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    CE 374 K - Hydrology CE 374 K Hydrology: Runoff Hydrograph Computation

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    JR Zuniga
    This document provides an example of computing a 1/2-hour unit hydrograph from streamflow data using the Snyder synthetic unit hydrograph method. It includes rainfall and runoff data from the Shoal Creek flood in 1981. The example shows computing the unit hydrograph values based on the excess rainfall and direct runoff values. It also discusses how unit hydrographs of different durations can be derived from an initial unit hydrograph using the concept of a synthetic unit hydrograph.

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    CE 374 K - Hydrology CE 374 K Hydrology: Runoff Hydrograph Computation

    Uploaded by

    JR Zuniga
    35 views13 pages
    This document provides an example of computing a 1/2-hour unit hydrograph from streamflow data using the Snyder synthetic unit hydrograph method. It includes rainfall and runoff data from the Shoal Creek flood in 1981. The example shows computing the unit hydrograph values based on the excess rainfall and direct runoff values. It also discusses how unit hydrographs of different durations can be derived from an initial unit hydrograph using the concept of a synthetic unit hydrograph.

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    15-RunoffHydrographComputation

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    This document provides an example of computing a 1/2-hour unit hydrograph from streamflow data using the Snyder synthetic unit hydrograph method. It includes rainfall and runoff data from the Shoal Creek flood in 1981. The example shows computing the unit hydrograph values based on the excess rainfall and direct runoff values. It also discusses how unit hydrographs of different durations can be derived from an initial unit hydrograph using the concept of a synthetic unit hydrograph.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    35 views13 pages

    CE 374 K - Hydrology CE 374 K Hydrology: Runoff Hydrograph Computation

    Uploaded by

    JR Zuniga
    This document provides an example of computing a 1/2-hour unit hydrograph from streamflow data using the Snyder synthetic unit hydrograph method. It includes rainfall and runoff data from the Shoal Creek flood in 1981. The example shows computing the unit hydrograph values based on the excess rainfall and direct runoff values. It also discusses how unit hydrographs of different durations can be derived from an initial unit hydrograph using the concept of a synthetic unit hydrograph.

    Copyright:

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    of 13

    CE 374 K Hydrology

    CE374K
    RunoffHydrographComputation
    DaeneC.McKinney

    Example (7.4.1)
    Example(7.4.1)
    Recall: Shoal Creek Flood, May 24-25, 1981 (Example 5.3.1)
    Find:
    -hr
    hr unit hydrograph

    Direct
    Runoff

    Time
    Time
    1/2 hr
    10:00 PM
    10:30 PM
    11:00 PM
    11:30 PM
    12:00 AM
    12:30 AM
    1:00 AM
    1:30 AM
    2:00 AM
    2 30 AM
    2:30
    3:00 AM

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11

    cfs
    428
    1923
    5297
    9131
    10625
    7834
    3921
    1846
    1402
    830
    313

    Excess
    Rainfall
    in
    1.06
    1.93
    1.81

    Example(Cont.)

    ExcessRainfall:M =3pulses
    Streamflow:N =11pulses
    UnitHydrograph:N M +1=9pulses

    Time
    1/2 hr

    n< M

    Qn = PmU n m +1

    Q1 = P1U1

    m =1

    Q2 = P2U1 + P1U 2
    Q3 = P3U1 + P2U 2 + P1U 3
    Q4 =
    Q5 =
    Q6 =
    Q7 =
    Q8 =
    Q9 =

    Direct
    Runoff

    Time

    10:00 PM
    10:30 PM
    11:00 PM
    11:30 PM
    12:00 AM
    12:30 AM
    1:00 AM
    1:30 AM
    2:00 AM
    2:30 AM
    3:00 AM

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11

    cfs
    428
    1923
    5297
    9131
    10625
    7834
    3921
    1846
    1402
    830
    313

    Excess
    Rainfall
    in
    1 06
    1.06
    1.93
    1.81

    P3U 2 + P2U 3 + P1U 4


    P3U 3 + P2U 4 + P1U 5
    P3U 4 + P2U 5 + P1U 6
    P3U 5 + P2U 6 + P1U 7
    P3U 6 + P2U 7 + P1U 8
    P3U 7 + P2U 8 + P1U 9

    Example(Cont.)

