC '
* Bo sung
Dien tch xung quanh cua hnh lang tru (hnh chop) bang
tong dien tch cac mat ben
Dien tch toan phan cua hnh lang tru (hnh chop) bang
tong dien tch xung quanh vi dien tch cac ay.
Bai1.Cho hnh chop t giac eu S.ABCD co ay ABCD la hnh

vuong canh a. Goc gia mat ben va mat ay bang (450 <
< 900). Tnh the tch hnh chop.
1
1
atan
V = a3 tan
6
HD: Tnh h = 2

Bai2.Cho hnh chop t giac eu S.ABCD co ay ABCD la hnh

vuong canh 2a, canh ben SA = a 5 . Mot mat phang (P) i qua
AB va vuong goc vi mp(SCD) lan lt cat SC va SD tai C
va D . Tnh the tch cua khoi a dien ADD .BCC .
HD: Ghep them khoi S.ABC'D' vao khoi ADD'.BCC' th c khoi
SABCD
5a3 3
6

Bai3.Cho hnh chop tam giac S.ABC co SA = x, BC = y, cac canh

con lai eu bang 1. Tnh the tch hnh chop theo x va y.
HD: Chia khoi SABC thanh hai khoi SIBC va AIBC (I la trung iem
SA)
xy
V=
4 x2 y2
12

Bai4.Cho t dien ABCD co cac canh AD = BC = a, AC = BD = b,

AB = CD = c. Tnh the tch t dien theo a, b, c.
HD: Trong mp(BCD) lay cac iem P, Q, R sao cho B, C, D lan lt
1
AP.AQ.AR
la trung iem cua PQ, QR, RP. Chu y: V
= 4V
= 6
V=

APQR

Trang 10

ABCD

Tran S Tung

Khoi a dien

2
(a2 + b2 c2)(b2 + c2 a2)(c2 + a2 b2)
12

Bai5.Cho hnh chop S.ABC co ay ABC la tam giac eu canh a,

SA = 2a va SA (ABC).Goi M va N lan lt la hnh chieu cua A
tren cac ng thang SB va SC. Tnh the tch khoi chop
A.BCNM.
V=

SA SM SN SA2
16
3a3 3
=
.
.
=
=
V
=
V
SA SB SC SB2
25
50
HD: SABC

Bai6.Cho hnh chop S.ABCD co ay ABCD la hnh vuong canh

VSAMN

7cm, SA (ABCD), SB = 7 3 cm. Tnh the tch cua khoi chop

S.ABCD.
Bai7.Cho hnh chop S.ABC co ay ABC la tam giac vuong tai A
vi AB = 3 cm, AC = 4cm. Hai mat phang (SAB) va (SAC) cung
vuong goc vi mat phang ay va SA = 5cm. Tnh the tch
khoi chop S.ABC.
Bai8.Cho hnh t dien ABCD co AD (ABC). Cho AC = AD = 4cm,

AB = 3cm, BC = 5cm.
a) Tnh khoang cach t A en mp(BCD).
b) Tnh the tch t dien ABCD.
Bai9.Cho lang tru tam giac eu ABC.A B C co mp(ABC ) tao
vi ay mot goc 450 va dien tch ABC bang 49 6 cm2. Tnh
the tch lang tru.
Bai10.Cho hnh vuong ABCD canh a, cac na ng thang Bx,
Dy vuong goc vi mp(ABCD) va ve cung mot pha oi vi
mat phang ay. Tren Bx va Dy lan lt lay cac iem M, N va
goi BM = x, DN = y. Tnh the tch t dien ACMN theo a, x, y.
Bai11.Cho hnh chop S.ABCD co ay ABCD la hnh ch nhat vi
AB =a, AD = a 2 , SA (ABCD). Goi M,N lan lt la trung iem
cua AD va SC, I la giao iem cua BM va AC.
a) Chng minh mp(SAC) BM.
b) Tnh the tch cua khoi t dien ANIB.
Bai12.Cho hnh chop S.ABC co ay ABC la tam giac eu canh a,
SA = 2a va SA (ABC). Goi M va N lan lt la hnh chieu cua A
tren cac ng thang SB, SC. Tnh the tch khoi chop A.BCNM.
Bai13.(A08) Cho lang tru ABC. ABC co o dai canh ben
bang 2a, ay ABC la tam giac vuong tai A, AB = a, AC = a 3
va hnh chieu vuong goc cua A tren (ABC) la trung iem cua
BC. Tnh theo a the tch cua khoi chop A.ABC va cosin cua goc
gia 2 ng thang AA va BC.
HD:

