Enterohepatic circulation

Bile is produced by hepatocytes

They are once again excreted in the bile

between meals, Sphincter of Oddi is closed

bile enters the gallbladder Reabsorbed into the portal blood for return to the liver a large portion of water in the bile is absorbed through the walls of the gallbladder ( 5-10x more concentrated than originally secreted by the liver

Bile salts together with cholesterol assist in the emulsification of fats in the distal ileum Food enters the duodenum

Gallbladder contracts Bile enters the intestines Sphincter of Oddi relaxes

Bile composed of water and Electrolytes (Na, K, Ca, Cl, HC03) Along with significant amounts of lecithin, Fatty acids, cholesterol, bilirubinnand bile salts

Mediated by the secretion of CholecystokyininPancreozymin (CCK-PZ) from the intestinal wall

ito po ung ginawa kong Pathophy ng bile etc. na normal, bale circle po dapat yan pero hindi ko ma-lay out ng maayos kasi walang MS word and gamit kong laptop, Open Office lang :))

SORRY :)

Female

Fertile Forty and above Fair Fatty Food

Increase biliary cholesterol saturation

Increase hepatic secretion of cholesterol And decreased bole acid synthesis

Bile supersaturated with cholesterol

Formation of gallstones Jaundice Bile absorbed by the blood Pruritus

Obstruction of bile outflow

Interferes absorption of the Fat soluble Vitamins A, D, E, K.

Impaired skin integrity Excretion of bile pigments By the kidneys Irritates the gallbladder wall

Risk for imbalance nutrition: less than body requirements

Stool becomes grayish, Like putty or clay colored

Very dark color urine

Spurs on inflammatory mediators especially Prostaglandin which aggravates inflammation

Fever

Hyperthermia

autolysis

edema

Palpable Abdominal Mass

Nause and vomiting

Blood vessels in the gallbladder are compressed

Tenderness on The RUQ

Gangrene with perforation of the gallbladder

Biliary Colic with excruciating RUQ abdominal pain that radiates To the back or right shoulder

Acute pain

References: Brunner and Suddart Textbook of Medical Surgical Nursing, Volume 1, pages 1170 1181

PAKI ENCODE NALANG ULIT KASI MAGULO TALAGA, WALA AKONG MS WORD KASI KAYA HINDI AKO MARUNONG NITO. THANK YOU. PAKILAGYAN NA DIN NG RELATED TO UNG MGA NURSING DX. AT PAKIDAGDAGAN NA DIN ,PAKI EDIT NA DIN. HAHAHA. SORRY TALAGA :( MAGTEXT NALANG KAYO SA AKIN KUNG HINDI NIYO MAINTINDIHAN UNG GINAWA KO :) SLEEP WELL FRIENDS :))