So snh Incoterms 2000 v Incoterms 2010

Incoterms 2010 c hiu lc ngy 01/01/2011 vi nhng sa i, b sung, cp nht so vi nhng thay i trong thng mi quc t. Bi vit di y gii thiu mt s im ging nhau v khc nhau gia Incoterms 2010 v Incoterms 2011 nhm gip ngi lm cng tc xut nhp khu kp thi cp nht cc quy nh mi v vn dng linh hot cc tp qun thng mi quc t. im ging nhau ca Incoterms 2000 v Incoterms 2010 - C 07 iu kin thng mi: EXW, FAS, FOB, CFR, CIF, CPT, CIP - Khuyn co p dng phng tin thy i vi cc iu kin: FAS, FOB, CFR, CIF - p dng vi cc loi phng tin vn ti v vn ti a phng thc i vi cc iu kin: CPT, CIP, DDP - C Incoterms 2000 v Incoterms 2010 u khng phi l lut. Cc bn c th p dng hon ton, hoc c th p dng mt phn, nhng khi p dng ghi r trong hp ng ngoi thng, nhng iu p dng khc i nht thit phi m t k trong hp ng ngoi thng im khc nhau gia Incoterms 2000 v Incoterms 2010

STT Tiu ch so snh

1 2 3 S cc iu kin thng mi S nhm c phn Cch thc phn nhm Ngha v lin quan n m bo an ninh hng ha Khuyn co ni p dng Incoterms Quy nh v chi ph c lin quan Cc iu kin thng mi DES, DEQ, DAF, DDU Cc iu kin thng mi: DAT, DAP Ni chuyn ri ro ca iu kin FOB, CFR, CIF Quy nh phn chia chi ph khi kinh doanh theo chui (bn hng trong quy trnh vn chuyn)

Incoterms 2000
13 iu kin 04 nhm Theo chi ph vn ti v a im chuyn ri ro Khng quy nh Thng mi quc t Khng tht r C Khng Lan can tu Khng

Incoterms 2010
11 iu kin 02 nhm Theo hnh thc vn ti: thy v cc loi phng tin vn ti C qui nh A2/B2; A10/B10 Thng mi quc t v ni a; s dng trong cc khu ngoi quan Kh r: A4/B4 & A6/B6 Khng C Hng xp xong trn tu C

4 5

6 7 8 9 10

B qui tc INCOTERMS 2010 c nhng thay i no m bn cn lu ? 1. B 4 iu khon (DAF, DES, DEQ v DDU) v a vo 2 iu khon mi (DAP Delivered at Place v DAT Delivered at Terminal). 2. Chnh thc to ra hai loi INCOTERMS - (1) cc qui tc p dng cho bt c phng thc vn ti no, v (2) cc qui tc p dng cho vn ti ng bin v ng thy ni a (INCOTERMS 2000 c 4 loi). 3. Chnh thc tha nhn rng nhng qui tc ny c th s dng c trong thng mi quc t v thng mi ni a (nu ph hp). iu khon EXW c ni r l ch ph hp cho thng mi ni a. 4. Nu r tham chiu n vic s dng cc phng tin ghi chp in t c gi tr tng ng , nu nh cc bn ng nh vy, hoc l tp qun thng mi. 5. Sa i iu khon bo him phn nh nhng thay i i vi Cc iu khon bo him chun (Institute Cargo Clauses (theo nhng thay i gn y i vi cc iu khon bo him LMA/IUA2 vo nm 2009).

6. Phn b cc ngha v tng ng ca cc bn trong vic cung cp hoc h tr ly c cc chng t v thng tin cn thit nhm thng quan lin quan n an ninh. 7. Trch nhim i vi cc khon ph xp hng ti ga/trm c phn b r rng. 8. Bao gm nghha v mua hng ha phn nh nhng thng l hin nay trong mua bn hng theo dy chuyn (mua bn hng c xp ln tu c ngha l hng trn boong tu). nht: tn gi ca n l ngn ng thng mi quc t v thng mi ni a ch ko ch l ngn ng thng mi quc t nh nm 2000. iu ny l do s pht trin ca cc lin minh kinh t nh EU, thm vo bun bn ni a rt pht trin M, h thng dng Incoterms trong k kt hp ng TH hai: s iu kin thay i do b DES, DEQ, DAF v D DU thay vo l DAP v DAT. iu ny l do 4 ci kia b lp v hai ci mi bao gm c 4 ci kia. th ba: incoterms 2010 phn chia theo phng thc vn ti tc l ng bin ring, cc ng khc ring cn 2000 th phn chia theo nhm Th t l mt s thay i nh khc trong cc iu kin nh nh FOB nh bn ni trn. l b gii hn lan can tu trong mt s iu kin..... thay vo hng ha c xp ln tu( ko hn l boong tu nh bn ni v s c hng c ch phn di tu). Ln tu c hiu l v tr ca hng trn tu.