V=

a3
;
2

cos =

1
4

Bai14.(B08): Cho hnh chop S.ABCD co ay ABCD la hnh vuong

canh 2a, SA = a, SB = a 3 va (SAB) vuong goc mat ay. Goi M,

N lan lt la trung iem AB, BC. Tnh theo a the tch cua khoi
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chop S.BMDN va cosin cua goc gia hai ng thang SM va

DN.
HD:

V=

a3 3
;
3

cos =

5
5

Bai15.(D08): Cho lang tru ng ABC. ABC co ay ABC la tam

giac vuong, AB = BC = a, canh ben AA = a 2 . Goi M la trung

iem cua BC. Tnh theo a the tch cua lang tru ABC.ABC va
khoang cach gia 2 ng thang AM, B C.
HD:

2a3
;
2

V=

d=

a 7
7

Bai16.(A07): Cho hnh chop S.ABCD co ay ABCD la hnh vuong

canh a, mat ben SAD la tam giac eu va nam trong mat

phang vuong goc vi ay. Goi M, N, P lan lt la trung iem
SB, BC, CD. Chng minh AM BP va tnh the tch khoi CMNP.
HD:

3a3
96

V=

Bai17.(B07): Cho hnh chop t giac eu S.ABCD co ay ABCD

la hnh vuong canh a. Goi E la iem oi xng cua D qua trung

iem cua SA; M la trung iem cua AE, N la trung iem cua
BC. Chng minh MN BD va tnh khoang cach gia hai ng
thang MN va AC.
HD:

d=

a 2
4

Bai18.(D07): Cho hnh chop S.ABCD co ay ABCD la hnh thang

0
vi ABC = BAD = 90 , BC = BA = a, AD = 2a. SA(ABCD), SA = a 2 . Goi
H la hnh chieu vuong goc cua A tren SB. Chng minh tam
giac SCD vuong va tnh khoang cach t H en (SCD).
HD:

d=

a
3

Bai19.(A06): Cho hnh tru co cac ay la hai hnh tron tam O

va O , ban knh ay bang chieu cao va bang a. Tren ng

tron ay tam O lay iem A, tren ng tron ay tam O
lay iem B sao cho AB = 2a. Tnh the tch cua khoi t dien OO
AB.
HD:

V=

3a3
12

Bai20.(B06): Cho hnh chop S.ABCD co ay ABCD la hnh ch

nhat vi AB = a, AD = a 2 , SA = a va SA (ABCD). Goi M, N lan

lt la trung iem cua AD, SC; I la giao iem cua BM va AC.
Chng minh rang (SAC) (SMB). Tnh the tch cua khoi t dien
ANIB.
HD:

V=

a3 2
36
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Khoi a dien

Bai21.(D06): Cho hnh chop tam giac S.ABC co ay ABC la tam

giac eu canh a, SA = 2a va SA (ABC). Goi M, N lan lt la

hnh chieu vuong goc cua A tren SB, SC. Tnh the tch cua hnh
chop A.BCMN.
HD:

V=

3 3a3
50

Bai22.(D b 1 A07): Cho lang tru ng ABC.A1B1C1 co AB = a,

0
AC = 2a, AA1 = 2a 5 va BAC = 120 . Goi M la trung iem CC1.
Chng minh MB MA1 va tnh khoang cach d t A en (A1BM).
HD:

d=

a 5
3

Bai23.(D

A07):

