Switched-R Tuning Technique for Gm-C Filters

Tao Wang Advisor: Gabor C. Temes

2/22/2010

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Outline
Highly-linear tunable Gm-cell A 2nd order Gm-C filter with Switched-R tuning Simulation result Conclusion

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Gm-cell with source degeneration

I Ion Vinp Vtune(t) R1 M1 R2 I I Iop Vinn

Good linearity can be achieved Vtune is a periodic pulse waveform with adjustable on time Gm/C time constant is tuned by changing on time of Vtune signal and therefore the equivalent transconducntance of Gm-cell

Vtune(t)

Gm

gm gm Req1 ( R2 || ( R1d11 )) 1 1 g m Req 1 g m ( R2 || ( R1d11 ))

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Second-order low-pass Butterworth Gm-C filter

Gm1 Gm 2 Gm3 Gm4
Vin Gm1 Gm2 Gm3 Gm4

C2 mCu , C1 nCu
(m, n 1,2,3..., k m / n)

C1

C2 Vout

Vout H (s) Vin

Gm1Gm1 4 1 1 1 sGm 3Gm 2Gm 4C1 s 2Gm1 Gm1 C1C2 2 4

1 1 sGm1C1 s 2 k (Gm1C1 ) 2 1 1

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Tuning circuit
Vcm P2 C1t P1 Vtune(t) R1t Vpos Ms R2t Ca P2 C1t=0.05C1 R1t=0.25R1 R2t=0.25R2 P1

Opamp output

Comparator Threshold

P1 P2 Tref

Vo(t) Vtune(t)

Time

Un-clocked comparator

Tref C11 R2t || ( R1t d 1 ) Rt , eq t

Tref C1t Rt ,eq C1t / Gm

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Filter frequency responses (w/o & w/ tuning)

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Cut-off frequency variation (w/ tuning)

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Table II. Simulation settings

FFT analysis

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Conclusion
A 2nd order Gm-C filter model has been simulated to verify the effective of the tuning method The achievable linearity of the filter is not limited by the tuning method itself The proposed tuning method may be applied to low-voltage applications since the tuning is done in time domain.

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