Incoterms 2010 p dng cho c giao dch ni a B khi nim "lan can tu" S lng iu kin th nh cc anh ch ni trn Cch phn nhm: nhm EFCD-2000, theo phng tin vn ti-2010 (hc cch phn nhm cc iu kin nh Incoterms 2000 d hn) C quy nh v giy php an ninh v h tr nhau thng tin cn thit ly giy php ny minh bch phn chia chi ph xp d ti bn bi bn hng theo chui, chuyn giao hng c gi thm na l ngi bn FOB trong Incoterms 2010 c th thu tu theo tp qun cng hoc khi ngi mua c yu cu Nhm E (ni i) o EXW (ni i) - Giao ti xng Nhm F (Ph vn chuyn cha tr) o FCA (cng i) - Giao cho ngi chuyn ch o FAS (cng i) - Giao dc mn tu o FOB (cng i) - Giao ln tu Nhm C (Ph vn chuyn tr) o CFR (cng n) - Tin hng v cc ph o CIF (cng n) - Tin hng, bo him v cc ph o CPT (cng n) - Cc ph tr ti o CIP (cng n) - Cc ph v ph bo him tr ti Nhm D (ni n) o DAF (bin gii) - Giao ti bin gii o DES (cng n) - Giao ti tu o DEQ (cng n) - Giao ti cu cng o DDU (im n) - Giao hng cha np thu o DDP (im n) - Giao hng np thu

GLOSSARY INCOTERMS 2010 agreed destination: ni n tha thun agreed place: ni tha thun at its own risk and expense: phi t chu ri ro v ph tn at the buyers request, risk and expense: khi ngi mua yu cu, chu chi ph v ri ro at the buyers risk and expense: vi ri ro v chi ph do ngi mua chu at the disposal of the buyer: t di s nh ot ca ngi mua before the contract of sale is concluded: trc khi hp ng c k kt carry out all customs formalities for the export of the goods: lm th tc hi quan xut khu hng ha clear the goods for export: lm th tc thng quan xut khu commodities: Hng nguyn liu ng nht container terminal: bn container cost of handling and moving the goods: chi ph xp d v di chuyn hng ha critical points: im ti hn, im phn chia trch nhim v chi ph gia hai bn delivery document: chng t giao hng electronic records or procedure: Chng t hoc quy trnh in t for the account of the seller: do ngi bn chu fulfils its obligation: hon thnh ngha v guidance note: Hng dn s dng import clearance: th tc thng quan nhp khu incurred by the seller: m ngi bn chi information that the buyer needs for obtaining insurance: nhng thng tin m ngi mua cn mua bo him latter stage: thi im mun hn load the goods from any collecting vehicle: bc hng ln phng tin vn ti make arrangement for the carriage of the goods: t chc vic vn chuyn hng ha manufactured goods: hng ha sn xut cng nghip match this choice precisely: ph hp vi a im ny named place of destination: ni n ch nh on board the vessel: xp ln tu otherwise agreed between the parties: tr khi c tha thun khc gia hai bn over which the buyer has no control: qua a im ngi mua khng c quyn kim sot physical inspection obligation: ngha v kim tra thc t place of destination: ni n point within the named place of delivery: a im ti ni giao hng ch nh precise point in the place of destination: mt im c th ti ni n procure goods shipped: mua hng gi provided that the goods have been clearly identified as the contract goods: vi iu kin l hng c phn bit r l hng ca hp ng ready for unloading: sn sng d khi phng tin vn ti receipt: bin lai risks of loss of or damage to the goods: ri ro b mt mt hoc h hng ca hng ha specific points/named place of delivery: a im c th ti ni giao hng ch nh stowage of packaged goods: sp xp hng ha c bao b string sales: Bn hng theo chui terminal handling charges: ph xp d ti bn bi (THC) terminal operator: ngi iu hnh bn bi the named place of destination: ni n c ch nh the named place: ni c ch nh the named terminal: bn c ch nh