Cho

hnh

chop

SABC

co

goc

(SBC),( ABC ) = 600

, ABC va SBC la cac tam giac eu canh a. Tnh
theo a khoang cach t B en (SAC).
3a
d=
13
HD:
Bai24.(D b 1 B07): Cho hnh chop S.ABCD co ay ABCD la
hnh vuong tam O, SA (ABCD). AB = a, SA = a 2 . Goi H, K lan lt
la hnh chieu vuong goc cua A tren SB, SD. Chng minh
SC(AHK) va tnh the tch cua t dien OAHK.
HD:

V=

2a3
27

Bai25.(D b 2 B07): Trong mat phang (P), cho na ng

tron ng knh AB = 2R va iem C thuoc na ng tron

o sao cho AC = R. Tren ng thang vuong goc vi (P) tai A
0

lay iem S sao cho (SAB),(SBC) = 60 . Goi H, K lan lt la hnh

chieu cua A tren SB, SC. Chng minh tam giac AHK vuong va
tnh the tch t dien SABC.

HD:

V=

R3 6
12

Bai26.(D b 1 D07): Cho lang tru ng ABC.A1B1C1 co ay

ABC la tam giac vuong, AB = AC = a, AA1 = a 2 . Goi M, N lan

lt la trung iem oan AA1 va BC1. Chng minh MN la ng
vuong goc chung cua AA1 va BC1. Tnh the tch cua t dien
MA1BC1.
HD:

V=

a3 2
12

Bai27.(D b 2 D07): Cho lang tru ng ABC.A1B1C1 co tat ca

cac canh eu bang a. M la trung iem cua oan AA1. Chng

minh BM B1C va tnh khoang cach gia hai ng thang BM
Trang 13

Khoi a dien

Tran S Tung

va B1C.
HD:

d=

a 30
10

Bai28.(D b 1 A06): Cho hnh hop ng ABCD.A'B'C'D' co cac

a 3

0
canh AB = AD = a, AA' = 2 va BAD = 60 . Goi M, N lan lt la
trung iem cua cac canh A'D' va A'B'. Chng minh AC'
(BDMN). Tnh the tch khoi chop A.BDMN.
HD:

V=

3a3
16

Bai29.(D b 2 A06): Cho hnh chop S.ABCD co ay ABCD la

hnh ch nhat vi AB = a, AD = 2a, canh SA vuong goc vi

ay, canh SB tao vi mat phang ay mot goc 600. Tren
a 3
canh SA lay iem M sao cho AM = 3 . Mat phang (BCM) cat
canh SD tai N. Tnh the tch khoi chop S.BCNM.
HD:

V=

10 3 3
a
27

Bai30.(D b 1 B06): Cho hnh chop S.ABCD co ay ABCD la

0
hnh thoi canh a, BAD = 60 , SA (ABCD), SA = a. Goi C' la trung
iem cua SC. Mat phang (P) i qua AC' va song song vi BD,
cat cac canh SB, SD lan lt tai B', D'. Tnh the tch khoi chop
S.AB'C'D'.
HD:

V=

a3 3
18

Bai31.(D b 2 B06): Cho hnh lang tru ABC.A'B'C' co A'ABC la

hnh chop tam giac eu, canh ay AB = a, canh ben AA' = b.

Goi la goc gia hai mat phang (ABC) va (A'BC). Tnh tan va
the tch khoi chop A'.BB'C'C.
2 3b2 a2
a2 3b2 a2
V=
a
6
HD: tan =
;
Bai32.(D b 1 D06): Cho hnh chop t giac eu S.ABCD co
canh ay bang a. Goi SH la ng cao cua hnh chop. Khoang
cach t trung iem I cua SH en mat phang (SBC) bang b.
Tnh the tch khoi chop S.ABCD.

