4-8

Three Phase Dual Converters (H.Rashid):

In many variable speed drives, the four quadrant operation is required and 3- dual converters are extensively used in applications up to the 2000 kw levels.

Fig (4-10 a) shows three phase dual converter, where two 3- converters are connected back to back. As due to the instantaneous voltage differences between the output voltages of converters, a circulating current flows through the converters (as already described in single phase dual converters).

The circulating current is normally limited by circulating reactor L r.

The two converters are controlled in such a way that if delay angle of converter 2 is

is the delay angle of converter 1, then the

Fig (4-10b) shows the waveforms for input voltage, output voltages and the voltage across inductor L r.

The operation of each converter is exactly similar to that of three phase full converter.

During the period (

) t(

) , the line to line voltage

appears across the

output of converter 1 and voltage

appears across the output of converter 2.

If the three line-neutral voltages are defined as; =V =V =V

m

sin t sin ( t ( sin ( t + ( )) ))

The corresponding line-to-line voltages are; = = = Where V

m

= = =

V V V

sin ( t + ( )) sin ( t ( )) sin ( t + ( ))

is the peak phase voltage of Wye-connected source.

If & are the output voltages of the converters 1 & converter 2 then; the instantaneous Voltage across the inductor during interval ( ) t( ) is obtained as; Vr= =>

=> =>

( (

( ) ( )

sin ( t ( )

Sin ( t ( )] - - - - - - - - - - - (4-63)

=>

( )]

The circulating current can be found from;

I r (t) = ( => (

) ( ) (
)

) ( ( )] ( )

=>

)[sin (

( )]

sin

- - - - - - - - - - - (4-64)

The circulating current depends on delay angle and on inductance L r. This current is maximum when t = ( ) and

= 0.

Such converters would be continuously running due the circulating current as a result of ripple voltage across the inductor (even without any external load). This allows smooth reversal of load current during the change over from one quadrant operation to another and provides fast dynamic responses, especially for electrical motor drives.