the parties are well advised to specify as clearly as possible: Cc bn nn quy nh cng r cng tt the point of delivery: a im giao hng unloaded from the arriving vehicle: d khi phng tin vn ti when a ship is used as a part of the carriage: khi mt phn chng ng c vn chuyn bng tu bin whether one or more mode of transportation: s dng mt hay nhiu phng thc vn ti. within the named place of delivery destination/ several points: ti ni giao hng ch nh c nhiu a im c th giao hng iu kin Incoterms gii thch nhng iu kin thng mi c vit tt bng ba ch ci, th hin tp qun giao dch gia cc doanh nghip trong cc hp ng mua bn hng ha. iu kin Incoterms ch yu m t cc ngha v, chi ph v ri ro trong qu trnh hng ha c giao t ngi bn sang ngi mua. [sa] CCH S DNG INCOTERMS 2010 [sa] 1. Dn chiu cc iu kin Incoterms 2010 vo hp ng mua bn hng ha Nu bn mun p dng cc quy tc Incoterms 2010 vo hp ng mua bn hng ha th phi lm r iu trong hp ng bng cch dng cc t ng, nh: [iu kin c chn, tn a im, Incoterms 2010]. [sa] 2. La chn iu kin Incoterms ph hp iu kin Incoterms c chn phi ph hp vi hng ha, phng tin vn ti v quan trng hn c l phi xem cc bn c nh t ra cho ngi mua hoc ngi bn cc ngha v b sung, v d nh ngha v t chc vn ti v mua bo him. Hng dn s dng trong tng iu kin Incoterms cung cp nhng thng tin c bit hu ch cho vic la chn cc iu kin. D chn iu kin Incoterms no, cc bn vn cn bit rng vic gii thch hp ng cn chi phi mnh m hn tp qun ring ca tng cng hoc tng a phng c lin quan. [sa] 3. Quy nh ni hoc cng cng chnh xc cng tt iu kin Incoterms c la chn ch lm vic tt khi cc bn ch nh mt ni hoc mt cng, v s l ti u nu cc bn quy nh chnh xc ni hoc cng . Chng hn cn quy nh nh: FCA 38 Cours Albert 1er, Paris, France Incoterms 2010 Theo cc iu kin nh: Giao ti xng (EXW), Giao cho ngi chuyn ch (FCA), Giao ti bn (DAT), Giao ti ni n (DAP), Giao hng np thu (DDP), Giao dc mn tu (FAS), Giao ln tu (FOB), th ni c ch nh l ni din ra vic giao hng v l ni ri ro chuyn t ngi bn sang ngi mua. Theo cc iu kin: Cc ph tr ti (CPT), Cc ph v bo him tr ti (CIP), Tin hng v cc ph (CFR), Tin hng, bo him v cc ph (CIF), th a im c ch nh khc vi ni giao hng. Theo bn iu kin ny, ni c ch nh l ni n m cc ph c tr. Vic ghi ni hoc ch n c th c c th ha hn bng cch quy nh mt a im c th ti ni hoc ch n nhm trnh s nghi ng hoc tranh chp. [sa] 4. Cn nh rng cc iu kin Incoterms khng lm cho hp ng y Incoterms ch r bn no trong hp ng mua bn c ngha v thu phng tin vn ti hoc mua bo him, khi no ngi bn giao hng cho ngi mua v chi ph no mi bn phi chu. Song, Incoterms khng ni g ti mc gi phi tr hay phng thc thanh ton. ng thi, Incoterms cng khng cp ti s chuyn giao quyn s hu v hng ha v hu qu ca vic vi phm hp ng. Nhng vn ny thng c quy nh trong cc iu khon khc ca hp ng hoc trong lut iu chnh hp ng. Cc bn nn bit rng lut

a phng c p dng c th lm mt hiu lc bt k ni dung no ca hp ng, k c iu kin Incoterms c chn. [sa] MT S C IM CA INCOTERMS 2010 [sa] 1. Hai iu kin mi DAT v DAP thay th cc iu kin DAF, DES, DEQ, DDU S iu kin trong Incoterms 2010 gim t 13 xung 11. C c iu ny l nh vic thay th bn iu kin c trong Incoterms 2000 (DAF, DES, DEQ, DDU) bng hai iu kin mi c th s dng cho mi phng thc vn ti l DAT Giao hng ti bn v DAP Giao ti ni n. Theo c hai iu kin mi ny, vic giao hng din ra ti mt ch n c ch nh: theo DAT, khi hng ha c t di s nh ot ca ngi mua, d khi phng tin vn ti (ging iu kin DEQ trc y); theo DAP, cng nh vy khi hng ha c t di s nh ot ca ngi mua, nhng sn sng d khi phng tin vn ti (ging cc iu kin DAF, DES, DDU trc y). Cc iu kin mi lm cho hai iu kin c DES v DEQ trong Incoterms 2000 tr nn tha. Bn c ch nh trong iu kin DAT c th l mt cng bin, v do iu kin ny c th dng thay th iu kin DEQ trong Incoterms 2000. Tng t, phng tin vn ti trong iu kin DAP c th l tu bin v ni n c ch nh c th l mt cng bin; do iu kin ny c th dng thay th iu kin DES trong Incoterms 2000. Cc iu kin mi ny, ging nh cc iu kin trc y, u l cc iu kin giao ti ni n, theo ngi bn chu mi chi ph (tr cc chi ph lin quan ti th tc thng quan nhp khu, nu c) v ri ro trong qu trnh a hng ti ni n c ch nh. [sa] 2. Phn loi 11 iu kin Incoterms 2010 11 iu kin Incoterms 2010 c chia thnh hai nhm ring bit: Cc iu kin p dng cho mi phng thc vn ti: EXW: Giao ti xng FCA: Giao cho ngi chuyn ch CPT: Cc ph tr ti CIP: Cc ph v bo him tr ti DAT: Giao ti bn DAP: Giao ti ni n DDP: Giao hng np thu Cc iu kin p dng cho vn ti ng bin v ng thy ni a: FAS: Giao dc mn tu FOB: Giao ln tu CFR: Tin hng v cc ph CIF: Tin hng, bo him v cc ph Nhm th nht gm by iu kin c th s dng m khng ph thuc vo phng thc vn ti la chn v cng khng ph thuc vo vic s dng mt hay nhiu phng thc vn ti. Nhm ny gm cc iu kin EXW, FCA, CPT, CIP, DAT, DAP, DDP. Chng c th c dng khi hon ton khng c vn ti bin. Tuy vy, nn nh rng cc iu kin ny cng c th c s dng khi mt phn chng ng c tin hnh bng tu bin. Trong nhm th hai, a im giao hng v ni hng ha c ch ti ngi mua u l cng bin, v th chng c xp vo nhm cc iu kin ng bin v ng thy ni a. Nhm ny gm cc iu kin FAS, FOB, CFR v CIF. ba iu kin sau cng, mi cch cp ti lan can tu nh mt im giao hng b loi b. Thay vo , hng ha xem nh c giao khi chng c xp ln tu. iu ny phn nh st hn thc tin thng mi hin i v xa i hnh nh kh li thi v vic ri ro di chuyn qua mt ranh gii tng tng. [sa] 3. Cc iu kin dng cho thng mi quc t v ni a