HD:

2
a3b
V= .
3 a2 16b2

Bai33.(D b 2 D06): Cho hnh lap phng ABCD.A B C D co

2
a
canh bang a va iem K thuoc canh CC sao cho CK = 3 . Mat
phang () i qua A, K va song song vi BD, chia khoi lap phng
thanh hai khoi a dien. Tnh the tch cua hai khoi a dien o.
Trang 14

Tran S Tung

HD:

V1 =

a3
;
3

Khoi a dien
V2 =

2a3
3

Bai34.(D b 04): Cho hnh chop S.ABC co SA = 3a va SB

(ABC). Tam giac ABC co BA = BC = a, goc ABC bang 120 0. Tnh

khoang cach t iem A en mat phang (SBC).
Bai35.(D b 03): Cho hnh chop S.ABC co ay ABC la tam giac
vuong tai B, AB = a, BC = 2a, canh SA vuong goc vi ay va
SA = 2a. Goi M la trung iem cua SC. Chng minh rang tam
giac AMB can tai M va tnh dien tch tam giac AMB theo a.
HD:

S AMB =

2 2
a
2

0100090000030202000002008a01000000008a01000026060f000a
03574d4643010000000000010016e30000000001000000e8020000
00000000e8020000010000006c00000000000000000000002c0000
00710000000000000000000000023e00002104000020454d460000
0100e80200000e0000000200000000000000000000000000000070
120000781a0000c80000001f010000000000000000000000000000
850c030082600400160000000c000000180000000a000000100000
0000000000000000000900000010000000a50e0000f80000002500
00000c0000000e000080120000000c000000010000005200000070
010000010000009cffffff0000000000000000000000009001000000
0000a307400012540069006d006500730020004e00650077002000
52006f006d0061006e000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ac38
093000000000040000000000ae30e93809300000000047169001a3
0002020603050405020304ff3a00e0417800c00900000000000000ff
01000000000000540069006d006500730020000000650077002000
52006f006d0061006e00000000000000dc36093050ebae30402624
000100000000000000bc471100afb40230bc4711004c6eaf30d4471
1006476000800000000250000000c00000001000000180000000c0
0000000000002540000005400000000000000000000002c0000007
100000001000000dd97874085898740000000005a0000000100000
04c000000040000000000000000000000a60e0000fa00000050000
000200000002d00000046000000280000001c00000047444943020
00000ffffffffffffffffa60e0000f900000000000000460000001400000
0080000004744494303000000250000000c0000000e0000800e000
000140000000000000010000000140000000400000003010800050
000000b0200000000050000000c021e00c201040000002e0118001
c000000fb020200010000000000bc0200000000010202225379737
4656d003f3f3f3f3f00003f3f3f3f3f3f3f0000003f3f3f3f3f3f3f000400
00002d01000004000000020101001c000000fb02f4ff00000000000
09001000000a30740001254696d6573204e657720526f6d616e000
0000000000000000000000000000000040000002d0101000500000
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Bai1.Cho hnh chop t giac eu SABCD, co canh ay bang a va

ASB =
.
a) Tnh dien tch xung quanh hnh chop.
a

cot2 1
2
b) Chng minh chieu cao cua hnh chop bang 2
c) Tnh the tch khoi chop.
HD:

a) Sxq =

a2 cot

1 3

a cot2 1
2
c) V = 6

Bai2.Cho hnh chop SABC co 2 mat ben (SAB) va (SAC) vuong

goc vi ay. ay ABC la tam giac can nh A. Trung tuyen

AD = a. Canh ben SB tao vi ay goc a va tao vi mp(SAD)
goc b.
a) Xac nh cac goc a, b.
b) Chng minh: SB2 = SA2 + AD2 + BD2.
c) Tnh dien tch toan phan va the tch khoi chop.

HD: a) SBA = ; BSD =

1
a2
a2 sin
(sin2 + sin2 ) +
2 cos2 sin2
cos2 sin2
c) Stp =
a3 sin .sin
2
2
V = 3(cos sin )
Bai3.Cho hnh chop SABCD co ay ABCD la hnh vuong canh a.
Mat ben SAB la tam giac eu va vuong goc vi ay. Goi H
la trung iem cua AB va M la mot iem di ong tren ng
thang BC.
a) Chng minh rang SH ^ (ABCD). Tnh the tch khoi chop
SABCD.
b) Tm tap hp cac hnh chieu cua S len DM.
c) Tm khoang cach t S en DM theo a va x = CM.
HD: b) K thuoc ng tron ng knh HD
c)
SK
=

a 7 a2 4ax + 4 x2
2
a2 + x2
Bai4.Tren ng thang vuong goc tai A vi mat phang cua
hnh vuong ABCD canh a ta lay iem S vi SA = 2a. Goi B, D
la hnh chieu cua A len SB va SD. Mat phang (ABD) cat SC
tai C. Tnh the tch khoi chop SABCD.
VSABC