    ExcessRainfall:M =3pulses
    Streamflow:N =11pulses
    UnitHydrograph:N M +1=9pulses
    n< M

    m =1

    428 = 1.06U1
    1923 = 1.93U1 + 1.06U 2
    5297 = 1.81U1 + 1.93U 2 + 1.06U 3
    10625 =
    7834 =
    3921 =
    1846 =
    1402 =

    Pm

    Direct
    Runoff

    Excess
    Rainfall

    Time
    1/2 hr
    10:00 PM
    10:30 PM
    11:00 PM
    11:30 PM
    12:00 AM
    12:30 AM
    1:00 AM
    1:30 AM
    2:00 AM
    2:30 AM
    3:00 AM

    Qn = PmU n m +1

    9131 =

    Time

    Qn

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11

    cfs
    428
    1923
    5297
    9131
    10625
    7834
    3921
    1846
    1402
    830
    313

    in
    1.06
    1.93
    1.81

    1.81U 2 + 1.93U 3 + 1.06U 4


    1.81U 3 + 1.93U 4 + 1.06U 5
    1.81U 4 + 1.93U 5 + 1.06U 6
    1.81U 5 + 1.93U 6 + 1.06U 7
    1.81U 6 + 1.93U 7 + 1.06U 8
    1.81U 7 + 1.93U 8 + 1.06U 9

    Example (Cont.)
    Example(Cont.)
    Direct
    Time
    1/2 hr

    Runoff
    cfs
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11

    428
    1923
    5297
    9131
    10625
    7834
    3921
    1846
    1402
    830
    313

    Excess

    Unit
    Hydrograp
    Rainfall
    h
    in
    cfs/in
    1.06
    404
    1.93
    1079
    1.81
    2343
    2506
    1460
    453
    381
    274
    173

    Example
    Three period storm:
    1st period: 2 in rain
    2nd period: 3 in rain
    3rd period: 1 in rain
    Find: DR using UH from last ex.

    Time
    0
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11

    Pi
    0
    2
    3
    1

    Ui
    0
    404
    1079
    2343
    2506
    1460
    453
    381
    274
    173
    0
    0

    P1Ui P2Ui
    0
    0
    808
    0
    2158 1212
    4686 3237
    5012 7029
    2920 7518
    906 4380
    762 1359
    548 1143
    346
    822
    0
    519
    0
    0

    Direct
    Runoff
    P3Ui
    (cfs)
    0 0
    0
    808
    0
    3370
    404
    8327
    1079 13120
    2343 12781
    2506
    7792
    1460
    3581
    453
    2144
    381
    1549
    274
    793
    173
    173

    Unit Hydrographs
    UnitHydrographs

    1in.ExcessRainfallin2hrstorm
    (0.5in/hr) 2hrUH
    1in.ExcessRainfallin12hrstorm
    (1/12in/hr) 12hrUH
    1in.ExcessRainfallin24hrstorm
    (1/24in/hr) 1dayUH

    2in.ExcessRainfallin3hrstorm
    2*runoffof3hrUH
    1/2in.ExcessRainfallin3hr
    storm 1/2*runoffof3hrUH

    Lagged Hydrograph
    LaggedHydrograph

    Givena2hrUH,a4hrUH
    canbederived.
    Plotthe2hrUH
    Plotanother2hrUH,lagged
    2 hrs
    2hrs
    AddtheordinatesoftheUHs
    anddivideby2toget4hr
    UH

    Time (hr) 2-hr UH (cfs) 2-hr UH (cfs)-Lag2 4-hr UH (cfs)


    0
    0
    0
    1
    60
    30
    2
    200
    0
    100
    3
    300
    60
    180
    4
    200
    200
    200
    5
    120
    300
    210
    6
    60
    200
    130
    7
    30
    120
    75
    8
    10
    60
    35
    9
    0
    30
    15
    10
    10
    5
    11
    0
    0