Theo truyn thng, cc iu kin Incoterms thng c s dng trong cc hp ng mua bn quc t, khi c s di chuyn ca hng ha qua bin gii quc gia. Tuy vy, ti nhiu ni trn th gii, s pht trin ca cc khi thng mi, nh Lin minh Chu u khin cc th tc ti bin gii gia cc quc gia khng cn quan trng na. Do , tiu ph ca Incoterms 2010 chnh thc khng nh chng c th c s dng cho c cc hp ng mua bn quc t v ni a. V l do ny, cc iu kin Incoterms 2010 ni r ti nhiu ni rng ngha v thng quan xut khu/nhp khu ch tn ti khi c p dng. C hai l do khin ICC tin tng hng i ny l hp l. Th nht, cc thng nhn thng s dng cc iu kin Incoterms trong cc hp ng mua bn ni a. Th hai, trong thng mi ni a, cc thng nhn M thch s dng cc iu kin Incoterms hn l cc iu kin giao hng trong B lut Thng mi Thng nht (UCC). [sa] 4. Hng dn s dng Trc mi iu kin Incoterms s c mt Hng dn s dng. Hng dn s dng gii thch nhng vn c bn ca mi iu kin Incoterms, chng hn nh: khi no th nn s dng iu kin ny, khi no ri ro c chuyn giao v chi ph c phn chia gia ngi mua v ngi bn nh th no. Hng dn s dng khng phi l mt b phn ca cc iu kin Incoterms 2010 m nhm gip ngi s dng la chn mt cch chnh xc v hiu qu iu kin Incoterms thch hp cho tng giao dch c th. [sa] 5. Trao i thng tin bng in t Cc phin bn Incoterms trc ch r nhng chng t c th c thay th bng thng ip d liu in t. Tuy vy, gi y cc mc A1/B1 ca Incoterms 2010 cho php cc trao i thng tin bng in t c hiu lc tng ng vi vic trao i thng tin bng bng giy, min l c cc bn ng hoc theo tp qun. Cch quy nh ny s to iu kin cho s pht trin ca cc giao dch in t mi trong sut thi gian Incoterms 2010 c hiu lc. [sa] 6. Bo him Incoterms 2010 l phin bn iu kin thng mi u tin k t khi Cc iu kin bo him hng ha c sa i v tnh n nhng s thay i ca cc iu kin ny. Incoterms 2010 a ra ngha v v thng tin lin quan ti bo him trong cc mc A3/B3, mc quy nh v hp ng vn ti v bo him. Nhng iu khon ny c chuyn t cc mc A10/B10 trong Incoterms 2000 vn c quy nh chung chung hn. Ngn t lin quan ti bo him trong cc mc A3/B3 cng c hiu chnh nhm lm r ngha v ca cc bn v vn ny. [sa] 7. Th tc an ninh v cc thng tin cn thit lm th tc Hin nay, mi quan tm v an ninh trong qu trnh vn ti hng ha ngy cng gia tng, i hi phi c bng chng xc nhn hng ha khng gy nguy him cho con ngi hoc ti sn v bt c l do g tr bn cht t nhin ca hng ha. Do , Incoterms 2010, trong cc mc A2/B2 v A10/B10 ca nhiu iu kin, phn chia ngha v gia ngi mua v ngi bn v vic tip nhn s h tr lm th tc an ninh, nh l thng tin v quy trnh trng nom, bo qun hng ha. [sa] 8. Ph xp d ti bn bi (THC) Theo cc iu kin CPT, CIP, CFR, CIF, DAT, DAP v DDP, ngi bn phi t chc vic vn chuyn hng ha ti ni n theo tha thun. D ngi bn tr cc ph nhng thc cht ngi mua mi l ngi chu cc ph v chi ph ny thng bao gm trong tng gi bn. Chi ph vn ti i khi bao gm c chi ph xp d v di chuyn hng ha trong cng hoc bn container v ngi chuyn ch hoc ngi iu hnh bn bi c th buc ngi mua tr chi ph ny khi nhn hng. Trong nhng trng hp nh vy, ngi mua khng mun phi