8
15

16a3
VSABC
HD:
VSABCD = 45
Bai5.Cho hnh chop SABCD co ay ABCD la hnh bnh hanh. Mot
mat phang (P) cat SA, SB, SC, SD lan lt tai A, B, C, D.
Chng minh:
=

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Khoi a dien

SA SC SB SD
+
=
+
SA SC SB SD
HD: S dung tnh chat t so the tch hnh chop
Bai6.Cho t dien eu SABC co canh la a. Dng ng cao SH.
a) Chng minh SA ^ BC.
b) Tnh the tch va dien tch toan phan cua hnh chop SABC.
c) Goi O la trung iem cua SH. Chng minh rang OA, OB, OC
oi mot vuong goc vi nhau.
a3 2
2
HD: b) V = 12 ;
Stp = a 3 .
Bai7.Cho hnh chop t giac eu SABCD co canh ben tao vi
ay mot goc 600 va canh ay bang a.
a) Tnh the tch khoi chop.
b) Qua A dng mat phang (P) vuong goc vi SC. Tnh dien tch
thiet dien tao bi (P) va hnh chop.
a3 6
a2 3
HD: a) V = 6
b) S = 3
Bai8.Cho hnh chop t giac eu SABCD co chieu cao SH = h va
goc ay cua mat ben la a.
a) Tnh dien tch xung quanh va the tch khoi chop theo a va h.
b) Cho iem M di ong tren canh SC. Tm tap hp hnh chieu
cua S xuong mp(MAB).
4h3

4h2 tan

2
2
a) Sxq = tan 1 ; V = 3(tan 1)
Bai9.Tren canh AD cua hnh vuong ABCD canh a, ngi ta lay
iem M vi AM = x (0 x a) va tren na ng thang Ax
vuong goc tai A vi mat phang cua hnh vuong, ngi ta lay
iem S vi SA = y (y > 0).
a) Chng minh hai mat phang (SBA) va (SBC) vuong goc.
b) Tnh khoang cach t iem M en mp(SAC).
c) Tnh the tch khoi chop SABCM.
d) Vi gia thiet x2 + y2 = a2. Tm gia tr ln nhat cua the tch
vi SABCM.
e) I la trung iem cua SC. Tm qu tch hnh chieu cua I xuong
MC khi M di ong tren oan AD.

HD:

x 2
1
1 3
ay(x + a)
a 3
HD: b) d = 2 c) V = 6
d) Vmax = 24
Bai10.Cho hnh chop SABCD co ay ABCD la hnh ch nhat co
canh AB = a, canh ben SA vuong goc vi ay, canh ben SC
hp vi ay goc a va hp vi mat ben SAB mot goc b.
a2
2
2
a) Chng minh: SC2 = cos sin .
b) Tnh the tch khoi chop.

a3 sin .sin
HD:

2
2
b) V = 3(cos sin )

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Tran S Tung

Bai11.Cho hnh chop S.ABCD co ay ABCD la hnh vuong canh

a .Canh ben SA =2a va vuong goc vi mat phang ay.