    S Hydrograph
    S

    Continuously
    lagginga1hrUH
    representsthe
    directrunofffrom
    acontinuous
    excessrainfallof1
    in./hr.
    Thisisan
    hi i
    S Hydrograph

    UH of Different Duration from SH


    UHofDifferentDurationfromSH

    LaggingtoobtainUHofa
    differentdurationis
    restrictedtomultiplesof
    theoriginalduration
    Toobtainanonmultiple
    durationUH,usetheS
    Hydrographmethod
    PlotanS Hydrograph
    PlotanotherS
    Hydrograph,laggedbya
    timeintervalequaltothe
    desiredduration
    Takethedifference
    betweenthetwotoget
    newUH

    Hydrographs of Different Duration


    HydrographsofDifferentDuration
    SH (0.5) = t [UH (t )] = 0.5[ 404]

    S
    S Hydrograph

    SH (1) = 0.5[UH (1) + UH (0.5)]

    N M +1

    SH (t ) = t UH (t jt )
    j =0

    = t [UH (t ) + UH (t t ) + ... + UH (t ( N M + 1)t )]


    5000
    4500

    S - Hydro
    ograph (cfs)

    4000
    3500
    3000
    2500
    2000
    1500

    S-hyd

    1000

    Lag S-hyd

    500
    0
    0.0

    0.5

    1.0

    1.5

    2.0

    2.5

    3.0
    Time (hr)

    3.5

    4.0

    4.5

    5.0

    5.5

    6.0

    Time 1/2-hr
    UH S-hyd
    hr
    cfs/in
    cfs
    00
    0.0
    00
    0.0
    00
    0.0
    0.5
    404
    202
    1.0
    1079
    742
    1.5
    2343 1913
    20
    2.0
    2506 3166
    2.5
    1460 3896
    3.0
    453
    4123
    3.5
    381
    4313
    40
    4.0
    274
    4450
    4.5
    173
    4537
    5.0
    0
    4537
    5.5
    0
    4537
    60
    6.0
    0
    4537

    Hydrographs of Different Duration


    HydrographsofDifferentDuration
    Advance
    Advance(lag)theS
    (lag) the S Hydrograph byatimeequalto
    by a time equal to
    thenewdesireddurationt
    SubtractthisLaggedS
    Subtract this Lagged S Hydrograph SH (t t )
    fromtheoriginalS Hydrograph togetthenew
    UnitHydrographwithdurationt
    UH (t ) =

    1
    [SH (t ) SH (t t )]
    t

    Hydrograph of Different Duration


    HydrographofDifferentDuration
    3000

    Unit Hydrograph (cfs/in)

    2500

    Find: 1.5-hr UH from -hr UH

    1/2-hr UH
    1.5-hr UH

    2000

    1500

    1000

    SH (t t ) UH (t ) =

    500

    0
    0.0

    0.5

    1.0

    1.5

    2.0

    2.5

    3.0

    3.5

    4.0

    4.5

    5.0

    5.5

    6.0

    Time (hr)

    Time
    hr
    0.0
    0.5
    1.0
    15
    1.5
    2.0
    2.5
    3.0
    3.5
    40
    4.0
    4.5
    5.0
    5.5
    6.0

    1/2-hr
    UH
    cfs/in
    0.0
    404
    1079
    2343
    2506
    1460
    453
    381
    274
    173
    0
    0
    0

    S-hyd
    cfs
    0.0
    202
    742
    1913
    3166
    3896
    4123
    4313
    4450
    4537
    4537
    4537
    4537

    Lagged
    S-hyd
    cfs
    0.0
    0
    0
    0
    202
    742
    1913
    3166
    3896
    4123
    4313
    4450
    4537

    1.5-hr
    UH
    cfs/in
    0.0
    135
    494
    1275
    1976
    2103
    1473
    765
    369
    276
    149
    58
    0

    1
    [SH (t ) SH (t t )]
    t

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