tr cng mt khon chi ph ti hai ln: mt ln tr cho ngi bn di dng mt phn tng gi hng v mt ln tr c lp cho ngi chuyn ch hoc ngi iu hnh bn bi. Incoterms 2010 c gng khc phc iu ny bng cch phn chia r rng cc chi ph ny ti mc A6/B6 ca cc iu kin k trn. [sa] 9. Bn hng theo chui Hng nguyn liu ng nht, khc vi hng ha ch bin, thng c bn nhiu ln trong qu trnh vn chuyn theo mt chui. Khi iu ny din ra, ngi bn gia chui khng phi l ngi gi (ship) hng v chng c gi bi ngi bn u tin trong chui. Ngi bn gia chui, do , thc hin ngha v ca mnh i vi ngi mua khng phi bng vic gi hng m bng vic mua hng ha c gi. Nhm mc ch lm r vn ny, Incoterms 2010 a thm ngha v mua hng gi nh mt phng n thay th cho ngha v gi hng trong cc quy tc Incoterms thch hp. [sa] CC BIN TH CA INCOTERMS i khi cc bn mun thay i iu kin Incoterms. Incoterms 2010 khng cm s thay i nh vy v c th gp ri ro khi lm vic ny. trnh nhng ri ro khng mong i ny, cc bn cn lm r nhng thay i trong hp ng. V d, nu s phn chia chi ph theo cc iu kin Incoterms 2010 c sa i trong hp ng, cc bn cng nn lm r liu h c mun thay i im chuyn giao ri ro t ngi bn sang ngi mua hay khng. [sa] A V PHP L CA PHN GII THIU Phn gii thiu ny a ra cc thng tin chung v vic s dng v gii thch cc iu kin Incoterms 2010 nhng khng phi l mt phn ca cc iu kin ny. [sa] GII THCH CC THUT NG TRONG INCOTERMS 2010 Cng ging nh trong Incoterms 2000, cc ngha v ca ngi mua v ngi bn c trnh by theo phng php i chiu. Ngha v ca ngi bn c th hin ct A cn ngha v ca ngi mua c th hin ct B. Nhng ngha v ny c th c thc hin bi c nhn ngi bn hay ngi mua, hoc i khi, ph thuc cc iu khon trong hp ng v lut p dng, c thc hin bi cc trung gian nh ngi chuyn ch, ngi giao nhn hoc nhng ngi khc do ngi bn hay ngi mua ch nh v mt mc ch c th. Li vn dng trong Incoterms 2010 bn thn n c th t th hin c. Tuy vy, h tr ngi s dng, phn gii thch sau y s a ra ch dn v ngha ca cc thut ng c s dng xuyn sut trong ti liu ny: Ngi chuyn ch: Nhm mc ch ca Incoterms 2010, ngi chuyn ch l mt bn m vi ngi vic vn chuyn c k hp ng. Th tc hi quan: y l nhng yu cu cn p ng tun th nhng quy nh v hi quan v c th bao gm chng t, an ninh, thng tin v ngha v kim tra thc t. Giao hng: Thut ng ny mang nhiu ngha trong tp qun v lut thng mi nhng trong Incoterms 2010, n c s dng ch a im ti ri ro v vic hng ha b mt mt hoc h hng c chuyn giao t ngi bn sang ngi mua. Chng t giao hng: Cm t ny hin nay c s dng lm tiu cho mc A8. N c ngha l mt chng t c s dng chng minh cho vic giao hng. Theo nhiu iu kin ca Incoterms 2010, chng t giao hng l mt chng t vn ti hoc mt chng t in t tng ng. Tuy vy, i vi cc iu kin EXW, FCA, FAS v FOB, chng t giao hng c th ch l mt bin lai. Chng t giao hng c th c chc nng khc, chng hn n l mt phn trong quy trnh thanh ton. Chng t hoc quy trnh in t: Mt b thng tin hp thnh bi mt hoc nhiu thng ip in t v, khi c p dng, n c chc nng tng ng vi cc chng t giy tng ng. ng gi: Thut ng ny c s dng vi nhiu mc ch khc nhau: 1. Vic ng gi hng ha nhm p ng yu cu ca hp ng mua bn hng ha. 2. Vic ng gi hng

ha sao cho ph hp vi qu trnh vn chuyn 3. Vic sp xp hng ha c bao b trong container hoc trong cc phng tin vn ti khc. Trong Incoterms 2010, ng gi mang c hai ngha th nht v th hai ni trn. Cc iu kin Incoterms 2010 khng cp ti ngha v ng gi hng ha trong container v v th, khi cn, cc bn nn quy nh iu ny trong hp ng mua bn.