a) Tnh dien tch toan phan cua hnh chop.
b) Ha AE SB, AF SD. Chng minh SC (AEF).
Bai12.Cho hnh chop t giac eu S.ABCD, co ay ABCD la hnh
vuong canh bang a va SA = SB = SC = SD = a. Tnh dien tch
toan phan va the tch khoi chop S.ABCD.
Bai13.Cho hnh chop t giac S.ABCD co ay la ABCD hnh thang
vuong tai A va D, AB = AD = a, CD = 2a. Canh ben SD (ABCD)
va SD = a .
a) Chng minh SBC vuong. Tnh dien tch SBC.
b) Tnh khoang cach t A en mat phang (SBC).
Bai14.Cho hnh chop t giac S.ABCD co ay ABCD la hnh thang
vuong tai A va D, AB = AD = a, CD = 2a. Canh ben SD (ABCD),
SD = a 3 . T trung iem E cua DC dng EK SC (K SC). Tnh
the tch khoi chop S.ABCD theo a va chng minh SC (EBK).
Bai15.Cho hnh chop t giac S.ABCD co ay ABCD la hnh thang
vuong tai A va D. Biet rang AB = 2a, AD = CD = a (a > 0). Canh
ben SA = 3a va vuong goc vi ay.
a) Tnh dien tch tam giac SBD.
b) Tnh the tch cua t dien SBCD theo a.
Bai16.Cho hnh chop tam giac S.ABC co ay ABC la tam giac
vuong B. Canh SA vuong goc vi ay. T A ke cac oan
thang AD SB va AE SC. Biet AB = a, BC = b, SA = c.
a) Tnh the tch cua khoi chop S.ADE.
b) Tnh khoang cach t iem E en mat phang (SAB).
Bai17.Cho lang tru tam giac eu ABC.ABC, canh ay bang a,
ng cheo cua mat ben BCCB hp vi mat ben ABBA
mot goc a.
a) Xac nh goc a.
a3 3 sin3
3
b) Chng minh the tch lang tru la: 8 sin .

HD: a) CBI vi I la trung iem cua AB

Bai18.Cho lang tru t giac eu ABCD.ABCD, chieu cao h.
Mat phang (ABD) hp vi mat ben ABBA mot goc a. Tnh
the tch va dien tch xung quanh cua lang tru.
HD:

3
2
2
2
V = h tan 1 , Sxq = 4h tan 1 .

Bai19.Cho lang tru ng ABC.ABC, ay ABC vuong tai A.

Khoang cach t AA en mat ben BCCB bang a, mp(ABC)

cach C mot khoang bang b va hp vi ay goc a.

a) Dng AH ^ BC, CK ^ AC. Chng minh: AH = a, CAC = a, CK = b.

b) Tnh the tch lang tru.
c) Cho a = b khong oi, con a thay oi. nh a e the tch lang
tru nho nhat.

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Khoi a dien
ab3

2
HD: b) V = sin2 b a sin
c) a = arctan 2
Bai20.Cho lang tru eu ABCD.ABCD canh ay bang a. Goc
gia ng cheo AC va ay la 600. Tnh the tch va dien
tch xung quanh hnh lang tru.
2

V = a3 6 ; Sxq = 4a2 6
Bai21.Cho lang tru t giac eu, co canh ben la h. T mot
nh ve 2 ng cheo cua 2 mat ben ke nhau. Goc gia 2
ng cheo ay la a. Tnh dien tch xung quanh hnh lang tru.
HD:

1 cos
HD: Sxq = 4h2 cos .
Bai22.Cho lang tru tam giac eu ABc.ABC, canh ay bang a.
Mat phang (ABC) hp vi mp(BCCB) mot goc a. Goi I, J la
hnh chieu cua A len BC va BC.

a) Chng minh AJ I = a.
b) Tnh the tch va dien tch xung quanh hnh lang tru.
3a3

b) V = 4 tan 3 ; Sxq = 3a2 tan 3 .

Bai23.Cho lang tru xien ABC.ABC, ay la tam giac eu canh
a, AA = AB = AC = b.
a) Xac nh ng cao cua lang tru ve t A. Chng minh
mat ben BCCB la hnh ch nhat.
b) nh b theo a e mat ben ABBA hp vi ay goc 600.
c) Tnh the tch va dien tch toan phan theo a vi gia tr b tm
c.
HD:

7
a2
(7 3 + 21)
HD: b) b = a 12
c) Stp = 6
Bai24.Cho hnh lang tru xien ABC.ABC, ay ABC la tam giac
vuong can nh A. Mat ben ABBA la hnh thoi canh a, nam
tren mat phang vuong goc vi ay. Mat ben ACCA hp
vi ay goc nh dien co so o a (0 < a < 900).

a) Chng minh: AAB = a.

b) Tnh the tch lang tru.
c) Xac nh thiet dien thang qua A. Tnh dien tch xung quanh
lang tru.
d) Goi b la goc nhon ma mp(BCCB) hp vi mat phang
ay.
Chng minh: tanb =
1
HD: b) V = 2 a3sina

2 tana.