Ngha v ca ngi mua v ngi bn trong cc iu kin mi DAT v DAP ca incoterms 2010
DAT Delivered At Terminal
Giao ti bn ti ( Bn tu; Sn bay, Ga cui cng ca cuc hnh trnh ) A. NGHA V CA NGI BN TRONG DAT A1. Ngha v chung ca ngi bn Ngi bn phi cung cp hng ha v ha n thng mi ph hp vi hp ng mua bn v cung cp tt c bng chng ph hp khc m hp ng c th i hi. Bt k chng t no c cp trong mc A1-A10 u c th l cc chng t hoc thng ip in t tng ng nu c cc bn tho thun hoc tp qun quy nh. A2. Giy php, kim tra an ninh v cc th tc khc Nu c quy nh, ngi bn phi t chu ri ro v chi ph ly giy php xut khu, nhp khu hoc cc giy php chnh thc khc v lm tt c t tc hi quan xut khu, vn ti qua cc nc. A3. Hp ng vn ti v bo him a)Hp ng vn ti Ngi bn phi chu ph tn k hp ng vn ti chuyn ch hng ha ti bn ch nh ti cng hoc ni n tha thun. Nu khng tha thun c mt bn c th hoc khng quyt nh c theo tp qun, th ngi bn c th chn mt bn ti cng hoc ni n tha thun ph hp nht vi mc ch ca mnh. b)Hp ng bo him Ngi bn khng c ngha v vi ngi mua v k kt hp ng bo him. Tuy vy, nu ngi mua yu cu v chu ri ro v chi ph (nu c), ngi bn phi cung cp cho ngi mua nhng thng tin cn thit mua bo him. A4. Giao hng Ngi bn phi d hng khi phng tin vn ti v sau phi giao hng bng cch t hng ha di quyn nh ot ca ngi mua ti bn ch nh nh ti mc A3 a) cng hoc ni n tha thun, vo ngy hoc trong thi hn quy nh. A5. Chuyn ri ro Ngi bn phi chu tt c ri ro v mt mt hoc h hng ca hng ha cho n khi hng ha c giao theo mc A4 tr trng hp mt mt hoc h hng trong cc trng hp quy nh ti iu B5.

A6. Phn chia chi ph Ngi bn phi tr: a) ngoi cc chi ph pht sinh t mc A3 a), mi chi ph lin quan ti hng ha cho n khi hng c giao theo mc A4; ngoi tr nhng chi ph ngi mua tr theo mc B6; v b) chi ph v th tc hi quan, nu c, cn thit xut khu cng nh tt c cc th thu, l ph v chi ph khc phi tr khi xut khu v chi ph vn chuyn qua bt k nc no trc khi giao hng theo mc A4. A7. Thng bo cho ngi mua Ngi bn phi thng bo cho ngi mua cc thng tin cn thit ngi mua c th p dng cc bin php thng thng cn thit nhn hng. A8. Chng t giao hng Ngi bn phi cung cp cho ngi mua, bng chi ph ca mnh chng t ngi mua c th nhn hng theo mc A4/B4. A9. Kim tra-ng gi, bao b-k m hiu Ngi bn phi tr cc chi ph v vic kim tra (nh kim tra cht lng, cn, o, m) cn thit giao hng theo quy nh mc A4, k c cc ph tn cho bt k vic kim tra no trc khi gi hng theo yu cu ca cc c quan c thm quyn nc xut khu. Ngi bn phi, bng chi ph ca mnh, ng gi hng ha, tr khi theo thng l ca ngnh hng, hng ha c gi i khng cn ng gi. Ngi bn c th ng gi hng ha ph hp vi phng thc vn ti, tr khi ngi mua thng bo cho ngi bn yu cu c th v ng gi trc khi hp ng c k kt. Bao b phi c ghi k m hiu thch hp. A10. H tr thng tin v chi ph lin quan Nu c quy nh, ngi bn, theo yu cu ca ngi mua, do ngi mua chu ri ro v ph tn, phi gip ngi mua ly cc chng t v thng tin k c thng tin an ninh m ngi mua cn nhp khu v/hoc vn ti n a im cui cng. Ngi bn phi hon tr cho ngi mua tt c chi ph v l ph m ngi mua chi ly hoc gip ly c cc chng t v thng tin theo mc B10. B. NGHA V CA NGI MUA TRONG DAT B1. Ngha v chung ca ngi mua Ngi mua phi thanh ton tin hng nh quy nh trong hp ng mua bn. Bt k chng t c cp trong mc B1-B10 u c th l cc chng t hoc thng ip in t tng ng nu c cc bn ng hoc tp qun quy nh. B2. Giy php, kim tra an ninh v cc th tc khc Nu c quy nh, ngi mua phi t chu ri ro v ph tn ly c giy php nhp khu hoc cc giy php chnh thc khc v lm th tc hi quan nhp khu hng ha.

B3. Hp ng vn ti v bo him a) Hp ng vn ti Ngi mua khng c ngha v i vi ngi bn v k kt hp ng vn ti b) Hp ng bo him Ngi mua khng c ngha v i vi ngi bn v k kt hp ng bo him Tuy vy, khi ngi bn yu cu, ngi mua phi cung cp cho ngi bn cc thng tin cn thit mua bo him. B4. Nhn hng Ngi mua phi nhn hng khi hng ha c giao theo mc A4. B5. Chuyn ri ro Ngi mua pha chu mi ri ro v mt mt hay h hng ca hng ha k t khi hng c giao theo mc A4. nu: a) ngi mua khng hon thnh ngha v ca mnh theo mc B2 th ngi mua phi chu mi ri ro v mt mt hay h hng cu hng ha xy ra t vic , hoc b) ngi mua khng thng bo theo mc B7, th ngi mua chu mi ri ro v mt mt hay h hng ca hng ha k t ngy tha thun hoc ngy cui cng ca thi hn tha thun cho vic giao hng, vi iu kin hng c phn bit r rng l hng ca hp ng. B6. Phn chia chi ph Ngi mua phi tr: a) tt c cc chi ph lin quan n hng ha k t khi hng c giao theo mc A4 b) cc chi ph pht sinh m ngi bn chi nu ngi mua khng hon thnh ngha v ca mnh theo mc B2 hoc khng thng bo theo mc B7 vi iu kin l hng c phn bit r rng l hng ca hp ng; v c) nu c, tt c cc chi ph th tc hi quan cng nh thu, l ph v cc chi ph khc phi tr khi nhp khu hng ha. B7. Thng bo cho ngi bn Ngi mua phi, khi quyt nh c v thi gian trong khong thi gian tha thun v/hoc a im nhn hng ti bn ch nh, thng bo cho ngi bn y v vic . B8. Bng chng giao hng Ngi mua phi chp nhn chng t giao hng do ngi bn cung cp ph hp vi mc A8. B9. Kim tra hng ha Ngi mua phi tr cc chi ph cho vic kim tra bt buc trc khi gi hng, ngoi tr vic kim tra thei yu cu ca cc c quan c thm quyn nc xut khu. B10. H tr thng tin v chi ph lin quan

Ngi mua phi thng bo cho ngi nhn mt cch kp thi cc yu cu v thng tin an ninh ngi bn c th thc hin mc A10. Ngi mua phi tr hon ton cho ngi bn tt c chi ph v l ph m ngi bn chi cung cp hoc gip cung cp chng t v thng tin theo mc A10. Nu c quy nh, theo yu cu ca ngi bn, do ngi bn chu ri ro v ph tn, ngi mua phi cung cp hoc gip ngi bn mt cch kp thi ly cc chng t v thng tin k c thng tin an ninh m ngi bn cn vn ti, xut khu hng ha v vn ti qua nc khc.

DAP Delivered At Place GIAO HNG TI A IM N

A. NGHA V CA NGI BN A1. Ngha v chung ca ngi bn Ngi bn phi cung cp hng ha v ha n thng mi ph hp vi hp ng mua bn v cung cp tt c bng chng ph hp m hp ng c th i hi. Bt k chng t c cp trong mc A1-A10 u c th l cc chng t hoc thng ip in t tng ng nu c cc bn tha thun hoc tp qun quy nh. A2. Giy php, kim tra an ninh v cc th tc khc Nu c quy nh, ngi bn phi t chu ri ro v chi ph ly bt k giy php xut khu hoc giy php chnh thc khc v phi thc hin mi th tc hi quan cn thit xut khu hng ha v vn ti qua cc nc trc khi giao hng. A3. Hp ng vn ti v bo him a) Hp ng vn ti Ngi bn phi, bng chi ph ca mnh k hp ng vn ti chuyn ch hng ha ti ni n ch nh hoc ti mt a im tha thun, nu c, ti ni n ch nh. Nu khng tha thun c mt a im n c th hoc khng quyt nh c theo tp qun, th ngi bn c th chn mt a im ti ni n ph hp nht vi mc ch ca mnh. b) Hp ng bo him Ngi bn khng c ngha v vi ngi mua v k hp ng bo him. Tuy vy, nu ngi mua yu cu v chu ri ro v chi ph, nu c, ngi bn phi cung cp cho ngi mua nhng thng tin cn thit mua bo him. A4. Giao hng Ngi bn phi giao hng bng cch t hng ha di quyn nh ot ca ngi mua trn phng tin vn ti ch n v sn sng d ti a im tha thun, nu c, ti ni n vo ngy hoc trong thi hn giao hng tha thun. A5. Chuyn ri ro Ngi bn phi chu tt c ri ro v mt mt hoc h hng ca hng ha cho n khi hng ha c giao theo mc A4 tr trng hp mt mt hoc h hng trong cc trng hp quy

nh ti iu B5. A6. Phn chia chi ph Ngi bn phi tr: a) ngoi cc chi ph pht sinh t mc A3 a), mi chi ph lin quan ti hng ha cho n khi hng c giao theo mc A4; ngoi tr nhng chi ph ngi mua tr theo mc B6; b) chi ph d hng ti ni n m ngi bn phi chu theo hp ng vn ti; v c) chi ph v th tc hi quan; nu c, cn thit xut khu cng nh tt c cc th thu, l ph v chi ph khc phi tr khi xut khu v chi ph vn chuyn qua bt k nc no trc khi giao hng theo mc A4. A7. Thng bo cho ngi mua Ngi bn phi thng bo cho ngi mua cc thng tin cn thit ngi mua c th p dng cc bin php thng thng cn thit nhn hng. A8. Chng t giao hng Ngi bn phi chu ph tn cung cp cho ngi mua chng t ngi mua c th nhn hng theo mc A4/B4. A9. Kim tra ng gi, bao b k m hiu Ngi bn phi tr cc chi ph v vic kim tra (nh kim tra cht lng, cn, o , m) cn thit giao hng theo quy nh mc A4 k c cc ph tn cho bt k vic kim tra no trc khi gi hng theo yu cu ca cc c quan c thm quyn nc xut khu. Ngi bn phi, bng chi ph ca mnh, ng gi hng ha, tr khi theo thng l ca ngnh c th, hng ha c vn chuyn khng cn ng gi. Ngi bn c th ng gi hng ph hp vi phng thc vn ti, tr khi ngi mua thng bo cho ngi bn yu cu c th v ng gi trc khi hp ng c k kt. Bao b phi c ghi k m hiu thch hp. A10. H tr thng tin v chi ph lin quan Nu c quy nh, ngi bn, theo yu cu ca ngi mua do ngi mua chu ri ro v ph tn, phi gip ngi mua ly cc chng t v thng tin k c thng tin an ninh m ngi mua cn nhp khu v/hoc vn ti n a im cui cng. Ngi bn phi han tr cho ngi mua tt c chi ph v l ph pht sinh trong trng hp ngi mua chi ly hoc gip ly c nhng chng t v thng tin theo mc B10. B. NGHA V CA NGI MUA B1. Ngha v chung ca ngi mua Ngi mua phi thanh tan tin hng nh quy nh trong hp ng mua bn. Bt k chng t c cp trong mc B1-B10 u c th l cc chng t hoc thng ip in t tng ng nu c cc bn ng hoc tp qun quy nh.