2
c) Sxq = a2(1 + sina + 1 + sin )
Bai25.Cho lang tru xien ABC.ABC ay la tam giac eu canh
a. Hnh chieu cua A len mp(ABC) trung vi tam ng tron

(ABC). Cho BAA = 450.

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Khoi a dien

Tran S Tung

a) Tnh the tch lang tru.

lang tru.

b) Tnh dien tch xung quanh

a2 2
2
HD: a) V = 8
b) Sxq = a2(1 + 2 ).
Bai26.Cho lang tru xien ABC.ABC, ay ABC la tam giac eu
noi tiep trong ng tron tam O. Hnh chieu cua C len
mp(ABC) la O. Khoang cach gia AB va CC la d va so o nh
dien canh CC la 2j.
a) Tnh the tch lang tru.
b) Goi a la goc gia 2 mp(ABBA) va (ABC) (0 < a < 900).
Tnh j biet a + j = 900.
2d3 tan3

2
2
2
3
tan

1
3
tan

1
HD: a) V =
b) tana =
; j = arctan 2
Bai27.Cho lang tru xien ABC.ABC co ay la tam giac
vuong tai A, AB = a, BC = 2a. Mat ben ABBA la hnh thoi, mat
ben BCCB nam trong mat phang vuong goc vi ay, hai
mat nay hp vi nhau mot goc a.
a) Tnh khoang cach t A en mp(BCCB). Xac nh goc a.
b) Tnh the tch lang tru.
HD:
= a.

a 3

a) 2 . Goi AK la ng cao cua DABC; ve KH ^ BB. AHK

3a3
cot
b) V = 2
.
Bai28.Cho hnh hop ng ABCD.ABCD, ay la hnh thoi. Biet
dien tch 2 mat cheo ACCA, BDDB la S1, S2.
a) Tnh dien tch xung quanh hnh hop.

b) Biet BAD = 1v. Tnh the tch hnh hop.

S1S2
2
.
2 4 S2 S2
S2 + S22
2
1
HD: a) Sxq = 2 1
b) V =
Bai29.Cho hnh hop ch nhat ABCD.ABCD, ng cheo AC
= d hp vi ay ABCD mot goc a va hp vi mat ben BCCB
mot goc b.

a) Chng minh: CAC = vaACB = .

b) Chng minh the tch hnh hop la: V = d3sina.sinb
cos( + ).cos( )
c) Tm he thc gia a, b e ADCB la hnh vuong. Cho d
khong oi, a va b thay oi ma ADCB luon la hnh vuong,
nh a, b e V ln nhat.
d3 2
= 32 khi a = b = 300 (dung

HD: c) 2(cos2a sin2b) = 1 ; Vmax

Cosi).
Bai30.Cho hnh hop ABCD.ABCD co ay la hnh thoi ABCD
Trang 20

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Khoi a dien

canh a, A = 600. Chan ng vuong goc ha t B xuong ay

ABCD trung vi giao iem 2 ng cheo cua ay. Cho BB = a.
a) Tnh goc gia canh ben va ay.
b) Tnh the tch va dien tch xung quanh hnh hop.
3a3
HD: a) 600
b) V = 4 ; Sxq = a2 15 .
Bai31.Cho hnh hop xien ABCD.ABCD, ay ABCD la hnh thoi

canh a va BAD = 600; AA = AB = AD va canh ben hp vi

ay goc a.
a) Xac nh chan ng cao cua hnh hop ve t A va goc
a. Tnh the tch hnh hop.
b) Tnh dien tch cac t giac ACCA, BDDB.

(
)

ABB
A
,
ABCD
c) at b =
. Tnh a biet a + b = 4 .
HD: a) Chan ng cao la tam cua tam giac eu ABD.
b) SBDDB

a2 3
= 3 sin ; SACCA = a2tana

c)

arctan

17 3
4

Chan thanh cam n cac ban ong nghiep va cac em hoc

sinh a oc tap tai lieu nay.
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