B2. Giy php, kim tra an ninh v cc th tc khc Nu c quy nh, ngi mua phi, t chu ri ro v bng chi ph ca mnh ly giy php nhp khu hoc cc giy php chnh thc khc v lm th tc hi quan nhp khu hng ha. B3. Hp ng vn ti v bo him a) Hp ng vn ti Ngi mua khng c ngha v i vi ngi bn v k kt hp ng vn ti. b) Hp ng bo him Ngi mua khng c ngha v i vi ngi bn v k kt hp ng bo him. tuy vy, nu ngi bn yu cu, ngi mua phi cung cp cho ngi bn cc thng tin cn thit mua bo him. B4. Nhn hng Ngi mua phi nhn hng khi hng ha c giao theo mc A4. B5. Chuyn ri ro Ngi mua phi chu mi ri ro v mt mt hay h hng ca hng ha k t khi hng c giao theo mc A4. Nu a) ngi mua khng han thnh ngha v ca mnh theo mc B2 th ngi mua phi chu mi ri ro v mt mt hay h hng ca hng ha xy ra t vic , hoc b) ngi mua khng thng bo theo mc B7, th ngi mua chu mi ri ro v mt mt hay h hng ca hng ha k t ngy tha thun hoc ngy ht hn ca thi hn tha thun cho vic giao hng, vi iu kin l hng c phn bit r rng l hng ca hp ng. B6. Phn chia chi ph Ngi mua phi tr: a) tt c cc chi ph lin quan n hng ha k t khi hng c giao theo mc A4 b) tt c cc chi ph d hng cn thit nhn hng t phng tin vn ti ti im ni n ch nh, tr khi nhng chi ph ny do ngi bn chu theo hp ng vn ti; c) cc chi ph pht sinh nu ngi mua khng hon thnh ngha v ca mnh theo mc B2 hoc khng thng bo theo mc B7 vi iu kin hng c phn bit r rng l hng ca hp ng; v d) nu c, tt c cc chi ph th tc hi quan cng nh thu, l ph v cc chi ph khc phi tr khi nhp khu hng ha. B7. Thng bo cho ngi bn Ngi mua phi, khi quyt nh c thi gian trong khong thi gian tha thun v/hoc a im nhn hng ti ni n ch nh, thng bo cho ngi bn y v vic . B8. Bng chng giao hng Ngi mua phi chp nhn chng t giao hng do ngi bn cung cp theo mc A8

B9. Kim tra hng ha Ngi mua phi tr cc chi ph cho vic kim tra bt buc trc khi gi hng, ngoi tr vic kim tra theo yu cu ca cc c quan c thm quyn nc xut khu B10. H tr thng tin v chi ph lin quan Ngi mua phi thng bo cho ngi bn mt cch kp thi cc yu cu v thng tin an ninh ngi bn c th thc hin mc A10. Ngi mua phi hon tr cho ngi bn tt c chi ph v l ph m ngi bn chi ly hoc gip ly c nhng chng t v thng tin theo mc A10. Nu c quy nh, theo yu cu ca ngi bn, do ngi bn chu ri ro v ph tn, ngi mua phi gip ngi bn mt cch kp thi ly hoc gip ly cc chng t v thng tin k c thng tin an ninh m ngi bn cn vn ti, xut khu hng ha v vn ti qua nc khc. Mun ra chi bt c sn no cng u phi tho lut ni . Cc Doanh nghip Vit Nam tham gia th trng th gii th bt buc phi hiu cc quy tc chung ca quc t. Incoterms 2010 l phin bn th 8 c hiu lc t 01.01.2010 ca ICC. Do vy cc Doanh nghip Vit Nam t nay s phi cn thn hn nhiu vi cc iu kin giao hng mi theo thng l quc t mang tn Incoterms 2010., c bit l hai iu khon DAT v DAP d hiu hn xin c khi qut qua bng biu nh sau